Article(id=1256536350472454457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256536349243523385, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=1, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1733673600000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-09, revisedDate=1737043200000, revisedDateStr=2025-01-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1777511211268, onlineDateStr=2026-04-30, pubDate=1776182400000, pubDateStr=2026-04-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1777511211268, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1777511211268, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1781587372514, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1256536349243523385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, year='2026', volume='42', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='264', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1777511210976, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1777511532015, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1256537695891874281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256536349243523385, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1256537695891874282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256536349243523385, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1, endPage=11, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1256536352594772285, articleId=1256536350472454457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, language=EN, title=Analysis of Color Traits and Related Gene Composition in Wheat Flour and Fresh Noodle Sheet, columnId=null, journalTitle=Crops, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The whiteness (WI) of wheat flour and its products is a key indicator influencing the commercial quality of wheat. Using 94 wheat varieties as experimental materials, the differences in flour WI and its products among different varieties and their influencing factors were investigated. The results showed significant differences in WI among wheat varieties, while the correlation analysis of flour and fresh noodle sheet color from the same material showed the same performance. Flour WI was highly significantly negatively correlated with grain hardness, grain protein content, wet gluten content, dough development time, and stability time; significantly negatively correlated with trough viscosity, final viscosity, and setback value; and positively correlated with gluten index, breakdown, and pasting temperature. Grain hardness, grain protein content, sedimentation value, pasting temperature, and breakdown accounted for 80.9% of the variation in flour WI. Gluten index, sedimentation value, pasting temperature, and breakdown had significant positive effects on flour WI, while grain protein content and grain hardness exerted significant negative effects. The negative correlation between flour WI and hardness was the strongest (r = -0.83), indicating that hardness is the key factor affecting wheat WI and color. The WI and color of flour and fresh noodle sheets from soft wheat were generally higher than those from hard wheat. The distribution frequencies of variation loci of quality-related genes, namely Pinb-D1b, Pina-D1b, Ppo-A1b, Ppo-D1a, TaPod-A1b, Lox-B1a, Psy-A1b, Psy-B1a/b, Psy-D1a, TaPds-B1b, TaZds-A1a, and TaLyc-B1b, were 54.7%, 2.2%, 21.3%, 3.9%, 8.0%, 0.0%, 0.0%, 98.9%, 96.6%, 78.5%, 5.3%, and 53.8%, respectively. Thirteen high-WI soft wheat varieties, such as Yangmai 15, Yangmai 25, Chuanmai 93, Mianmai 902, and Yangmai 45, and high-WI hard wheat varieties, such as Zhoumai 36, Huaimai 33, Yangfumai 15, and Ningmaizi 218, were screened. The WI of high-WI soft wheat varieties was higher than that of hard wheat, and the ratio of superior color gene allelic variations in these varieties was higher than that of the overall materials. By strengthening the utilization of elite parents while emphasizing the pyramiding of superior color genes and the screening of related phenotypes, the WI and color of wheat varieties can be gradually improved.

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小麦面粉及面制品白度是影响小麦商品品质的重要指标,以94份小麦品种为试验材料,研究不同品种小麦面粉及面制品白度的差异及其影响因素。结果表明,小麦品种间白度差异显著,但同一材料的面粉和鲜面片色泽相关性分析表现一致;面粉白度与籽粒硬度、籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、面团形成时间和稳定时间呈极显著负相关,与低谷黏度、最终黏度和回生值呈显著负相关,与面筋指数、稀懈值和糊化温度正相关;籽粒硬度、籽粒蛋白质含量、沉降值、糊化温度和稀懈值可解释面粉白度80.9%的变异,面筋指数、沉降值、糊化温度和稀懈值对面粉白度产生显著正向影响,籽粒蛋白质含量和籽粒硬度对面粉白度产生显著负向影响。面粉白度与硬度的负相关性最强(r = -0.83),硬度是影响小麦白度色泽的关键因素,软质小麦的面粉和鲜面片白度色泽整体高于硬质小麦。品质相关基因的变异位点Pinb-D1bPina-D1bPpo-A1bPpo-D1aTaPod-A1bLox-B1aPsy-A1bPsy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaPds-B1bTaZds-A1aTaLyc-B1b分布频率分别为54.7%、2.2%、21.3%、3.9%、8.0%、0.0%、0.0%、98.9%、96.6%、78.5%、5.3%和53.8%。筛选出扬麦15、扬麦25、川麦93、绵麦902和扬麦45等13个高白度软质小麦品种,以及周麦36、淮麦33、扬辐麦15和宁麦资218等高白度硬质小麦品种。高白度软质小麦品种白度均高于硬质小麦,且其优异色泽基因等位变异的比率高于整体材料。通过加强优良亲本的利用同时注重色泽优异基因的聚合和相关表型的筛选,可逐步改良小麦品种的白度色泽。

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高德荣,研究方向为小麦品质遗传育种,E-mail:
张晓为共同通信作者,研究方向为小麦品质遗传育种,E-mail:
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袁博,主要从事小麦品质育种研究,E-mail:

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袁博,主要从事小麦品质育种研究,E-mail:

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袁博,主要从事小麦品质育种研究,E-mail:

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34(3):75-79., articleTitle=不同筋力面筋蛋白对小麦淀粉糊化特性的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536484203643345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=31, issue=4, pageStart=780, pageEnd=785, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=43, authorNames=陈锋, 左爱辉, 崔党群, journalName=麦类作物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈锋, 左爱辉, 崔党群. 小麦籽粒多酚氧化酶及其控制基因研究进展. 麦类作物学报, 2011, 31(4):780-785., articleTitle=小麦籽粒多酚氧化酶及其控制基因研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536484627268053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=31, issue=1, pageStart=7, pageEnd=10, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[45], rfOrder=44, authorNames=张立平, 葛秀秀, 何中虎, journalName=作物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张立平, 葛秀秀, 何中虎, . 普通小麦多酚氧化酶活性的QTL分析. 作物学报, 2005, 31(1):7-10., articleTitle=普通小麦多酚氧化酶活性的QTL分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536486233686486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=210, issue=2, pageStart=15, pageEnd=18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[46], rfOrder=45, authorNames=辛庆国, 王江春, 殷岩, journalName=山东农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=辛庆国, 王江春, 殷岩, . 高白度小麦遗传育种研究进展. 山东农业科学, 2009, 210(2):15-18., articleTitle=高白度小麦遗传育种研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536486443401691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=41, issue=1, pageStart=72, pageEnd=79, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[47], rfOrder=46, authorNames=相吉山, 穆培源, 桑伟, journalName=作物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=相吉山, 穆培源, 桑伟, . 新疆小麦Psy-A1Ppo-A1Ppo-D1TaLox-B1等位变异对面粉色泽的影响. 作物学报, 2015, 41(1):72-79., articleTitle=新疆小麦Psy-A1Ppo-A1Ppo-D1TaLox-B1等位变异对面粉色泽的影响, refAbstract=null)], 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tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536419259040673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Cluster analysis of WI and brightness of flour and fresh noodle sheet of 94 wheat materials, figureFileSmall=KkWHpfzVtZSz7titPx4IMw==, figureFileBig=6hh2sRFRcFeWCTVrIMFVSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536421683348405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=CN, label=图2, caption=94份小麦材料面粉和鲜面片的白度及亮度聚类分析, figureFileSmall=KkWHpfzVtZSz7titPx4IMw==, figureFileBig=6hh2sRFRcFeWCTVrIMFVSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536422589318085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Correlation between flour and fresh noodle sheet color of 94 wheat materials

“*”and“**”indicate significant correlation at P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 levels, respectively.

, figureFileSmall=+P7Cl1JjpsUOr4ozGBW4LA==, figureFileBig=EIS1O80VDGDRr4Kk9UZ0Kg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536425042985934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=CN, label=图3, caption=94份小麦材料面粉和鲜面片色泽的相关性分析

“*”和“**”分别表示在P < 0.05和P < 0.01水平显著相关。

, figureFileSmall=+P7Cl1JjpsUOr4ozGBW4LA==, figureFileBig=EIS1O80VDGDRr4Kk9UZ0Kg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536425940567002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Correlation analysis of wheat flour color and quality index

GPC: grain protein content; TGW: 1000-grain weight; GH: grain hardness; WGC: wet gluten content; GI: gluten index; SV: sedimentation value; WAR: water absorption rate; DDT: dough development time; ST: stability time; PV: peak viscosity; TV: trough viscosity; BD: breakdown; FV: final viscosity; SD: setback; PT: peak time; PaT: pasting temperature.

, figureFileSmall=oDOpQS4p8IF72yd52VDQdQ==, figureFileBig=aJe5y8WOg+Y97Ufb9t+plg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536427286938600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=CN, label=图4, caption=小麦面粉色泽与品质指标的相关性分析

GPC:籽粒蛋白质含量;TGW:千粒重;GH:籽粒硬度;WGC:湿面筋含量;GI:面筋指数;SV:沉降值;WAR:吸水率;DDT:面团形成时间;ST:稳定时间;PV:峰值黏度;TV:低谷黏度;BD:稀懈值;FV:最终黏度;SD:回生值;PT:峰值时间;PaT:糊化温度。

, figureFileSmall=oDOpQS4p8IF72yd52VDQdQ==, figureFileBig=aJe5y8WOg+Y97Ufb9t+plg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536429346341871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The distribution of flour WI of 94 wheat materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
面粉
白度
Flour WI
品种数
Number of
varieties
占比
Percentage
(%)
硬质类型
Hardness
type
粒色
Grain color
(0,60) 4 4.3 硬质 2白2红
[60,65) 44 46.8 38份硬质 9白35红
[65,70)
33
35.1
21份软质,
7份硬质
6白27红
[70,75) 13 13.8 软质 2白11红
), ArticleFig(id=1256536430919205886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

