Article(id=1241311715644724044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1241311708883513558, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.01.08, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1669132800000, receivedDateStr=2022-11-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1699286400000, acceptedDateStr=2023-11-07, onlineDate=1773881375466, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1706112000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773881375466, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773881375466, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773881375466, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241311708883513558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, year='2024', volume='43', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='78', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773881373854, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773882024061, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241314436116435425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1241311708883513558, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241314436116435426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1241311708883513558, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=40, endPage=44, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241311716051571550, articleId=1241311715644724044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, language=EN, title=Efficacy and safety of edaravone and dexborneol in treatment of acute cerebral infarction, columnId=1207314218647392369, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, columnName=Original Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
AIM

To investigate the efficacy and safety of edaravone and dexborneol in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction.

METHODS

A total of 120 patients with acute cerebral infarction for intravenous thrombolysis were selected, and were treated with alteplase 0.9 mg·kg-1 for thrombolysis. Then they were divided into control group and study group (n=60 in each group). The study group received intravenous infusion of 37.5 mg of edaravone and dexborneol injection after thrombolysis, once every 12 hours, for a course of ≤14 days. The baseline data, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores before and after thrombolysis at 30 minutes, 24 hours and 7 days, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores before and after thrombolysis at 24 hours and 7 days, the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) before and after thrombolysis at 7 days, and the occurrence of adverse events were observed.

RESULTS

After 30 minutes of thrombolysis, the NIHSS scores of the two groups were significantly reduced compared with before thrombolysis (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). At 24 hours and 7 days after thrombolysis, the NIHSS and mRS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than before thrombolysis, and the study group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rates of the study group and the control group were 80% and 63%, respectively, with significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). At 7 days after thrombolysis, the levels of hsCRP and IL-6 in the two groups were significantly lower than those before thrombolysis (P<0.05), while the study group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). During the thrombolysis process, the adverse reactions in the study group and control group were 20% and 22%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION

The clinical efficacy of edaravone and dexborneol combined with alteplase in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction is better than that of alteplase alone, and does not increase the risk of thrombolytic therapy.

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目的

观察依达拉奉右莰醇治疗急性脑梗死的疗效与安全性。

方法

选择急性脑梗死静脉溶栓患者120例,给予阿替普酶0.9 mg·kg-1溶栓治疗,均分为对照组和研究组,研究组在溶栓完毕后给予依达拉奉右莰醇注射液37.5 mg静脉滴注,每12 h一次,疗程≤14 d。观察2组患者基线资料、溶栓前和溶栓后30 min、24 h和7 d的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分以及溶栓前和溶栓后24 h、7 d的改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分、溶栓前和溶栓后7 d超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平以及不良事件发生情况。

结果

溶栓后30 min,2组NIHSS评分均较溶栓前显著降低(P<0.05),组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。溶栓后24 h和7 d,2组NIHSS和mRS评分显著低于溶栓前,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组和对照组总有效率分别为80%和63%,组间比较差异显著(P<0.05)。溶栓后7 d,2组hs-CRP和IL-6水平显著低于溶栓前(P<0.05),研究组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗过程中研究组和对照组不良反应发生率分别为20%和22%,组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。

结论

依达拉奉右莰醇联合阿替普酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效优于单用阿替普酶,且不增加溶栓治疗风险。

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汪剑英,男,副主任医师,硕士,主要从事脑血管病的研究,E-mail:

汤永红,男,主任医师,硕士生导师,硕士,主要从事脑血管病及睡眠障碍的研究,E-mail:

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Eur J Neurol, 2021, 28(12): 3883-3920., articleTitle=European stroke organisation and European Academy of Neurology joint guidelines on post-stroke cognitive impairment, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241311720837271618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, awardId=2020SK1012, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南省科技创新重大项目(2020SK1012), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241311718199055242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241311718207443852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, companyId=1241311718199055242, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang HU-NAN 421001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241311718211638157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, companyId=1241311718199055242, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.南华大学衡阳医学院附属南华医院 神经内科,湖南 衡阳 421001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241311718303912852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241311718308107157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, companyId=1241311718303912852, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang HU-NAN 421900, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241311718316495767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, companyId=1241311718303912852, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.南华大学衡阳医学院附属第三医院 神经内科,湖南 衡阳 421900)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241311720061325329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目对照组研究组
男性/例(%)31(52)36(60)
年龄/岁67.8±9.769.2±11.4
病程/min152.3±50.6161.5±52.3
合并症/例(%)
高血压53(88)57(95)
糖尿病16(27)13(22)
高脂血症49(82)52(87)
高同型半胱氨酸血症31(52)33(55)
高尿酸血症10(17)8(13)
病变部位/例(%)
前循环55(92)52(87)
后循环5(8)8(13)
TOAST分型/例(%)
大动脉粥样硬化型24(40)27(45)
心源性栓塞11(18)12(20)
小动脉闭塞16(27)14(23)
有其他明确病因5(8)4(7)
不明原因型4(7)3(5)
), ArticleFig(id=1241311720191348758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2组基线资料对比

