Article(id=1239201875468284389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1239201870791627164, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.03.06, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1672934400000, receivedDateStr=2023-01-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1705248000000, acceptedDateStr=2024-01-15, onlineDate=1773378350368, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1711296000000, pubDateStr=2024-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773378350368, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773378350368, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773378350368, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239201870791627164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, year='2024', volume='43', issue='3', pageStart='161', pageEnd='240', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773378349254, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773378470498, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239202379392938830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1239201870791627164, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239202379397133135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, issueId=1239201870791627164, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=192, endPage=196, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239201877703848483, articleId=1239201875468284389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, language=EN, title=Efficacy and safety of amisulpride combined with aripiprazole in treatment of schizophrenic patients with poor efficacy of amisulpride and concomitant hyper-prolactinemia in acute phase, columnId=1207314218647392369, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, columnName=Original Article, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
AIM

To investigate the efficacy and safety of amisulpride combined with aripiprazole in schizophrenic patients with poor efficacy of amisulpride and concomitant hyperprolactinemia in acute phase.

METHODS

A total of 72 patients who had poor efficacy and increased prolactin levels after a 8-week treatment of amisulpride were randomly divided into control group and study group, with 36 patients in each group. The patients in the control group continued to be treated with amisulpride (400 - 1 200 mg·d-1), while the patients in the study group received aripiprazole (the initial dose was 5 mg·d-1, which could be increased to 10-30 mg·d-1) on the basis of amsulpride, for an additional 8 weeks of treatment. The scores of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) and the levels of serum prolactin were compared between the two groups at the time of enrollment and different time points of treatment.

RESULTS

Two cases were dropped out in each group and 34 cases were completed in each group. The effective rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the 2nd, 4th, and 8th weekend of treatment (P<0.05). At the end of 4 and 8 weeks, the total PANSS score in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01), and significantly decreased compared with that at the time of enrollment (P<0.01). At the end of treatment, the reduction of PANSS total score, positive score, and psychopathology score of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01). The prolactin levels in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group at the 4th and 8th weekend of treatment (P<0.01), and was also significantly lower than that at the time of enrollment (P<0.01). The increase of serum prolactin in female patients in the study group was more significant than that in male patients (P<0.01) after 8 weeks of treatment with amisulpride, and the decrease of serum prolactin in female patients was also more significant than that in male patients (P<0.01) after treatment combined with aripiprazole. There were no significant difference in TESS score and incidence rate of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION

After combined with aripiprazole in schizophrenic patients with poor efficacy of amisulpride and elevated serum prolactin, the therapeutic effect can be increased, the serum prolactin level can be reduced, and the benefits are more obvious in female patients, with no significant increase in adverse reactions.

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目的

探讨经氨磺必利治疗疗效欠佳且伴高催乳素血症的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗后的疗效和安全性。

方法

将使用氨磺必利治疗8周后疗效欠佳且催乳素升高的72例患者随机分成对照组和研究组各36例,对照组患者继续使用氨磺必利(400~1 200 mg·d-1)治疗,研究组在氨磺必利基础上合并使用阿立哌唑(起始剂量5 mg·d-1,可增加至10~30 mg·d-1),均再治疗8周。比较2组患者入组时和治疗不同时间点阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、副反应量表(TESS)评分和血清催乳素水平。

结果

每组均脱落2例,各完成34例。研究组治疗有效率在第2、4、8周末均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4、8周末,研究组PANSS总分显著低于对照组(P<0.01),且较入组时显著下降(P<0.01)。治疗结束时,研究组PANSS总分、阳性量表、精神病理量表的减分值均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组催乳素水平在治疗4、8周末显著低于对照组(P<0.01),与入组时相比也显著下降(P<0.01);研究组女性患者使用氨磺必利治疗8周后血清催乳素升高值显著高于男性患者(P<0.01),合并阿立哌唑治疗后,女性患者血清催乳素下降值也显著高于男性(P<0.01)。2组TESS评分和不良反应发生率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。

结论

氨磺必利治疗效果不佳且血清催乳素升高的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗,可以增加疗效,有效降低血清催乳素水平,女性患者获益更加明显,且不良反应未见明显增加。

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陈宏,E-mail:
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张秀贞,女,副主任医师,学士,主要从事临床精神病学的研究,E-mail:

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组别治疗2周末治疗4周末治疗8周末
对照显效率1(3)6(18)15(44)
有效率4(12)14(41)23(68)
研究显效率6(18)a16(47)b24(71)b
有效率14(41)b26(76)b30(88)b
), ArticleFig(id=1239218213347717504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239201875468284389, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2组各时点疗效比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别治疗2周末治疗4周末治疗8周末
对照显效率1(3)6(18)15(44)
有效率4(12)14(41)23(68)
研究显效率6(18)a16(47)b24(71)b
有效率14(41)b26(76)b30(88)b
), ArticleFig(id=1239218213439992197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239201875468284389, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别入组时治疗
1周末2周末4周末8周末
对照75.76±10.2174.63±10.05d72.89±9.52d70.77±9.29e65.15±8.74f
研究76.58±9.69a73.77±9.36ad68.78±8.74af61.64±7.98cf56.49±7.32cf
), ArticleFig(id=1239218213532266889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239201875468284389, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2组各时点阳性和阴性症状量表总分比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别入组时治疗
1周末2周末4周末8周末
对照75.76±10.2174.63±10.05d72.89±9.52d70.77±9.29e65.15±8.74f
研究76.58±9.69a73.77±9.36ad68.78±8.74af61.64±7.98cf56.49±7.32cf
), ArticleFig(id=1239218213662290322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239201875468284389, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别总分减分值阳性量表减分值阴性量表减分值精神病理量表减分值
对照10.68±4.393.54±2.081.89±1.045.25±3.18
研究19.98±6.28c7.88±3.28c2.14±1.33a9.68±4.18c
), ArticleFig(id=1239218213750370711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239201875468284389, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2组治疗结束时阳性和阴性症状量表总分及各因子分减分值比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别总分减分值阳性量表减分值阴性量表减分值精神病理量表减分值
对照10.68±4.393.54±2.081.89±1.045.25±3.18
研究19.98±6.28c7.88±3.28c2.14±1.33a9.68±4.18c
), ArticleFig(id=1239218213855228317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239201875468284389, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别入院时入组时治疗
1周末2周末4周末8周末
对照208.81±87.291 559.38±250.47f1 544.57±149.17fg1 465.78±151.20fg1 462.51±163.42fg1 459.61±256.35fg
研究195.97±88.63a1 498.38±237.19af1 480.98±105.70afg1 371.41±174.44afg 864.51±112.13cfi 567.46±189.76cfi
), ArticleFig(id=1239218213955891620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239201875468284389, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2组各时点血清催乳素水平比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别入院时入组时治疗
1周末2周末4周末8周末
对照208.81±87.291 559.38±250.47f1 544.57±149.17fg1 465.78±151.20fg1 462.51±163.42fg1 459.61±256.35fg
研究195.97±88.63a1 498.38±237.19af1 480.98±105.70afg1 371.41±174.44afg 864.51±112.13cfi 567.46±189.76cfi
), ArticleFig(id=1239218214064943530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239201875468284389, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别入组时治疗
1周末2周末4周末8周末
对照9.71±3.259.56±3.489.68±3.599.46±3.749.32±3.43d
研究9.49±3.72a9.66±3.57ad10.34±3.69ad10.29±3.43ad9.62±3.33ad
), ArticleFig(id=1239218214165606834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1205117082300743687, articleId=1239201875468284389, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

2组各时点副反应量表评分比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别入组时治疗
1周末2周末4周末8周末
对照9.71±3.259.56±3.489.68±3.599.46±3.749.32±3.43d
研究9.49±3.72a9.66±3.57ad10.34±3.69ad10.29±3.43ad9.62±3.33ad
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急性期氨磺必利疗效欠佳且伴高催乳素血症的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗后的疗效及安全性
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张秀贞 , 陈莹 , 李秀英 , 陈宏
中国新药与临床杂志 | 论著 2024,43(3): 192-196
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中国新药与临床杂志 | 论著 2024, 43(3): 192-196
急性期氨磺必利疗效欠佳且伴高催乳素血症的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗后的疗效及安全性
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张秀贞 , 陈莹, 李秀英, 陈宏
作者信息
  • 山东省戴庄医院,山东 济宁 272051
  • 张秀贞,女,副主任医师,学士,主要从事临床精神病学的研究,E-mail:

通讯作者:

陈宏,E-mail:
Efficacy and safety of amisulpride combined with aripiprazole in treatment of schizophrenic patients with poor efficacy of amisulpride and concomitant hyper-prolactinemia in acute phase
Xiu-zhen ZHANG , Ying CHEN, Xiu-ying LI, Hong CHEN
Affiliations
  • Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining SHANDONG 272051, China
出版时间: 2024-03-25 doi: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.03.06
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目的

探讨经氨磺必利治疗疗效欠佳且伴高催乳素血症的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗后的疗效和安全性。

方法

将使用氨磺必利治疗8周后疗效欠佳且催乳素升高的72例患者随机分成对照组和研究组各36例,对照组患者继续使用氨磺必利(400~1 200 mg·d-1)治疗,研究组在氨磺必利基础上合并使用阿立哌唑(起始剂量5 mg·d-1,可增加至10~30 mg·d-1),均再治疗8周。比较2组患者入组时和治疗不同时间点阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、副反应量表(TESS)评分和血清催乳素水平。

结果

每组均脱落2例,各完成34例。研究组治疗有效率在第2、4、8周末均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4、8周末,研究组PANSS总分显著低于对照组(P<0.01),且较入组时显著下降(P<0.01)。治疗结束时,研究组PANSS总分、阳性量表、精神病理量表的减分值均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组催乳素水平在治疗4、8周末显著低于对照组(P<0.01),与入组时相比也显著下降(P<0.01);研究组女性患者使用氨磺必利治疗8周后血清催乳素升高值显著高于男性患者(P<0.01),合并阿立哌唑治疗后,女性患者血清催乳素下降值也显著高于男性(P<0.01)。2组TESS评分和不良反应发生率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。

结论

氨磺必利治疗效果不佳且血清催乳素升高的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗,可以增加疗效,有效降低血清催乳素水平,女性患者获益更加明显,且不良反应未见明显增加。

精神分裂症  /  氨磺必利  /  阿立哌唑  /  高催乳素血症  /  治疗结果  /  安全
AIM

To investigate the efficacy and safety of amisulpride combined with aripiprazole in schizophrenic patients with poor efficacy of amisulpride and concomitant hyperprolactinemia in acute phase.

METHODS

A total of 72 patients who had poor efficacy and increased prolactin levels after a 8-week treatment of amisulpride were randomly divided into control group and study group, with 36 patients in each group. The patients in the control group continued to be treated with amisulpride (400 - 1 200 mg·d-1), while the patients in the study group received aripiprazole (the initial dose was 5 mg·d-1, which could be increased to 10-30 mg·d-1) on the basis of amsulpride, for an additional 8 weeks of treatment. The scores of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) and the levels of serum prolactin were compared between the two groups at the time of enrollment and different time points of treatment.

RESULTS

Two cases were dropped out in each group and 34 cases were completed in each group. The effective rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the 2nd, 4th, and 8th weekend of treatment (P<0.05). At the end of 4 and 8 weeks, the total PANSS score in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01), and significantly decreased compared with that at the time of enrollment (P<0.01). At the end of treatment, the reduction of PANSS total score, positive score, and psychopathology score of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01). The prolactin levels in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group at the 4th and 8th weekend of treatment (P<0.01), and was also significantly lower than that at the time of enrollment (P<0.01). The increase of serum prolactin in female patients in the study group was more significant than that in male patients (P<0.01) after 8 weeks of treatment with amisulpride, and the decrease of serum prolactin in female patients was also more significant than that in male patients (P<0.01) after treatment combined with aripiprazole. There were no significant difference in TESS score and incidence rate of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION

After combined with aripiprazole in schizophrenic patients with poor efficacy of amisulpride and elevated serum prolactin, the therapeutic effect can be increased, the serum prolactin level can be reduced, and the benefits are more obvious in female patients, with no significant increase in adverse reactions.

