Article(id=1256536353731371329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256536349243523385, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1732464000000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-25, revisedDate=1741017600000, revisedDateStr=2025-03-04, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1777511212045, onlineDateStr=2026-04-30, pubDate=1776182400000, pubDateStr=2026-04-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1777511212045, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1777511212045, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1777511212045, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1256536349243523385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, year='2026', volume='42', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='264', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1777511210976, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1777511532015, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1256537695891874281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256536349243523385, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1256537695891874282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256536349243523385, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=143, endPage=148, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1256536354532483399, articleId=1256536353731371329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, language=EN, title=Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Lodging Resistance and Yield of Flax, columnId=null, journalTitle=Crops, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To identify suitable plant growth regulators in flax production, enhance lodging resistance and increase yield, different levels of paclobutrazol [975 (D1), 1125 (D2), 1275 g/ha (D3)], uniconazole [750 (X1), 900 (X2), 1050 g/ha (X3)] and chlormequat [1200 (A1), 1800 (A2), 2400 mL/ha (A3)] were applied. The changes of plant growth and development, lodging resistance, seed yield and related traits of flax at different levels were studied with clear water as control (CK). The results showed that spraying three plant growth regulators affected the main agronomic traits of flax. Compared with CK, the number of effective branches of D1 treatment decreased, and the number of effective branches and the number of effective capsules per plant of A1 treatment were lower than those of CK. There was no significant difference in root length among the treatments. The root diameter of A2 treatment was significantly higher than that of CK, and the number of seeds per capsule of each treatment was lower than that of CK. The yield per plant of X2 and A2 treatments was significantly higher than that of CK, and the 1000-grain weight of D1 treatment was significantly lower than that of CK. The plant height and center of gravity height of X3 treatment decreased the most, which were 13.63% and 10.34%, respectively. The stem diameter of each treatment was increased compared with CK, and the D2 treatment increased the most, which was 17.5%. There was no significant difference in yield between any treatment and CK. The stem breaking resistance of A2 treatment was significantly higher than that of CK, and there was no significant difference between the other treatments and the control. The lodging index of each treatment was lower than that of CK, except for D1 and D2 treatments, the other treatments were significantly different.The correlation analysis showed that the effective number of capsules per plant, effective branch number, breaking resistance and root diameter were significantly correlated with the yield per plant, and the fresh weight and crown weight were significantly correlated with the lodging index. Through comprehensive analysis, uniconazole was better than chlormequat, chlormequat was better than paclobutrazol, and uniconazole 900 g/ha had better effect in flax production.

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为筛选胡麻生产中适宜的生长调节剂,增强胡麻抗倒伏性和提高产量,设计不同水平多效唑[975(D1)、1125(D2)、1275 g/hm2(D3)]、烯效唑[750(X1)、900(X2)、1050 g/hm2(X3)]和矮壮素[1200(A1)、1800(A2)、2400 mL/hm2(A3)]处理,以清水为对照(CK)研究了各水平胡麻植株生长发育、抗倒伏性和种子产量及其相关性状的变化。结果表明:喷施3种植物生长调节剂对胡麻的主要农艺性状均有影响。与CK相比,D1处理的有效分枝数降低,A1处理的有效分枝数和单株有效结果数均低于CK;根长各处理间差异不显著,A2处理根粗较CK明显升高,各处理的每果粒数较CK均有所降低,单株产量X2和A2处理较CK明显提高,千粒重D1处理较CK显著降低;X3处理的株高和重心高度降幅最大,分别为13.63%和10.34%;各处理茎粗较CK处理均有所增加,D2处理增加幅度最大,为17.5%;各处理间产量与CK差异不显著;A2处理的茎秆抗折力较CK显著增强,其余处理较对照无显著差异。各处理倒伏指数较CK均有所下降,除D1和D2处理,其余处理均差异显著。相关性分析表明:与单株产量相关性较大的为单株有效结果数、有效分枝数、抗折力和根粗,与倒伏指数相关性较大的为鲜重和冠重。通过综合分析,烯效唑优于矮壮素,矮壮素优于多效唑,烯效唑900 g/hm2在胡麻生产中效果较好。

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曹秀霞,主要从事胡麻育种及栽培技术研究,E-mail:
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杨治伟,主要从事胡麻育种与栽培技术研究,E-mail:

