Article(id=1239238832198046105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1239238829719220640, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.08.09, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1698249600000, receivedDateStr=2023-10-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1714320000000, acceptedDateStr=2024-04-29, onlineDate=1773387161540, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1724515200000, pubDateStr=2024-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773387161540, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773387161540, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773387161540, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239238829719220640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, year='2024', volume='43', issue='8', pageStart='561', pageEnd='640', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773387160949, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773387216554, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239239063014789867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1239238829719220640, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239239063014789868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1239238829719220640, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=612, endPage=617, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239238832428732827, articleId=1239238832198046105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, language=EN, title=Effect of roxadustat on renal anemia of uremic patients with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, columnId=1207314218647392369, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, columnName=Original Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
AIM

To observe the difference of clinical efficacy and safety between regular hemodialysis (HD)and peritoneal dialysis (PD) uremic patients treated with roxadustat for renal anemia.

METHODS

From December 2019 to March 2023, 102 renal anemia patients treated with roxadustat for uremic dialysis were selected. The initial dose of roxadustat was chosen based on weight, with 100 mg orally for patients weighing 45 to 60 kg and 120 mg for those weighing ≥60 kg. The medication was administered three times a week for 12 consecutive weeks, with dosage adjustments according to hemoglobin (Hb) levels. According to the dialysis method, there were 50 cases in the PD group and 52 cases in the HD group. Within the groups, those with high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) ≥6 mg·L-1 were classified as high hs-CRP subgroup, while those with <6 mg·L-1 were considered the normal hs-CRP subgroup.Changes in anemia-related indicators, iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and adverse reactions before and after roxadustat treatment were observed in both groups.

RESULTS

After 12 weeks of treatment with roxadustat, the levels of Hb, red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), and serum iron (SI) in the both groups all increased compared with before the treatment (P<0.05), while the levels of serum ferritin (SF), total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) all decreased (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of Hb, RBC, HCT, SI, TC, and LDL-C in the PD group were significantly higher than those in the HD group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in transferrin saturation (TSAT), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels within and between the groups before and after the treatment(P>0.05). There were no significant differences in TG and SF levels and the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the average Hb level of the high hs-CRP subgroup and normal hs-CRP subgroup of the two groups significantly increased compared with before treatment (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two subgroups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION

Roxadustat is effective in improving renal anemia in uremia patients with HD or PD, and the short-term safety is good. Compared with HD patients, anemia is more significantly improved in PD patients.

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目的

观察规律血液透析(HD)与腹膜透析(PD)尿毒症患者应用罗沙司他治疗肾性贫血的临床疗效及安全性差异。

方法

选取2019年12月至2023年3月尿毒症透析使用罗沙司他治疗肾性贫血的患者102例,按体重选择罗沙司他起始剂量,45~60 kg每次口服100 mg,≥60 kg每次口服120 mg,每周3次给药,连续服用12周,根据血红蛋白(Hb)情况调整药物剂量。患者根据透析方式分为PD组50例, HD组52例;将2组中超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)≥6 mg·L-1设为高hs-CRP亚组,<6 mg·L-1设为正常hs-CRP亚组。观察罗沙司他治疗前后2组患者贫血相关指标、铁代谢、脂代谢变化及不良反应发生情况。

结果

使用罗沙司他治疗12周后PD组与HD组Hb、红细胞计数(RBC)、血细胞比容(HCT)、血清铁(SI)水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),血清铁蛋白(SF)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均较治疗前下降(P<0.05);PD组治疗后Hb、RBC、HCT、SI、TC、LDL-C水平显著高于HD组(P<0.05);转铁蛋白饱和度(TSAT)、总铁结合力(TIBC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平在治疗前后组内、组间比较均无显著差异(P>0.05);TG、SF水平及不良反应发生率组间比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗12周后2组患者高hs-CRP亚组和正常hs-CRP亚组Hb水平均较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05),亚组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。

结论

罗沙司他可有效改善尿毒症并进行规律HD或PD患者的肾性贫血,且短期安全性良好。与HD患者相比,PD患者的贫血改善更显著。

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孙治华
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曲芹芹,女,住院医师,硕士在读,主要从事肾脏疾病的研究,E-mail:

