In recent years, with the continuous progress of semiconductor laser technology, laser technology applied in the field of agriculture has attracted much attention. The laser light source has the advantages of strong monochromaticity, high electro-optical conversion efficiency and low use cost, which provides new technical support for improving crop quality and increasing yield. In order to study the effects of different light quality laser on the growth, physiological and biochemical indexes, polysaccharide and saponin accumulation of ginseng, biennial ginseng carrier seeds were selected for experiments. From the leaf opening stage to the leaf withering stage: from 7：00 to 11：00, and from 14：00 to 18：00. every day, full-wavelength LED lights, red laser light (R3), blue laser light (B3), hybrid laser light R2B1, R3B2 (optical quantum density of 4.48 μmol/(m²·s), 4.61 μmol/(m²·s)) are used to fill light, respectively. According to the influence of different light quality, this study set up no light as a blank control group. It was found that the net photosynthetic capacity and stomatal conductance of leaves of ginseng were improved. Among them, the photosynthesis capacity of the LED light source was more obvious, and the absorption capacity of the blue light source was also stronger. In particular, the net photosynthetic rate of the LED treatment group was the most prominent, while the blue light treatment group achieved the most significant improvement in transpiration rate and intercellular CO₂ concentration. The stomatal conductance of R3B2 treatment group was the highest. In terms of growth, ginseng performed best under mixed red and blue light treatment. Compared with the control group, blue light could significantly increase plant height and leaf length and width. The root weight and leaf weight of LED full wavelength complement light group were higher than other treatments. In terms of the accumulation of nutrients, the polysaccharide content in blue light treatment was the highest, and the saponin content in red light treatment was generally higher than that in blue light treatment group, indicating that red light promoted the accumulation of saponin content. The content of Rg1 and Rb1 saponin in R2B1 treatment group was the highest, which was much higher than that in other treatments; the content of Re saponin in R3B2 treatment was similar to that in red light treatment group, and higher than that in the other four treatments. In future studies, we will select the most suitable conditions for the growth and nutrient accumulation of ginseng, so as to provide a feasible method for shortening the growth cycle, improving the quality and efficiency of ginseng.