With the large-scale and intensive development of China's aquaculture industry, the discharge of livestock and poultry manure has increased significantly, causing serious pollution to the surrounding atmosphere, soil, water, etc., affecting the survival and health of human beings, and hindering the sustainable development of aquaculture industry. China has issued a series of policies to protect environment and encourage the use of organic fertilizers, encourage the use of livestock and poultry waste to produce organic fertilizers, and replace chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers. In response to the requirements of national environmental protection policies and solve the problem of livestock and poultry manure treatment, a horizontal fermentation drum for livestock and poultry manure was developed. The drum is helpful for livestock and poultry manure to complete the aerobic fermentation process and achieve the purpose of harmless treatment by mixing livestock and poultry manure with fermentation strains and other auxiliary materials, assistance in heating, aeration and stirring, monitoring the temperature of the material in real time, and the setting of electric heating, the start and stop of the drum and the running time. The structure, working principle and main technical parameters of the roller were described. The technological process of aerobic fermentation of cow manure was designed according to the principle and precautions of aerobic fermentation, and the fermentation performance test of manure horizontal fermentation roller was completed according to the process. The results showed that the organic matter content was 5.2% and the total nutrient (N+P₂O₅+K₂O) content was 5.1%, all of which exceeded the standard values of NY525—2012《Organic fertilizer》. The mortality rate of ascaris eggs and the number of coliform bacteria were both within the standard range of NY884—2012《Microbial organic fertilizers》. The horizontal fermentation roller has the advantages of simple structure, good manure treatment effects, short treatment period, simple operation and economical applicability, and it can meet the harmless treatment and resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure in small and medium-sized breeding enterprises.