94份小麦材料的面粉白度分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
面粉
白度
Flour WI
品种数
Number of
varieties
占比
Percentage
(%)
硬质类型
Hardness
type
粒色
Grain color
(0,60) 4 4.3 硬质 2白2红
[60,65) 44 46.8 38份硬质 9白35红
[65,70)
33
35.1
21份软质,
7份硬质
6白27红
[70,75) 13 13.8 软质 2白11红
), ArticleFig(id=1256536433444175887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Color of flour and fresh noodle sheet of 94 wheat materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Code
品种
Variety
面粉Flour 鲜面片Fresh noodle sheet
WI L* a* b* WI L* a* b*
0 h 2 h 4 h 24 h 0 h 2 h 4 h 24 h 0 h 2 h 4 h 24 h 0 h 2 h 4 h 24 h
1 扬麦25 70.2 90.4 0.6 6.7 32.3 27.5 23.8 23.1 78.8 74.8 73.4 66.6 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.3 16.2 17.6 17.8 16.0
2 扬麦27 69.1 91.5 0.5 7.2 31.8 26.6 23.6 17.9 78.2 75.5 74.0 68.6 1.7 2.3 2.2 2.5 17.4 18.8 18.6 17.1
3 扬麦28 64.7 90.3 0.5 8.4 32.7 23.8 20.8 15.0 79.0 74.9 73.8 67.3 2.2 2.6 2.6 3.0 18.5 19.9 20.2 19.5
4 扬麦29 62.7 89.7 0.6 8.9 29.6 23.8 20.7 14.5 79.0 74.9 73.8 65.6 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.4 18.5 19.9 20.3 17.8
5 扬麦30 68.9 91.2 0.4 7.2 29.7 25.3 23.6 18.9 78.6 75.8 74.8 68.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.7 17.2 19.2 19.5 18.4
6 扬麦31 69.2 91.0 0.4 7.0 33.0 26.3 24.0 19.4 77.8 75.2 72.6 67.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.5 17.1 18.6 18.9 17.6
7 扬麦33 69.0 90.7 0.5 6.9 30.3 24.7 22.4 18.6 79.1 75.4 73.9 68.3 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.9 17.5 19.2 19.3 18.5
8 扬麦34 68.2 90.8 0.4 7.2 32.6 28.1 25.6 22.7 80.0 77.0 75.3 70.9 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.6 17.1 18.4 18.8 17.3
9 扬麦35 61.8 89.8 0.7 9.3 26.9 21.5 19.9 15.2 79.9 76.5 74.4 66.0 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.6 19.3 20.4 21.1 18.9
10 扬麦36 67.2 90.7 0.5 7.6 42.6 30.2 25.2 18.8 81.0 78.0 76.6 67.8 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.3 14.8 17.9 19.0 18.1
11 扬麦37 59.8 89.6 0.6 9.9 27.2 16.3 13.7 13.0 76.6 73.6 71.7 63.0 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.3 20.6 23.0 23.5 22.2
12 扬麦39 60.5 89.4 0.7 9.6 25.8 27.1 22.4 16.0 80.9 76.7 74.6 65.5 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.8 19.3 20.8 20.4 19.3
13 扬糯麦2号 64.4 90.3 0.6 8.5 28.1 23.5 26.1 21.2 80.0 79.6 75.8 66.3 2.0 2.3 2.7 2.8 15.5 19.3 18.9 18.2
14 宁麦29 67.5 90.8 0.6 7.5 25.1 19.1 19.4 18.3 76.0 73.0 71.3 62.5 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.2 18.0 19.8 20.5 17.6
15 宁麦33 66.1 90.6 0.4 8.0 26.9 21.6 19.8 17.2 78.0 74.2 72.9 64.9 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.6 17.7 20.6 21.0 18.3
16 宁麦34 63.1 89.7 0.5 8.8 30.4 24.5 20.6 17.7 79.3 74.3 71.2 64.2 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.5 17.6 19.2 19.8 17.4
17 镇麦16 63.1 89.7 0.5 8.8 34.1 24.0 20.7 19.2 80.6 75.5 72.9 66.4 1.7 2.2 2.2 2.3 17.5 19.3 19.9 18.0
18 镇麦18 63.5 90.1 0.6 8.8 34.4 24.7 20.1 17.9 79.9 76.3 72.4 65.2 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.4 17.5 19.3 20.0 18.2
19 扬辐麦13 63.3 90.0 0.5 8.8 30.0 23.9 20.4 19.0 79.9 76.3 73.5 67.1 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 18.3 19.6 19.9 18.3
20 扬辐麦15 65.8 90.2 0.6 7.9 28.9 25.0 21.6 18.8 79.1 74.8 72.3 65.0 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.4 16.8 19.0 19.1 17.3
21 扬辐麦16 63.4 89.7 0.6 8.6 31.4 25.6 21.0 20.3 79.3 75.6 73.3 69.6 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 18.4 18.9 19.5 19.1
22 盐麦1号 64.6 89.7 0.6 8.2 39.0 25.8 24.4 19.1 79.2 73.0 73.0 67.8 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.8 16.9 18.9 19.7 18.5
23 盐麦2号 64.0 89.7 0.6 8.4 38.5 25.4 21.9 20.1 79.0 73.0 71.3 67.8 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 16.6 18.8 19.4 18.0
24 苏麦0588 64.0 90.2 0.6 8.6 29.8 22.3 20.5 19.1 79.1 73.4 72.6 68.5 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.7 17.6 19.9 20.3 18.8
25 苏麦198 64.1 90.5 0.7 8.7 30.8 22.8 20.2 18.1 79.1 74.0 72.6 68.3 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.1 17.5 19.7 20.4 19.1
26 苏麦288 65.5 90.1 0.5 8.0 31.6 26.2 22.9 22.5 77.2 75.0 71.5 66.7 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.2 16.9 18.3 18.3 16.3
27 华麦10号 63.0 90.5 0.5 9.1 29.5 22.7 19.7 20.0 79.1 75.2 73.3 70.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 1.8 18.5 20.2 20.9 18.4
28 华麦11号 63.9 90.2 0.8 8.7 28.6 19.8 17.4 78.9 73.1 71.2 65.3 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.3 18.0 18.8 19.2 17.9
29 华麦12号 68.9 90.9 0.5 7.0 32.9 20.6 20.5 79.3 73.8 71.5 64.3 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8 18.1 18.5 19.4 17.1
30 华麦13号 67.2 90.5 0.6 7.5 33.5 17.5 16.9 78.8 72.9 71.4 65.0 2.4 2.7 2.9 3.6 14.8 18.5 19.6 18.5
31 华麦14号 71.1 92.1 0.5 6.7 35.1 23.4 21.8 78.1 74.1 72.4 68.1 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.3 15.9 17.7 18.4 17.2
32 华麦15号 69.2 91.6 0.5 7.2 29.5 18.1 18.1 75.9 73.5 71.3 66.0 2.1 2.2 2.7 3.2 18.4 19.3 20.1 18.5
33 农麦156 63.5 89.7 0.6 8.6 27.7 19.5 19.6 76.5 73.5 70.7 68.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.8 18.5 19.2 19.1 18.3
34 农麦179 63.4 89.8 0.7 8.7 30.5 24.5 21.3 19.6 77.5 74.2 71.6 65.8 2.2 2.7 2.5 2.5 18.4 19.7 18.9 17.8
35 农麦180 67.5 90.5 0.6 7.4 37.9 27.1 23.3 20.0 79.4 74.8 72.6 65.6 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.8 17.2 19.5 17.8 17.7
36 农麦99 63.4 89.3 0.6 8.5 37.8 27.3 22.1 18.9 78.3 73.0 70.5 64.0 1.9 2.4 2.5 2.6 17.2 18.8 18.3 17.4
37 润扬麦1号 69.8 91.1 0.4 6.8 34.4 30.0 25.5 23.2 77.3 73.9 71.9 67.6 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.5 16.2 17.1 17.0 16.5
38 苏研麦017 64.8 90.0 0.6 8.2 29.3 22.9 20.7 18.4 79.5 74.7 72.7 69.1 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.7 18.5 20.0 19.9 19.1
39 扬江麦586 64.9 90.3 0.6 8.3 28.7 26.0 20.6 18.3 77.8 74.2 72.4 69.2 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.7 17.9 18.8 19.2 18.6
40 瑞华麦590 64.0 90.0 0.6 8.5 27.6 24.6 20.4 19.0 78.4 73.7 70.8 65.1 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.3 17.8 19.5 19.5 17.7
41 瑞华麦598 64.3 89.5 0.7 8.2 31.2 25.0 23.0 19.3 78.9 74.1 71.6 64.4 2.0 2.6 2.6 2.9 15.9 18.4 18.8 18.1
42 中垦麦212 61.2 88.5 0.7 8.9 24.3 21.0 17.7 16.6 74.9 70.3 67.9 62.7 2.7 3.2 3.3 3.3 19.1 19.7 19.4 17.7
43 中垦麦616 69.5 91.1 0.5 6.9 30.9 28.4 26.1 25.2 77.9 76.1 73.3 70.2 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.4 17.4 17.2 17.2 16.7
44 泰麦6号 59.1 87.9 0.7 9.5 25.8 17.9 16.4 15.0 74.4 68.7 66.9 61.5 2.5 2.9 2.9 3.1 18.9 20.2 20.2 18.2
45 泰麦901 63.1 88.7 0.5 8.3 31.9 24.2 22.4 20.1 77.0 72.3 70.2 65.3 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.3 17.4 18.4 18.7 17.1
46 宁麦资166 63.0 89.3 0.6 8.6 27.8 23.7 22.4 18.8 78.7 73.1 71.1 64.6 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5 17.3 19.0 19.4 17.6
47 宁麦资518 71.6 91.4 0.4 6.3 36.6 30.4 27.0 24.9 80.6 75.9 74.3 69.7 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.4 13.4 17.1 17.6 16.9
48 宁麦资958 65.8 90.1 0.6 7.9 28.1 26.0 23.0 21.0 79.5 73.6 71.6 65.2 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.3 16.5 18.3 16.9 16.7
49 宁麦资666 69.6 91.0 0.4 6.8 32.8 31.5 27.2 25.2 78.8 76.5 75.2 69.8 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.0 16.5 17.4 17.5 18.5
50 宁麦资999 63.9 89.2 0.8 8.2 27.8 29.4 23.0 15.6 78.3 73.3 71.7 61.1 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.9 16.8 18.4 19.3 18.5
51 宁麦资218 65.6 90.4 0.6 8.1 29.8 26.5 24.4 18.8 79.7 76.0 73.5 66.1 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.8 15.7 17.3 18.6 18.8
52 明麦13 63.4 89.5 0.7 8.5 26.2 24.8 21.6 17.7 79.9 75.9 73.7 68.2 2.1 2.3 2.4 3.0 19.5 20.2 20.3 20.3
53 明麦133 65.6 90.1 0.6 8.0 32.2 26.8 24.7 21.2 77.6 75.2 73.6 68.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.8 17.3 18.2 18.3 18.0
54 隆麦30 69.2 91.2 0.6 7.0 32.9 26.8 23.3 23.1 78.4 75.7 74.2 65.8 1.9 2.2 2.4 3.0 18.3 17.7 18.3 18.3
55 隆麦39 69.3 91.5 0.5 7.2 33.1 25.1 26.8 17.0 78.7 73.2 75.6 70.3 1.7 2.3 2.0 2.3 17.2 18.5 18.6 19.3
56 江丰麦1号 68.0 90.5 0.6 7.2 31.9 24.5 26.8 22.9 77.8 72.0 74.5 69.8 1.9 2.4 2.1 3.1 16.3 18.8 18.2 19.2
57 宁丰麦1号 64.2 89.4 0.6 8.2 32.6 23.7 21.1 15.0 77.0 72.8 70.9 66.5 2.2 2.5 2.7 3.1 17.8 18.4 18.5 19.4
58 宁红麦1119 69.6 91.0 0.4 6.8 29.6 26.5 23.1 22.2 76.2 75.1 72.9 67.5 1.9 1.9 2.4 3.7 17.0 18.2 18.4 19.6
59 扬麦40 66.0 90.1 0.6 7.8 30.5 25.4 23.0 20.6 76.9 74.0 72.1 65.7 2.0 2.3 2.3 3.0 17.4 18.0 18.5 17.9
60 扬麦41 63.4 89.2 0.7 8.4 31.4 25.5 21.5 18.4 77.3 73.8 71.7 63.2 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.5 13.8 19.6 19.5 18.0
61 扬麦42 70.9 91.5 0.4 6.6 34.7 29.1 28.0 24.1 78.2 75.8 74.2 68.3 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 16.8 17.7 17.5 15.8
62 扬麦43 62.8 89.8 0.7 8.9 29.8 22.8 20.8 21.8 78.8 75.3 73.7 68.1 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.3 19.3 20.3 20.3 19.8
63 扬麦45 71.1 91.8 0.3 6.6 34.1 32.1 30.1 29.3 81.0 78.6 77.1 73.5 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.8 16.0 17.1 17.0 18.8
64 扬麦46 63.6 89.5 0.7 8.5 25.7 22.9 20.9 20.4 78.2 74.1 72.7 66.2 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.6 17.7 19.3 19.4 18.4
65 扬麦44 69.8 91.3 0.3 6.9 31.7 28.2 25.6 20.6 79.0 75.4 73.8 64.5 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.9 16.5 17.5 17.3 16.1
66 扬麦23 64.4 89.7 0.7 8.3 23.2 18.3 18.6 19.5 74.4 72.1 72.2 65.4 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.6 18.2 20.8 20.4 19.6
67 山农28号 64.4 90.9 0.6 8.8 20.6 25.9 23.5 23.2 68.3 76.1 74.5 68.6 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.2 18.5 18.6 19.4 17.9
68 烟农999 68.1 92.2 0.3 7.9 27.5 22.7 21.8 24.7 80.1 78.0 76.8 72.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.6 20.0 20.9 21.1 20.3
69 烟农1212 69.6 91.8 0.3 7.2 34.9 29.7 27.4 30.0 81.5 78.9 77.7 73.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 14.2 18.0 16.9 16.3
70 泛麦8号 74.0 92.1 0.4 5.7 37.9 34.4 32.1 28.3 80.9 78.1 76.8 71.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 15.7 16.4 16.4 14.2
71 周麦36号 67.0 91.2 0.5 7.9 33.0 27.2 23.7 25.3 79.6 76.4 75.4 71.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 17.4 19.0 19.4 18.8
72 百农207 64.5 90.4 0.5 8.5 32.7 27.1 27.5 27.5 79.9 77.8 76.6 71.4 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9 18.1 18.8 18.5 17.0
73 绵麦902 74.0 92.5 0.3 5.9 39.5 33.4 30.3 29.8 81.6 78.9 77.3 72.9 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.7 13.8 16.3 16.4 15.9
74 师栾02-1 64.3 89.9 0.6 8.4 29.1 21.4 19.2 19.4 77.1 73.9 72.4 67.6 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 18.8 20.0 20.5 17.2
75 衡观35 59.7 89.6 0.5 10.0 19.4 15.5 14.4 17.5 76.9 74.3 73.6 65.6 1.9 2.0 1.9 0.9 22.4 23.3 23.2 20.1
76 鲁原502 61.4 90.2 0.6 9.6 25.6 19.8 17.4 19.8 77.4 74.4 73.3 65.9 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.6 21.1 21.6 22.2 18.9
77 济麦22 62.5 90.6 0.4 9.4 29.4 27.4 25.5 28.5 81.4 77.8 77.4 73.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.3 18.8 19.2 19.2 18.1
78 西农979 62.9 90.4 0.5 9.1 28.6 22.3 19.3 22.9 79.5 76.7 75.8 70.6 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.0 20.8 21.7 21.8 20.0
79 郑麦379 56.4 89.7 0.4 11.4 16.8 15.5 12.7 21.8 79.1 77.5 75.7 72.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 0.9 23.2 23.2 24.8 23.8
80 郑麦136 60.0 90.4 0.4 10.2 23.8 20.9 16.8 24.9 80.1 77.4 76.3 74.4 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.6 22.6 22.6 23.4 23.9
81 百农4199 65.7 90.5 0.3 8.1 28.4 23.9 22.2 25.1 78.6 76.5 75.1 70.8 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.4 19.7 20.0 20.5 18.5
82 川麦104 73.0 91.9 0.2 6.0 38.3 35.7 33.5 31.7 80.9 78.6 77.0 74.3 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.8 14.8 15.7 15.9 15.2
83 川麦42 74.1 92.1 0.2 5.6 38.4 33.5 31.6 32.1 82.8 78.0 77.1 72.8 1.1 1.2 1.1 2.1 13.2 15.9 15.9 15.5
84 川麦93 74.7 92.5 0.2 5.6 42.2 39.1 35.4 36.9 81.9 80.0 77.8 77.6 1.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 14.1 14.2 15.4 14.6
85 龙麦35 65.4 89.7 0.6 7.9 31.7 28.7 27.0 30.5 78.9 76.2 74.4 74.7 1.5 1.9 1.8 1.9 17.0 17.9 17.8 17.6
86 淮麦33 65.9 90.2 0.4 7.9 31.2 27.1 25.8 23.9 79.5 77.0 74.6 68.3 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.5 18.2 18.5 18.9 21.2
87 扬麦13 70.6 91.4 0.3 6.6 29.9 27.4 24.1 22.3 77.3 75.2 73.0 65.7 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.6 17.7 18.3 18.3 18.5
88 扬麦15 70.2 91.3 0.3 6.7 33.4 30.5 28.6 22.1 78.9 78.2 76.6 70.5 1.9 1.6 1.7 2.2 17.4 17.5 17.6 18.9
89 扬麦16 63.8 89.3 0.6 8.3 31.9 25.1 22.5 18.2 79.6 75.4 74.0 67.7 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.7 17.2 19.4 19.6 20.3
90 扬麦20 70.5 91.1 0.4 6.5 34.1 37.0 30.5 28.7 78.7 80.9 76.6 70.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.8 16.4 15.8 16.2 17.0
91 农麦88 62.5 88.7 0.5 8.6 28.7 20.9 19.5 13.5 77.9 73.3 71.1 63.7 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.8 18.3 20.3 20.7 20.3
92 中麦175 67.7 90.5 0.3 7.3 34.5 31.0 29.2 22.4 78.9 76.1 74.5 66.8 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.9 16.2 16.7 16.8 17.5
93 中麦578 62.8 89.7 0.4 8.8 23.3 18.8 16.7 13.3 78.5 74.1 72.3 64.4 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.5 20.5 21.3 22.3 21.5
94 中麦895 60.9 89.6 0.4 9.6 29.5 24.8 23.6 19.3 80.9 76.3 75.6 67.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.8 18.5 19.4 19.8 19.3
), ArticleFig(id=1256536435549716507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

