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Outline
China is a major producer and consumer of fruits, with output and area consistently ranking first in the world. However, China's orchards have long faced complex environments, with traditional manual operations facing high costs, labor shortages, and low efficiency. With the establishment of standardized and large-scale orchards, traditional models are no longer suitable for the development of modern orchards. The multi-functional operation technology platform integrates the functions of picking, ditching, fertilization, spray, transportation, etc., effectively improves the efficiency of orchard operations, saves costs, and becomes the key tool for the efficient development of modern forestry and fruit industry. This article introduces the structural composition and working principle of a multifunctional homework platform, mainly introducing the two key parts of the lifting structure and chassis system, and provide an overview of the development trends of standardized orchard operation platforms at home and abroad, from simple mobile platforms to scalable platforms, followed by a series of improvements such as navigation and automatic leveling systems. By comparing the characteristics and advantages of different types of orchard operation platforms, clarify the shortcomings of domestic multi-functional operation platforms, and summarize and analyze the main research focus of multifunctional operation platforms at home and abroad, focusing on automatic leveling technology In terms of general chassis technology, navigation obstacle avoidance technology, lifting technology, chassis passability technology, power system coordination and management technology, and system quality improvement technology, this paper explores the bottlenecks faced by the development of multifunctional work platforms in China, such as insufficient intelligence and informatization, and relatively lagging policy support. Finally, suggestions are proposed to address the development gap between China's homework platforms and foreign homework platforms, such as promoting standardization and standardization of orchard planting, and developing towards intelligence and informatization, in order to provide development ideas for high-quality mechanized operations in China's orchards.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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