孙治华,男,主任医师,硕士生导师,学士,主要从事肾脏疾病诊疗的研究,E-mail:

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项目PD组(n=50)HD组(n=52)
年龄/岁53.90±12.2454.67±11.27
透析时间/月32.54±12.3930.42±10.63
男性/例(%)22(44)30(58)
女性/例(%)28(56)22(42)
体重指数/kg·m-222.49±2.8321.71±2.99
收缩压/mmHg131.70±17.07131.23±18.11
舒张压/mmHg78.90±11.5776.64±11.20
原发病/例 慢性肾小球肾炎2928
糖尿病肾病78
高血压肾病45
梗阻性肾病11
病因不明910
hs-CRP/mg·L-15.11(3.31, 22.60)5.38(4.21, 17.78)
PTH/pg·mL-192.14
(64.38, 164.82)
119.05
(51.77, 255.50)
Alb/g·L-133.99±4.6035.65±5.50
RRF/mL·min-13.54±2.033.68±1.87
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2组患者基本资料比较

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项目PD组(n=50)HD组(n=52)
年龄/岁53.90±12.2454.67±11.27
透析时间/月32.54±12.3930.42±10.63
男性/例(%)22(44)30(58)
女性/例(%)28(56)22(42)
体重指数/kg·m-222.49±2.8321.71±2.99
收缩压/mmHg131.70±17.07131.23±18.11
舒张压/mmHg78.90±11.5776.64±11.20
原发病/例 慢性肾小球肾炎2928
糖尿病肾病78
高血压肾病45
梗阻性肾病11
病因不明910
hs-CRP/mg·L-15.11(3.31, 22.60)5.38(4.21, 17.78)
PTH/pg·mL-192.14
(64.38, 164.82)
119.05
(51.77, 255.50)
Alb/g·L-133.99±4.6035.65±5.50
RRF/mL·min-13.54±2.033.68±1.87
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组别n时间血红蛋白/g·L-1红细胞计数/×1012·L-1红细胞比容/%
PD50治疗前84.26±12.702.98±0.6027.40±5.06
治疗4周92.52±13.95b3.27±0.78b29.76±5.55b
治疗8周102.44±12.89b3.72±0.87b32.65±6.04b
治疗12周109.66±13.42b4.01±0.76b36.03±5.43b
HD52治疗前83.90±12.57d2.86±0.49d25.89±4.46d
治疗4周88.23±13.13bd2.99±0.69ad27.29±5.25be
治疗8周93.88±14.39be3.40±0.70be29.45±5.15be
治疗12周102.92±12.40be3.68±0.59be32.76±5.39be
), ArticleFig(id=1239238838804075074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239238832198046105, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2组患者贫血相关指标比较