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rfOrder=27, authorNames=吴海洋, 姜钦龙, 李云, journalName=杂交水稻, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴海洋, 姜钦龙, 李云, . 多效唑对万象优华占茎秆及产量性状的影响. 杂交水稻, 2020, 35(6):57-59., articleTitle=多效唑对万象优华占茎秆及产量性状的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536446421295259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=23, issue=8, pageStart=37, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=鱼冰星, 王宏富, 王振华, journalName=中国农业科技导报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=鱼冰星, 王宏富, 王振华, . 多效唑对谷子茎秆特征及抗倒性的影响. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(8):37-44., articleTitle=多效唑对谷子茎秆特征及抗倒性的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536446601650342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=40, issue=6, pageStart=29, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=田宏, 陆姣云, 张鹤山, journalName=中国农学通报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=田宏, 陆姣云, 张鹤山, . 烯效唑对扁穗雀麦生长发育和种子产量品质的影响. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(6):29-35., articleTitle=烯效唑对扁穗雀麦生长发育和种子产量品质的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536446719090858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=62, issue=1, pageStart=18, pageEnd=22, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=褚乾梅, 白桂萍, 谢捷, journalName=湖北农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=褚乾梅, 白桂萍, 谢捷, . 多效唑喷施时期对油菜农艺性状、产量和品质的影响. 湖北农业科学, 2023, 62(1):18-22., articleTitle=多效唑喷施时期对油菜农艺性状、产量和品质的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536446983332019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=34, issue=2, pageStart=150, pageEnd=158, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=成臣, 雷凯, 程慧煌, journalName=中国水稻科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=成臣, 雷凯, 程慧煌, . 苗期不同浓度多效唑对南方晚粳稻秧苗素质、茎蘖动态及产量的影响. 中国水稻科学, 2020, 34(2):150-158., articleTitle=苗期不同浓度多效唑对南方晚粳稻秧苗素质、茎蘖动态及产量的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536447142715577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=53, issue=10, pageStart=1867, pageEnd=1876, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=宫香伟, 刘春娟, 冯乃杰, journalName=植物生理学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宫香伟, 刘春娟, 冯乃杰, . S3307和DTA-6对大豆不同冠层叶片光合特性及产量的影响. 植物生理学报, 2017, 53(10):1867-1876., articleTitle=S3307和DTA-6对大豆不同冠层叶片光合特性及产量的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536447260156097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=5, pageStart=55, pageEnd=58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=牛银亭, 陈培育, 鞠乐, journalName=大麦与谷类科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=牛银亭, 陈培育, 鞠乐, . 喷施烯效唑对谷子株高和产量的影响. 大麦与谷类科学, 2022, 39(5):55-58., articleTitle=喷施烯效唑对谷子株高和产量的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536447599894727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=46, issue=3, pageStart=218, pageEnd=222, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=周一凡, 隋晓青, 李浩天, journalName=新疆农业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周一凡, 隋晓青, 李浩天, . 不同时期喷施烯效唑对紫花苜蓿农艺性状及种子产量的影响. 新疆农业大学学报, 2023, 46(3):218-222., articleTitle=不同时期喷施烯效唑对紫花苜蓿农艺性状及种子产量的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536447948021963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=49, issue=6, pageStart=52, pageEnd=60, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=胡振阳, 程宏, 卢臣, journalName=江苏农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡振阳, 程宏, 卢臣, . 施氮量和植物生长调节剂对优质稻抗倒能力及产量的调控效应. 江苏农业科学, 2021, 49(6):52-60., articleTitle=施氮量和植物生长调节剂对优质稻抗倒能力及产量的调控效应, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1256536422840918973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, awardId=CARS-14-2-28, language=CN, fundingSource=国家特色油料产业技术体系项目(CARS-14-2-28), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1256536424170513346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=胡麻生态高效种植技术研发与示范项目, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1256536364150022569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256536364212937130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, companyId=1256536364150022569, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences / Ningxia Dry-Farming Agricultural Engineering Technology Research Center, Guyuan 756000, Ningxia, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256536364254880173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, companyId=1256536364150022569, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=宁夏农林科学院固原分院/宁夏旱作农业工程技术研究中心, 756000, 宁夏固原)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1256536401567408945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effects of different treatments on flax yield

Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 level among different treatments. The same below.

