Article(id=1239222195449295569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1239222192311948159, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.11.11, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1708963200000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1728489600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-10-10, onlineDate=1773383195030, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1732464000000, pubDateStr=2024-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773383195030, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773383195030, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773383195030, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239222192311948159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, year='2024', volume='43', issue='11', pageStart='801', pageEnd='880', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773383194282, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773384015681, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239225637551002124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1239222192311948159, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239225637551002125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1239222192311948159, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=860, endPage=865, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239222199152866016, articleId=1239222195449295569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, language=EN, title=Current situation and trend analysis of traditional Chinese medicine innovation research based on CiteSpace, columnId=1207314218647392369, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, columnName=Original Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
AIM

To explore the current research progress, research status, and future development directions in the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)innovation.

METHODS

CiteSpace software was used to analyze the paper trends and keywords in domestic journal articles between 1999 and 2023, and keyword clustering analysis, drawing timeline mapping,and emergent word analysis were used to visualize the field of Chinese medicine innovation in China.

RESULTS

The number of TCM innovation-related publications showed a fluctuating upward trend year by year. The research is still dominated by the researchers’ respective teams and lacks relevant team cooperation. The development of TCM research has entered a rapid development stage, which has envolved from the traditional research direction such as prescription research and development,it has developed to the construction of TCM data platform and intelligent production in the industry.

CONCLUSION

Research in the field of TCM innovation in China is developing steadily and undergoing a transformation towards diversification,digitization, and intelligence.

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目的

探究中药创新领域目前的研究进展、研究现状以及未来的发展方向。

方法

利用CiteSpace软件分析1999年到2023年期间国内期刊论文的发文趋势和关键词,运用关键词聚类分析、时间线图谱绘制以及突现词分析等方法,对我国中药创新领域进行可视化分析。

结果

中药创新相关发文量呈逐年波动性上升趋势。研究仍然以各自团队为主,缺乏相关团队合作。中药研究发展步入快速发展阶段,由方剂研究、中药研发产业等传统研究方向,发展到中药数据平台建设、产业智能化生产。

结论

我国中药创新领域的研究稳步发展,正在向多元化、数字化、智能化方向转型。

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方中坚
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樊玉录,女,讲师,博士,主要从事药事管理教学及研究工作,E-mail:

吴紫昆,男,硕士在读,主要从事药事管理、医药创新的研究,E-mail:

方中坚,男,讲师,硕士,主要从事药事管理教学及研究工作,E-mail:

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基于CiteSpace的我国中药创新研究现状及趋势分析
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樊玉录 1 , 吴紫昆 2 , 徐一新 1 , 方中坚 1 , 姚虹 1 , 俞嫣雯 1
中国新药与临床杂志 | 论著 2024,43(11): 860-865
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中国新药与临床杂志 | 论著 2024, 43(11): 860-865
基于CiteSpace的我国中药创新研究现状及趋势分析
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樊玉录1 , 吴紫昆2 , 徐一新1, 方中坚1 , 姚虹1, 俞嫣雯1
作者信息
  • 1.上海健康医学院 药学院,上海 201318
  • 2.沈阳药科大学 工商管理学院,辽宁 沈阳 110016
  • 樊玉录,女,讲师,博士,主要从事药事管理教学及研究工作,E-mail:

    吴紫昆,男,硕士在读,主要从事药事管理、医药创新的研究,E-mail:

    方中坚,男,讲师,硕士,主要从事药事管理教学及研究工作,E-mail:

通讯作者:

方中坚
Current situation and trend analysis of traditional Chinese medicine innovation research based on CiteSpace
Yu-lu FAN1 , Zi-kun WU2 , Yi-xin XU1, Zhong-jian FANG1 , Hong YAO1, Yan-wen YU1
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, SHANGHAI 201318, China
  • 2.School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang LIAONING 110016, China
出版时间: 2024-11-25 doi: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.11.11
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目的

探究中药创新领域目前的研究进展、研究现状以及未来的发展方向。

方法

利用CiteSpace软件分析1999年到2023年期间国内期刊论文的发文趋势和关键词,运用关键词聚类分析、时间线图谱绘制以及突现词分析等方法,对我国中药创新领域进行可视化分析。

结果

中药创新相关发文量呈逐年波动性上升趋势。研究仍然以各自团队为主,缺乏相关团队合作。中药研究发展步入快速发展阶段,由方剂研究、中药研发产业等传统研究方向,发展到中药数据平台建设、产业智能化生产。

结论

我国中药创新领域的研究稳步发展,正在向多元化、数字化、智能化方向转型。

中医药学  /  文献计量学  /  聚类分析
AIM

To explore the current research progress, research status, and future development directions in the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)innovation.