94份小麦材料的面粉和鲜面片色泽

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Code
品种
Variety
面粉Flour 鲜面片Fresh noodle sheet
WI L* a* b* WI L* a* b*
0 h 2 h 4 h 24 h 0 h 2 h 4 h 24 h 0 h 2 h 4 h 24 h 0 h 2 h 4 h 24 h
1 扬麦25 70.2 90.4 0.6 6.7 32.3 27.5 23.8 23.1 78.8 74.8 73.4 66.6 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.3 16.2 17.6 17.8 16.0
2 扬麦27 69.1 91.5 0.5 7.2 31.8 26.6 23.6 17.9 78.2 75.5 74.0 68.6 1.7 2.3 2.2 2.5 17.4 18.8 18.6 17.1
3 扬麦28 64.7 90.3 0.5 8.4 32.7 23.8 20.8 15.0 79.0 74.9 73.8 67.3 2.2 2.6 2.6 3.0 18.5 19.9 20.2 19.5
4 扬麦29 62.7 89.7 0.6 8.9 29.6 23.8 20.7 14.5 79.0 74.9 73.8 65.6 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.4 18.5 19.9 20.3 17.8
5 扬麦30 68.9 91.2 0.4 7.2 29.7 25.3 23.6 18.9 78.6 75.8 74.8 68.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.7 17.2 19.2 19.5 18.4
6 扬麦31 69.2 91.0 0.4 7.0 33.0 26.3 24.0 19.4 77.8 75.2 72.6 67.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.5 17.1 18.6 18.9 17.6
7 扬麦33 69.0 90.7 0.5 6.9 30.3 24.7 22.4 18.6 79.1 75.4 73.9 68.3 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.9 17.5 19.2 19.3 18.5
8 扬麦34 68.2 90.8 0.4 7.2 32.6 28.1 25.6 22.7 80.0 77.0 75.3 70.9 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.6 17.1 18.4 18.8 17.3
9 扬麦35 61.8 89.8 0.7 9.3 26.9 21.5 19.9 15.2 79.9 76.5 74.4 66.0 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.6 19.3 20.4 21.1 18.9
10 扬麦36 67.2 90.7 0.5 7.6 42.6 30.2 25.2 18.8 81.0 78.0 76.6 67.8 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.3 14.8 17.9 19.0 18.1
11 扬麦37 59.8 89.6 0.6 9.9 27.2 16.3 13.7 13.0 76.6 73.6 71.7 63.0 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.3 20.6 23.0 23.5 22.2
12 扬麦39 60.5 89.4 0.7 9.6 25.8 27.1 22.4 16.0 80.9 76.7 74.6 65.5 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.8 19.3 20.8 20.4 19.3
13 扬糯麦2号 64.4 90.3 0.6 8.5 28.1 23.5 26.1 21.2 80.0 79.6 75.8 66.3 2.0 2.3 2.7 2.8 15.5 19.3 18.9 18.2
14 宁麦29 67.5 90.8 0.6 7.5 25.1 19.1 19.4 18.3 76.0 73.0 71.3 62.5 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.2 18.0 19.8 20.5 17.6
15 宁麦33 66.1 90.6 0.4 8.0 26.9 21.6 19.8 17.2 78.0 74.2 72.9 64.9 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.6 17.7 20.6 21.0 18.3
16 宁麦34 63.1 89.7 0.5 8.8 30.4 24.5 20.6 17.7 79.3 74.3 71.2 64.2 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.5 17.6 19.2 19.8 17.4
17 镇麦16 63.1 89.7 0.5 8.8 34.1 24.0 20.7 19.2 80.6 75.5 72.9 66.4 1.7 2.2 2.2 2.3 17.5 19.3 19.9 18.0
18 镇麦18 63.5 90.1 0.6 8.8 34.4 24.7 20.1 17.9 79.9 76.3 72.4 65.2 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.4 17.5 19.3 20.0 18.2
19 扬辐麦13 63.3 90.0 0.5 8.8 30.0 23.9 20.4 19.0 79.9 76.3 73.5 67.1 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 18.3 19.6 19.9 18.3
20 扬辐麦15 65.8 90.2 0.6 7.9 28.9 25.0 21.6 18.8 79.1 74.8 72.3 65.0 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.4 16.8 19.0 19.1 17.3
21 扬辐麦16 63.4 89.7 0.6 8.6 31.4 25.6 21.0 20.3 79.3 75.6 73.3 69.6 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 18.4 18.9 19.5 19.1
22 盐麦1号 64.6 89.7 0.6 8.2 39.0 25.8 24.4 19.1 79.2 73.0 73.0 67.8 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.8 16.9 18.9 19.7 18.5
23 盐麦2号 64.0 89.7 0.6 8.4 38.5 25.4 21.9 20.1 79.0 73.0 71.3 67.8 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 16.6 18.8 19.4 18.0
24 苏麦0588 64.0 90.2 0.6 8.6 29.8 22.3 20.5 19.1 79.1 73.4 72.6 68.5 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.7 17.6 19.9 20.3 18.8
25 苏麦198 64.1 90.5 0.7 8.7 30.8 22.8 20.2 18.1 79.1 74.0 72.6 68.3 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.1 17.5 19.7 20.4 19.1
26 苏麦288 65.5 90.1 0.5 8.0 31.6 26.2 22.9 22.5 77.2 75.0 71.5 66.7 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.2 16.9 18.3 18.3 16.3
27 华麦10号 63.0 90.5 0.5 9.1 29.5 22.7 19.7 20.0 79.1 75.2 73.3 70.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 1.8 18.5 20.2 20.9 18.4
28 华麦11号 63.9 90.2 0.8 8.7 28.6 19.8 17.4 78.9 73.1 71.2 65.3 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.3 18.0 18.8 19.2 17.9
29 华麦12号 68.9 90.9 0.5 7.0 32.9 20.6 20.5 79.3 73.8 71.5 64.3 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8 18.1 18.5 19.4 17.1
30 华麦13号 67.2 90.5 0.6 7.5 33.5 17.5 16.9 78.8 72.9 71.4 65.0 2.4 2.7 2.9 3.6 14.8 18.5 19.6 18.5
31 华麦14号 71.1 92.1 0.5 6.7 35.1 23.4 21.8 78.1 74.1 72.4 68.1 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.3 15.9 17.7 18.4 17.2
32 华麦15号 69.2 91.6 0.5 7.2 29.5 18.1 18.1 75.9 73.5 71.3 66.0 2.1 2.2 2.7 3.2 18.4 19.3 20.1 18.5
33 农麦156 63.5 89.7 0.6 8.6 27.7 19.5 19.6 76.5 73.5 70.7 68.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.8 18.5 19.2 19.1 18.3
34 农麦179 63.4 89.8 0.7 8.7 30.5 24.5 21.3 19.6 77.5 74.2 71.6 65.8 2.2 2.7 2.5 2.5 18.4 19.7 18.9 17.8
35 农麦180 67.5 90.5 0.6 7.4 37.9 27.1 23.3 20.0 79.4 74.8 72.6 65.6 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.8 17.2 19.5 17.8 17.7
36 农麦99 63.4 89.3 0.6 8.5 37.8 27.3 22.1 18.9 78.3 73.0 70.5 64.0 1.9 2.4 2.5 2.6 17.2 18.8 18.3 17.4
37 润扬麦1号 69.8 91.1 0.4 6.8 34.4 30.0 25.5 23.2 77.3 73.9 71.9 67.6 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.5 16.2 17.1 17.0 16.5
38 苏研麦017 64.8 90.0 0.6 8.2 29.3 22.9 20.7 18.4 79.5 74.7 72.7 69.1 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.7 18.5 20.0 19.9 19.1
39 扬江麦586 64.9 90.3 0.6 8.3 28.7 26.0 20.6 18.3 77.8 74.2 72.4 69.2 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.7 17.9 18.8 19.2 18.6
40 瑞华麦590 64.0 90.0 0.6 8.5 27.6 24.6 20.4 19.0 78.4 73.7 70.8 65.1 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.3 17.8 19.5 19.5 17.7
41 瑞华麦598 64.3 89.5 0.7 8.2 31.2 25.0 23.0 19.3 78.9 74.1 71.6 64.4 2.0 2.6 2.6 2.9 15.9 18.4 18.8 18.1
42 中垦麦212 61.2 88.5 0.7 8.9 24.3 21.0 17.7 16.6 74.9 70.3 67.9 62.7 2.7 3.2 3.3 3.3 19.1 19.7 19.4 17.7
43 中垦麦616 69.5 91.1 0.5 6.9 30.9 28.4 26.1 25.2 77.9 76.1 73.3 70.2 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.4 17.4 17.2 17.2 16.7
44 泰麦6号 59.1 87.9 0.7 9.5 25.8 17.9 16.4 15.0 74.4 68.7 66.9 61.5 2.5 2.9 2.9 3.1 18.9 20.2 20.2 18.2
45 泰麦901 63.1 88.7 0.5 8.3 31.9 24.2 22.4 20.1 77.0 72.3 70.2 65.3 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.3 17.4 18.4 18.7 17.1
46 宁麦资166 63.0 89.3 0.6 8.6 27.8 23.7 22.4 18.8 78.7 73.1 71.1 64.6 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5 17.3 19.0 19.4 17.6
47 宁麦资518 71.6 91.4 0.4 6.3 36.6 30.4 27.0 24.9 80.6 75.9 74.3 69.7 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.4 13.4 17.1 17.6 16.9
48 宁麦资958 65.8 90.1 0.6 7.9 28.1 26.0 23.0 21.0 79.5 73.6 71.6 65.2 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.3 16.5 18.3 16.9 16.7
49 宁麦资666 69.6 91.0 0.4 6.8 32.8 31.5 27.2 25.2 78.8 76.5 75.2 69.8 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.0 16.5 17.4 17.5 18.5
50 宁麦资999 63.9 89.2 0.8 8.2 27.8 29.4 23.0 15.6 78.3 73.3 71.7 61.1 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.9 16.8 18.4 19.3 18.5
51 宁麦资218 65.6 90.4 0.6 8.1 29.8 26.5 24.4 18.8 79.7 76.0 73.5 66.1 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.8 15.7 17.3 18.6 18.8