, figureFileSmall=DiM2Zhe3oC5QjAa2kC+4tg==, figureFileBig=l7oPVmokr7MM1uuNQ4m4xA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536402381103932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同处理对胡麻产量的影响

不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P < 0.05水平差异显著。下同。

, figureFileSmall=DiM2Zhe3oC5QjAa2kC+4tg==, figureFileBig=l7oPVmokr7MM1uuNQ4m4xA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536407351354206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effects of different treatments on the bending resistance of flax stalk, figureFileSmall=rip1I3T5nJtr9xSmkwRKtw==, figureFileBig=l4P4GQdzhfyQ+XiCJE6feA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536409935045484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同处理对胡麻茎秆抗折力的影响, figureFileSmall=rip1I3T5nJtr9xSmkwRKtw==, figureFileBig=l4P4GQdzhfyQ+XiCJE6feA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536410664854384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of different treatments on the lodging index of flax, figureFileSmall=BMR6enrZTXg0cC2qrjGAqA==, figureFileBig=uHa0O5jDKYlRaJlMWns2TQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536412552291195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同处理对胡麻倒伏指数的影响, figureFileSmall=BMR6enrZTXg0cC2qrjGAqA==, figureFileBig=uHa0O5jDKYlRaJlMWns2TQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536414435533701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Correlation between yield and lodging resistance indexes, agronomic traits and stem traits

FW: fresh weight; CW: crown weight; PH: plant height; CGH: center of gravity height; BR: bending resistance; SD: stem diameter; SWT: stem wall thickness; DW: dry weight; LI: lodging index; Y: yield; EBN: effective branch number; ECPP: effective capsules per plant; RL: root length; RD: root thickness; SPC: seeds per capsule; SPY: single plant yield; GW: 1000-grain weight.

, figureFileSmall=3O4GIxWW3RTsrNSwYqReqQ==, figureFileBig=esa1TRlAA80C4Wnu7WyeGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536416000009102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=CN, label=图4, caption=抗倒伏指标、农艺性状、茎秆性状与产量的相关性

FW:鲜重;CW:冠重;PH:株高;CGH:重心高度;BR:抗折力;SD:茎粗;SWT:茎壁厚度;DW:干重;LI:倒伏指数;Y:产量;EBN:有效分枝数;ECPP:单株有效结果数;RL:根长;RD:根粗;NGPF:每果粒数;SPY:单株产量;GW:千粒重。

, figureFileSmall=3O4GIxWW3RTsrNSwYqReqQ==, figureFileBig=esa1TRlAA80C4Wnu7WyeGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536417430266774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Effects of different treatments on the agronomic traits of flax

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理
Treatment
有效分枝数
Effective
branch number
单株有效结果数
Effective capsules
per plant
根长
Root length
(cm)
根粗
Root diameter
(mm)
每果粒数
Seeds per
capsule
单株产量
Single plant yield
(g)
千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)
X1 7.08±0.77abc 12.15±1.98bc 10.42±0.51a 2.64±0.21ab 7.70±1.25bc 0.78±0.22bc 7.41±0.09a
X2 7.63±0.61ab 15.28±0.72ab 10.49±1.21a 2.52±0.01b 8.03±0.35abc 0.85±0.04ab 7.45±0.24a
X3 7.14±0.21ab 14.09±0.59bc 10.89±0.63a 2.72±0.25ab 8.23±0.78abc 0.77±0.04bc 7.44±0.15a
D1 6.95±0.72bc 13.06±3.61bc 11.23±0.87a 2.60±0.55b 8.53±0.50abc 0.68±0.19bc 6.07±2.02b
D2 7.47±0.51ab 14.68±0.79b 10.09±0.91a 2.74±0.11ab 7.63±0.55c 0.80±0.06bc 7.41±0.12a
D3 7.07±0.39abc 13.05±0.47bc 10.67±0.57a 2.54±0.09b 8.53±0.42abc 0.71±0.03bc 7.29±0.08a
A1 6.20±0.59c 11.10±2.67c 10.76±1.21a 2.55±0.21b 8.53±0.55abc 0.63±0.17c 7.53±0.14a
A2 7.84±0.27a 18.11±1.44a 10.54±0.26a 3.01±0.07a 8.70±0.61ab 1.04±0.10a 7.56±0.18a
A3 7.20±0.71ab 15.00±2.13ab 10.69±0.98a 2.82±0.17ab 8.50±0.35abc 0.83±0.14bc 7.44±0.10a
CK 7.02±0.40abc 12.93±2.05bc 10.53±0.50a 2.71±0.24ab 8.80±0.35a 0.72±0.11bc 7.42±0.07a
), ArticleFig(id=1256536419456115615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同处理对胡麻农艺性状的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理
Treatment
有效分枝数
Effective
branch number
单株有效结果数
Effective capsules
per plant
根长
Root length
(cm)
根粗
Root diameter
(mm)
每果粒数
Seeds per
capsule
单株产量
Single plant yield
(g)
千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)
X1 7.08±0.77abc 12.15±1.98bc 10.42±0.51a 2.64±0.21ab 7.70±1.25bc 0.78±0.22bc 7.41±0.09a
X2 7.63±0.61ab 15.28±0.72ab 10.49±1.21a 2.52±0.01b 8.03±0.35abc 0.85±0.04ab 7.45±0.24a
X3 7.14±0.21ab 14.09±0.59bc 10.89±0.63a 2.72±0.25ab 8.23±0.78abc 0.77±0.04bc 7.44±0.15a
D1 6.95±0.72bc 13.06±3.61bc 11.23±0.87a 2.60±0.55b 8.53±0.50abc 0.68±0.19bc 6.07±2.02b
D2 7.47±0.51ab 14.68±0.79b 10.09±0.91a 2.74±0.11ab 7.63±0.55c 0.80±0.06bc 7.41±0.12a
D3 7.07±0.39abc 13.05±0.47bc 10.67±0.57a 2.54±0.09b 8.53±0.42abc 0.71±0.03bc 7.29±0.08a
A1 6.20±0.59c 11.10±2.67c 10.76±1.21a 2.55±0.21b 8.53±0.55abc 0.63±0.17c 7.53±0.14a
A2 7.84±0.27a 18.11±1.44a 10.54±0.26a 3.01±0.07a 8.70±0.61ab 1.04±0.10a 7.56±0.18a
A3 7.20±0.71ab 15.00±2.13ab 10.69±0.98a 2.82±0.17ab 8.50±0.35abc 0.83±0.14bc 7.44±0.10a
CK 7.02±0.40abc 12.93±2.05bc 10.53±0.50a 2.71±0.24ab 8.80±0.35a 0.72±0.11bc 7.42±0.07a
), ArticleFig(id=1256536420286587818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Effects of different treatments on main traits of flax stalk

