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It has been nearly 40 years since the Hatch-Waxman Act was enacted in 1984. Generics have developed tremendously during this period, which shows the importance of promoting the development of generics. The Hatch-Waxman Act is important, but it is not the whole story of how generics develop in the United States. After the promulgate of Hatch-Waxman Act, the development mechanism of generic drugs in the United States did not stick to the original state, but continuously made dynamic adjustments in many aspects, including combating misconduct in abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) to standardize the procedures, greatly improving the time efficiency for ANDA, establishing a generic drug replacement mechanism, establishing two patent invalidation procedures [inter parte review (IPR) and post grant review (PGR)], revising the Orange Book, exclusivity period, containment period, etc. to improve patent links system, and establishing a drug price negotiation system and a drug inflation penalty system. China should shorten the period of drug patent reexamination and invalidation examination. The first generic drug exclusivity period system should be coordinated with anti-monopoly. A user payment system should be established in China, but innovative drugs can be exempted. The drug approval and review mechanism, patent law, anti-monopoly law and other fields need to work together to continuously track and improve relevant systems.

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美国1984年颁布Hatch-Waxman法案迄今已近40年,仿制药在此期间获得了巨大发展,说明促进仿制药发展具有重要意义。Hatch-Waxman法案颇为重要,但其并非美国仿制药发展机制的全貌。美国仿制药发展机制在该法案之后并非固守原状,而是持续在诸多方面进行动态调整,包括打击简略新药申请程序(ANDA)中的不当行为以规范ANDA,大幅提高ANDA的审批时效,建立仿制药替换机制,建立当事人间复审(IPR)和授权后复审(PGR)这2种专利无效宣告程序并修改橙皮书、独占期、遏制期等进而完善专利链接制度,建立药品价格谈判制度及药品通货膨胀惩罚制度。我国应缩短药品专利复审和无效宣告审查的期限,首仿药独占期制度应与反垄断相协调,建立使用者付费制度但可豁免创新药,药品审批审评机制以及专利法、反垄断法等各领域需要共同持续跟踪改进相关制度。

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徐毅华,男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为卫生法、医药卫生政策、反垄断法。联系电话:(853)68671993,E-mail:
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彭运朋,男,助理教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为药事法规与药品政策、经济法、商法。联系电话:(+853)88973548,E-mail:

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彭运朋,男,助理教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为药事法规与药品政策、经济法、商法。联系电话:(+853)88973548,E-mail:

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彭运朋,男,助理教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为药事法规与药品政策、经济法、商法。联系电话:(+853)88973548,E-mail:

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美国仿制药审批及相关机制在Hatch-Waxman法案之后的新发展
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彭运朋 , 徐毅华
中国新药杂志 | 新药述评与论坛 2023,32(10): 977-984
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中国新药杂志 | 新药述评与论坛 2023, 32(10): 977-984
美国仿制药审批及相关机制在Hatch-Waxman法案之后的新发展
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彭运朋 , 徐毅华
作者信息
  • 澳门科技大学法学院,澳门 999078
  • 彭运朋,男,助理教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为药事法规与药品政策、经济法、商法。联系电话:(+853)88973548,E-mail:

通讯作者:

徐毅华,男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为卫生法、医药卫生政策、反垄断法。联系电话:(853)68671993,E-mail:
Advances in generic drug approval process and challenges in the U.S. after Hatch-Waxman Act
Yun-peng PENG , Yi-hua XU
Affiliations
  • Faculty of Law, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
出版时间: 2023-05-30
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美国1984年颁布Hatch-Waxman法案迄今已近40年,仿制药在此期间获得了巨大发展,说明促进仿制药发展具有重要意义。Hatch-Waxman法案颇为重要,但其并非美国仿制药发展机制的全貌。美国仿制药发展机制在该法案之后并非固守原状,而是持续在诸多方面进行动态调整,包括打击简略新药申请程序(ANDA)中的不当行为以规范ANDA,大幅提高ANDA的审批时效,建立仿制药替换机制,建立当事人间复审(IPR)和授权后复审(PGR)这2种专利无效宣告程序并修改橙皮书、独占期、遏制期等进而完善专利链接制度,建立药品价格谈判制度及药品通货膨胀惩罚制度。我国应缩短药品专利复审和无效宣告审查的期限,首仿药独占期制度应与反垄断相协调,建立使用者付费制度但可豁免创新药,药品审批审评机制以及专利法、反垄断法等各领域需要共同持续跟踪改进相关制度。

Hatch-Waxman法案  /  仿制药  /  专利链接制度

It has been nearly 40 years since the Hatch-Waxman Act was enacted in 1984. Generics have developed tremendously during this period, which shows the importance of promoting the development of generics. The Hatch-Waxman Act is important, but it is not the whole story of how generics develop in the United States. After the promulgate of Hatch-Waxman Act, the development mechanism of generic drugs in the United States did not stick to the original state, but continuously made dynamic adjustments in many aspects, including combating misconduct in abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) to standardize the procedures, greatly improving the time efficiency for ANDA, establishing a generic drug replacement mechanism, establishing two patent invalidation procedures [inter parte review (IPR) and post grant review (PGR)], revising the Orange Book, exclusivity period, containment period, etc. to improve patent links system, and establishing a drug price negotiation system and a drug inflation penalty system. China should shorten the period of drug patent reexamination and invalidation examination. The first generic drug exclusivity period system should be coordinated with anti-monopoly. A user payment system should be established in China, but innovative drugs can be exempted. The drug approval and review mechanism, patent law, anti-monopoly law and other fields need to work together to continuously track and improve relevant systems.

Hatch-Waxman Act  /  generics  /  patent linkage
彭运朋, 徐毅华. 美国仿制药审批及相关机制在Hatch-Waxman法案之后的新发展. 中国新药杂志, 2023 , 32 (10) : 977 -984 .
Yun-peng PENG, Yi-hua XU. Advances in generic drug approval process and challenges in the U.S. after Hatch-Waxman Act[J]. Chinese Journal of New Drugs, 2023 , 32 (10) : 977 -984 .
2023年第32卷第10期
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  • 首发时间:2026-03-05
  • 出版时间:2023-05-30
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  • 录用日期:2022-11-17
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    澳门科技大学法学院,澳门 999078

通讯作者:

徐毅华,男,博士研究生,主要研究方向为卫生法、医药卫生政策、反垄断法。联系电话:(853)68671993,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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