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项目对照组研究组
男性/例(%)31(52)36(60)
年龄/岁67.8±9.769.2±11.4
病程/min152.3±50.6161.5±52.3
合并症/例(%)
高血压53(88)57(95)
糖尿病16(27)13(22)
高脂血症49(82)52(87)
高同型半胱氨酸血症31(52)33(55)
高尿酸血症10(17)8(13)
病变部位/例(%)
前循环55(92)52(87)
后循环5(8)8(13)
TOAST分型/例(%)
大动脉粥样硬化型24(40)27(45)
心源性栓塞11(18)12(20)
小动脉闭塞16(27)14(23)
有其他明确病因5(8)4(7)
不明原因型4(7)3(5)
), ArticleFig(id=1241311720283623452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别NIHSS评分mRS评分
溶栓前溶栓后30 min溶栓后24 h溶栓后7 d溶栓前溶栓后24 h溶栓后7 d
对照10.23±5.777.03±4.17b5.52±3.76b4.05±3.11b4.10±0.953.13±1.11b2.27±1.19b
研究10.33±4.81d6.72±3.81bd4.20±2.72be2.88±2.53be4.17±1.04d2.62±1.11be1.65±1.45be
), ArticleFig(id=1241311720363315235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2组美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分和改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分对比

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组别NIHSS评分mRS评分
溶栓前溶栓后30 min溶栓后24 h溶栓后7 d溶栓前溶栓后24 h溶栓后7 d
对照10.23±5.777.03±4.17b5.52±3.76b4.05±3.11b4.10±0.953.13±1.11b2.27±1.19b
研究10.33±4.81d6.72±3.81bd4.20±2.72be2.88±2.53be4.17±1.04d2.62±1.11be1.65±1.45be
), ArticleFig(id=1241311720443007016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别hs-CRP/mg·L-1IL-6/ng·L-1
溶栓前溶栓后7 d溶栓前溶栓后7 d
对照8.34±6.415.18±4.58b12.87±7.588.83±5.03b
研究7.80±6.39d3.97±3.67be13.45±7.67d7.21±5.20be
), ArticleFig(id=1241311720526893102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2组溶栓治疗前后超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平比较

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组别hs-CRP/mg·L-1IL-6/ng·L-1
溶栓前溶栓后7 d溶栓前溶栓后7 d
对照8.34±6.415.18±4.58b12.87±7.588.83±5.03b
研究7.80±6.39d3.97±3.67be13.45±7.67d7.21±5.20be
), ArticleFig(id=1241311720627556405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别脑出血牙龈出血消化道出血皮肤出血血尿死亡总数
对照24223213(22)
研究43113012(20)
), ArticleFig(id=1241311720719831098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1241311715644724044, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2组不良反应发生情况

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组别脑出血牙龈出血消化道出血皮肤出血血尿死亡总数
对照24223213(22)
研究43113012(20)
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依达拉奉右莰醇治疗急性脑梗死的疗效与安全性
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汪剑英 1 , 汤永红 2
中国新药与临床杂志 | 论著 2024,43(1): 40-44
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中国新药与临床杂志 | 论著 2024, 43(1): 40-44
依达拉奉右莰醇治疗急性脑梗死的疗效与安全性
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汪剑英1 , 汤永红2
作者信息
  • 1.南华大学衡阳医学院附属南华医院 神经内科,湖南 衡阳 421001
  • 2.南华大学衡阳医学院附属第三医院 神经内科,湖南 衡阳 421900
  • 汪剑英,男,副主任医师,硕士,主要从事脑血管病的研究,E-mail:

    汤永红,男,主任医师,硕士生导师,硕士,主要从事脑血管病及睡眠障碍的研究,E-mail:

Efficacy and safety of edaravone and dexborneol in treatment of acute cerebral infarction
Jian-ying WANG1 , Yong-hong TANG2
Affiliations
  • 1.Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang HU-NAN 421001, China
  • 2.Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang HU-NAN 421900, China
出版时间: 2024-01-25 doi: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.01.08
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目的

观察依达拉奉右莰醇治疗急性脑梗死的疗效与安全性。

方法

选择急性脑梗死静脉溶栓患者120例,给予阿替普酶0.9 mg·kg-1溶栓治疗,均分为对照组和研究组,研究组在溶栓完毕后给予依达拉奉右莰醇注射液37.5 mg静脉滴注,每12 h一次,疗程≤14 d。观察2组患者基线资料、溶栓前和溶栓后30 min、24 h和7 d的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分以及溶栓前和溶栓后24 h、7 d的改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分、溶栓前和溶栓后7 d超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平以及不良事件发生情况。

结果

溶栓后30 min,2组NIHSS评分均较溶栓前显著降低(P<0.05),组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。溶栓后24 h和7 d,2组NIHSS和mRS评分显著低于溶栓前,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组和对照组总有效率分别为80%和63%,组间比较差异显著(P<0.05)。溶栓后7 d,2组hs-CRP和IL-6水平显著低于溶栓前(P<0.05),研究组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗过程中研究组和对照组不良反应发生率分别为20%和22%,组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。

结论

依达拉奉右莰醇联合阿替普酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效优于单用阿替普酶,且不增加溶栓治疗风险。

阿替普酶  /  依达拉奉右莰醇  /  脑梗死  /  C反应蛋白质  /  纤维蛋白溶解药
AIM

To investigate the efficacy and safety of edaravone and dexborneol in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction.

METHODS

A total of 120 patients with acute cerebral infarction for intravenous thrombolysis were selected, and were treated with alteplase 0.9 mg·kg-1 for thrombolysis. Then they were divided into control group and study group (n=60 in each group). The study group received intravenous infusion of 37.5 mg of edaravone and dexborneol injection after thrombolysis, once every 12 hours, for a course of ≤14 days. The baseline data, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores before and after thrombolysis at 30 minutes, 24 hours and 7 days, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores before and after thrombolysis at 24 hours and 7 days, the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) before and after thrombolysis at 7 days, and the occurrence of adverse events were observed.

RESULTS

After 30 minutes of thrombolysis, the NIHSS scores of the two groups were significantly reduced compared with before thrombolysis (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). At 24 hours and 7 days after thrombolysis, the NIHSS and mRS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than before thrombolysis, and the study group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rates of the study group and the control group were 80% and 63%, respectively, with significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). At 7 days after thrombolysis, the levels of hsCRP and IL-6 in the two groups were significantly lower than those before thrombolysis (P<0.05), while the study group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). During the thrombolysis process, the adverse reactions in the study group and control group were 20% and 22%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION

The clinical efficacy of edaravone and dexborneol combined with alteplase in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction is better than that of alteplase alone, and does not increase the risk of thrombolytic therapy.