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理
Treatment
株高
Plant height
(cm)
重心高度
Center of gravity
height (cm)
鲜重
Fresh weight
(g)
冠重
Crown weight
(g)
茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)
茎壁厚度
Stem wall
thickness (mm)
干重
Dry weight
(g)
X1 45.31±2.92e 31.50±1.93bc 5.97±0.54ab 3.38±0.37abc 2.24±0.10ab 0.37±0.04bc 1.59±0.10ab
X2 47.22±1.45cde 33.14±0.80abc 6.00±0.92ab 3.41±0.72abc 2.24±0.19ab 0.37±0.01bc 1.48±0.21abc
X3 45.29±2.77e 31.30±2.51c 5.71±0.71abc 3.24±0.40abc 2.29±0.14ab 0.39±0.02bc 1.33±0.20bcde
D1 47.04±1.07cde 33.90±1.05abc 5.38±0.69bc 3.13±0.42abc 2.34±0.14ab 0.42±0.02b 1.32±0.19cde
D2 49.50±1.90abc 34.72±1.06ab 6.73±0.19a 3.91±0.14a 2.49±0.11a 0.49±0.05a 1.53±0.06abc
D3 45.91±1.75de 32.53±2.22abc 4.57±0.94c 2.58±0.75c 2.40±0.38ab 0.39±0.02bc 1.08±0.27e
A1 48.68±0.94bcd 33.47±1.58abc 4.85±1.05bc 2.63±0.73c 2.26±0.14ab 0.35±0.02c 1.17±0.25de
A2 51.14±0.63ab 34.66±0.74ab 5.71±0.51abc 3.24±0.39abc 2.38±0.15ab 0.39±0.05bc 1.38±0.12abcd
A3 49.37±2.25abc 33.77±2.39abc 5.08±0.10bc 2.92±0.18bc 2.45±0.09ab 0.38±0.02bc 1.32±0.10bcde
CK 52.44±1.61a 34.91±0.77a 6.76±0.66a 3.73±0.34ab 2.12±0.05b 0.37±0.03bc 1.60±0.09a
), ArticleFig(id=1256536421163197362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536353731371329, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同处理对胡麻茎秆主要性状的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处理
Treatment
株高
Plant height
(cm)
重心高度
Center of gravity
height (cm)
鲜重
Fresh weight
(g)
冠重
Crown weight
(g)
茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)
茎壁厚度
Stem wall
thickness (mm)
干重
Dry weight
(g)
X1 45.31±2.92e 31.50±1.93bc 5.97±0.54ab 3.38±0.37abc 2.24±0.10ab 0.37±0.04bc 1.59±0.10ab
X2 47.22±1.45cde 33.14±0.80abc 6.00±0.92ab 3.41±0.72abc 2.24±0.19ab 0.37±0.01bc 1.48±0.21abc
X3 45.29±2.77e 31.30±2.51c 5.71±0.71abc 3.24±0.40abc 2.29±0.14ab 0.39±0.02bc 1.33±0.20bcde
D1 47.04±1.07cde 33.90±1.05abc 5.38±0.69bc 3.13±0.42abc 2.34±0.14ab 0.42±0.02b 1.32±0.19cde
D2 49.50±1.90abc 34.72±1.06ab 6.73±0.19a 3.91±0.14a 2.49±0.11a 0.49±0.05a 1.53±0.06abc
D3 45.91±1.75de 32.53±2.22abc 4.57±0.94c 2.58±0.75c 2.40±0.38ab 0.39±0.02bc 1.08±0.27e
A1 48.68±0.94bcd 33.47±1.58abc 4.85±1.05bc 2.63±0.73c 2.26±0.14ab 0.35±0.02c 1.17±0.25de
A2 51.14±0.63ab 34.66±0.74ab 5.71±0.51abc 3.24±0.39abc 2.38±0.15ab 0.39±0.05bc 1.38±0.12abcd
A3 49.37±2.25abc 33.77±2.39abc 5.08±0.10bc 2.92±0.18bc 2.45±0.09ab 0.38±0.02bc 1.32±0.10bcde
CK 52.44±1.61a 34.91±0.77a 6.76±0.66a 3.73±0.34ab 2.12±0.05b 0.37±0.03bc 1.60±0.09a
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不同植物生长调节剂对胡麻抗倒性及产量的影响
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杨治伟 , 曹秀霞 , 钱爱萍 , 张炜 , 刘倩
作物杂志 | 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 2026,42(2): 143-148
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作物杂志 | 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 2026, 42(2): 143-148
不同植物生长调节剂对胡麻抗倒性及产量的影响
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杨治伟 , 曹秀霞 , 钱爱萍, 张炜, 刘倩
作者信息
  • 宁夏农林科学院固原分院/宁夏旱作农业工程技术研究中心, 756000, 宁夏固原
  • 杨治伟,主要从事胡麻育种与栽培技术研究,E-mail:

