Article(id=1256541031760278380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256541004312731999, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1728403200000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-09, revisedDate=1733155200000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-03, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1777512327374, onlineDateStr=2026-04-30, pubDate=1771084800000, pubDateStr=2026-02-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1777512327374, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1777512327374, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1777512327374, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1256541004312731999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, year='2026', volume='42', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='270', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1777512320831, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1777512485032, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1256541693206213337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256541004312731999, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1256541693210407642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256541004312731999, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=15, endPage=19, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1256541036877329299, articleId=1256541031760278380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, language=EN, title=Identification of Disease Resistant Genes in Xinjiang Spring Wheat Materials Based on KASP Technology, columnId=null, journalTitle=Crops, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To identify the distribution of disease resistance functional genes in Xinjiang spring wheat materials and provide materials for genetic improvement of wheat disease resistance breeding, KASP technology was employed to detect genes associated with resistance to stripe rust, leaf rust, powdery mildew, and Fusarium head blight in 549 Xinjiang spring wheat materials. The results showed that 121 materials carried five stripe rust resistance alleles with relatively high frequencies (QYrqin.nwafu-2AL, Yr29, QYrsn.nwafu-1BL, QYrqin.nwafu- 6BS, Yr78); 352 materials carried two leaf rust resistance alleles with relatively high frequencies (Lr67, Lr46); and 142 materials carried three Fusarium head blight resistance alleles with relatively high frequencies (QFhb.Hbaas-5AS, QFhb.hbaas-5AL, QFhb.caas-5AL). No presence of the five powdery mildew resistance genes (Pm12, Pm21, Pm2a, Pm5e, PmV) was detected in any of the materials. In summary, Xinjiang spring wheat varieties exhibited high frequencies of resistance genes for stripe rust, leaf rust, and Fusarium head blight, but a notable lack of resistance sources for powdery mildew. Therefore, it is crucial to focus on introducing and utilizing new powdery mildew resistant materials to improve the disease resistance breeding capacity of Xinjiang spring wheat.

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鉴定了新疆春小麦的抗病性状功能基因分布,旨在为小麦抗病育种遗传改良提供材料。利用KASP技术对549份新疆春小麦材料的抗条锈病、抗叶锈病、抗白粉病及抗赤霉病性相关基因进行检测,结果显示,121份材料携带5个占比较高的抗条锈病等位基因(QYrqin.nwafu-2ALYr29QYrsn.nwafu-1BLQYrqin.nwafu-6BSYr78),352份材料携带2个占比较高的抗叶锈病等位基因(Lr67Lr46),142份材料携带3个占比较高的抗赤霉病等位基因(QFhb.hbaas-5ASQFhb.hbaas-5ALQFhb.caas-5AL),所有材料均未检测到5个抗白粉病基因(Pm12Pm21Pm2aPm5ePmV)。综上,新疆春小麦品种条锈病、叶锈病和赤霉病抗性基因频率较高,而白粉病抗源缺乏,育种中应注重引进并利用新的抗白粉病材料,以提高新疆春小麦抗病育种能力。

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李建疆,研究方向为春小麦育种与栽培,E-mail:
梁晓东为共同通信作者,研究方向为春小麦育种与栽培,E-mail:
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贾永红,研究方向为春小麦育种与栽培,E-mail:

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Evaluation of functional kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers for selection of drought-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes. Functional Plant Biology, 2023, 51(1):23032., articleTitle=Evaluation of functional kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers for selection of drought-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256541115356951082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=64, pageEnd=71, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=单子龙, 班进福, 赵彦坤, journalName=作物杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=单子龙, 班进福, 赵彦坤, . 河北省小麦品质相关基因的KASP标记检测. 作物杂志, 2020(4):64-71., articleTitle=河北省小麦品质相关基因的KASP标记检测, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256541115503751724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=57, issue=1, pageStart=18, pageEnd=33, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=周警卫, 叶博伟, 张朋飞, journalName=中国农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周警卫, 叶博伟, 张朋飞, . 国内外153份小麦种质条锈病抗性鉴定与评价. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(1):18-33., articleTitle=国内外153份小麦种质条锈病抗性鉴定与评价, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256541115755409969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=45, issue=2, pageStart=175, pageEnd=187, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=汪尊杰, 胡文静, 高德荣, journalName=麦类作物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=汪尊杰, 胡文静, 高德荣, . 长江中下游小麦新品系赤霉病和白粉病抗性评估与抗病基因检测. 麦类作物学报, 2025, 45(2):175-187., articleTitle=长江中下游小麦新品系赤霉病和白粉病抗性评估与抗病基因检测, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256541116082565687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=44, issue=5, pageStart=567, pageEnd=576, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=张琪琪, 刘方方, 万映秀, journalName=麦类作物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张琪琪, 刘方方, 万映秀, . 小麦新品系赤霉病抗性鉴定及基因效应分析. 麦类作物学报, 2024, 44(5):567-576., articleTitle=小麦新品系赤霉病抗性鉴定及基因效应分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256541116363584057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=3, pageStart=575, pageEnd=583, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=邓清燕, 罗江陶, 郑建敏, journalName=西南农业学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邓清燕, 罗江陶, 郑建敏, . 四川抗赤霉病小麦品种(系)抗病基因检测. 西南农业学报, 2023, 36(3):575-583., articleTitle=四川抗赤霉病小麦品种(系)抗病基因检测, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256541116539744830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=1, pageStart=26, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=张华, 任勇, 何员江, journalName=麦类作物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张华, 任勇, 何员江, . 153份四川小麦主推品种和后备品系抗病基因的分子检测. 麦类作物学报, 2022, 42(1):26-35., articleTitle=153份四川小麦主推品种和后备品系抗病基因的分子检测, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1256541103004725653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, awardId=2023CT01, language=CN, fundingSource=庭州科技创新团队项目(引领型)“小麦种质资源表型、功能基因标记鉴定与应用创新团队”(2023CT01), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1256541103390601625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, awardId=2023B02006, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目课题“优质抗逆稳产小麦新品种选育与推广”(2023B02006), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1256541051926492150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256541052278813687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, companyId=1256541051926492150, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Grain Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256541052320756728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, companyId=1256541051926492150, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院作物研究所,830091,新疆乌鲁木齐)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1256541095090073928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

KASP detection results of stripe rust resistance genes

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基因
Gene
感病Susceptible 抗病Disease-resistant 杂合型Heterozygous 缺失值NA 未知功能Unknown function
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
Yr5 421 76.68 95 17.30 33 6.01 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr26 404 73.59 142 25.87 3 0.55 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr29 2 0.36 547 99.64 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr30 100 18.21 252 45.90 5 0.91 192 34.97 0 0.00
Yr75 312 56.83 230 41.89 7 1.28 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr78 246 44.81 302 55.01 1 0.18 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr80 275 50.09 270 49.18 4 0.73 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr82 468 85.25 74 13.48 7 1.28 0 0.00 0 0.00
YrZH58 362 65.94 183 33.33 4 0.73 0 0.00 0 0.00
YrSP 516 93.99 0 0.00 0 0.00 33 6.01 0 0.00
QYrsn.nwafu-1BL 134 24.41 373 67.94 7 1.28 35 6.38 0 0.00
QYrxn.nwafu-1BL 344 62.66 203 36.98 2 0.36 0 0.00 0 0.00
QYrsn.nwafu-2AS 374 68.12 32 5.83 4 0.73 139 25.32 0 0.00
QYrqin.nwafu-2AL 1 0.18 548 99.82 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00
QYrhm.nwafu-2BC 40 7.29 140 25.50 2 0.36 1 0.18 0 0.00
QYrqin.nwafu-2BL 429 78.14 86 15.66 31 5.65 3 0.55 0 0.00
QYr.nwafu-3BS 7 1.28 166 30.24 375 68.31 1 0.18 0 0.00
QYrsn.nwafu-3DL 409 74.50 133 24.23 5 0.91 0 0.00 0 0.00
QYr.nwafu-4BL 494 89.98 52 9.47 3 0.55 0 0.00 0 0.00
QYrsn.nwafu-6BS 482 87.80 47 8.56 16 2.91 4 0.73 0 0.00
QYrqin.nwafu-6BS 182 33.15 362 65.94 5 0.91 0 0.00 0 0.00
), ArticleFig(id=1256541096654549327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