METHODS

CiteSpace software was used to analyze the paper trends and keywords in domestic journal articles between 1999 and 2023, and keyword clustering analysis, drawing timeline mapping,and emergent word analysis were used to visualize the field of Chinese medicine innovation in China.

RESULTS

The number of TCM innovation-related publications showed a fluctuating upward trend year by year. The research is still dominated by the researchers’ respective teams and lacks relevant team cooperation. The development of TCM research has entered a rapid development stage, which has envolved from the traditional research direction such as prescription research and development,it has developed to the construction of TCM data platform and intelligent production in the industry.

CONCLUSION

Research in the field of TCM innovation in China is developing steadily and undergoing a transformation towards diversification,digitization, and intelligence.

traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacy  /  bibliometrics  /  cluster analysis
樊玉录, 吴紫昆, 徐一新, 方中坚, 姚虹, 俞嫣雯. 基于CiteSpace的我国中药创新研究现状及趋势分析. 中国新药与临床杂志, 2024 , 43 (11) : 860 -865 . DOI: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.11.11
Yu-lu FAN, Zi-kun WU, Yi-xin XU, Zhong-jian FANG, Hong YAO, Yan-wen YU. Current situation and trend analysis of traditional Chinese medicine innovation research based on CiteSpace[J]. Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, 2024 , 43 (11) : 860 -865 . DOI: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.11.11
随着《中医药发展战略规划纲要(2016—2030年)》的出台,2020年9月,国家药品监督管理局发布了《中药注册分类及申报资料要求》,对中药创新药物注册申请提出了具体要求,进一步加强对中药创新的重视程度,鼓励中药新药研发与创新、促进中药产业化高质量发展成为中药领域未来的核心发展路径。同时,科技的进步促使新的科研手段和设备不断涌现,例如基因组学、蛋白质组学、高通量筛选等新技术的应用,为中药材的有效成分筛选、药效机制研究等提供了新的途径,为中药创新提供了强大的技术支持和新的方案。此外,中医药文化传承是中药创新的重要基础。本研究通过调查了解目前我国中药创新研究现状,挖掘传统文化中药理论和现代中药技术实践的精髓,为中药创新提供思想源泉。
以检索主题词“中药创新”OR “中药传承”,对中国知网(CNKI)文献数据库进行检索,文献类型为中文期刊文献,检索时间为1999年1月1日到2023年12月1日。将检索的文献导出,并将相关数据导入NoteExpress软件中,对不符合纳入标准的文献进行剔除[1]。在筛选文献时,主要依据研究内容、发表时间、文献语种等,剔除一些文献,包括一些重复发表的文献、期刊的征稿启事、某些会议的摘要、指南、社会短评、相关会议通知以及没有标注作者的文献[2]