通讯作者:

曹秀霞,主要从事胡麻育种及栽培技术研究,E-mail:
Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Lodging Resistance and Yield of Flax
Zhiwei Yang , Xiuxia Cao , Aiping Qian, Wei Zhang, Qian Liu
Affiliations
  • Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences / Ningxia Dry-Farming Agricultural Engineering Technology Research Center, Guyuan 756000, Ningxia, China
出版时间: 2026-04-15 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.017
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为筛选胡麻生产中适宜的生长调节剂,增强胡麻抗倒伏性和提高产量,设计不同水平多效唑[975(D1)、1125(D2)、1275 g/hm2(D3)]、烯效唑[750(X1)、900(X2)、1050 g/hm2(X3)]和矮壮素[1200(A1)、1800(A2)、2400 mL/hm2(A3)]处理,以清水为对照(CK)研究了各水平胡麻植株生长发育、抗倒伏性和种子产量及其相关性状的变化。结果表明:喷施3种植物生长调节剂对胡麻的主要农艺性状均有影响。与CK相比,D1处理的有效分枝数降低,A1处理的有效分枝数和单株有效结果数均低于CK;根长各处理间差异不显著,A2处理根粗较CK明显升高,各处理的每果粒数较CK均有所降低,单株产量X2和A2处理较CK明显提高,千粒重D1处理较CK显著降低;X3处理的株高和重心高度降幅最大,分别为13.63%和10.34%;各处理茎粗较CK处理均有所增加,D2处理增加幅度最大,为17.5%;各处理间产量与CK差异不显著;A2处理的茎秆抗折力较CK显著增强,其余处理较对照无显著差异。各处理倒伏指数较CK均有所下降,除D1和D2处理,其余处理均差异显著。相关性分析表明:与单株产量相关性较大的为单株有效结果数、有效分枝数、抗折力和根粗,与倒伏指数相关性较大的为鲜重和冠重。通过综合分析,烯效唑优于矮壮素,矮壮素优于多效唑,烯效唑900 g/hm2在胡麻生产中效果较好。

