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Single-cell sequencing advances the research of molecular biology and cell biology to the single cell level by integrating the latest technologies such as single-cell dissociation, microfluidic, microfluidics system, high-throughput sequencing, and bioinformatics. It is a milestone technology in the history of biotechnology. Single-cell sequencing technology provides a new dimension for the study of basic biomedical problems such as ontogeny, cell differentiation, cell heterogeneity in tissues, and the etiology and development of diseases, and has been widely used. In this review, we briefly introduced the development of single cell sequencing technology and assocatied bioinformatics methods, and reviewed its application in the process of drug development, such as study on mechanism of disease, target discovery, drug discovery and optimization, mechanism of action and clinical trial design.

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单细胞测序技术通过整合单细胞解离、微流控技术、微流体系统、高通量测序和生物信息等多项最新技术，将分子生物学和细胞生物学的研究推进到单个细胞水平，是生物技术发展史中的里程碑式技术。单细胞测序技术为研究个体发育、细胞分化、组织中细胞的异质性，以及疾病的发生发展等生物医学的基本问题提供了新的维度并得到了广泛的应用。本文将简要介绍单细胞测序技术和分析方法的发展，对其在疾病机理研究、靶点发现、药物发现和优化、药效机制以及临床试验设计等药物开发过程中的应用进行综述。

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李倩，女，审评员， 主要从事生物制品药学研究。联系电话：(010)85242986，E-mail: liqian@cde.org.cn。

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李倩，女，审评员， 主要从事生物制品药学研究。联系电话：(010)85242986，E-mail: liqian@cde.org.cn。

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