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组别n时间血红蛋白/g·L-1红细胞计数/×1012·L-1红细胞比容/%
PD50治疗前84.26±12.702.98±0.6027.40±5.06
治疗4周92.52±13.95b3.27±0.78b29.76±5.55b
治疗8周102.44±12.89b3.72±0.87b32.65±6.04b
治疗12周109.66±13.42b4.01±0.76b36.03±5.43b
HD52治疗前83.90±12.57d2.86±0.49d25.89±4.46d
治疗4周88.23±13.13bd2.99±0.69ad27.29±5.25be
治疗8周93.88±14.39be3.40±0.70be29.45±5.15be
治疗12周102.92±12.40be3.68±0.59be32.76±5.39be
), ArticleFig(id=1239238838900544072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239238832198046105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n时间转铁蛋白饱和度/%铁蛋白/ng·mL-1总铁结合力/μmol·L-1血清铁/μmol·L-1
PD50治疗前22.38±11.03348.80±71.2049.51±10.0710.51±4.69
治疗4周24.43±7.78a331.31±69.16a47.97±11.80a12.66±6.53a
治疗8周24.76±7.51a323.11±43.00a48.89±11.32a17.94±6.01b
治疗12周25.99±7.69a299.81±58.89b48.49±10.74a19.64±6.93b
HD52治疗前22.38±10.33d344.13±85.60d49.55±10.18d10.93±4.03d
治疗4周23.36±10.40ad326.42±71.17ad48.61±7.96ad12.51±5.72ad
治疗8周23.71±8.11ad312.68±60.33ad48.97±7.88ad13.84±6.18be
治疗12周24.88±7.90ad294.33±51.49bd47.41±7.93ad16.39±7.98be
), ArticleFig(id=1239238838992818761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239238832198046105, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2组患者铁代谢指标比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n时间转铁蛋白饱和度/%铁蛋白/ng·mL-1总铁结合力/μmol·L-1血清铁/μmol·L-1
PD50治疗前22.38±11.03348.80±71.2049.51±10.0710.51±4.69
治疗4周24.43±7.78a331.31±69.16a47.97±11.80a12.66±6.53a
治疗8周24.76±7.51a323.11±43.00a48.89±11.32a17.94±6.01b
治疗12周25.99±7.69a299.81±58.89b48.49±10.74a19.64±6.93b
HD52治疗前22.38±10.33d344.13±85.60d49.55±10.18d10.93±4.03d
治疗4周23.36±10.40ad326.42±71.17ad48.61±7.96ad12.51±5.72ad
治疗8周23.71±8.11ad312.68±60.33ad48.97±7.88ad13.84±6.18be
治疗12周24.88±7.90ad294.33±51.49bd47.41±7.93ad16.39±7.98be
), ArticleFig(id=1239238839080899149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239238832198046105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n时间总胆固醇甘油三酯高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低密度脂蛋白胆固醇
PD50治疗前4.12±1.093.26±1.231.12±0.362.30±0.80
治疗4周3.94±1.16a2.93±0.97a1.10±0.37a2.29±0.74a
治疗8周3.73±0.95a2.68±1.04a1.08±0.34a2.28±0.86a
治疗12周3.19±0.66b2.42±0.94b1.10±0.35a1.97±0.75b
HD52治疗前3.98±0.87d3.33±1.13d1.04±0.40d2.21±0.69d
治疗4周3.83±0.97ad2.86±1.22ad1.01±0.38ad1.91±0.7be
治疗8周3.28±0.96be2.60±1.26bd0.96±0.36ad1.88±0.64be
治疗12周2.76±0.57be2.33±0.91bd0.96±0.40ad1.84±0.71bd
), ArticleFig(id=1239238839173173842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239238832198046105, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2组患者脂代谢指标比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别n时间总胆固醇甘油三酯高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低密度脂蛋白胆固醇
PD50治疗前4.12±1.093.26±1.231.12±0.362.30±0.80
治疗4周3.94±1.16a2.93±0.97a1.10±0.37a2.29±0.74a
治疗8周3.73±0.95a2.68±1.04a1.08±0.34a2.28±0.86a
治疗12周3.19±0.66b2.42±0.94b1.10±0.35a1.97±0.75b
HD52治疗前3.98±0.87d3.33±1.13d1.04±0.40d2.21±0.69d
治疗4周3.83±0.97ad2.86±1.22ad1.01±0.38ad1.91±0.7be
治疗8周3.28±0.96be2.60±1.26bd0.96±0.36ad1.88±0.64be
治疗12周2.76±0.57be2.33±0.91bd0.96±0.40ad1.84±0.71bd
), ArticleFig(id=1239238839248671315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239238832198046105, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
PD高hs-CRP亚组
(n=19)
正常hs-CRP亚组
(n=31)
治疗前84.21±12.6784.29±12.93d
治疗4周90.47±12.58b93.77±14.79bd
治疗8周101.21±11.72b103.19±13.69bd
治疗12周109.05±11.59b110.03±14.60bd
HD高hs-CRP亚组
(n=16)
正常hs-CRP亚组
(n=36)
治疗前82.19±12.4484.67±12.72d
治疗4周84.19±13.67a90.03±12.65bd
治疗8周88.06±12.19a96.47±14.68bd
治疗12周98.25±11.94b105.00±12.19bd
), ArticleFig(id=1239238839349334617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239238832198046105, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