schizophrenia  /  amisulpride  /  aripiprazole  /  hyperprolactinemia  /  treatment outcome  /  safety
张秀贞, 陈莹, 李秀英, 陈宏. 急性期氨磺必利疗效欠佳且伴高催乳素血症的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗后的疗效及安全性. 中国新药与临床杂志, 2024 , 43 (3) : 192 -196 . DOI: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.03.06
Xiu-zhen ZHANG, Ying CHEN, Xiu-ying LI, Hong CHEN. Efficacy and safety of amisulpride combined with aripiprazole in treatment of schizophrenic patients with poor efficacy of amisulpride and concomitant hyper-prolactinemia in acute phase[J]. Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies, 2024 , 43 (3) : 192 -196 . DOI: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.03.06
精神分裂症是一种严重的慢性迁延性精神障碍,患者的终生患病率约为1%[1]。精神分裂症治疗指南均推荐使用抗精神病药治疗,与第一代抗精神病药相比,第二代抗精神病药在治疗上更有优势[2]。氨磺必利(amisulpride)是第二代抗精神病药,由于其对多巴胺D2和D3受体表现出选择性亲和力而起到抗精神病作用,但同时阻断结节-漏斗系统多巴胺D2受体使垂体前叶催乳素细胞脱抑制,导致催乳素分泌增加,引发高催乳素血症[3]。高催乳素血症可导致闭经、性欲下降、泌乳、骨质疏松,甚至有认知损害和增加患心脏病的风险,给患者带来困扰并影响治疗的依从性[4]。阿立哌唑(aripiprazole)同为第二代抗精神病药,与氨磺必利的作用机制不同,它是多巴胺D2受体部分激动剂,可有效降低催乳素的分泌[5]。近年来,国内外研究主要集中在氨磺必利合并小剂量阿立哌唑对患者血清催乳素水平的影响[6,7]。本研究旨在探讨经氨磺必利治疗效果不佳且引发高催乳素的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗的疗效和安全性,以期为临床安全、合理用药提供依据。
研究对象为2021年6月至2022年9月在山东省戴庄医院住院并单独使用氨磺必利治疗的精神分裂症患者。入组标准:(1)符合《国际疾病与相关健康问题统计分类》(ICD-10)精神分裂症诊断标准[8]。(2)年龄18~60岁。(3)入院前半月内未使用任何精神类药物及影响催乳素分泌的药物。(4)入院后单用氨磺必利(商品名为帕可,齐鲁制药有限公司生产,规格为每片200 mg,生产批准文号为国药准字H20113231)治疗8周,日剂量400~1 200 mg至少治疗8周及以上。(5)入院时阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)总分≥70分,使用氨磺必利治疗8周末PANSS减分率<25%。PANSS减分率=(入院时PANSS总分-氨磺必利治疗8周末PANSS总分)/(入院时PANSS总分-30)×100%。(6)入院时测血清催乳素,男性45~375 µIU ·mL-1,女性59~619 µIU·mL-1;单用氨磺必利8周后催乳素,男性>375 µIU·mL-1,女性>619 µIU·mL-1。排除标准:(1)伴有严重躯体疾病或精神活性物质滥用者;(2)对氨磺必利或阿立哌唑过敏者;(3)妊娠、哺乳期女性。患者本人及法定监护人对本研究知情同意并签署知情同意书,研究方案和知情同意书获得山东省戴庄医院伦理委员会审核批准。
2021年6月至2022年9月本院单用氨磺必利治疗的住院精神分裂症患者共389例,其中,治疗8周末PANSS减分率<25%有125例(32.1%),血清催乳素水平高出正常值范围有282例(72.5%),符合入组标准的有72例,采用随机数字表法将入组患者随机分成对照组和研究组各36例。
对照组继续使用氨磺必利(400~1 200 mg·d-1)治疗。试验组在氨磺必利基础上加用阿立哌唑(商品名为安律凡,浙江大冢制药有限公司,规格为每片5 mg,生产批号为230314A)治疗,起始剂量5 mg·d-1,其后增加剂量至10~30 mg·d-1,平均日剂量为(22.43±7.68)mg。2组患者入组后均再继续住院治疗8周。
