Article(id=1321170590204023173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321170520196895605, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1144962, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1716652800000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-26, revisedDate=1725206400000, revisedDateStr=2024-09-02, acceptedDate=1736092800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-01-06, onlineDate=1792921214866, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1741536000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921214866, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921214866, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921214866, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321170520196895605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='3', pageStart='257', pageEnd='384', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1741536000000', pubDateStr='2025-03-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921198175, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921198175, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=315, endPage=319, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321170590396961158, articleId=1321170590204023173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=A survey of infant and young child nutrition service capacity in maternal and child health institutions across 16 provinces (municipalities) in China in 2022, columnId=1320427686514770171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Survey and Report, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To investigate and analyze the current status and problems of infant and young child nutrition services in maternal and child health institutions in China.
Methods In 2022, a purposive sampling method was used to select 56 maternal and child health institutions from 16 provinces (municipalities) in China. An online questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information on the implementation of three types of infant and young child nutrition services (feeding guidance, physical growth assessment, and micronutrient deficiency risk screening), reasons for not providing these services, the number of four types of nutrition service personnel (clinical practitioners, public health practitioners, nurses, and technicians), and the availability of two types of nutrition service tools (dietary assessment and anthropometric measurement).
Results Among the surveyed institutions, provincial, city, and county (district) level institutions accounted for 14.29% (8/56), 39.29% (22/56), and 46.42% (26/56), respectively. The overall implementation rates of feeding guidance and physical growth assessment were both 100.00%, while the overall implementation rate of micronutrient deficiency risk screening was 69.64% (39/56). The implementation rates of each service item for feeding guidance (breastfeeding, complementary feeding, healthy diet, nutrient supplementation, and responsive feeding) and physical growth assessment (age-specific weight, age-specific length/height, age-specific head circumference, length/height-specific weight, and age-specific BMI) were all above 90.00%. The implementation rates of risk screening for iron, vitamin D, and vitamin A deficiency were 69.64% (39/56), 66.07% (37/56), and 55.36% (31/56), respectively. The main reasons for not implementing these services were insufficient technical skills of service personnel (9 institutions), lack of charging standards (8 institutions), and lack of equipment (8 institutions). Nutrition service personnel were mainly clinical practitioners (pediatrics) and nurses, accounting for 45.76% (329/719) and 27.54% (198/719), respectively. The availability rate of dietary assessment tools ranged from 57.14% to 83.93%, and the availability rates of anthropometric measurement tools were all above 90.00%.
Conclusions Currently, the content of infant and young child nutrition services in maternal and child health institutions in China is not yet comprehensive, the capacity for micronutrient deficiency risk screening is weak, and professional training of nutrition service personnel and the provision of service tools need to be strengthened.
, authors=Shiyu ZHANG
1, Yanxi DING
1, Sijia CHEN
1, Huan ZHOU
2, Hongli DONG
1, Danping SU
1, Xi SHEN
1, Guo ZENG
1, authorsList=Shiyu ZHANG, Yanxi DING, Sijia CHEN, Huan ZHOU, Hongli DONG, Danping SU, Xi SHEN, Guo ZENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Guo ZENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321170591143547275, articleId=1321170590204023173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=2022年我国16省(直辖市)妇幼保健机构婴幼儿营养服务能力现况调查, columnId=1320427686770622717, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=调查报告与分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 调查分析我国妇幼保健机构婴幼儿营养服务现状及问题。
方法 于2022年采用立意抽样选取我国16省(直辖市)56所妇幼保健机构,通过线上问卷调查收集各机构3类婴幼儿营养服务内容(喂养指导、体格生长评价和微量营养素缺乏风险筛查)开展情况及各类服务未开展原因、4类营养服务人员数量(临床执业医师、公共卫生执业医师、护士和医技人员)及2类营养服务工具(膳食评估和体格测量)配备情况。
结果 所调查机构中,省、市、县(区)级机构分别占14.29%(8/56)、39.29%(22/56)和46.42%(26/56)。喂养指导和体格生长评价总开展率均为100.00%,微量营养素缺乏风险筛查总开展率为69.64%(39/56)。喂养指导(母乳喂养、辅食添加、合理膳食、营养素补充和回应性喂养)和体格生长评价(年龄别体重、年龄别身长/身高、年龄别头围、身长/身高别体重和年龄别BMI)各项服务内容开展率均高于90.00%。铁、维生素D和维生素A缺乏风险筛查开展率分别为69.64%(39/56)、66.07%(37/56)和55.36%(31/56),未开展主要原因为服务人员技术不足(9所),收费标准(8所)和设备(8所)欠缺。营养服务人员主要为临床执业医师(儿童保健科)和护士,分别占45.76%(329/719)和27.54%(198/719)。膳食评估工具配备率为57.14%~83.93%,体格测量工具配备率均高于90.00%。