将文献数据利用Excel软件绘制年度发文数量分布折线图,之后运用CiteSpace软件(6.2.R6)进行分析。选择节点来源(Node Lables)中的作者(Author)选项,将Threshold设置成3,可以获取清晰的可视化结果并得到作者合作的知识图谱。选择机构(institution)选项调查医院机构与中药创新之间的关系。在软件中选择时间为1999—2023年,时间分组为1年,节点类型(node types)中选择关键词(Keyword)进行关键词分析[3,4],绘制1999—2023年我国中药创新研究相关的关键词共现图谱。通过时间线分析方法观察关键词的突现值,测量关键词频次变化率较高的部分,通过这种变化率的波动方向、大小等来了解领域研究的前沿和未来发展方向[5]。为了确保聚类结构分析的显著性,使用TopN选项进行设定,即在每个时间切片(time slice)中提取被引次数最高的N篇文献作为网络中的节点。将TopN选项设定为50。裁剪类型选定Pathfinder,可以简化复杂的文献引用网络,同时保留网络中的重要结构和特征。聚类名词提取的方法设定为LLR算法,按聚类中关键词数量呈反向关系编序号,序号从#0到#9。聚类分析模块化Q值>0.3表明网络结构显著,s值>0.5表明聚类成员一致性水平高。利用软件中Control Panel面板中的Layout-Timezone View进行关键词的时间演变研究,最后得到药学人才研究关键词分布的时间变化[6]。根据关键词突变程度,选择关键词突变较强的突现词,通过计算得到中药创新研究领域的前18个突现词。
通过双人检索、筛选、复核,最终从初步导出的1999─2023年1 159条文献数据中得到659篇文献,分析可见,中药创新相关发文量呈逐年波动性上升趋势,于2009年、2015年出现发文数量小高峰,2016年以后数量爆发式增长,于2019年到顶峰,见图1
发文量排名前10的作者依次为申丹(11次),杨洪军、唐仕欢和杨明(各9次),何庆勇、刘昌孝和唐健元(各7次),申竹芳(5次),袁红梅、张磊和卢朋(各4次)。形成一定规模的核心团队有申丹、杨洪军、唐仕欢、杨明、何庆勇、刘昌孝、唐健元等作者,但上述核心作者团队之间的连线数量不多,表明其中药创新领域之间合作关系仍旧不密切,尚未形成跨中心研究合作。见图2
排名前10的机构依次为南京中医药大学药学院(11次)、中国中医科学院西苑医院(10)次、国家药品监督管理局药品审评中心(9次)、江西中医药大学(9次)、上海中医药大学(9次)、广州中医药大学第一附属医院(8次)、成都中医药大学附属医院(8次)、广州中医药大学(8次)、山东中医药大学(7次)以及中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所(7次)。从机构上来看,中药研究基本都依托中医药大学或者相关医院进行研究,但相关团队在中药领域之间的活动并不密切,各中心依旧是延续各自团队研究的模式。
中药创新关键词图谱共有节点N=236个,连线E=222条,网络密度Density=0.008,见图3。主要关键词为数据挖掘、中药、用药规律、组方规律、中医药、中药新药、中药产业、新药研发、中药复方、专利。数据挖掘、组方规律以及中药研究的节点最大,说明目前我国中药创新领域研究更多的集中在对于中药组方规律以及中药产业数据分析的领域。
聚类分析结果显示,Q值为0.883 6,s值为0.976 9,反映出聚类的效果是显著的,并且具有较高的可信度,可以进行下一步分析。
选择共聚程度排名最大的前10个聚类,并且关键词的共现频率在10次以上,前10类聚类关键词主要为中药、新药研发、用药规律、中医药、中药新药、中药产业、配伍规律、中医中药、组方规律以及中药饮片等,领域涵盖了中药合作的质量评价、中药新药研发理论基础研究、中药用药规律、中医中药的学科建设以及学科融合、中药产业扩大化策略、中药处方专利研究、中药生产模式变革等方面。
通过分析得到的关键词时间线见图4,国内此类热点词按本领域的发展变化可以分为三个阶段:1999—2006年(理论研究阶段),2007—2013年(实践发展阶段),2014—2023年(快速发展阶段)。理论研究阶段的关键词为新药研发、编委会、理论与技术、创新中药等。从这些关键词中可以看出,理论研究阶段主要是处于中药创新研究的探索阶段,对中药新药研发的理论与技术、创新中药定义与方案的讨论以及审评编委会设立等方面进行研究。实践发展阶段的关键词为中药新药、创新证候、组方规律、质量评价、实验教学等。从关键词来看,中药创新研究侧重于原有组方规律、创新中药的适应证、高校中药课程建设与实验教学以及创新后的中药自身质量评价等方面,由原有的理论研究阶段正式步入中药创新的实践阶段。快速发展阶段的关键词为用药规律、数据挖掘、网络药理学、中医传承辅助系统、中医传承辅助平台等。从关键词来看,中药创新研究的模式已经发生了改变,在互联网、计算机以及人工智能飞速发展的背景下,中药创新与现代技术结合方式、利用互联网开展网络药理学研究以及搭建中医辅助系统与平台的研究成为现在中药创新研究的重点与方向。
我国中药创新研究领域突变较强的18个关键词及对应的突变强度和时间见图5。“中药产业”“创新中药”持续时间最长,大致持续时间为12~16年,说明创新中药并形成相关产业是中药创新领域研究的重点,创新中药是路径,中药产业是结果。“中药学”“组方规律”“中药炮制”的突现时间较长,说明通过对古方规律的研究、探求与现代工艺结合的路径、以及中药炮制实践等领域也是研究的热门话题。从突现强度来看,“数据挖掘”的突现值最高,已达到8.75,说明近年来研究的重点是对于中药研究的数据挖掘,依托现有的互联网背景,将中药创新与互联网相结合。