条锈病抗性基因的KASP检测结果

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基因
Gene
感病Susceptible 抗病Disease-resistant 杂合型Heterozygous 缺失值NA 未知功能Unknown function
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
Yr5 421 76.68 95 17.30 33 6.01 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr26 404 73.59 142 25.87 3 0.55 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr29 2 0.36 547 99.64 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr30 100 18.21 252 45.90 5 0.91 192 34.97 0 0.00
Yr75 312 56.83 230 41.89 7 1.28 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr78 246 44.81 302 55.01 1 0.18 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr80 275 50.09 270 49.18 4 0.73 0 0.00 0 0.00
Yr82 468 85.25 74 13.48 7 1.28 0 0.00 0 0.00
YrZH58 362 65.94 183 33.33 4 0.73 0 0.00 0 0.00
YrSP 516 93.99 0 0.00 0 0.00 33 6.01 0 0.00
QYrsn.nwafu-1BL 134 24.41 373 67.94 7 1.28 35 6.38 0 0.00
QYrxn.nwafu-1BL 344 62.66 203 36.98 2 0.36 0 0.00 0 0.00
QYrsn.nwafu-2AS 374 68.12 32 5.83 4 0.73 139 25.32 0 0.00
QYrqin.nwafu-2AL 1 0.18 548 99.82 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00
QYrhm.nwafu-2BC 40 7.29 140 25.50 2 0.36 1 0.18 0 0.00
QYrqin.nwafu-2BL 429 78.14 86 15.66 31 5.65 3 0.55 0 0.00
QYr.nwafu-3BS 7 1.28 166 30.24 375 68.31 1 0.18 0 0.00
QYrsn.nwafu-3DL 409 74.50 133 24.23 5 0.91 0 0.00 0 0.00
QYr.nwafu-4BL 494 89.98 52 9.47 3 0.55 0 0.00 0 0.00
QYrsn.nwafu-6BS 482 87.80 47 8.56 16 2.91 4 0.73 0 0.00
QYrqin.nwafu-6BS 182 33.15 362 65.94 5 0.91 0 0.00 0 0.00
), ArticleFig(id=1256541097090756950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

KASP detection results of leaf rust resistance genes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因
Gene
感病Susceptible 抗病Disease-resistant 杂合型Heterozygous 缺失值NA 未知功能Unknown function
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
Lr13 254 46.27 37 6.74 5 0.91 253 46.08 0 0.00
Lr21 548 99.82 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.18 0 0.00
Lr37 395 71.95 151 27.50 2 0.36 1 0.18 0 0.00
Lr46 195 35.52 352 64.12 2 0.36 0 0.00 0 0.00
Lr67 0 0.00 548 99.82 0 0.00 1 0.18 0 0.00
Lr68 458 83.42 87 15.85 3 0.55 1 0.18 0 0.00
Lr80 547 99.64 0 0.00 0 0.00 2 0.36 0 0.00
), ArticleFig(id=1256541097573101920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

叶锈病抗性基因的KASP检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因
Gene
感病Susceptible 抗病Disease-resistant 杂合型Heterozygous 缺失值NA 未知功能Unknown function
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
Lr13 254 46.27 37 6.74 5 0.91 253 46.08 0 0.00
Lr21 548 99.82 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.18 0 0.00
Lr37 395 71.95 151 27.50 2 0.36 1 0.18 0 0.00
Lr46 195 35.52 352 64.12 2 0.36 0 0.00 0 0.00
Lr67 0 0.00 548 99.82 0 0.00 1 0.18 0 0.00
Lr68 458 83.42 87 15.85 3 0.55 1 0.18 0 0.00
Lr80 547 99.64 0 0.00 0 0.00 2 0.36 0 0.00
), ArticleFig(id=1256541098403574121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