所有患者均在入组时和治疗1、2、4、8周末进行PANSS评分,以PANSS减分率来评定临床疗效[9],PANSS减分率≥75%为痊愈,50%≤PANSS减分率<75%为显著好转,25%≤PANSS减分率<50%为好转,PANSS减分率<25%为无效。显效率=(痊愈+显著好转)/总例数×100%,有效率=(痊愈+显著好转+好转)/总例数×100%。
在入组时和治疗1、2、4、8周末进行副反应量表(TESS)评价,观察和记录治疗期间不良反应发生情况。
所有患者均在入组时和治疗1、2、4、8周末早7:00抽取肘静脉血,采用西门子全自动化学发光分析仪(ADVIA Centaur XP)测定血清催乳素水平。血清催乳素正常值范围:男性45~375 µIU ·mL-1,女性59~619 µIU ·mL-1
采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行数据分析。计量资料以均数±标准差($\bar{x}\pm s$)表示,组间比较采用t检验;计数资料以百分率表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。以P<0.05为差异有显著意义。
共脱落4例,其中对照组脱落2例(1例因出现兴奋和冲动行为、1例家中有事需处理提前出院),研究组脱落2例(均因家中有事提前出院),每组均完成34例。对照组男性19例,女性15例;受教育年限(10.55±3.17)年;总病程(3.46±1.73)年;本次病程(0.34±0.27)年;入组时使用氨磺必利日剂量(705.49±261.82)mg。研究组男性17例,女性17例;受教育年限(9.61±3.02)年;总病程(3.33±1.78)年;本次病程(0.32±0.25)年;入组时使用氨磺必利日剂量(693.87±268.77)mg。2组一般资料比较均无显著差异(P>0.05),具有可比性。
以PANSS减分率评定疗效,研究组治疗8周的显效率为71%,有效率为88%。从显效率看,治疗2周末组间无显著差异(P>0.05),研究组在治疗4、8周末显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。从有效率看,研究组在治疗2、4、8周末均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。见表1
2组在入组时和治疗1、 2周末PANSS总分组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05);治疗4、8周末,研究组PANSS总分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。与入组时比较,对照组治疗4、8周末PANSS总分显著下降(P<0.05);研究组治疗2、4、8周末PANSS总分显著下降(P<0.01)。见表2
治疗结束时,研究组PANSS总分、阳性量表、精神病理量表的减分值均显著优于对照组(P<0.01),阴性量表的减分值与对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。见表3
2组在入院时、入组时和治疗1、2周末血清催乳素水平组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05),研究组治疗4周末和8周末血清催乳素水平显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。与入院时比较,2组入组时和治疗各时点血清催乳素水平均显著增高(P<0.01)。与入组时比较,对照组治疗8周末时血清催乳素水平有所下降,但无显著差异(P>0.05);研究组治疗4周、8周末血清催乳素水平显著下降(P<0.01),见表4。对照组无患者血清催乳素水平下降到正常范围;研究组有12例患者血清催乳素水平降至正常值范围,恢复正常率为35%(12/34)。
研究组男性患者(n=17)使用氨磺必利治疗8周后(入组时)较入院时血清催乳素升高(1 026.72±249.54)µIU·mL-1,女性患者(n=17)升高(1 566.37±299.35)µIU ·mL-1,女性升高幅度显著高于男性(P<0.01);研究组男性患者合并阿立哌唑治疗结束时血清催乳素较入组时下降(696.39±207.48)µIU·mL-1,女性患者下降(1 158.29±263.14)µIU ·mL-1,女性下降幅度显著高于男性(P<0.01)。
2组入组时及治疗各时点TESS评分组间比较均无显著差异(P>0.05),2组治疗各时点TESS评分与入组时比较亦无显著差异(P>0.05)。见表5
对照组不良反应发生率为35%(12/34),其中月经紊乱5例,泌乳4例,嗜睡3例,头疼头晕、静坐不能、窦性心动过速各2例;研究组患者不良反应发生率为41%(14/34),其中静坐不能7例,头疼头晕、窦性心动过速各3例,嗜睡、口干便秘各2例,月经紊乱1例。2组不良反应发生率无显著差异(P>0.05);对照组女性患者(n=15)月经紊乱的发生率显著高于研究组(n=17)(33% vs. 6%,P<0.05),研究组患者静坐不能发生率显著高于对照组(21% vs. 6%,P<0.05)。