52 明麦13 63.4 89.5 0.7 8.5 26.2 24.8 21.6 17.7 79.9 75.9 73.7 68.2 2.1 2.3 2.4 3.0 19.5 20.2 20.3 20.3
53 明麦133 65.6 90.1 0.6 8.0 32.2 26.8 24.7 21.2 77.6 75.2 73.6 68.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.8 17.3 18.2 18.3 18.0
54 隆麦30 69.2 91.2 0.6 7.0 32.9 26.8 23.3 23.1 78.4 75.7 74.2 65.8 1.9 2.2 2.4 3.0 18.3 17.7 18.3 18.3
55 隆麦39 69.3 91.5 0.5 7.2 33.1 25.1 26.8 17.0 78.7 73.2 75.6 70.3 1.7 2.3 2.0 2.3 17.2 18.5 18.6 19.3
56 江丰麦1号 68.0 90.5 0.6 7.2 31.9 24.5 26.8 22.9 77.8 72.0 74.5 69.8 1.9 2.4 2.1 3.1 16.3 18.8 18.2 19.2
57 宁丰麦1号 64.2 89.4 0.6 8.2 32.6 23.7 21.1 15.0 77.0 72.8 70.9 66.5 2.2 2.5 2.7 3.1 17.8 18.4 18.5 19.4
58 宁红麦1119 69.6 91.0 0.4 6.8 29.6 26.5 23.1 22.2 76.2 75.1 72.9 67.5 1.9 1.9 2.4 3.7 17.0 18.2 18.4 19.6
59 扬麦40 66.0 90.1 0.6 7.8 30.5 25.4 23.0 20.6 76.9 74.0 72.1 65.7 2.0 2.3 2.3 3.0 17.4 18.0 18.5 17.9
60 扬麦41 63.4 89.2 0.7 8.4 31.4 25.5 21.5 18.4 77.3 73.8 71.7 63.2 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.5 13.8 19.6 19.5 18.0
61 扬麦42 70.9 91.5 0.4 6.6 34.7 29.1 28.0 24.1 78.2 75.8 74.2 68.3 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 16.8 17.7 17.5 15.8
62 扬麦43 62.8 89.8 0.7 8.9 29.8 22.8 20.8 21.8 78.8 75.3 73.7 68.1 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.3 19.3 20.3 20.3 19.8
63 扬麦45 71.1 91.8 0.3 6.6 34.1 32.1 30.1 29.3 81.0 78.6 77.1 73.5 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.8 16.0 17.1 17.0 18.8
64 扬麦46 63.6 89.5 0.7 8.5 25.7 22.9 20.9 20.4 78.2 74.1 72.7 66.2 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.6 17.7 19.3 19.4 18.4
65 扬麦44 69.8 91.3 0.3 6.9 31.7 28.2 25.6 20.6 79.0 75.4 73.8 64.5 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.9 16.5 17.5 17.3 16.1
66 扬麦23 64.4 89.7 0.7 8.3 23.2 18.3 18.6 19.5 74.4 72.1 72.2 65.4 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.6 18.2 20.8 20.4 19.6
67 山农28号 64.4 90.9 0.6 8.8 20.6 25.9 23.5 23.2 68.3 76.1 74.5 68.6 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.2 18.5 18.6 19.4 17.9
68 烟农999 68.1 92.2 0.3 7.9 27.5 22.7 21.8 24.7 80.1 78.0 76.8 72.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.6 20.0 20.9 21.1 20.3
69 烟农1212 69.6 91.8 0.3 7.2 34.9 29.7 27.4 30.0 81.5 78.9 77.7 73.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 14.2 18.0 16.9 16.3
70 泛麦8号 74.0 92.1 0.4 5.7 37.9 34.4 32.1 28.3 80.9 78.1 76.8 71.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 15.7 16.4 16.4 14.2
71 周麦36号 67.0 91.2 0.5 7.9 33.0 27.2 23.7 25.3 79.6 76.4 75.4 71.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 17.4 19.0 19.4 18.8
72 百农207 64.5 90.4 0.5 8.5 32.7 27.1 27.5 27.5 79.9 77.8 76.6 71.4 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9 18.1 18.8 18.5 17.0
73 绵麦902 74.0 92.5 0.3 5.9 39.5 33.4 30.3 29.8 81.6 78.9 77.3 72.9 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.7 13.8 16.3 16.4 15.9
74 师栾02-1 64.3 89.9 0.6 8.4 29.1 21.4 19.2 19.4 77.1 73.9 72.4 67.6 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 18.8 20.0 20.5 17.2
75 衡观35 59.7 89.6 0.5 10.0 19.4 15.5 14.4 17.5 76.9 74.3 73.6 65.6 1.9 2.0 1.9 0.9 22.4 23.3 23.2 20.1
76 鲁原502 61.4 90.2 0.6 9.6 25.6 19.8 17.4 19.8 77.4 74.4 73.3 65.9 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.6 21.1 21.6 22.2 18.9
77 济麦22 62.5 90.6 0.4 9.4 29.4 27.4 25.5 28.5 81.4 77.8 77.4 73.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.3 18.8 19.2 19.2 18.1
78 西农979 62.9 90.4 0.5 9.1 28.6 22.3 19.3 22.9 79.5 76.7 75.8 70.6 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.0 20.8 21.7 21.8 20.0
79 郑麦379 56.4 89.7 0.4 11.4 16.8 15.5 12.7 21.8 79.1 77.5 75.7 72.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 0.9 23.2 23.2 24.8 23.8
80 郑麦136 60.0 90.4 0.4 10.2 23.8 20.9 16.8 24.9 80.1 77.4 76.3 74.4 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.6 22.6 22.6 23.4 23.9
81 百农4199 65.7 90.5 0.3 8.1 28.4 23.9 22.2 25.1 78.6 76.5 75.1 70.8 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.4 19.7 20.0 20.5 18.5
82 川麦104 73.0 91.9 0.2 6.0 38.3 35.7 33.5 31.7 80.9 78.6 77.0 74.3 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.8 14.8 15.7 15.9 15.2
83 川麦42 74.1 92.1 0.2 5.6 38.4 33.5 31.6 32.1 82.8 78.0 77.1 72.8 1.1 1.2 1.1 2.1 13.2 15.9 15.9 15.5
84 川麦93 74.7 92.5 0.2 5.6 42.2 39.1 35.4 36.9 81.9 80.0 77.8 77.6 1.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 14.1 14.2 15.4 14.6
85 龙麦35 65.4 89.7 0.6 7.9 31.7 28.7 27.0 30.5 78.9 76.2 74.4 74.7 1.5 1.9 1.8 1.9 17.0 17.9 17.8 17.6
86 淮麦33 65.9 90.2 0.4 7.9 31.2 27.1 25.8 23.9 79.5 77.0 74.6 68.3 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.5 18.2 18.5 18.9 21.2
87 扬麦13 70.6 91.4 0.3 6.6 29.9 27.4 24.1 22.3 77.3 75.2 73.0 65.7 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.6 17.7 18.3 18.3 18.5
88 扬麦15 70.2 91.3 0.3 6.7 33.4 30.5 28.6 22.1 78.9 78.2 76.6 70.5 1.9 1.6 1.7 2.2 17.4 17.5 17.6 18.9
89 扬麦16 63.8 89.3 0.6 8.3 31.9 25.1 22.5 18.2 79.6 75.4 74.0 67.7 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.7 17.2 19.4 19.6 20.3
90 扬麦20 70.5 91.1 0.4 6.5 34.1 37.0 30.5 28.7 78.7 80.9 76.6 70.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.8 16.4 15.8 16.2 17.0
91 农麦88 62.5 88.7 0.5 8.6 28.7 20.9 19.5 13.5 77.9 73.3 71.1 63.7 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.8 18.3 20.3 20.7 20.3
92 中麦175 67.7 90.5 0.3 7.3 34.5 31.0 29.2 22.4 78.9 76.1 74.5 66.8 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.9 16.2 16.7 16.8 17.5
93 中麦578 62.8 89.7 0.4 8.8 23.3 18.8 16.7 13.3 78.5 74.1 72.3 64.4 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.5 20.5 21.3 22.3 21.5
94 中麦895 60.9 89.6 0.4 9.6 29.5 24.8 23.6 19.3 80.9 76.3 75.6 67.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.8 18.5 19.4 19.8 19.3
), ArticleFig(id=1256536438666084389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Flour color and quality indexes of 94 wheat materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标
Index
平均值
Average
变幅
Range
变异系数
CV (%)
面粉白度Flour WI 65.9 56.4~74.7 5.6
L* 90.4 87.9~92.5 1.0
a* 0.5 0.2~0.8 25.4
b* 8.0 5.6~11.4 13.6
籽粒蛋白质含量
Grain protein content (%)
13.3
9.4~18.0
9.7
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 48.7 36.6~63.6 11.1
籽粒硬度Grain hardness 64.9 49.4~74.7 10.7
面粉麸星含量
Flour gluten content (%)
2.3
0.9~5.9
35.1
湿面筋含量
Wet gluten content (%)
29.9
18.0~42.9
14.5
面筋指数Gluten index (%) 88.5 49.3~100.0 14.5
沉降值Sedimentation value (mL) 55.0 38.0~80.5 16.0
吸水率Water absorption rate (%) 61.4 52.8~72.6 6.6
面团形成时间
Dough development time (min)
2.7
1.2~16.2
83.8
稳定时间Stability time (min) 7.3 0.9~37.8 88.8
弱化度Softness (BU) 63.0 -20.0~189.0 64.6
粉质质量指数
Farinograph quality index
93.0
17.0~600.0
131.4
峰值黏度Peak viscosity (cP) 2335.0 722.0~3010.0 20.5
低谷黏度Trough viscosity (cP) 1380.6 43.5~1891.0 28.2
稀懈值Breakdown (cP) 954.0 503.0~1342.0 18.9
最终黏度Final viscosity (cP) 2635.0 301.0~3395.0 24.4
回生值Setback (cP) 1255.0 258.0~1586.0 21.0
峰值时间Peak time (min) 5.9 3.5~6.4 6.3
糊化温度Pasting temperature (℃) 62.5 60.3~64.9 1.6
), ArticleFig(id=1256536439781769262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