胡麻  /  植物生长调节剂  /  倒伏指数  /  抗折力

To identify suitable plant growth regulators in flax production, enhance lodging resistance and increase yield, different levels of paclobutrazol [975 (D1), 1125 (D2), 1275 g/ha (D3)], uniconazole [750 (X1), 900 (X2), 1050 g/ha (X3)] and chlormequat [1200 (A1), 1800 (A2), 2400 mL/ha (A3)] were applied. The changes of plant growth and development, lodging resistance, seed yield and related traits of flax at different levels were studied with clear water as control (CK). The results showed that spraying three plant growth regulators affected the main agronomic traits of flax. Compared with CK, the number of effective branches of D1 treatment decreased, and the number of effective branches and the number of effective capsules per plant of A1 treatment were lower than those of CK. There was no significant difference in root length among the treatments. The root diameter of A2 treatment was significantly higher than that of CK, and the number of seeds per capsule of each treatment was lower than that of CK. The yield per plant of X2 and A2 treatments was significantly higher than that of CK, and the 1000-grain weight of D1 treatment was significantly lower than that of CK. The plant height and center of gravity height of X3 treatment decreased the most, which were 13.63% and 10.34%, respectively. The stem diameter of each treatment was increased compared with CK, and the D2 treatment increased the most, which was 17.5%. There was no significant difference in yield between any treatment and CK. The stem breaking resistance of A2 treatment was significantly higher than that of CK, and there was no significant difference between the other treatments and the control. The lodging index of each treatment was lower than that of CK, except for D1 and D2 treatments, the other treatments were significantly different.The correlation analysis showed that the effective number of capsules per plant, effective branch number, breaking resistance and root diameter were significantly correlated with the yield per plant, and the fresh weight and crown weight were significantly correlated with the lodging index. Through comprehensive analysis, uniconazole was better than chlormequat, chlormequat was better than paclobutrazol, and uniconazole 900 g/ha had better effect in flax production.