高hs-CRP亚组与正常hs-CRP亚组Hb水平比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
PD高hs-CRP亚组
(n=19)
正常hs-CRP亚组
(n=31)
治疗前84.21±12.6784.29±12.93d
治疗4周90.47±12.58b93.77±14.79bd
治疗8周101.21±11.72b103.19±13.69bd
治疗12周109.05±11.59b110.03±14.60bd
HD高hs-CRP亚组
(n=16)
正常hs-CRP亚组
(n=36)
治疗前82.19±12.4484.67±12.72d
治疗4周84.19±13.67a90.03±12.65bd
治疗8周88.06±12.19a96.47±14.68bd
治疗12周98.25±11.94b105.00±12.19bd
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曲芹芹 1, 2 , 孙治华 1, 2 , 邵宁 2
中国新药与临床杂志 | 论著 2024,43(8): 612-617
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中国新药与临床杂志 | 论著 2024, 43(8): 612-617
罗沙司他对尿毒症血液透析与腹膜透析患者肾性贫血的影响
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曲芹芹1, 2 , 孙治华1, 2 , 邵宁2
作者信息
  • 1.武汉科技大学医学院,湖北 武汉 430065
  • 2.武汉科技大学天门市第一人民医院研究生培养基地 肾内科,湖北 天门 431700
  • 曲芹芹,女,住院医师,硕士在读,主要从事肾脏疾病的研究,E-mail:

    孙治华,男,主任医师,硕士生导师,学士,主要从事肾脏疾病诊疗的研究,E-mail:

通讯作者:

孙治华
Effect of roxadustat on renal anemia of uremic patients with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
Qin-qin QU1, 2 , Zhi-hua SUN1, 2 , Ning SHAO2
Affiliations
  • 1.Wuhan University of Science and Technology Medical School, Wuhan HUBEI 430065, China
  • 2.Department of Nephrology,Wuhan University of Science and Technology Tianmen First People’s Hospital Postgraduate Training Base, Tianmen HUBEI 431700, China
出版时间: 2024-08-25 doi: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.08.09
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目的

观察规律血液透析(HD)与腹膜透析(PD)尿毒症患者应用罗沙司他治疗肾性贫血的临床疗效及安全性差异。

方法

选取2019年12月至2023年3月尿毒症透析使用罗沙司他治疗肾性贫血的患者102例,按体重选择罗沙司他起始剂量,45~60 kg每次口服100 mg,≥60 kg每次口服120 mg,每周3次给药,连续服用12周,根据血红蛋白(Hb)情况调整药物剂量。患者根据透析方式分为PD组50例, HD组52例;将2组中超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)≥6 mg·L-1设为高hs-CRP亚组,<6 mg·L-1设为正常hs-CRP亚组。观察罗沙司他治疗前后2组患者贫血相关指标、铁代谢、脂代谢变化及不良反应发生情况。

结果

使用罗沙司他治疗12周后PD组与HD组Hb、红细胞计数(RBC)、血细胞比容(HCT)、血清铁(SI)水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),血清铁蛋白(SF)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均较治疗前下降(P<0.05);PD组治疗后Hb、RBC、HCT、SI、TC、LDL-C水平显著高于HD组(P<0.05);转铁蛋白饱和度(TSAT)、总铁结合力(TIBC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平在治疗前后组内、组间比较均无显著差异(P>0.05);TG、SF水平及不良反应发生率组间比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗12周后2组患者高hs-CRP亚组和正常hs-CRP亚组Hb水平均较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05),亚组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。

结论

罗沙司他可有效改善尿毒症并进行规律HD或PD患者的肾性贫血,且短期安全性良好。与HD患者相比,PD患者的贫血改善更显著。

罗沙司他  /  血液透析  /  腹膜透析  /  肾性贫血
AIM

To observe the difference of clinical efficacy and safety between regular hemodialysis (HD)and peritoneal dialysis (PD) uremic patients treated with roxadustat for renal anemia.

METHODS

From December 2019 to March 2023, 102 renal anemia patients treated with roxadustat for uremic dialysis were selected. The initial dose of roxadustat was chosen based on weight, with 100 mg orally for patients weighing 45 to 60 kg and 120 mg for those weighing ≥60 kg. The medication was administered three times a week for 12 consecutive weeks, with dosage adjustments according to hemoglobin (Hb) levels. According to the dialysis method, there were 50 cases in the PD group and 52 cases in the HD group. Within the groups, those with high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) ≥6 mg·L-1 were classified as high hs-CRP subgroup, while those with <6 mg·L-1 were considered the normal hs-CRP subgroup.Changes in anemia-related indicators, iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and adverse reactions before and after roxadustat treatment were observed in both groups.

