中国园林

百姓园林当代实践与路径探索

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刘悦来 , 姚菁怡 , 步若凡 , 潘优

中国园林 | 主题　百姓园林与人民城市建设 2026,42(3): 12-20

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中国园林 |主题　百姓园林与人民城市建设 2026 , 42 (3) : 12 -20

百姓园林当代实践与路径探索

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刘悦来　1971年生/男/山东青岛人/博士/同济大学建筑与城市规划学院副教授，博士生导师/上海市城市更新及其空间优化技术重点实验室社区花园与社区营造分实验中心主任/研究方向为可持续景观规划设计、社区花园与社区营造、景观管治与公众参与（上海 200092）

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YAO Jingyi, female, born in 2002 in Jiayuguan, Gansu Province, Master's student of College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, research area: community garden & community empowerment (Shanghai 200092)

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姚菁怡　2002年生/女/甘肃嘉峪关人/同济大学建筑与城市规划学院景观学系在读硕士研究生/研究方向为社区花园与社区营造（上海 200092）

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BU Ruofan, female, born in 2002 in Kunming, Yunnan Province, Master's student of College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, research area: community garden & community empowerment (Shanghai 200092)

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PAN You, female, born in 2001 in Ningnan, Sichuan Province, Master's student of College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, research area: community garden & community empowerment (Shanghai 200092)

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刘悦来, 姚菁怡, 步若凡, 潘优

作者信息

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姚菁怡　2002年生/女/甘肃嘉峪关人/同济大学建筑与城市规划学院景观学系在读硕士研究生/研究方向为社区花园与社区营造（上海 200092）

步若凡　2002年生/女/云南昆明人/同济大学建筑与城市规划学院景观学系在读硕士研究生/研究方向为社区花园与社区营造（上海 200092）

潘优　2001年生/女/四川宁南人/同济大学建筑与城市规划学院景观学系在读硕士研究生/研究方向为社区花园与社区营造（上海 200092）

Contemporary Practices and Pathway Exploration of People's Garden

Yuelai LIU, Jingyi YAO, Ruofan BU, You PAN

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出版时间: 2026-03-10 doi: 10.19775/j.cla.2026.03.0012

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摘要

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随着中国城市建设从增量发展向存量更新转型，“人民城市人民建、人民城市为人民”理念成为指导城市发展的核心原则，“百姓园林”是风景园林学科回应现代化人民城市建设的必然路径，以人民为中心回归民生需求。追溯百姓园林的思想渊源与实践演进，从乡土自发营造到现代公众参与模式，借此阐释其理论框架与价值逻辑。结合国内外多元案例，初步提炼出政府主导、多方共治与居民自组织3类实践模式及“共建-共治-共享”三位一体的实施路径，强调通过多元协作、制度创新与社区赋能，推动园林事业从“景观营造”向“人本治理”转型，并展望百姓园林在新时代助力生态文明建设和人民生活改善的潜力，为实现中国式现代化背景下的人居环境高质量发展提供理论支持与实践指引。