KASP detection results of powdery mildew resistance genes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因
Gene
感病Susceptible 抗病Disease-resistant 杂合型Heterozygous 缺失值NA 未知功能Unknown function
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
Pm12 543 98.91 0 0.00 0 0.00 6 1.09 0 0.00
Pm21 548 99.82 0 0.00 1 0.18 0 0.00 0 0.00
Pm2a 549 100.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00
Pm5e 466 84.88 0 0.00 0 0.00 83 15.12 0 0.00
PmV 544 99.09 0 0.00 0 0.00 5 0.91 0 0.00
), ArticleFig(id=1256541099225657716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

白粉病抗性基因的KASP检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因
Gene
感病Susceptible 抗病Disease-resistant 杂合型Heterozygous 缺失值NA 未知功能Unknown function
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
Pm12 543 98.91 0 0.00 0 0.00 6 1.09 0 0.00
Pm21 548 99.82 0 0.00 1 0.18 0 0.00 0 0.00
Pm2a 549 100.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00
Pm5e 466 84.88 0 0.00 0 0.00 83 15.12 0 0.00
PmV 544 99.09 0 0.00 0 0.00 5 0.91 0 0.00
), ArticleFig(id=1256541101121483136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

KASP detection results of Fusarium head blight resistance genes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因
Gene
感病Susceptible 抗病Disease-resistant 杂合型Heterozygous 缺失值NA 未知功能Unknown function
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
QFhb.caas-3BL
508 92.53 40 7.29 0 0.00 1 0.18 0 0.00
QFhb.caas-5AL 268 48.82 275 50.09 5 0.91 0 0.00 0 0.00
QFhb.hbaas-1AS
432 78.69 0 0.00 2 0.36 0 0.00 115 20.95
QFhb.hbaas-5AS 115 20.95 432 78.69 2 0.36 0 0.00 0 0.00
QFhb.hbaas-5AL 135 24.59 411 74.86 3 0.55 0 0.00 0 0.00
Fhb1-His 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.18 548 99.82
), ArticleFig(id=1256541101733851525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256541031760278380, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

赤霉病抗性基因的KASP检测结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因
Gene
感病Susceptible 抗病Disease-resistant 杂合型Heterozygous 缺失值NA 未知功能Unknown function
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
数量
Number
频率
Frequency
(%)
QFhb.caas-3BL
508 92.53 40 7.29 0 0.00 1 0.18 0 0.00
QFhb.caas-5AL 268 48.82 275 50.09 5 0.91 0 0.00 0 0.00
QFhb.hbaas-1AS
432 78.69 0 0.00 2 0.36 0 0.00 115 20.95
QFhb.hbaas-5AS 115 20.95 432 78.69 2 0.36 0 0.00 0 0.00
QFhb.hbaas-5AL 135 24.59 411 74.86 3 0.55 0 0.00 0 0.00
Fhb1-His 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.18 548 99.82
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基于KASP技术鉴定新疆春小麦材料抗病基因
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贾永红 , 魏海鹏 , 曾潮武 , 刘俊 , 陈艳妮 , 李建疆 , 梁晓东
作物杂志 | 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 2026,42(1): 15-19
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作物杂志 | 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 2026, 42(1): 15-19
基于KASP技术鉴定新疆春小麦材料抗病基因
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贾永红 , 魏海鹏, 曾潮武, 刘俊, 陈艳妮, 李建疆 , 梁晓东
作者信息
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院作物研究所,830091,新疆乌鲁木齐
  • 贾永红,研究方向为春小麦育种与栽培,E-mail:

通讯作者:

李建疆,研究方向为春小麦育种与栽培,E-mail:
梁晓东为共同通信作者,研究方向为春小麦育种与栽培,E-mail:
Identification of Disease Resistant Genes in Xinjiang Spring Wheat Materials Based on KASP Technology
Yonghong Jia , Haipeng Wei, Chaowu Zeng, Jun Liu, Yanni Chen, Jianjiang Li , Xiaodong Liang
Affiliations
  • Institute of Grain Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China
出版时间: 2026-02-15 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.003
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鉴定了新疆春小麦的抗病性状功能基因分布,旨在为小麦抗病育种遗传改良提供材料。利用KASP技术对549份新疆春小麦材料的抗条锈病、抗叶锈病、抗白粉病及抗赤霉病性相关基因进行检测,结果显示,121份材料携带5个占比较高的抗条锈病等位基因(QYrqin.nwafu-2ALYr29QYrsn.nwafu-1BLQYrqin.nwafu-6BSYr78),352份材料携带2个占比较高的抗叶锈病等位基因(Lr67Lr46),142份材料携带3个占比较高的抗赤霉病等位基因(QFhb.hbaas-5ASQFhb.hbaas-5ALQFhb.caas-5AL),所有材料均未检测到5个抗白粉病基因(Pm12Pm21Pm2aPm5ePmV)。综上,新疆春小麦品种条锈病、叶锈病和赤霉病抗性基因频率较高,而白粉病抗源缺乏,育种中应注重引进并利用新的抗白粉病材料,以提高新疆春小麦抗病育种能力。

小麦  /  抗病性  /  KASP  /  标记检测

To identify the distribution of disease resistance functional genes in Xinjiang spring wheat materials and provide materials for genetic improvement of wheat disease resistance breeding, KASP technology was employed to detect genes associated with resistance to stripe rust, leaf rust, powdery mildew, and Fusarium head blight in 549 Xinjiang spring wheat materials. The results showed that 121 materials carried five stripe rust resistance alleles with relatively high frequencies (QYrqin.nwafu-2AL, Yr29, QYrsn.nwafu-1BL, QYrqin.nwafu- 6BS, Yr78); 352 materials carried two leaf rust resistance alleles with relatively high frequencies (Lr67, Lr46); and 142 materials carried three Fusarium head blight resistance alleles with relatively high frequencies (QFhb.Hbaas-5AS, QFhb.hbaas-5AL, QFhb.caas-5AL). No presence of the five powdery mildew resistance genes (Pm12, Pm21, Pm2a, Pm5e, PmV) was detected in any of the materials. In summary, Xinjiang spring wheat varieties exhibited high frequencies of resistance genes for stripe rust, leaf rust, and Fusarium head blight, but a notable lack of resistance sources for powdery mildew. Therefore, it is crucial to focus on introducing and utilizing new powdery mildew resistant materials to improve the disease resistance breeding capacity of Xinjiang spring wheat.