Flax  /  Plant growth regulator  /  Lodging index  /  Bending resistance
杨治伟, 曹秀霞, 钱爱萍, 张炜, 刘倩. 不同植物生长调节剂对胡麻抗倒性及产量的影响. 作物杂志, 2026 , 42 (2) : 143 -148 . DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.017
Zhiwei Yang, Xiuxia Cao, Aiping Qian, Wei Zhang, Qian Liu. Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Lodging Resistance and Yield of Flax[J]. Crops, 2026 , 42 (2) : 143 -148 . DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.017
胡麻(Linum usitatissimum L.),又称油用亚麻,主要分布在华北和西北高寒干旱地区,宁夏主要种植在南部山区和中部干旱带,人均种植面积和产量均居全国第一,是全国六大胡麻主产区之一[1]。倒伏是制约胡麻高产的重要因素之一[2],胡麻倒伏一般发生在开花期以后,此时正值胡麻生殖生长阶段,由于干物质逐渐积累和蒴果膨大,如遇阴雨大风天气极易发生大面积倒伏。倒伏不仅会影响胡麻的机械化收割,降低生产效率,还会使得胡麻贪青晚熟,造成大面积减产及品质下降[3-4]。因此,选育抗倒伏品种和筛选降低胡麻倒伏的生长调节剂对胡麻大规模生产具有重要意义。
目前,已有许多关于控制胡麻倒伏方法的研究报道[5-7]。如控制种植密度、调整施肥种类及比例、进行打顶和抑芽操作以及使用植物生长调节剂等处理方式,能够有效降低胡麻的倒伏率。植物生长调节剂通过抑制植物体内的赤霉素合成或促进乙烯的释放,改变内源激素的合成,从而降低植株高度和倒伏率[8]。烯效唑、多效唑和矮壮素是常用植物生长调节剂,在燕麦[9-10]、藜麦[11-12]、甜高粱[13]、水稻[14]、向日葵[15]和油菜[16]等多种作物上被广泛应用。研究[17]表明,植物生长调节剂有利于延长叶片功能期,增加籽粒千粒重,从而提高籽粒产量。陈军等[18]和王耀等[19]研究表明,在胡麻现蕾期和盛花期喷施生长调节剂均可明显降低胡麻的株高和重心高度,明显增加茎粗;杨崇庆等[20]研究表明,现蕾期胡麻对烯效唑反应最敏感,喷施1次对胡麻株高和一级分枝的降幅最为显著;郭媛等[21]研究表明,苗期和快速生长期喷施不同浓度的多效唑可明显降低亚麻株高和工艺长度。目前,关于矮壮素对胡麻农艺性状、产量和倒伏影响的研究鲜见报道,同时,也缺乏烯效唑、矮壮素和多效唑在胡麻生产应用中的比较研究。为此,本试验通过喷施不同剂量的植物生长调节剂(烯效唑、多效唑及矮壮素),探究其对胡麻的农艺性状、抗倒伏能力、产量及其相关性状等指标产生的影响。确定胡麻生产中适宜的生长调节剂种类及用量,增强胡麻的抗倒伏性,提高产量,以期为宁南山区胡麻生产提供技术参考。
以宁夏固原大面积推广的胡麻品种宁亚21号为试验材料,采用单因素随机区组试验,选取多效唑(D)、烯效唑(X)和矮壮素(A)3种植物生长调节剂进行试验,设置多效唑975(D1)、1125(D2)、1275 g/hm2(D3),烯效唑750(X1)、900(X2)、1050 g/hm2(X3),矮壮素1200(A1)、1800(A2)和2400 mL/hm2(A3)处理,以清水为对照(CK),共计10个处理,3次重复,总计33个小区。小区面积12.6 m2(1.8 m×7 m)。于2022年3月下旬人工播种,种植密度约750万/hm2。于现蕾期喷施不同植物生长调节剂,均采用叶面喷施,以叶面湿润但不流液珠为宜,喷药时每个小区间用塑料布遮挡,防止在喷施过程中雾液飞移影响其他小区。田间管理与大田管理相同。
收获前每个小区取样30株进行考种,主茎上着生的分枝为有效分枝数;单株所有的蒴果总数为单株有效结果数;根长以子叶节为起点,以直尺沿着根量至根尖为根长;根粗用游标卡尺测量子叶节至出生侧根之间最粗处的直径;随机摘取20个正常的蒴果,计算平均种子数,即为每果粒数;考种的单株分别脱粒称重,求取平均值即为单株产量;随机取样2份称重,取平均值即为千粒重。收获后按小区单独收获脱粒,计算小区种子产量。
在青果期每个小区取长势均匀的胡麻30株,株高以茎秆基部为起点,以直尺沿着主茎量至植株顶部(生长点)为株高;将植株从茎秆基部齐地面处剪断,以茎秆基部至茎秆平衡点距离为重心高度。用电子游标卡尺测定茎秆子叶节以上5 cm处的茎粗和茎壁厚度。用电子天平称量鲜重、干重和冠重。
在青果期每个小区取长势均匀的胡麻30株,用YYD-1型茎秆强度仪(浙江托普云农科技有限公司)测定茎秆抗折力,将茎秆放在仪器的支架上,茎秆10 cm以上位置与仪器的中点对齐,两支点间的间距为2 cm,向茎秆中间施加压力,使茎秆折断,此时读取仪器最大读数(N)。
倒伏指数=(重心高度×鲜重)/茎秆抗折力。
采用Microsoft Excel 2007对数据进行初步整理;采用DPS对试验数据进行分析,采用Origin 22作图。
表1可知,喷施3种植物生长调节剂对胡麻的农艺性状均有影响。与CK处理相比,D1和A1处理的有效分枝数低于CK处理,其余处理的均有所增加;A1处理较CK处理单株有效结果数有所降低,X2、D2、A2和A3处理则明显提高;各处理间根长差异不显著;A2处理较CK处理根粗明显升高,X2、D1、D3和A1处理则有所降低;各处理的每果粒数较CK处理均有所降低;X2和A2处理较CK处理单株产量明显提高,A1处理较CK处理则明显降低,其余处理间差异不显著;D1处理千粒重较CK处理显著降低,其余处理间差异不显著。