alteplase  /  edaravone and dexborneol  /  brain infarction  /  C-reactive protein  /  fibrinolytic agents
汪剑英, 汤永红. 依达拉奉右莰醇治疗急性脑梗死的疗效与安全性. 中国新药与临床杂志, 2024 , 43 (1) : 40 -44 . DOI: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.01.08
Jian-ying WANG, Yong-hong TANG. Efficacy and safety of edaravone and dexborneol in treatment of acute cerebral infarction[J]. Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, 2024 , 43 (1) : 40 -44 . DOI: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.01.08
急性脑梗死(acute cerebral infarction, ACI)是神经内科的常见病与多发病,其致残率、复发率和致死率高[1]。阿替普酶(alteplase)是临床上常用的静脉溶栓药物,也是目前开通血管、恢复血流的最主要措施。血管再通可能导致脑组织遭受再灌注损伤,进一步加重神经功能缺损[2]。依达拉奉右莰醇(edaravone and dexborneol)是近2年来开始用于临床的一种多靶点神经保护剂,其中依达拉奉具有清除氧自由基的作用,右莰醇可减轻脑组织炎症反应[3],两者按4∶1组合后具有最佳清除自由基、抗炎、保护血脑屏障等多重作用,从多种途径及机制缓解急性脑梗死早期的神经损害。本研究观察阿替普酶静脉溶栓联合依达拉奉右莰醇对超早期急性脑梗死患者的临床疗效及安全性。
选择南华大学衡阳医学院附属第三医院和附属南华医院2021年1月至2021年12月符合《中国急性缺血性脑卒中诊治指南(2018版)》急性脑梗死的患者作为研究对象。
纳入标准[4]:(1)患者有神经功能缺损症状,美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)> 3分,CT排除脑出血;(2)从症状出现到开始溶栓< 4.5 h;(3)患者年龄≥18岁;(4)患者及家属签署溶栓知情同意书。本研究通过南华大学衡阳医学院附属第三医院伦理委员会批准。
排除标准:(1)患者既往有脑出血病史;(2)患者3个月内有重大头颅外伤史或卒中史;(3)临床症状或者头颅CT可疑蛛网膜下腔出血;(4)患者有颅内肿瘤、动静脉畸形、动脉瘤病史;(5)患者发病前1周内存在不易压迫止血部位的动脉穿刺,或者近期有过颅内、椎管内手术病史;(6)溶栓治疗前患者收缩压≥180 mmHg或舒张压≥110 mmHg;(7)患者目前有活动性内出血;(8)存在急性出血倾向;(9)患者血糖小于2.8 mmol·L-1或者大于22.22 mmol·L-1;(10)患者头颅CT或者MRI显示大面积脑梗死(脑梗死面积大于1/3大脑中动脉供血区)[5];(11)存在重度肾功能衰竭的患者;(12)溶栓前后合并感染性疾病的患者。
根据治疗方案的不同分为研究组和对照组,均60例。2组患者均给予阿替普酶(规格为50 mg、20 mg,进口药品注册证号为S20160055、S20160054,勃林格殷格翰制药公司)总剂量为0.9 mg·kg-1,在最初1 min内静脉推注总剂量的10%,剩余剂量持续静脉滴注60 min;研究组患者在溶栓完毕后给予依达拉奉右莰醇注射液(规格为5 mL:依达拉奉10 mg/右莰醇2.5 mg,产品批号为181-210813,批准文号为国药准字H20200007,先声药业有限公司)37.5 mg静脉滴注,每12 h一次,疗程≤14 d。2组在溶栓后均给予阿托伐他汀40 mg强化调脂,24 h后复查头部CT,若无脑出血现象,给予阿司匹林100 mg抗血小板治疗。
比较2组患者年龄、性别、病程(从发病到静脉输入药物开始溶栓的时间)、危险因素、病灶部位、TOAST分型等基线资料,记录治疗前后NIHSS评分、改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与白细胞介素-6(IL-6)检测值以及治疗期间不良反应等资料。
以治疗后7 d的mRS评分下降≥1分或者NIHSS评分下降>18%,视为治疗有效[6]
2组均于溶栓前和溶栓后7 d采取外周静脉血,乳胶免疫比浊法检测血清hs-CRP水平,荧光免疫层析法检测IL-6水平。
采用SPSS 26.0统计软件进行数据处理。计量资料用表示,组间比较采用t检验;计数资料用例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为有显著差异。
2组患者的性别、年龄、病程、既往史等基线资料无显著差异(P>0.05),具有可比性。见表1
溶栓前2组NIHSS评分和mRS评分无显著差异(P>0.05)。溶栓后30 min,2组NIHSS评分均低于溶栓前(P<0.05),组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。溶栓后24 h和7 d,2组NIHSS评分和mRS评分均显著低于溶栓前,且研究组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。见表2
研究组治疗有效48例,无效12例,总有效率为80%。对照组有效38例,无效22例,总有效率为63%,研究组临床疗效较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。