Wheat  /  Disease resistance  /  KASP  /  Marker detection
贾永红, 魏海鹏, 曾潮武, 刘俊, 陈艳妮, 李建疆, 梁晓东. 基于KASP技术鉴定新疆春小麦材料抗病基因. 作物杂志, 2026 , 42 (1) : 15 -19 . DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.003
Yonghong Jia, Haipeng Wei, Chaowu Zeng, Jun Liu, Yanni Chen, Jianjiang Li, Xiaodong Liang. Identification of Disease Resistant Genes in Xinjiang Spring Wheat Materials Based on KASP Technology[J]. Crops, 2026 , 42 (1) : 15 -19 . DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.003
我国小麦种植面积、单产及产量均居世界前列[1-2]。据国家统计局数据[3],2023年我国小麦种植面积达2.36×107 hm2,单产为5.78×103 kg/hm2,总产量达1.37×108 t。然而,条锈病、叶锈病、白粉病及赤霉病作为小麦四大传统病害,每年对我国小麦产量和品质均造成严重影响,损失难以估量[4]。据统计[5],我国小麦白粉病常年发生面积约7万hm2,一般年份可导致小麦减产10%~30%,大流行年份减产幅度甚至在45%以上。在国家倡导农药减量化使用的背景下,培育筛选抗病种质资源对于从源头降低小麦病害影响、减少农药用量以及减轻环境压力至关重要且迫在眉睫[6-7]。小麦品种的抗病性主要取决于其是否携带抗病基因,KASP标记技术凭借其可靠、不受环境条件限制且操作简单的优势,能够快速高效地检测小麦抗病基因,目前已在小麦抗病基因分析与鉴定中得到广泛应用[6-9]。研究人员运用KASP标记技术,对84个小麦抗条锈病基因(Yr26Yr29等)、81个抗叶锈病基因(Yr21Yr29等)、63个抗白粉病基因(Pm2aPm5e等)以及7个抗赤霉病基因(QFhb.hbaas- 1ASFhb1-His等)进行筛选,为小麦抗病育种提供理论支持[10-13]。王荣等[8]通过检测Yr5Yr9等9个抗条锈病基因标记,筛选出115份抗条锈病水平较高的种质资源;高洁等[14]、高新等[9]和闫金龙等[6]分别利用KASP标记技术对山东、新疆及晋东南地区的小麦品种进行基因检测,并将检测结果作为指导小麦育种的重要依据。目前,KASP标记技术检测的材料多以当地主栽品种、育种骨干亲本及其衍生品系为主,而针对来源广泛的大批量小麦品种及育种亲本进行抗条锈病、叶锈病、白粉病及赤霉病多个基因的分子检测鲜有报道。本研究以549份新疆春小麦品种为材料,利用KASP标记技术探究不同春小麦品种抗病性状功能基因的分布情况,旨在为小麦抗病育种提供理论依据。
供试材料为549份春小麦种质资源,其中地方品种147份,自育品种402份,保存于新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院作物研究所(网络增强出版附加材料附表1)。
每个材料选取5粒均匀饱满的小麦种子,置于一次性培养皿中,加水浸泡约24 h,待种子露白后挑选生长一致的3粒种子,种植于装有育苗基质的塑料盆内,在人工气候室(23 ℃光照/18 ℃黑暗,16 h光照/8 h黑暗)培养7 d后,每株取3个叶片,称取0.5 g叶片,将其剪碎后装入2 mL离心管中,置于-20 ℃条件下暂时保存,后续进行DNA提取。
标记21个条锈病相关基因:Yr5、Yr26、Yr29、Yr30、Yr75、Yr78、Yr80、Yr82、YrZH58、YrSP、QYrsn.nwafu-1BL、QYrxn.nwafu-1BL、QYrsn.nwafu-2AS、QYrqin.nwafu-2AL、QYrhm.nwafu-2BC、QYrqin.nwafu-2BL、QYr.nwafu-3BS、QYrsn.nwafu-3DL、QYr.nwafu-4BL、QYrsn.nwafu-6BS和QYrqin.nwafu-6BS;7个叶锈病相关基因:Lr13、Lr21、Lr37、Lr46、Lr67、Lr68和Lr80;5个白粉病相关基因:Pm12、Pm21、Pm2a、Pm5e和PmV;6个赤霉病相关基因:QFhb.hbaas-1AS、Fhb1-His、Qfhb.caas-3BL、QFhb.hbaas-5AS、QFhb.hbaas-5AL和QFhb.caas-5AL。