关键词

风景园林 / 百姓园林 / 人民城市 / 共建共治共享

Abstract

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With China's urban development transitioning from incremental expansion to a phase characterized by stock renewal and quality improvement, the principle of "cities should be built by the people and for the people" has become a fundamental guiding principle for contemporary urban governance and spatial production. Within this context, the concept of People's Garden has emerged as a critical response from the discipline of landscape architecture to the demands of people-centered urban transformation. By shifting the focus from elite-oriented landscape production toward everyday spaces shaped, used, and maintained by ordinary citizens, People's Garden reorients landscape practice toward livelihood needs, social participation, and grassroots governance. This paper systematically traces the ideological origins and practical evolution of People's Garden, situating it within both Chinese and international traditions of public space creation and civic participation. In the Chinese context, its roots can be found in vernacular practices of spontaneous spatial construction and the longstanding cultural notion of "sharing landscapes with the people", evident in early public garden traditions and informal, community-based landscape making. In Western contexts, comparable traditions include ancient public groves, the rise of urban parks during industrialization, and later bottom-up movements such as community gardens and civic environmental activism. Together, these diverse historical trajectories reveal a shared pursuit of publicness, participation, and collective stewardship of everyday landscapes. Building on this historical review, the study further examines the transition of landscape architecture from elite and symbolic garden forms to modern public parks, and ultimately toward contemporary participatory landscapes. While modern public parks marked an important step toward openness and accessibility, they largely remained products of top-down planning processes in which citizens were passive users rather than active creators. People's Garden, formally articulated in China in 2024, represents a qualitative shift beyond these earlier models. It integrates the principles of the People-Centered City with current social conditions of urban regeneration, emphasizing residents' subjectivity, multi-actor collaboration, and the embedding of landscape practices within daily life. From a theoretical perspective, the paper constructs an analytical framework for People's Garden by drawing on landscape architecture theory, sociology, and anthropology. Concepts such as People-oriented, the Public Sphere, Social Capital, Daily Life, and Place-making provide intellectual support for understanding how People's Garden functions not merely as a spatial form, but as a social process. Empirically, the study reviews 26 representative cases from China and abroad, covering a wide range of scales and contexts, including national parks, urban parks, community gardens, and micro-regeneration projects. Based on the leading actors and participation mechanisms involved, these cases are classified into three main practice models: government-led initiatives, multi-stakeholder co-governance practices, and resident-initiated self-organized actions. To support comparative analysis, a three-dimensional evaluative framework is developed, focusing on government support, citizen participation, and collaborative networks. This framework helps reveal the gradual shift from state-dominated provision toward deeper forms of civic engagement and self-governance. Drawing on the comparative analysis of these cases, the paper synthesizes a practical pathway for People's Landscape structured around the integrated principles of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing. Co-construction emphasizes the establishment of collaborative platforms that integrate governmental guidance, professional expertise, social organizations, market resources, and residents' local knowledge. Co-governance focuses on institutionalizing participatory mechanisms throughout the entire life cycle of landscape projects, from planning and construction to long-term management, thereby ensuring sustainability and collective responsibility. Sharing highlights the equitable distribution of ecological, social, and cultural benefits, transforming landscape outcomes into tangible improvements in everyday life, community cohesion, and environmental well-being. In conclusion, People's Garden represents a fundamental reorientation of landscape architecture in contemporary China - from the creation of designed objects toward the cultivation of people-centered processes of spatial governance. By embedding landscape practices within everyday life and empowering citizens as co-creators and co-managers, People's Garden contributes to the enhancement of urban environmental quality, the strengthening of social capital, and the advancement of grassroots governance. Although the concept is still in an exploratory stage and faces challenges related to classification, scalability, and long-term institutional support, it offers significant potential for supporting high-quality urban development and improved quality of life under the framework of Chinese modernization. As such, People's Garden provides both theoretical insights and practical guidance for realizing the vision of the People-Centered City and advancing sustainable urban futures.

Key words

landscape architecture / People's Garden / People-Centered City / co-construction, co-governance, and sharing

引用本文

刘悦来, 姚菁怡, 步若凡, 潘优. 百姓园林当代实践与路径探索. 中国园林, 2026 , 42 (3) : 12 -20 . DOI: 10.19775/j.cla.2026.03.0012

Yuelai LIU, Jingyi YAO, Ruofan BU, You PAN. Contemporary Practices and Pathway Exploration of People's Garden[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2026 , 42 (3) : 12 -20 . DOI: 10.19775/j.cla.2026.03.0012

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国家社会科学基金项目(22BSH039)

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2026年第42卷第3期

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文章信息

doi: 10.19775/j.cla.2026.03.0012

接收时间：2024-11-01
首发时间：2026-07-08
出版时间：2026-03-10

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收稿日期：2024-11-01
修回日期：2025-12-01

基金

国家社会科学基金项目(22BSH039)

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyl/CN/10.19775/j.cla.2026.03.0012

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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