溶栓前2组血清hs-CRP和IL-6水平无显著差异(P>0.05),溶栓后7 d 2组血清hs-CRP和IL-6水平均显著低于溶栓前(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05),见表3
对照组溶栓后脑出血死亡1例,消化道出血死亡1例,不良反应发生率为22%。研究组溶栓后未出现严重出血死亡事件,不良反应发生率为20%,2组不良反应发生率无显著差异(P>0.05),见表4
急性脑梗死发生后,缺血脑组织形成中心的核心梗死区和缺血半暗带区[7],核心梗死区的有效氧分压梯度消失,约5 min后神经细胞出现不可逆性的损害,而缺血半暗带区神经细胞是可逆性损伤[4,5,8]。缺血半暗带区脑血流量降低数分钟至数小时后,细胞去极化、氧自由基损害、兴奋性氨基酸毒性和组织酸化即可发生,并可持续数日之久,导致细胞的蛋白合成抑制,同时引起细胞内ATP合成障碍而致神经元死亡,缺血半暗带则转化为核心梗死区[9]。因此,早期促进闭塞血管再通是抢救缺血半暗带神经细胞、修复缺损神经功能、改善患者预后的关键。
目前静脉溶栓治疗是国际指南广泛推荐的脑血管再通方法之一[10]。大量研究证明闭塞脑血管开通后脑保护治疗能改善患者预后。依达拉奉具有清除氧自由基和抑制氧化应激损伤的作用[11],右莰醇是双环单萜类化合物,可抑制肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、IL-6、干扰素γ(INF-γ)、IL-1β、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、环氧合酶2(COX-2)等促炎性介质的释放,缓解由于炎症刺激所致的脑组织损伤,降低脑血管通透性[12];也有研究指出,右莰醇对γ-氨基丁酸型受体有激活作用,可保护血脑屏障,对神经细胞有多靶点保护作用[13]。本研究发现阿替普酶静脉溶栓30 min后,2组患者的NIHSS评分较溶栓前均显著降低,表明阿替普酶静脉溶栓对恢复缺血脑组织供血存在明显疗效,但2组评分并无显著差异;溶栓后24 h和7 d,研究组的NIHSS评分和mRS评分均显著低于对照组,研究组患者治疗有效率显著高于对照组,表明阿替普酶联合依达拉奉右莰醇治疗超早期脑梗死明显优于单用阿替普酶。
hs-CRP是机体出现炎症反应时急性期反应物,其水平和脑梗死预后相关,hs-CRP水平越高患者预后越差[14];IL-6为脑组织坏死产生的炎性细胞因子之一,其水平可反映炎症水平。溶栓后7 d,研究组血清hs-CRP与IL-6水平显著低于对照组,表明依达拉奉右莰醇能抑制脑组织炎症反应,对神经细胞有保护作用。
溶栓治疗后不良反应以脑出血、牙龈出血、口腔黏膜出血、皮下组织出血及血尿较常见,2组不良反应发生率无显著差异。研究组12例不良反应患者预后均良好;对照组因脑出血和消化道出血导致死亡各1例,死亡率为3%,其他发生不良反应的患者预后良好。脑梗死出血的原因可能与核心脑梗死区脑血管病变或者血管发育异常有关[15]。研究发现少量脑出血且无明显临床症状者,可以继续抗血小板治疗,但要严密观察患者临床症状,定期复查头颅CT,患者经积极治疗,预后基本良好。溶栓后出现粪便隐血试验阳性患者可能存在消化道病变而无明显临床症状,溶栓前无法排除,溶栓后导致少量出血,但患者预后良好。消化道出血死亡患者合并有2型糖尿病,溶栓前否认存在上腹痛及消化道溃疡病史,溶栓过程中出现大出血情况,患者可能存在消化道溃疡史,因无临床症状被漏诊而无法排除,这种情况可能和糖尿病患者出现内脏感觉神经病变有关,提示急性脑梗死合并糖尿病患者需静脉溶栓时要严密筛查消化性溃疡疾病,避免严重出血事件发生。
综上,阿替普酶联合依达拉奉右莰醇治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效优于单用阿替普酶,可有效促进缺损神经功能恢复,提高患者生活质量,减轻脑组织炎性反应,降低残疾程度,而且不增加溶栓治疗风险。
  • 湖南省科技创新重大项目(2020SK1012)
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2024年第43卷第1期
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doi: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.01.08
  • 接收时间:2022-11-23
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-23
  • 录用日期:2023-11-07
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湖南省科技创新重大项目(2020SK1012)
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    1.南华大学衡阳医学院附属南华医院 神经内科,湖南 衡阳 421001
    2.南华大学衡阳医学院附属第三医院 神经内科,湖南 衡阳 421900
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
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genus
种数
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species
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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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