由21个条锈病相关微效基因的KASP分布(表1)可知,感条锈病等位基因中13个占比较高,分布频率从高到低依次为YrSP(93.99%)、QYr.nwafu-4BL(89.98%)、QYrsn.nwafu-6BS(87.80%)、Yr82(85.25%)、QYrqin.nwafu-2BL(78.14%)、Yr5(76.68%)、QYrsn.nwafu-3DL(74.50%)、Yr26(73.59%)、QYrsn.nwafu-2AS(68.12%)、YrZH58(65.94%)、QYrxn.nwafu-1BL(62.66%)、Yr75(56.83%)和Yr80(50.09%)。筛选出含有上述13个等位基因的种质资源12份,其中地方品种2份(新春48号和粮春1242),自育品种10份(2019J/7、2019Z/891、2134、J/34、J/47、Z/152、Z/206、Z/1014、Z/1015和Z/1023)。抗条锈病等位基因中5个占比较高,分布频率从高到低依次为QYrqin.nwafu-2AL(99.82%)、Yr29(99.64%)、QYrsn.nwafu-1BL(67.94%)、QYrqin.nwafu-6BS(65.94%)和Yr78(55.01%)。筛选出含有上述5个等位基因的种质资源121份,其中地方品种21份,自育品种100份。此外,QYr.nwafu-3BS基因杂合型材料375份,分布频率为68.31%;Yr30QYrsn.nwafu-2AS基因缺失材料分别有192和139份,分布频率分别为34.97%和25.32%。
由7个叶锈病相关微效基因的KASP分布(表2)可知,感叶锈病等位基因中4个占比较高,分布频率从高到低依次为Lr21(99.82%)、Lr80(99.64%)、Lr68(83.42%)和Lr37(71.95%)。筛选出含有上述4个等位基因的种质资源368份,其中地方品种134份,自育品种234份。抗叶锈病等位基因中Lr67Lr46占比较高,分别为99.82%和64.12%,筛选出含有上述2个等位基因的种质资源352份,其中地方品种70份,自育品种282份。所有材料均未检测到抗叶锈病等位基因Lr21,说明在新疆春小麦品种中抗叶锈病等位基因Lr21利用频率低;此外,Lr13基因缺失材料253份,分布频率为46.08%。
由5个白粉病相关微效基因的KASP分布(表3)可知,感白粉病等位基因中5个占比较高,分布频率从高到低依次为Pm2a(100.00%)、Pm21(99.82%)、PmV(99.09%)、Pm12(98.91%)和Pm5e(84.88%)。筛选出含有上述5个等位基因的种质资源464份,其中地方品种130份,自育品种334份。所有材料中均未检测到抗白粉病等位基因,说明在新疆春小麦品种中抗白粉病等位基因Pm12Pm21、Pm2aPm5ePmV利用频率低。
由6个赤霉病相关微效基因的KASP分布(表4)可知,感赤霉病等位基因中2个占比较高,分别为QFhb.caas-3BL(92.53%)和QFhb.hbaas-1AS(78.69%)。筛选出含有上述2个等位基因的种质资源410份,其中地方品种112份,自育品种298份。抗赤霉病等位基因中3个占比较高,分布频率从高到低依次为QFhb.hbaas-5AS(78.69%)、QFhb.hbaas-5AL(74.86%)和QFhb.caas-5AL(50.09%)。筛选出含有上述3个等位基因的种质资源142份,其中地方品种18份(新春16号、新春23号、新春28号、新春32号、新春37号、新春38号、新春47号、新春51号、618、10037、758、X-222、2008-4、恳春1802、1511、SC218、2007-96和SD13-3),自育品种124份。所有材料均未检测到抗赤霉病等位基因QFhb.hbaas-1ASFhb1-His,说明在新疆春小麦品种中抗赤霉病等位基因QFhb.hbaas-1ASFhb1-His利用频率低;此外,Fhb1-His基因未知功能材料548份,分布频率为99.82%。
KASP标记技术由英国KBioscience公司研发,凭借检测简单快速、高效准确和成本低廉等优势,在主要农作物的种质资源鉴定、分子标记辅助育种及种子纯度鉴定等领域得到广泛应用[15-17]。目前,针对小麦种质资源各类性状相关基因的等位变异已开发出多个KASP功能标记,对小麦遗传育种研究具有极高的应用价值[18]。王君婵等[19]利用KASP功能标记检测,发现扬麦系列品种(系)中存在与粒重和穗发芽等重要性状相关的功能基因,为优良品种选育提供参考,同时缩短了小麦育种周期,提高育种效率。Rubab等[20]结合KASP功能标记检测与小麦表型性状鉴定,筛选出抗旱性较好的亲本材料,为抗旱育种提供了重要依据。单子龙等[21]利用KASP功能标记检测河北省小麦品质相关的重要功能基因,为当地小麦品质改良提供了思路。