RESULTS

After 12 weeks of treatment with roxadustat, the levels of Hb, red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), and serum iron (SI) in the both groups all increased compared with before the treatment (P<0.05), while the levels of serum ferritin (SF), total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) all decreased (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of Hb, RBC, HCT, SI, TC, and LDL-C in the PD group were significantly higher than those in the HD group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in transferrin saturation (TSAT), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels within and between the groups before and after the treatment(P>0.05). There were no significant differences in TG and SF levels and the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the average Hb level of the high hs-CRP subgroup and normal hs-CRP subgroup of the two groups significantly increased compared with before treatment (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two subgroups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION

Roxadustat is effective in improving renal anemia in uremia patients with HD or PD, and the short-term safety is good. Compared with HD patients, anemia is more significantly improved in PD patients.

roxadustat  /  hemodialysis  /  peritoneal dialysis  /  renal anemia
曲芹芹, 孙治华, 邵宁. 罗沙司他对尿毒症血液透析与腹膜透析患者肾性贫血的影响. 中国新药与临床杂志, 2024 , 43 (8) : 612 -617 . DOI: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.08.09
Qin-qin QU, Zhi-hua SUN, Ning SHAO. Effect of roxadustat on renal anemia of uremic patients with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis[J]. Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, 2024 , 43 (8) : 612 -617 . DOI: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.08.09
目前全球慢性肾脏病患病率约为13%1,2,我国的总体患病率为10.8%,估计约有1.195亿例3,随着病情进展,肾性贫血的患病率与日俱增,终末期肾脏病患者的贫血发生率超过90%4。有较多研究表明,以罗沙司他为代表的口服小分子低氧诱导因子(HIF)脯氨酰羟化酶抑制剂(PHI)可有效纠正肾性贫血,目前笔者尚未查见关于应用罗沙司他治疗尿毒症血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)与腹膜透析(peritoneal dialysis,PD)肾性贫血患者的对比研究。本研究观察比较HD与PD尿毒症患者应用罗沙司他治疗肾性贫血的疗效区别及相关不良反应,为临床实践提供参考。
选取2019年12月至2023年3月天门市第一人民医院肾脏内科诊治的尿毒症透析使用罗沙司他治疗肾性贫血的患者。纳入标准:(1)80岁>年龄≥18岁,男女不限;(2)符合尿毒症肾性贫血的诊断且透析时间≥3个月;(3)血红蛋白(Hb)在60~110 g·L-1。排除标准:(1)临床资料缺失严重影响研究结果者;(2)营养不良性贫血、出血性贫血、地中海贫血以及再生障碍性贫血等其他疾病导致的贫血者;(3)用药1个月内有输血史、红细胞生成刺激剂(ESA)治疗史。本研究经天门市第一人民医院伦理委员会批准(伦审号:20220240)。