表2可知,喷施3种植物生长调节剂对胡麻的茎秆性状均有影响。各处理的株高、重心高度和干重均低于CK处理;与CK处理相比,X3处理的株高和重心高度均显著降低,分别为13.63%和10.34%,其次为X1处理;D2处理的冠重较CK处理有所增加,其余处理均降低,D3和A1处理降低幅度最大;各处理茎粗较CK处理均有所增加,D2处理增加幅度最大,为17.5%;各处理干重与CK处理相比均有所降低,D3处理降低幅度最大,为32.5%。
图1可知,X2处理的产量较CK处理提高6.5%;各处理间产量与CK处理差异不显著。由此说明,喷施适量浓度的烯效唑可以提高胡麻产量。
图2可知,不同处理对胡麻茎秆的抗折力均有影响,其中A2处理的茎秆抗折力较CK处理显著增强,其余处理与CK无显著差异。由此说明,喷施适宜浓度的植物生长调节剂能有效提高胡麻植株的抗倒伏能力。
图3可知,9个处理倒伏指数较CK处理均有所下降,除D1和D2处理,其余处理间差异显著。
胡麻各处理的抗倒伏指标和产量等性状的相关性分析结果(图4)表明,与单株产量相关性较大的为单株有效结果数、有效分枝数、抗折力和根粗,说明单株有效结果数、有效分枝数和抗折力是影响胡麻产量的主要因素之一;与倒伏指数相关性较大的为鲜重和冠重,说明本研究中鲜重和冠重是决定胡麻抗倒伏能力的重要因素。
农艺性状是作物在适应不同环境过程中所表现出来的性状,受环境变化较大。研究[22]表明,作物株高、茎粗和茎壁厚度等农艺性状与作物抗倒伏性密切相关。倒伏是作物受内外因素影响而发生折断、弯曲或无法恢复正常直立生长状态的现象[23]。倒伏指数和抗折力是评价植株抗倒伏能力的有效指标,倒伏指数越高说明植株抗倒能力越弱,抗折力越强则植株抗倒能力越强[11]。作物在生长过程中可通过化控措施预防倒伏。
本研究表明,喷施烯效唑可降低胡麻的株高和重心高度,增加茎粗,与杨崇庆等[20]的研究结果一致;喷施多效唑降低了胡麻的株高和重心高度,增加茎粗,与王耀等[19]和郭媛等[21]的研究结果一致;喷施矮壮素可以降低株高和重心高度,增加茎粗,与闫锋等[24]在谷子和李志华等[25]在糜子中的研究结果一致,说明利用外源植物生长调节剂矮壮素、烯效唑和多效唑均能有效调控作物茎秆的形态特征。茎秆是植株抗压力的主要承载部位,其抗压强度直接影响作物的抗倒伏性能[26],本研究表明多效唑D1(12.5N)和D3(11.61N)处理的抗折力均低于CK(13.42N),其余处理较CK处理均有所提高,表明喷施适宜浓度的烯效唑和矮壮素能提高胡麻茎秆的抗折力,从而提高胡麻植株的抗倒伏能力,这与陈晓光等[27]和耿小丽等[9]的研究结果一致。本研究中不同浓度多效唑对茎秆抗折力的影响不同,而吴海洋等[28]研究表明多效唑能够显著提高万象优华占基部节间茎秆的抗折力,鱼冰星等[29]在谷子中的研究结果表明随多效唑喷施时期的推移,茎秆抗折力渐减,抗倒性逐渐减弱。由此说明,多效唑的喷施时期对茎秆抗折力的影响也不同,在胡麻中有待进一步研究,筛选出多效唑的最优喷施时期。
胡麻籽粒产量主要由有效分枝数、单株有效结果数、每果粒数及千粒重等因子构成。研究[30-33]表明,在作物生长的适宜时期喷施适量浓度的烯效唑、多效唑和矮壮素,可提高作物种子的有效分枝数、千粒重和产量,如果浓度过高或过低,就会导致作物减产。本研究中,D1和A1处理的有效分枝数低于CK处理,其余处理高于CK处理;而X2处理与其他处理相比较,产量增加幅度最大,说明只有喷施适量浓度烯效唑可以提高胡麻的产量,如果浓度过低或过高就会引起作物减产,这种现象在谷子[34]、水稻[32]、苜蓿[35]和燕麦[9]等作物中同样存在。研究[36]表明,喷施植物生长调节剂能提高植株抗倒伏能力,降低植株倒伏率,实现作物稳产,故3种植物生长调节剂可用于胡麻生产。
本研究明确了3种植物生长调节剂在胡麻生产中的作用效果,筛选出效果最好的为烯效唑900 g/hm2处理,但施用时期与施用效果也有较大关系,不同生长调节剂的最佳施用时期还需进一步研究。
烯效唑、多效唑和矮壮素3种植物生长调节剂在适宜的浓度下可以降低胡麻株高、增加茎粗、提高抗折力和抗倒伏能力;喷施适量浓度的烯效唑也可以提高胡麻的产量。通过综合分析,烯效唑优于矮壮素,矮壮素优于多效唑,其中烯效唑900 g/hm2在胡麻生产中效果较好,产量较对照显著提高6%。
  • 国家特色油料产业技术体系项目(CARS-14-2-28)
  • 胡麻生态高效种植技术研发与示范项目
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2026年第42卷第2期
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doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.017
  • 接收时间:2024-11-25
  • 首发时间:2026-04-30
  • 出版时间:2026-04-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-25
  • 修回日期:2025-03-04
基金
国家特色油料产业技术体系项目(CARS-14-2-28)
胡麻生态高效种植技术研发与示范项目
作者信息
    宁夏农林科学院固原分院/宁夏旱作农业工程技术研究中心, 756000, 宁夏固原

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曹秀霞,主要从事胡麻育种及栽培技术研究,E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zwzz/CN/10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.017
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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