非典型抗精神病药已成为治疗精神分裂症的一线药物。氨磺必利和阿立哌唑均属于非典型抗精神病药,但作用机制不同。氨磺必利是一种苯酰胺类抗精神病药,在通过选择性阻断多巴胺D2、D3受体而有效治疗精神分裂症[10,11]的同时,也极易引起高催乳素血症[12]。阿立哌唑是多巴胺D2受体强效部分激动剂,在多巴胺功能亢进时作为D2受体拮抗剂,低下时可作为D2受体激动剂,这种独特的药理机制使其在改善精神症状的同时不导致血清催乳素水平的升高,甚至可有效降低抗精神病药引起的血清催乳素升高。这一结果已得到国内国外学者的证实[6,13]。经氨磺必利治疗效果不佳且导致血清催乳素升高的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗后是否可以获得较好疗效并降低血清催乳素水平,国内外研究较少。
本研究中389例住院精神分裂症患者单独使用氨磺必利治疗8周后发现疗效不佳(PANSS减分率<25%)的有125例(32.1%),血清催乳素高出正常范围的有282例(72.5%),与国内外研究结果[10-12]基本相符。
有研究发现,氨磺必利联合阿立哌唑治疗精神分裂症的疗效显著优于单用氨磺必利[14]。本研究结果显示,经氨磺必利治疗8周效果不佳且引起血清催乳素升高的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑(研究组)治疗4周和8周末的PANSS总分显著低于继续单用氨磺必利(对照组)的患者,且研究组的有效率及显效率均显著高于对照组。合并阿立哌唑治疗2周后,患者PANSS评分较入组时即有显著下降,而单独使用氨磺必利治疗4周PANSS评分才有显著下降。说明对经氨磺必利治疗8周效果不佳且引起血清催乳素升高的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗效果优于继续单独使用氨磺必利治疗,且见效时间快。
治疗结束时比较2组PANSS量表总分和各因子分减分值发现,除阴性量表因子分外,研究组PANSS总分及各因子分相较对照组均有显著下降。这提示阿立哌唑在治疗精神分裂症的阳性及精神病理症状上可能更有优势。
2组患者在入院使用氨磺必利治疗8周后血清催乳素均有显著升高,直至治疗结束。对照组血清催乳素浓度较入组时有所下降,但下降不显著,无患者血清催乳素降至正常;而研究组催乳素水平在治疗结束时下降非常显著,且有12例患者催乳素水平降至正常。本研究结果表明阿立哌唑能有效降低氨磺必利引起的血清催乳素水平,为催乳素升高的精神分裂症患者提供了治疗方案。但目前国内外对阿立哌唑是否能降低血清催乳素水平的研究结果并不一致[13,15],可能与受试人群不同有关,可进一步进行多中心研究得出更准确的结论。
氨磺必利对不同性别患者血清催乳素的影响也有差别。本研究显示,使用氨磺必利治疗后,女性患者血清催乳素水平较男性升高更为显著,与其他研究结果[16]相一致。合并阿立哌唑治疗后,女性血清催乳素水平较男性下降显著,提示女性患者合并阿立哌唑治疗可能较男性获益更大。
2组患者在入组时及入组治疗后各时点TESS评分及不良反应发生率均无显著差异,而试验组静坐不能的发生率显著高于对照组,女性月经紊乱的发生率显著低于对照组。这表明阿立哌唑增加了患者的锥体外系不良反应,但能有效降低血清催乳素水平,使女性患者月经趋于正常。
综上所述,经氨磺必利急性期治疗效果不佳且伴发血清催乳素升高的精神分裂症患者合并阿立哌唑治疗,不仅可以增加疗效,还能有效降低血清催乳素水平,女性患者获益更加明显,且药物不良反应未见明显增加。因本研究样本量有限,结论有一定的局限性,可进一步开展多中心、大样本的相关研究,得到更为客观的研究结果。另外,本研究观察时间较短,缺乏长期的观察随访,有待于进一步延展研究周期,也可进行不同性别的分层研究,长期观察氨磺必利合并阿立哌唑治疗的疗效及安全性,为临床治疗提供更准确的参考依据。
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2024年第43卷第3期
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doi: 10.14109/j.cnki.xyylc.2024.03.06
  • 接收时间:2023-01-06
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2024-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-01-06
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    山东省戴庄医院,山东 济宁 272051

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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