共纳入102例患者,根据透析方式最终纳入PD组50例,HD组52例。PD组患者选择成都青山利康腹透液,每1 000 mL腹膜透析液中含葡萄糖15 g、氯化钠5.38 g、氯化钙0.26 g、氯化镁0.051 g、乳酸钠4.48 g,采用连续性不卧床PD,每日4袋,每袋2 000 mL,留腹时间根据患者尿量超滤量及体内水负荷量情况决定,每周总尿素清除指数(Kt/v)>1.7。HD组患者选择德国费森尤斯4008S透析机,每周3次,每次4 h,血流量、透析液流量分别为200~300 mL·min-1、500 mL·min-1,单室尿素清除指数(spKt/v) >1.2。根据患者干体重情况确定超滤量。
将2组中治疗前超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)大于6 mg·L-1的患者设为高hs-CRP亚组,小于6 mg·L-1患者设为正常hs-CRP亚组,其中PD组高hs-CRP亚组19例、正常hs-CRP亚组31例,HD组高hs-CRP亚组16例、正常hs-CRP亚组36例。
根据患者体重选择罗沙司他起始剂量:体重45~60 kg每次口服100 mg,≥60 kg每次口服120 mg,每周3次给药,连续服用12周。罗沙司他[珐博进(中国)医药技术开发有限公司,规格为每粒20 mg和每粒50 mg,生产批号为222001、221014和521059、521033],两种规格根据患者使用量、服药便利性选择,随访中根据Hb变化情况进行药物剂量调整,使Hb维持100~120 g·L-1。若患者绝对铁缺乏[指PD患者转铁蛋白饱和度 (TSAT)≤20%,血清铁蛋白(SF)≤100 ng·mL-1;HD患者SF≤200 ng·mL-15,则使用口服补铁,在铁剂给药期间继续使用罗沙司他进行治疗,研究期间高血压、糖尿病患者继续降压、降糖治疗,2组患者均未使用调脂药物。
收集患者应用罗沙司他治疗前性别、年龄、体重指数(BMI)、收缩压、舒张压、透析时间、hs-CRP、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、血浆白蛋白(Alb)、残余肾功能(RRF)及原发病如高血压、糖尿病等资料;应用罗沙司他治疗前和治疗后4周、8周、12周实验室资料,包括贫血相关指标[红细胞计数(RBC)、Hb、血细胞比容(HCT)],铁代谢指标[血清铁(SI)、SF、总铁结合力(TIBC)、TSAT]和脂代谢指标[总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)]等,并观察不良反应情况。
采用SPSS 26.0对数据进行统计分析。计量资料经正态性检验,符合正态分布的资料采用均数±标准差描述,比较采用重复测量方差分析并采用Bonferroin两两比较。非正态分布计量资料采用M(P25, P75)描述,组间比较采用非参数检验。分类计数资料采用例数(百分比)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。以P<0.05为有显著差异。
2组患者用药前性别、年龄、透析时间、BMI、血压、Alb、RRF、hs-CRP、PTH、原发病、RBC、Hb、HCT、SI、SF、TIBC、TSAT、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C均无显著差异(P>0.05),见表1
与治疗前相比,治疗12周后2组Hb、RBC、HCT水平均显著升高(P<0.05)。治疗8、12周后PD组Hb、RBC水平显著高于HD组(P<0.05),治疗4、8、12周后PD组HCT水平显著高于HD组(P<0.05),见表2
与治疗前相比,治疗12周后2组SI水平均显著升高,SF水平降低(P<0.05)。治疗8、12周后PD组SI水平显著高于HD组(P<0.05),2组SF水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。TSAT、TIBC水平在治疗前后组内及组间比较均无显著差异(P>0.05),见表3
与治疗前相比,治疗12周后2组TC、TG、LDL-C水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。治疗8、12周后HD组TC水平显著低于PD组,治疗4、8周后HD组LDL-C水平显著低于PD组(P<0.05)。TG水平组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。HDL-C水平在治疗前后组内、组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。见表4
2组中的高hs-CRP亚组与正常hs-CRP亚组Hb水平分别进行相同时间点亚组间比较,均无显著差异(P>0.05);高hs-CRP亚组及正常hs-CRP亚组治疗12周后Hb水平均较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05)。见表5
