中国园林

撬动：局部设计何以激发公共生活

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段志鹏

中国园林 | 主题　百姓园林与人民城市建设 2026,42(3): 30-36

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中国园林 |主题　百姓园林与人民城市建设 2026 , 42 (3) : 30 -36

撬动：局部设计何以激发公共生活

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段志鹏　1995年生/男/安徽涡阳人/博士/马克斯普朗克社会人类学研究所博士后研究员/研究方向为设计人类学、社会设计、服务设计（哈勒 06114）

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段志鹏

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段志鹏　1995年生/男/安徽涡阳人/博士/马克斯普朗克社会人类学研究所博士后研究员/研究方向为设计人类学、社会设计、服务设计（哈勒 06114）

Leveraging: On How Situated Design Animates Public Life

Zhipeng DUAN

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出版时间: 2026-03-10 doi: 10.19775/j.cla.2026.03.0030

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基于现象学理论和社会参与设计的具体案例，尝试描述一种名为“撬动”的行动脚本，用以提供一个理论视角去注意那些看似局部的社会行动，例如着手开垦一块荒废的土地。这类行动往往起始于人们在有限条件下重新尝试开辟新的行动可能性；同时，在做事情的过程中，行动者可能会产生一种“还能继续做更多”的上手感，并有可能激发更广泛的公共协作。在面对复杂且彼此交织的社会问题无法被直接解决时，“撬动”重新思考设计实践的伦理承诺：设计行动的责任是一种回应的能力，在具体情境中持续保持对生活世界鲜活的理解、讲述与参与能力。

关键词

风景园林 / 撬动 / 激发 / 公众参与 / 社区花园 / 现象学

Abstract

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Drawing on phenomenological theory and concrete cases of socially engaged design, this article seeks to describe an action script termed "Leveraging (Qiaodong)", offering a theoretical perspective for attending to and understanding seemingly localized and small-scale social actions that nonetheless have the potential to generate ongoing change, such as beginning to cultivate a garden on an unused plot of land. Such actions do not usually originate from clearly defined, comprehensive plans. Instead, they emerge in situations where people confront limited conditions, insufficient resources, or complex social problems that cannot be directly resolved. Rather than aiming to "solve" problems, actors initiate actions that are immediately doable and capable of being taken up in the present, gradually reopening possibilities for further action. In the process of continuing to do things, actors often develop a sense of guidance or handiness, which is a feeling of "there are more things to do". This sense does not arise from certainty about outcomes, but from a directional momentum that takes shape through action itself. It helps reorganize attention toward one's surroundings and toward others, sustaining engagement amid uncertainty. Through such processes, localized actions may become noticeable to others, invite participation, and elicit responses, thereby gradually stimulating broader forms of public collaboration and the emergence of public life. The central question of this article is how such seemingly minor, low-threshold actions accumulate social effects over time, reorganize attention, and respond to long-standing social problems that are structurally complex and resistant to direct solutions. Theoretically, this article situates itself within contemporary discussions of co-design, while entering into dialogue with phenomenological traditions associated with Heidegger, Ingold, and Gibson. The discussion is grounded in a series of concrete cases observed or participated in by the author between 2022 and 2024, including socially engaged design initiatives such as community gardening, publicly engaged art projects, and design workshops. The articulation of leveraging as an action script is not intended to introduce a new method for participatory design. Rather, it aims to provide conceptual language for an action mode that is already widely present in everyday life and professional practice, yet often remains under-theorized. By foregrounding leveraging, the article seeks to support readers in becoming more attentive to how one action gives rise to another, and how action unfolds through mutual responsiveness within concrete situations. To elaborate on this script, the article addresses three interrelated questions. The first two concern epistemology: how can we narrate change as it unfolds through action without reducing it to linear causality, and how can small-scale actions in everyday life be taken seriously as forms of design practice? The third question concerns the ethics of action: when social problems cannot be directly solved, should the responsibility of design still be framed in terms of problem-solving, or should it instead be understood as a sustained capacity to respond to concrete lived situations?

Key words

landscape architecture / leveraging / animating / public engagement / community garden / phenomenology

引用本文

段志鹏. 撬动：局部设计何以激发公共生活. 中国园林, 2026 , 42 (3) : 30 -36 . DOI: 10.19775/j.cla.2026.03.0030

Zhipeng DUAN. Leveraging: On How Situated Design Animates Public Life[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2026 , 42 (3) : 30 -36 . DOI: 10.19775/j.cla.2026.03.0030

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2026年第42卷第3期

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doi: 10.19775/j.cla.2026.03.0030

接收时间：2025-12-03
首发时间：2026-07-08
出版时间：2026-03-10

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收稿日期：2025-12-03
修回日期：2025-12-22

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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