94份小麦材料的面粉色泽与品质指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标
Index
平均值
Average
变幅
Range
变异系数
CV (%)
面粉白度Flour WI 65.9 56.4~74.7 5.6
L* 90.4 87.9~92.5 1.0
a* 0.5 0.2~0.8 25.4
b* 8.0 5.6~11.4 13.6
籽粒蛋白质含量
Grain protein content (%)
13.3
9.4~18.0
9.7
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 48.7 36.6~63.6 11.1
籽粒硬度Grain hardness 64.9 49.4~74.7 10.7
面粉麸星含量
Flour gluten content (%)
2.3
0.9~5.9
35.1
湿面筋含量
Wet gluten content (%)
29.9
18.0~42.9
14.5
面筋指数Gluten index (%) 88.5 49.3~100.0 14.5
沉降值Sedimentation value (mL) 55.0 38.0~80.5 16.0
吸水率Water absorption rate (%) 61.4 52.8~72.6 6.6
面团形成时间
Dough development time (min)
2.7
1.2~16.2
83.8
稳定时间Stability time (min) 7.3 0.9~37.8 88.8
弱化度Softness (BU) 63.0 -20.0~189.0 64.6
粉质质量指数
Farinograph quality index
93.0
17.0~600.0
131.4
峰值黏度Peak viscosity (cP) 2335.0 722.0~3010.0 20.5
低谷黏度Trough viscosity (cP) 1380.6 43.5~1891.0 28.2
稀懈值Breakdown (cP) 954.0 503.0~1342.0 18.9
最终黏度Final viscosity (cP) 2635.0 301.0~3395.0 24.4
回生值Setback (cP) 1255.0 258.0~1586.0 21.0
峰值时间Peak time (min) 5.9 3.5~6.4 6.3
糊化温度Pasting temperature (℃) 62.5 60.3~64.9 1.6
), ArticleFig(id=1256536442348683322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Distribution frequencies of alleles variation in quality and hardness of 94 wheat materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状
Trait
基因
Gene
等位变异
Allele
数目
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
面粉白度
Flour
WI
L* 0 h鲜面片白度
WI of 0 h fresh
noodle sheet
24 h鲜面片白度
WI of 24 h fresh
noodle sheet
N Indet Heterozygote
籽粒硬度
Grain
hardness
Pinb-D1 Pinb-D1b 47 54.7 63.2 89.8 28.6 19.5 7 1
Pinb-D1a 39 45.4 69.2 91.1 33.2 23.0
Pina-D1 Pina-D1b 2 2.2 63.7 89.7 33.1 19.9 2 1
Pina-D1a 89 97.8 65.9 90.4 30.8 21.1
Pinb2-V Pinb-B2b 18 19.2 65.7 90.4 29.2 19.9
Pinb-B2a 76 80.9 65.9 90.4 31.2 21.2
籽粒色泽
Grain color
Ppo-A1 Ppo-A1b 20 21.3 67.2 90.6 31.8 22.9
Ppo-A1a 74 78.7 65.5 90.3 30.6 20.5
Ppo-D1 Ppo-D1a 2 3.9 71.8 91.6 34.7 28.6 1 42
Ppo-D1b 49 96.1 64.9 90.2 30.5 20.5
Lox-B1 Lox-B1a 0 0.0 4
Lox-B1b 90 100.0 65.8 90.4 30.7 20.9
TaPod-A1 TaPod-A1b 7 8.0 68.2 91.0 33.0 24.0 4 2
TaPod-A1a 81 92.1 65.6 90.3 30.6 20.7
Psy-A1 Psy-A1b 0 0.0 1
Psy-A1a 93 100.0 65.9 90.4 30.8 21.0
Psy-B1 Psy-B1a/b 93 98.9 65.9 90.4 30.8 21.0
Psy-B1c 1 1.1 60.9 89.6 29.5 19.3
Psy-D1/Sr25 Psy-D1a 86 96.6 66.0 90.4 30.8 21.1 2 3
Sr25/Psy1Da-g 3 3.4 62.6 89.5 31.9 19.4
TaPds-B1 TaPds-B1b 73 78.5 65.9 90.4 31.0 20.9 1
TaPds-B1a 20 21.5 65.9 90.4 30.3 21.5
TaZds-A1 TaZds-A1a 5 5.3 64.8 90.0 27.7 16.9
TaZds-A1b 89 94.7 65.9 90.4 31.0 21.2
TaLyc-B1 TaLyc-B1b 50 53.8 66.6 90.6 30.9 21.7 1
TaLyc-B1a 43 46.2 65.1 90.2 30.7 20.2
), ArticleFig(id=1256536443548254273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