用药过程中PD组出现2例腹泻、1例急性心力衰竭、1例血压升高,HD组出现腹泻、高钾血症、血压升高各1例,2组不良反应发生率无显著差异(P>0.05)。2组均经对症治疗后好转,未出现严重不良反应。
尿毒症肾性贫血是由红细胞生成素(EPO)的合成不足或活性降低、尿毒症抑制红细胞生成、红细胞存活时间缩短和铁稳态紊乱、营养不良、微炎症状态等引起的多因素过程5,6。贫血可加速肾脏疾病的进展,增加心血管事件和全因死亡率的风险7
罗沙司他通过可逆地结合并抑制脯氨酰羟化酶,减少HIF降解并促进其活性,使内源性EPO产生增加,降低铁调素表达,改善铁代谢,促进铁的利用与吸收进而提升Hb8,9。本研究结果显示,2组患者使用罗沙司他治疗后Hb、RBC、HCT、SI显著增高,SF显著下降,表明罗沙司他改善铁代谢纠正肾性贫血效果显著。在脂代谢方面,2组患者治疗后TC、TG、LDL-C水平均明显降低,考虑可能与罗沙司他通过激活HIF降低3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶(HMG-COA)活性,从而使肝脏TC合成降低有关10。有研究表明减少脯氨酰羟化酶的表达不仅可以降低肝脏TC合成,改善HDL-C与LDL-C,还可减少主动脉斑块的形成,目前需要更多研究进一步明确其机制11。在炎症指标方面,2组内高hs-CRP亚组与正常亚组Hb水平在治疗后均可明显升高,且相同时间点亚组间比较Hb水平无显著差异。综上结果表明,透析患者使用罗沙司他可改善铁代谢与脂代谢,在微炎症状态下仍可有效纠正肾性贫血,这与较多临床研究及Meta分析12,13结果一致。
本研究结果显示在应用罗沙司他前提下,PD组较HD组能更好改善贫血,考虑有以下原因:首先,HD失血量较多,如反复穿刺、透析管路潴留等,HD时发生血流动力学急剧变化,可致肾脏有效血容量降低,使RRF下降较PD更明显;而PD能够更好保留RRF,可持续清除尿毒症毒素,减轻其抑制EPO生成和骨髓产生红细胞的作用14。其次,有研究表明,与HD患者相比,PD患者RRF下降较缓慢可产生更多内源性EPO,而且蛋白质能量消耗发生率更低使其具有更好的ESA反应性15,16。故PD患者使用罗沙司他后可更好地促进机体EPO产生,从而改善贫血。最后,罗沙司他主要通过UGT1A9和CYP2C8代谢,在肝脏中,CYP2C8是将罗沙司他转化为羟化罗沙司他的主要CYP酶,终末期肾脏病中尿毒症毒素抑制CYP酶活性,通过HD清除小分子尿毒症毒素后,CYP酶活性可短暂改善17,18,提示小分子毒素可能是抑制CYP酶的主要因子。由于PD与HD相比清除小分子尿毒症毒素效果稍差,故推测在一定程度上PD患者体内CYP2C8酶活性相对低下,使罗沙司他血药浓度相对更高,从而能更好地纠正贫血。铁代谢紊乱是引起肾性贫血的重要原因,发生铁代谢紊乱的主要机制是铁调素异常表达,机体炎症因子与转铁蛋白竞争性结合血清铁,导致SI下降,SF升高19;尿毒症透析患者机体多处于微炎症状态,腹膜为生理性半透膜,而HD透析膜为人工合成的半透膜,存在生物不相容性,且血管通路可激活炎性细胞,可引起机体氧化应激及炎症反应,加重微炎症状态20;由于血液透析器自身孔径限制对hs-CRP等炎症因子清除能力较差,有研究发现,PD对炎症因子清除效果相对较好,但对小分子物质肌酐、尿素氮等清除效果差21,22;考虑可能随着透析时间延长,HD微炎症状态较PD明显,故PD组能更好地改善铁代谢。脂代谢方面,有研究表明,尿毒症患者食欲下降、经尿及透析液中丢失大量蛋白可能是低白蛋白血症的原因23,尿毒症患者透析后血浆白蛋白降低更明显,PD患者更甚,营养不良、低蛋白血症是透析患者高脂血症的主要影响因素24,这可能是本研究显示HD患者TC、LDL-C水平降低较PD患者更明显的原因。
综上所述,罗沙司他可有效改善尿毒症HD或PD患者的肾性贫血,PD患者贫血、铁代谢改善更显著,HD患者脂代谢改善更显著,其机制有待进一步研究。该药短期安全性较好,2组均未见严重不良反应,由于本研究周期较短,关于远期疗效及安全性需长期研究观察。
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2024年第43卷第8期
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doi: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.08.09
  • 接收时间:2023-10-26
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2024-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-26
  • 录用日期:2024-04-29
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    1.武汉科技大学医学院,湖北 武汉 430065
    2.武汉科技大学天门市第一人民医院研究生培养基地 肾内科,湖北 天门 431700

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孙治华
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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