文献发表数量和发文时间有效反映了该研究领域的热门程度。本研究分析相关领域的发文数量,发现中药创新相关发文量呈逐年波动性上升趋势,2016年以后数量爆发式增长,于2019年达到顶峰,说明近年来我国对中药创新领域重视程度不断提高,反映了该领域具有较为乐观的研究前景。同时,也预示着中药创新领域已有了一定的实质性研究成果。
研究通过分析文章关键词发现,国内中药创新领域的研究从理论研究阶段过渡到实践发展阶段,最终进入了快速发展阶段。通过对研究热点以及时间线分析,发现中药创新近年来的研究关键词以数据挖掘、网络药理学、中医传承辅助系统、中医传承辅助平台为主。未来中药创新将更多地向平台化、智能化方向发展。
本研究分析发现相关研究虽然越来越数智化、平台化,但对于中药的临床价值研究似乎并没有增加。在步入快速发展阶段的这十年,中药人才的培养方式并没有得到重视,培养模式也并没有进行更新研究。近十年的组方研究也相对减少。因此,针对这些问题提出以下建议:(1)加强以临床价值为导向的中药新药的研发。目前中药产业发展已经度过了野蛮生长的阶段,但在售的中药产品仍然存在一种产品多家公司生产的情况,消费者以自身对品牌的熟悉度来进行选择。企业需要以临床价值为导向,生产更多新品种的中药,打破中药产品壁垒,避免企业恶意竞争。例如屠呦呦带领团队进行了系统的研究和临床试验,最终成功提取出纯化的青蒿素,她不仅致力于基础研究,还注重将科研成果应用于实际临床治疗,为全球疟疾防控工作提供了重要的药物依据[7]。(2)加大对于用药规律、组方规律与配伍规律等理论的研究。很多传统中药产品、中药组方等无法顺利上市是因为存在着临床数据不足、适应证过多等问题,在研究中也同样具有有效成分的分离、分子机制的确定、信号通路、微量微效、非线性量效关系、生物利用度较低等问题[8],应加强用药规律研究,加大中药创新理论研究,解决中药创新中的诸多问题。例如一些科研机构和专家团队为了更好地研究中医药的病证辨治规律,通过搜集和分析大量的中医医案和相关数据,运用数学方法和统计学原理,利用数学模型研究中医药的辨证论治理论体系[9]。(3)建立中药创新人才培养体系,扩大产教结合的模式。以往的高校中药课堂形式单一,并且相关知识过于陈旧。中药课程的教学内容应与时俱进,紧跟国家战略和科学技术发展的脚步,调动学生的积极性,不断更新教学内容[10],增加一些前沿相关的研究介绍。加大实践课程的比例,做到理论与实践相结合;创建高校与企业联合培养的相关项目,做到产教结合,提升研究结果转化成专利的速度,提升人才培养的质量。例如近年来国家建设“名医工作室”,继承发扬传统的师承教育模式,高校培养的学生通过医院的“规培”和一定阶段的临床实践,再选拔到国家“名医工作室”进行师承培养,形成不同层次互补的协同培养模式[11]。(4)提升中药创新产业数字化、智能化。在信息化时代,依托数据平台,将中医药理论知识和临床经验与大数据、云计算及人工智能等现代科技相结合[12],利用现代科技工具明确药效物质,清晰药效机制,提升生产线效率,增加产品线的产量。例如一些企业利用现代科技手段运用光谱分析、色谱分析、质谱分析等现代分析方法,快速准确地检测中药材的有效成分和质量指标,同时利用人工智能和大数据技术,建立起中药质量控制的数据库和模型,有效解决了中药材的质量稳定性和标准化难题[13]。另外与现代医学的结合也可促进中药国际化,增加国际化的路径与中药认可度,进一步推动中医药的标准化,使中药与化学药品、生物药齐头并进,更好地促进中西医的结合。
  • 上海市卫生健康委员会2024年卫生健康政策研究课题(2024HP57)
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2024年第43卷第11期
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doi: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.11.11
  • 接收时间:2024-02-27
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2024-11-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-27
  • 录用日期:2024-10-10
基金
上海市卫生健康委员会2024年卫生健康政策研究课题(2024HP57)
上海健康医学院2023年科研骨干校外学术导师制项目(AMSCP-23-07-01)
上海健康医学院“师资人才百人库”产学研践习项目(A3-0200-24-311007)
上海健康医学院思想政治理论与课程思政教学研究专项(CFDQ20240082)
作者信息
    1.上海健康医学院 药学院,上海 201318
    2.沈阳药科大学 工商管理学院,辽宁 沈阳 110016

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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