94份小麦材料品质及硬度相关基因等位变异的分布频率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性状
Trait
基因
Gene
等位变异
Allele
数目
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
面粉白度
Flour
WI
L* 0 h鲜面片白度
WI of 0 h fresh
noodle sheet
24 h鲜面片白度
WI of 24 h fresh
noodle sheet
N Indet Heterozygote
籽粒硬度
Grain
hardness
Pinb-D1 Pinb-D1b 47 54.7 63.2 89.8 28.6 19.5 7 1
Pinb-D1a 39 45.4 69.2 91.1 33.2 23.0
Pina-D1 Pina-D1b 2 2.2 63.7 89.7 33.1 19.9 2 1
Pina-D1a 89 97.8 65.9 90.4 30.8 21.1
Pinb2-V Pinb-B2b 18 19.2 65.7 90.4 29.2 19.9
Pinb-B2a 76 80.9 65.9 90.4 31.2 21.2
籽粒色泽
Grain color
Ppo-A1 Ppo-A1b 20 21.3 67.2 90.6 31.8 22.9
Ppo-A1a 74 78.7 65.5 90.3 30.6 20.5
Ppo-D1 Ppo-D1a 2 3.9 71.8 91.6 34.7 28.6 1 42
Ppo-D1b 49 96.1 64.9 90.2 30.5 20.5
Lox-B1 Lox-B1a 0 0.0 4
Lox-B1b 90 100.0 65.8 90.4 30.7 20.9
TaPod-A1 TaPod-A1b 7 8.0 68.2 91.0 33.0 24.0 4 2
TaPod-A1a 81 92.1 65.6 90.3 30.6 20.7
Psy-A1 Psy-A1b 0 0.0 1
Psy-A1a 93 100.0 65.9 90.4 30.8 21.0
Psy-B1 Psy-B1a/b 93 98.9 65.9 90.4 30.8 21.0
Psy-B1c 1 1.1 60.9 89.6 29.5 19.3
Psy-D1/Sr25 Psy-D1a 86 96.6 66.0 90.4 30.8 21.1 2 3
Sr25/Psy1Da-g 3 3.4 62.6 89.5 31.9 19.4
TaPds-B1 TaPds-B1b 73 78.5 65.9 90.4 31.0 20.9 1
TaPds-B1a 20 21.5 65.9 90.4 30.3 21.5
TaZds-A1 TaZds-A1a 5 5.3 64.8 90.0 27.7 16.9
TaZds-A1b 89 94.7 65.9 90.4 31.0 21.2
TaLyc-B1 TaLyc-B1b 50 53.8 66.6 90.6 30.9 21.7 1
TaLyc-B1a 43 46.2 65.1 90.2 30.7 20.2
), ArticleFig(id=1256536444345172041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Flour quality traits of wheat with different hardness types

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
小麦硬质类型
Wheat hardness type
面粉白度
Flour WI
粒色
Grain color
籽粒硬度
Grain hardness
L* a* b* 吸水率
Water absorption rate(%)
硬质小麦 63.2 13白,36红 69.6 89.8 0.6 8.8 63.8
软质小麦 69.9 5白,29红 56.8 91.3 0.4 6.9 57.1
), ArticleFig(id=1256536446505238605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536350472454457, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同硬度类型小麦的面粉品质性状

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
小麦硬质类型
Wheat hardness type
面粉白度
Flour WI
粒色
Grain color
籽粒硬度
Grain hardness
L* a* b* 吸水率
Water absorption rate(%)
硬质小麦 63.2 13白,36红 69.6 89.8 0.6 8.8 63.8
软质小麦 69.9 5白,29红 56.8 91.3 0.4 6.9 57.1
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小麦面粉和鲜面片色泽及相关基因组成分析
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袁博 1 , 张晓 2 , 方正武 1 , 李曼 2 , 寿路路 2 , 汪尊杰 2 , 江伟 2 , 肖龙飞 2 , 高德荣 2, 3
作物杂志 | 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 2026,42(2): 1-11
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作物杂志 | 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 2026, 42(2): 1-11
小麦面粉和鲜面片色泽及相关基因组成分析
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袁博1 , 张晓2 , 方正武1, 李曼2, 寿路路2, 汪尊杰2, 江伟2, 肖龙飞2, 高德荣2, 3
作者信息
  • 1长江大学农学院, 434025, 湖北荆州
  • 2江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所/农业农村部长江中下游小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 225007, 江苏扬州
  • 3扬州大学农学院/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 225009, 江苏扬州
  • 袁博,主要从事小麦品质育种研究,E-mail:

通讯作者:

高德荣,研究方向为小麦品质遗传育种,E-mail:
张晓为共同通信作者,研究方向为小麦品质遗传育种,E-mail:
Analysis of Color Traits and Related Gene Composition in Wheat Flour and Fresh Noodle Sheet
Bo Yuan1 , Xiao Zhang2 , Zhengwu Fang1, Man Li2, Lulu Shou2, Zunjie Wang2, Wei Jiang2, Longfei Xiao2, Derong Gao2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
  • 2Lixiahe Institute of Agriculture Sciences / Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low and Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu, China
  • 3College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University / Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
出版时间: 2026-04-15 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.001
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小麦面粉及面制品白度是影响小麦商品品质的重要指标,以94份小麦品种为试验材料,研究不同品种小麦面粉及面制品白度的差异及其影响因素。结果表明,小麦品种间白度差异显著,但同一材料的面粉和鲜面片色泽相关性分析表现一致;面粉白度与籽粒硬度、籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、面团形成时间和稳定时间呈极显著负相关,与低谷黏度、最终黏度和回生值呈显著负相关,与面筋指数、稀懈值和糊化温度正相关;籽粒硬度、籽粒蛋白质含量、沉降值、糊化温度和稀懈值可解释面粉白度80.9%的变异,面筋指数、沉降值、糊化温度和稀懈值对面粉白度产生显著正向影响,籽粒蛋白质含量和籽粒硬度对面粉白度产生显著负向影响。面粉白度与硬度的负相关性最强(r = -0.83),硬度是影响小麦白度色泽的关键因素,软质小麦的面粉和鲜面片白度色泽整体高于硬质小麦。品质相关基因的变异位点Pinb-D1bPina-D1bPpo-A1bPpo-D1aTaPod-A1bLox-B1aPsy-A1bPsy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaPds-B1bTaZds-A1aTaLyc-B1b分布频率分别为54.7%、2.2%、21.3%、3.9%、8.0%、0.0%、0.0%、98.9%、96.6%、78.5%、5.3%和53.8%。筛选出扬麦15、扬麦25、川麦93、绵麦902和扬麦45等13个高白度软质小麦品种,以及周麦36、淮麦33、扬辐麦15和宁麦资218等高白度硬质小麦品种。高白度软质小麦品种白度均高于硬质小麦,且其优异色泽基因等位变异的比率高于整体材料。通过加强优良亲本的利用同时注重色泽优异基因的聚合和相关表型的筛选,可逐步改良小麦品种的白度色泽。

小麦  /  白度  /  色泽  /  面粉品质  /  KASP标记

The whiteness (WI) of wheat flour and its products is a key indicator influencing the commercial quality of wheat. Using 94 wheat varieties as experimental materials, the differences in flour WI and its products among different varieties and their influencing factors were investigated. The results showed significant differences in WI among wheat varieties, while the correlation analysis of flour and fresh noodle sheet color from the same material showed the same performance. Flour WI was highly significantly negatively correlated with grain hardness, grain protein content, wet gluten content, dough development time, and stability time; significantly negatively correlated with trough viscosity, final viscosity, and setback value; and positively correlated with gluten index, breakdown, and pasting temperature. Grain hardness, grain protein content, sedimentation value, pasting temperature, and breakdown accounted for 80.9% of the variation in flour WI. Gluten index, sedimentation value, pasting temperature, and breakdown had significant positive effects on flour WI, while grain protein content and grain hardness exerted significant negative effects. The negative correlation between flour WI and hardness was the strongest (r = -0.83), indicating that hardness is the key factor affecting wheat WI and color. The WI and color of flour and fresh noodle sheets from soft wheat were generally higher than those from hard wheat. The distribution frequencies of variation loci of quality-related genes, namely Pinb-D1b, Pina-D1b, Ppo-A1b, Ppo-D1a, TaPod-A1b, Lox-B1a, Psy-A1b, Psy-B1a/b, Psy-D1a, TaPds-B1b, TaZds-A1a, and TaLyc-B1b, were 54.7%, 2.2%, 21.3%, 3.9%, 8.0%, 0.0%, 0.0%, 98.9%, 96.6%, 78.5%, 5.3%, and 53.8%, respectively. Thirteen high-WI soft wheat varieties, such as Yangmai 15, Yangmai 25, Chuanmai 93, Mianmai 902, and Yangmai 45, and high-WI hard wheat varieties, such as Zhoumai 36, Huaimai 33, Yangfumai 15, and Ningmaizi 218, were screened. The WI of high-WI soft wheat varieties was higher than that of hard wheat, and the ratio of superior color gene allelic variations in these varieties was higher than that of the overall materials. By strengthening the utilization of elite parents while emphasizing the pyramiding of superior color genes and the screening of related phenotypes, the WI and color of wheat varieties can be gradually improved.