本研究采用KASP功能标记对549份来自不同地区的小麦种质资源进行检测,筛选出121份抗条锈病、352份抗叶锈病及142份抗赤霉病的种质资源,为新疆小麦抗病品种的培育与引进提供了参考。王荣等[8]利用SSR标记鉴定,发现在表现稳定抗病的材料中,条锈病抗性基因Yr10Yr17Yr18Yr65Yr67占比较高。本研究筛选出5个分布频率较高的抗条锈病基因,其中QYrqin.nwafu-2AL分布频率最高(99.82%),Yr29分布频率也较高(99.64%),Yr26分布频率为25.87%,未检测到携带YrSP的材料,与周警卫等[22]研究结果相似。闫金龙等[6]通过KASP功能标记检测晋东南地区47个品种(系),发现4份材料携带抗叶锈病基因Lr46,占总参试材料的8.5%,12份携带基因Lr68,占比25.5%,未检测到基因Lr34,仅1份材料携带白粉病抗性基因Pm21。本研究发现,352份材料携带Lr46(占比64.12%),87份携带Lr68(占比15.85%),未检测到携带Lr21Pm21的材料。杨迪等[5]对194份小麦品种(系)的抗白粉病基因检测发现,仅1份材料携带基因Pm21,未检测到基因Pm2aPm5ePmV。然而,李玮等[7]对140份材料检测,未发现基因Pm12,本研究中同样未检测到携带Pm12的材料。汪尊杰等[23]和张琪琪等[24]分别对414个小麦品系和81份材料进行抗赤霉病基因检测,发现携带Fhb1的材料较少。本研究未检测到携带赤霉病抗性基因Fhb1-His的材料,与邓清燕等[25]和张华等[26]的研究结果相似。此外,本研究也未检测到携带赤霉病抗性基因QFhb.hbaas-1AS的材料,但发现549份材料中,赤霉病抗性基因QFhb.hbaas-5AL(74.86%)和QFhb.hbaas-5AS(78.69%)分布频率较高。
利用KASP标记技术检测549份新疆春小麦材料,其中,121份材料携带5个占比较高的抗条锈病等位基因(QYrqin.nwafu-2ALYr29QYrsn.nwafu- 1BLQYrqin.nwafu-6BSYr78),352份材料携带2个占比较高的抗叶锈病等位基因(Lr67Lr46),142份材料携带3个占比较高的抗赤霉病等位基因(QFhb.hbaas-5ASQFhb.hbaas-5ALQFhb.caas-5AL),所有材料均未检测到5个抗白粉病基因(Pm12Pm21Pm2aPm5ePmV)。新疆春小麦品种条锈病、叶锈病和赤霉病抗性基因频率较高,而白粉病抗源缺乏,育种中应注重引进并利用新的抗白粉病材料,以提高新疆春小麦抗病育种能力。
  • 庭州科技创新团队项目(引领型)“小麦种质资源表型、功能基因标记鉴定与应用创新团队”(2023CT01)
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目课题“优质抗逆稳产小麦新品种选育与推广”(2023B02006)
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2026年第42卷第1期
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doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.003
  • 接收时间:2024-10-09
  • 首发时间:2026-04-30
  • 出版时间:2026-02-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-09
  • 修回日期:2024-12-03
基金
庭州科技创新团队项目(引领型)“小麦种质资源表型、功能基因标记鉴定与应用创新团队”(2023CT01)
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目课题“优质抗逆稳产小麦新品种选育与推广”(2023B02006)
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    新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院作物研究所,830091,新疆乌鲁木齐

通讯作者:

李建疆,研究方向为春小麦育种与栽培,E-mail:
梁晓东为共同通信作者,研究方向为春小麦育种与栽培,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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