Wheat  /  Whiteness  /  Color  /  Flour quality  /  KASP marker
袁博, 张晓, 方正武, 李曼, 寿路路, 汪尊杰, 江伟, 肖龙飞, 高德荣. 小麦面粉和鲜面片色泽及相关基因组成分析. 作物杂志, 2026 , 42 (2) : 1 -11 . DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.001
Bo Yuan, Xiao Zhang, Zhengwu Fang, Man Li, Lulu Shou, Zunjie Wang, Wei Jiang, Longfei Xiao, Derong Gao. Analysis of Color Traits and Related Gene Composition in Wheat Flour and Fresh Noodle Sheet[J]. Crops, 2026 , 42 (2) : 1 -11 . DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.001
面粉白度是小麦磨粉品质的主要指标,也是衡量面粉加工精度和分级的重要指标[1],国内外市场对品质色泽的稳定性要求逐步提高,选育高白度小麦品种对小麦色泽品质改良具有重要意义。前人大部分研究表明面粉白度与面粉吸水率、出粉率、籽粒硬度[2-4]、蛋白质含量[5-7]和粉质参数呈负相关,与沉降值呈正相关[8-9];而部分研究[10-11]则表明面粉白度与蛋白质含量相关性极小。其中籽粒硬度遗传力较高,由位于5DS染色体短臂的籽粒硬度主效基因(PuroindolinePinPinaPinb共同控制[12],当PinaPinb同为野生型(Pina-D1aPinb-D1a)时籽粒为软质,任何1个基因发生突变或缺失时籽粒变硬[13-15]Pinb-2vPinb高度同源基因,微效调节籽粒硬度。小麦籽粒多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)活性与面制品加工和贮存过程中的色泽褐变关系密切[16],黄色素含量也是影响面粉色泽的关键因素之一[17],调控黄色素的主要成分类胡萝卜素相关基因包括八氢番茄红素合成酶基因(Psy)、八氢番茄红素脱氢酶基因(Pds)、番茄红素β-环化酶基因(Lyc)以及胡萝卜素脱氢酶基因(Zds[18]。过氧化物酶基因(Pod)和脂肪氧化酶基因(Lox)则是小麦籽粒与色素降解有关的氧化酶基因[19]。其中相关主效基因Psy-A1Psy-B1分别位于7A和7B染色体上[20]Zds-D1Zds-A1分别位于2D和2A染色体上[21]TaPod-A1TaPod- D1分别位于3AL和7DS染色体上[22-23]TaLox-B1位于4BS染色体上[24]Ppo-A1Ppo-D1位于染色体2AL和2DL上[25],Rasheed等[26]开发的KASP(kompetitive allele-specific PCR)标记可高通量检测以上基因功能标记。
前人[27-29]有关面粉色泽的研究多采用同一麦区材料,面粉色泽相关指标的研究结论有所差异,对色泽品质指标、相关分子标记检测及相关性的系统研究较少[30]。以来源于不同麦区的小麦为材料,研究影响面粉和鲜面片色泽稳定性的关键因素,筛选色泽优异小麦品种成为关键[31-32]。本研究以94份不同麦区和品质类型的小麦品种为材料,研究面粉色泽与其他品质指标的相关性,以及鲜面片不同储藏时间的色泽变化;检测10个色泽相关和3个硬度相关基因的变异位点,探明小麦面粉和鲜面片色泽的关键影响指标,筛选色泽优良品种,以期为小麦面粉色泽改良提供理论参考。
供试材料为扬麦25、川麦104、宁麦29、龙麦35、镇麦16、中麦895、山农28和烟农999等94份小麦品种,包含长江中下游麦区、长江上游麦区、黄淮冬麦区、北部冬麦区和东北春麦区的不同品质类型小麦品种,由相关育种科研单位共同提供。
采用MLU-202型磨粉机(Buhler,瑞典),参照AACC26-20方法,分别使用软麦筛网和硬麦筛网磨制面粉。
取50 g小麦粉(相对湿度14%),加入小麦粉质量28%~32%的蒸馏水,用针式和面机搅拌5 min,团成面团(相对湿度36%);使用专用面条机在压辊处经3次折叠压片成型(间距4 mm);于醒发箱(20 ℃,相对湿度60%)醒发30 min后经4次压制为厚度2.5 mm的面片;保存于开口自封袋(25 ℃)。
采用CR-700R型色泽测定仪(北京科美润达仪器设备有限公司)测定不同粉路及统粉的白度(whiteness,WI)和其余色泽指标(L*:亮度、a*:红绿色度和b*:黄蓝色度),本试验同一样品在CR-700R型色泽测定仪白度测定值为70时,WSB-Ⅳ型白度仪(杭州麦哲仪器有限公司)测定结果为80,因此供试面粉中白度大于70即表示基本满足市场要求。测定鲜面片保持0、2、4和24 h的白度和其余色泽指标,每份样品正反面各选择3点重复,结果取6点平均值。
采用DA7200近红外分析仪(Perten,瑞典),参照AACC No.39-10方法测定籽粒蛋白质含量;采用JYBD 100×40小麦硬度指数测定仪(无锡穗邦科技有限公司),参照《小麦硬度测定 硬度指数法》(GB/T 21304-2007)[33]测定籽粒硬度指数;采用千粒重测定板测定千粒重;采用SDS沉降仪(Brabender,德国),参照《粮油检验 小麦沉淀指数测定 SDS法》(GB/T 15685-2011)[34]测定沉降值;采用RVA-Super3型快速黏度仪(Perten,澳大利亚),参照《小麦、黑麦及其粉类和淀粉糊化特性测定 快速粘度仪法》(GB/T 24853-2010)[35]测定淀粉糊化特性;采用810104型电子型粉质仪(Brabender,德国),参照AACC54-21方法测定粉质仪参数;采用2200型面筋洗涤仪(Perten,瑞典),参照《小麦和小麦粉 面筋含量 第2部分:仪器法测定湿面筋》(GB/T 5506.2-2008)[36]测定湿面筋含量;采用WSF型小麦粉加工精度测定仪(无锡穗邦科技有限公司)测定麸星含量。
于温室发苗培养取新鲜叶片,委托华智生物技术有限公司进行KASP标记检测:将叶片置于2.0 mL离心管中使用液氮速冻,采用CTAB法[37]提取植物基因组DNA。参考Rasheed等[26]的方法对硬度和色泽相关基因的KASP标记进行检测。用Nexar系统(LGC,英国)进行KASP标记的验证和检测。用Nexar进行PCR扩增体系的自动组装PCR扩增,用Soellex(LGC,英国)进行PCR扩增,扩增条件:94 ℃ 15 min;94 ℃ 20 s,65 ℃~57 ℃(每个循环退火温度降低0.8 ℃)60 s,10个循环;94 ℃ 20 s,57 ℃ 60 s,30个循环。PCR反应完成后用Araya(LGC,英国)进行反应体系荧光信号扫描;然后用Intellics(LGC,英国)进行基因型分型和数据分析。
采用Excel 2021进行数据整理,用SPSS 27.01进行数据分析,用Origin 2021作图。
94份小麦品种的面粉白度分布范围较大,变幅为56.4~74.7(图1),11份材料的硬度基因未检出(表1)。77份小麦品种的面粉白度在[60,70),占供试材料的81.9%;白度>70的品种占比13.8%,均为软质小麦;白度在[65,70)的品种占比35.1%,包含21个软麦和7个硬麦;白度在[60,65)的品种占比46.8%,包括38个硬麦;白度<60的品种占比4.3%,均为硬质小麦。鲜面片保持0、2、4和24 h时白度变幅分别在16.8~42.6、15.5~39.1、12.7~35.4和13.0~36.9,较面粉白度大幅降低。面粉白度>70的有13份品种,占比12.8%,分别为扬麦15、扬麦20、扬麦25、扬麦13、扬麦42、扬麦45、华麦14号、宁麦资518、川麦104、泛麦8号、绵麦902、川麦42和川麦93,均为软质小麦,可作为高白度小麦新品种培育的优良亲本。4份小麦品种的面粉白度<60,最低为56.4(表2)。
根据面粉和鲜面片0、2、4和24 h的白度和亮度L*值对94份小麦资源进行聚类分析,结果(图2)表明,类群Ⅰ包含8份样品,分别为川麦93、扬麦20、川麦104、川麦42、绵麦902、泛麦8号、烟农1212和扬麦45;面粉白度平均值72.6,变幅69.6~74.7,L*平均值92.0,变幅91.1~92.5;鲜面片0、2、4和24 h白度平均值分别为37.4、34.4、31.4和30.8,变幅分别为34.1~42.2、29.7~39.1、27.4~35.4和28.3~36.9,L*平均值分别为81.2、79.0、77.2和73.3,变幅分别为78.7~82.8、78.0~80.9、76.6~77.8和70.9~77.6。类群Ⅱ包含74份样品,面粉白度平均值65.8,变幅60.0~71.6。类群Ⅲ包含1份样品,面粉白度64.4。类群Ⅳ包含11份样品,面粉白度平均值61.5,变幅56.4~67.5。
面粉与鲜面片色泽的相关性分析中(图3),面粉白度和L*值与鲜面片白度和L*值均呈显著正相关,与面粉的a*值、b*值和鲜面片的a*值、b*值呈显著负相关,这表明鲜面片与面粉色泽指标相关性表现一致,且放置不同时间的鲜面片色泽指标相关性表现一致。
图3可知,94份不同品质类型小麦品种的面粉白度(CR-700R)平均值为65.9,变幅为56.4~74.7,变异系数为5.6%;L*值平均值为90.4,变幅为87.9~92.5,变异系数为1.0%;L*值较面粉白度分布集中,面粉白度变异幅度较大,表明面粉白度更能反映试验样品差异。
籽粒蛋白质含量最大的为师栾02-1(18.0%),最小的为川麦104(9.4%);千粒重最大的为宁麦资999(63.6 g),最小的为明麦13(36.6 g);籽粒硬度最大的为农麦156(74.7),最小的为扬麦25(49.4);湿面筋含量最大的为中麦895(42.9%),最小的为扬麦37(18.0%);沉降值最大的为百农4199(80.5 mL),最小的为郑麦379(38.0 mL)。
粉质质量指数的变异系数(131.4%)在所有理化品质指标分析中最大,其次为稳定时间和面团形成时间;试验品种的面团稳定时间平均值为7.3 min,变幅为0.9~37.8 min,变异系数为88.8%;面团形成时间平均值为2.7 min,变幅为1.2~16.2 min,变异系数为83.8%;表明粉质仪参数对试验样品的分布差异影响较大。淀粉糊化特性指标中低谷黏度的变异系数最大,低谷黏度的平均值为1380.6 cP,变幅为43.5~1891.0 cP,变异系数为28.2%(表3)。每份小麦的品质指标详见网络增强出版附加材料附表1。
图4所示,在94份小麦材料中,白度与L*值呈极显著正相关,与a*值和b*值呈极显著负相关;L*值也与a*值和b*值呈极显著负相关;a*值与b*值则呈极显著正相关。在94份小麦材料中,白度与稀懈值和糊化温度呈极显著正相关,与面筋指数显著正相关;与籽粒蛋白质含量、籽粒硬度、湿面筋含量、面团形成时间和稳定时间呈极显著负相关,与硬度的负相关性最强(r=-0.83);与低谷黏度、最终黏度和回生值呈显著负相关。L*值与糊化温度呈极显著正相关;与籽粒蛋白质含量、籽粒硬度、湿面筋含量、吸水率、面团形成时间和稳定时间呈显著负相关。a*值则与籽粒蛋白质含量、籽粒硬度、吸水率、稳定时间、峰值黏度、低谷黏度、最终黏度和回生值呈极显著正相关,与面筋指数和峰值时间呈显著正相关;而与糊化温度呈极显著负相关。b*值则与籽粒蛋白质含量、籽粒硬度、湿面筋含量、吸水率、面团形成时间和稳定时间呈极显著正相关,和低谷黏度呈显著正相关;而与面筋指数、稀懈值和糊化温度呈极显著负相关。
以籽粒蛋白质含量、千粒重、籽粒硬度、湿面筋含量、面筋指数、沉降值、糊化温度、峰值时间、回生值、吸水率、面团形成时间、稳定时间、峰值黏度、低谷黏度、稀懈值和最终黏度为自变量,面粉白度为因变量进行逐步回归分析,最终余下籽粒蛋白质含量、籽粒硬度、面筋指数、沉降值、糊化温度和稀懈值6项指标,可解释面粉白度80.9%的变异(R2=0.809)。公式为:面粉白度=60.759-0.530×籽粒蛋白质含量-0.370×籽粒硬度+0.047×面筋指数+0.054×沉降值+0.413×糊化温度+0.003×稀懈值(F=61.283,P<0.05),未发现显著的共线性问题,自相关性检验表明不存在自相关问题,各变量之间存在良好的关联关系,模型拟合效果较好。面筋指数、沉降值和稀懈值对面粉白度产生显著正向影响;籽粒蛋白质含量和籽粒硬度对面粉白度产生显著负向影响。
检测到包含籽粒硬度基因Pinb-D1Pina-D1任意1个突变型的品种共49份,含Pinb-B2b的品种共18份,频率分别为59.0%和19.2%。低多酚氧化酶活性等位变异Ppo-A1bPpo-D1a、高脂肪氧化酶活性等位变异Lox-B1a以及高过氧化物酶活性等位变异TaPod-A1b均为优异等位变异,频率分别为21.3%、3.9%、0.0%和8.0%。籽粒黄色素含量/类胡萝卜素合成优异基因包括Psy-A1bPsy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaPds-B1bTaZds-A1aTaLyc-B1b,频率分别为0.0%、98.9%、96.6%、78.5%、5.3%和53.8%(表4)。将相关分子标记与面粉和鲜面片的白度值相关联,结果表明,籽粒硬度基因检测为软质(Pinb-D1aPina-D1a)的小麦面粉和鲜面片白度整体高于硬质小麦;检测到与色素降解有关的氧化酶基因(Ppo-A1bPpo-D1aTaPod-A1b)表现的品种面粉和鲜面片白度相对较高;检测到籽粒黄色素含量或类胡萝卜素合成有利基因(Psy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaPds- B1bTaLyc-B1b)表现的品种面粉和鲜面片白度相对较高,而检测到TaZds-A1a有利基因的品种白度略低。每份小麦的KASP标记检测结果详见网络增强出版附加材料附表2。
统计发现白度值高的区域划分中软质小麦占比较高,因此以硬度值及相关基因为指标将94份材料分为硬质小麦(Pinb-D1bPina-D1b)和软质小麦(Pinb-D1aPina-D1a)。结果(表5)表明,硬质小麦面粉a*值和b*值均大于软质小麦;白度和L*小于软质小麦,白度差异显著。硬质小麦面粉白度在56.4~67.0,软质小麦白度在66.1~74.7,其中硬质小麦品种只有周麦36(白度67.0)大于软质小麦中白度值最低的宁麦33(白度66.1)。软质小麦面粉白度达市场标准的包括川麦93、泛麦8号、绵麦902、宁麦资518、华麦14号和扬麦45等13份小麦品种;硬质小麦中周麦36、淮麦33、扬辐麦15和宁麦资218等品种白度较高。白度值大于70的13份材料中Psy-B1a/bPsy-D1a的频率为100.0%,TaPds-B1b的频率为84.6%,TaLyc-B1b的频率为61.5%,Ppo-A1b的频率为46.2%,Ppo-D1a的频率为16.7%,TaPod-A1b的频率为18.2%,优质基因在高白度材料分布频率比整体材料高。检测含“Psy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaPds-B1bTaLyc-B1b”组合的有5份品种,“Ppo-A1bPsy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaPds-B1b”组合的有5份品种,“Psy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaPds-B1b”组合有10份品种,“Psy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaLyc-B1b”组合有7份品种。优质基因组合在高白度小麦品种中高频率分布。
刘娜等[11]以71份新疆小麦品种为材料,胡瑞波等[38]以16份色泽差异较大的材料开展研究,均发现面粉白度与籽粒硬度呈极显著负相关。本研究相关分析结果与之相符,面粉白度与籽粒硬度呈极显著负相关,且负相关性最强(r=-0.83),表明籽粒硬度是面粉白度的关键品质影响指标。硬度用于评价胚乳质地软硬程度,当胚乳细胞间充填紧密且无空气间隙时硬度高,胚乳呈半透明状态;胚乳细胞结合松散时硬度低,籽粒呈粉质状态,软质小麦多为粉质且白度较高[14,39-40]。小麦硬度由胚乳细胞中淀粉和蛋白质的黏结作用以及淀粉间蛋白质基质的连续性共同决定,因此蛋白质和淀粉也与面粉白度相关。
姜小苓等[9]以216份不同麦区的小麦品种为材料研究发现,面粉白度与籽粒蛋白含量(r=-0.36)和面团形成时间(r=-0.207)呈极显著负相关;而王霖等[10]以8份不同白度的小麦品种为材料研究发现,面粉白度与蛋白质含量、干面筋含量、湿面筋含量和面筋指数相关性极小。本研究相关分析表明,面粉白度与籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、面团形成时间和稳定时间等蛋白相关指标呈极显著负相关,与面筋指数显著正相关,这一结果与多数研究[2-9]基本一致,但与部分研究[10-11]不一致,推测是因环境及试验材料差异,且部分研究供试材料较少所致。硬质小麦蛋白质含量较高且淀粉含量低,大量蛋白质分子暴露在外,面粉颗粒度大,对光线散射多[41],导致白度值下降。王君婵等[42]以10个江苏沿淮小麦为研究材料发现,面粉白度与稀懈值和糊化温度呈极显著正相关。本研究相关分析结果与之相符,显示面粉白度与稀懈值和糊化温度呈极显著正相关,与低谷黏度、最终黏度和回生值等淀粉糊化特性参数指标呈显著负相关。淀粉糊化参数高的多为弱筋小麦[43],弱筋小麦结合松散,白度值较高。逐步回归方程结果表明,籽粒蛋白质含量、籽粒硬度、面筋指数、沉降值、糊化温度和稀懈值可解释小麦白度80.9%的变异,说明白度与籽粒硬度、蛋白质和淀粉相关品质指标关系密切。
低多酚氧化酶活性、高脂肪氧化酶活性以及低黄色素含量是小麦品质育种的重要目标[29]。其中,多酚氧化酶是导致面粉在存放期间发生褐化的主要原因[44]。张立平等[45]研究发现,多酚氧化酶基因在2AL和2DL上的主效位点对表型变异的解释率均在25%以上。高活性的脂肪氧化酶和高活性的过氧化物酶对面粉具有增白效果[27]。本研究结果显示,Ppo-A1b基因型占比21.3%,Ppo-D1a基因型仅占比3.9%,未检测到Lox-B1a基因型,TaPod-A1b基因型占比8.0%。小麦籽粒黄色素含量主要受主效基因Psy-A1Psy-B1调控[20]。本研究中未检测到Psy-A1b基因型,Psy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaPds-B1b基因型的比例较高。目前,国内品种尤其是长江中下游麦区品种,缺乏Ppo-A1bPpo- D1aLox-B1aTaPod-A1b等氧化酶优异基因型,以及Psy-A1bTaZds-A1a等黄色素优异基因型,育种家应予以重视。
如前文所述,面粉白度与籽粒硬度呈极显著负相关。本研究中,软质小麦白度(69.9)整体高于硬质小麦(63.2),因此,硬质小麦白度和色泽改良是一大难题[46]。不过,考虑到供试材料来源广泛,不同地域环境下的种植结果可能存在差异。本研究筛选出周麦36、淮麦33、扬辐麦15和宁麦资218等白度较好的硬质小麦品种。其中,周麦36的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和沉降值较高,且其面粉白度略高于软质小麦宁麦33,这可能是因为周麦36聚集了Ppo-A1bTaPod-A1bPsy-B1a/bPsy-D1a等优异等位变异。对于高白度硬质小麦,其硬度基因多为Pinb-D1bPina-D1b基因型,应聚合Ppo-A1bPpo-D1aLox-B1aTaPod-A1b等氧化酶变异基因型,以及籽粒黄色素含量或类胡萝卜素合成优异基因型[47]。同时,加大育种材料相关酶活性和色素等表型的筛选力度,结合现代新型生物技术,配套相应的栽培措施,全方位加强面粉白度及稳定性的改良。此外,本研究还筛选出了川麦93、绵麦902、泛麦8号、宁麦资518、华麦14号和扬麦45等13个高白度软质小麦品种,其白度均高于硬质小麦,且优异色泽基因等位变异的比率高于整体材料,可作为色泽改良的优异亲本。后续小麦品种改良工作中,应加强优良亲本的利用,注重色泽优异基因的聚合,并强化相关表型的筛选,以逐步提升小麦品种的白度与色泽品质。
面粉白度与籽粒蛋白质含量、籽粒硬度、湿面筋含量、面团形成时间及稳定时间呈极显著负相关;与低谷黏度、最终黏度和回生值呈显著负相关;与亮度L*值、稀懈值和糊化温度呈极显著正相关。籽粒蛋白质含量、籽粒硬度、面筋指数、沉降值、糊化温度和稀懈值可解释面粉白度80.9%的变异。品质基因变异位点Pinb-D1bPina-D1bPpo-A1bPpo-D1aTaPod-A1bLox-B1aPsy-A1bPsy-B1a/bPsy-D1aTaPds-B1bTaZds-A1aTaLyc-B1b的分布频率分别为54.7%、2.2%、21.3%、3.9%、8.0%、0.0%、0.0%、98.9%、96.6%、78.5%、5.3%和53.8%,同一基因的不同变异类型会导致小麦色泽存在差异。筛选出扬麦15、扬麦25、川麦93、绵麦902和扬麦45等13个高白度软质小麦品种,以及周麦36、淮麦33、扬辐麦15和宁麦资218等白度较高的硬质小麦品种。
  • 国家自然科学基金(32071999)
  • 江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2021335)
  • 国家农业生物育种重大项目课题任务(2023ZD0402504)
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2026年第42卷第2期
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doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.001
  • 接收时间:2024-12-09
  • 首发时间:2026-04-30
  • 出版时间:2026-04-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09
  • 修回日期:2025-01-17
基金
国家自然科学基金(32071999)
江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2021335)
国家农业生物育种重大项目课题任务(2023ZD0402504)
作者信息
    1长江大学农学院, 434025, 湖北荆州
    2江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所/农业农村部长江中下游小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 225007, 江苏扬州
    3扬州大学农学院/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 225009, 江苏扬州

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高德荣,研究方向为小麦品质遗传育种,E-mail:
张晓为共同通信作者,研究方向为小麦品质遗传育种,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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