结论 目前我国妇幼保健机构婴幼儿营养服务内容尚不完善,微量营养素缺乏风险筛查能力较弱,营养服务人员专业培训和服务工具配备有待加强。
, authors=张诗雨
1, 丁彦曦
1, 陈思佳
1, 周欢
2, 董洪利
1, 苏丹萍
1, 沈曦
1, 曾果
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2Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321170885529154115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, authorId=1321170885378159168, language=CN, stringName=周欢, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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Nutrients, 2023, 15(6): 1536., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170890264523382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郭冰冰, 卫雅蓉, 裴晶晶, 等. 中国0~6岁儿童营养性贫血影响因素meta分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2018, 34(4): 589-592., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170890331632247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李辉霞, 袁姗, 郑剑飞, 等. 湖南省贫困地区营养包干预与婴幼儿营养和健康状况关系[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2022, 38(12): 1560-1565., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170882865771050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170882878353963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, companyId=1321170882865771050, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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Coverage of infant and young child nutrition services in maternal and child health institutions in 16 provinces (municipalities) of China in 2022 (n=56)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 内容 | 省级(n=8) | | 市级(n=22) | | 县(区)级(n=26) | | 合计(n=56) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 机构数 | 开展率/% | | 机构数 | 开展率/% | | 机构数 | 开展率/% | | 机构数 | 开展率/% |
|---|
| 喂养指导 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 母乳喂养 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 辅食添加 | 8 | 100.00 | | 21 | 95.45 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 55 | 98.21 | | 0.536 b |
| 合理膳食 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 营养素补充 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 25 | 96.15 | | 55 | 98.21 | | 1.000 b |
| 回应性喂养 | 8 | 100.00 | | 20 | 90.91 | | 23 | 88.46 | | 51 | 91.07 | | 1.000 b |
| 体格生长评价 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 年龄别体重 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 年龄别身长/身高 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 年龄别头围 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 25 | 96.15 | | 55 | 98.21 | | 1.000 b |
| 身长/身高别体重 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 24 | 92.31 | | 54 | 96.43 | | 0.629 b |
| 年龄别BMI | 8 | 100.00 | | 20 | 90.91 | | 23 | 88.46 | | 51 | 91.07 | | 1.000 b |
| 微量营养素缺乏风险筛查a | 5 | 62.50 | | 17 | 77.27 | | 17 | 65.38 | | 39 | 69.64 | 1.022 | 0.600 |
| 铁 | 5 | 62.50 | | 17 | 77.27 | | 17 | 65.38 | | 39 | 69.64 | 1.022 | 0.600 |
| 维生素A | 4 | 50.00 | | 13 | 59.09 | | 14 | 53.85 | | 31 | 55.36 | | 0.875 b |
| 维生素D | 5 | 62.50 | | 17 | 77.27 | | 15 | 57.69 | | 37 | 66.07 | 2.091 | 0.351 |
), ArticleFig(id=1321170887450145377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
2022年我国16省(直辖市)妇幼保健机构婴幼儿营养服务内容开展情况(n=56)
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| 内容 | 省级(n=8) | | 市级(n=22) | | 县(区)级(n=26) | | 合计(n=56) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 机构数 | 开展率/% | | 机构数 | 开展率/% | | 机构数 | 开展率/% | | 机构数 | 开展率/% |
|---|
| 喂养指导 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 母乳喂养 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 辅食添加 | 8 | 100.00 | | 21 | 95.45 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 55 | 98.21 | | 0.536 b |
| 合理膳食 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 营养素补充 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 25 | 96.15 | | 55 | 98.21 | | 1.000 b |
| 回应性喂养 | 8 | 100.00 | | 20 | 90.91 | | 23 | 88.46 | | 51 | 91.07 | | 1.000 b |
| 体格生长评价 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 年龄别体重 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 年龄别身长/身高 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 年龄别头围 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 25 | 96.15 | | 55 | 98.21 | | 1.000 b |
| 身长/身高别体重 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 24 | 92.31 | | 54 | 96.43 | | 0.629 b |
| 年龄别BMI | 8 | 100.00 | | 20 | 90.91 | | 23 | 88.46 | | 51 | 91.07 | | 1.000 b |
| 微量营养素缺乏风险筛查a | 5 | 62.50 | | 17 | 77.27 | | 17 | 65.38 | | 39 | 69.64 | 1.022 | 0.600 |
| 铁 | 5 | 62.50 | | 17 | 77.27 | | 17 | 65.38 | | 39 | 69.64 | 1.022 | 0.600 |
| 维生素A | 4 | 50.00 | | 13 | 59.09 | | 14 | 53.85 | | 31 | 55.36 | | 0.875 b |
| 维生素D | 5 | 62.50 | | 17 | 77.27 | | 15 | 57.69 | | 37 | 66.07 | 2.091 | 0.351 |
), ArticleFig(id=1321170887521448546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Composition of infant and young child nutrition service personnel in maternal and child health institutions in 16 provinces (municipalities) of China in 2022 (n=719)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类别 | 省级(n=145) | | 市级(n=386) | | 县(区)级(n=188) | | 合计(n=719) |
|---|
| 人数 | 占比/% | | 人数 | 占比/% | | 人数 | 占比/% | | 人数 | 占比/% |
|---|
| 临床执业医师 | 94 | 64.82 | | 227 | 58.81 | | 122 | 64.90 | | 443 | 61.61 |
| 儿童保健科 | 89 | 61.38 | | 159 | 41.19 | | 81 | 43.09 | | 329 | 45.76 |
| 儿科 | 5 | 3.44 | | 49 | 12.70 | | 38 | 20.21 | | 92 | 12.79 |
| 其他 a | 0 | 0.00 | | 19 | 4.92 | | 3 | 1.60 | | 22 | 3.06 |
| 公共卫生执业医师 | 5 | 3.45 | | 12 | 3.11 | | 10 | 5.32 | | 27 | 3.76 |
| 护士 | 34 | 23.45 | | 120 | 31.09 | | 44 | 23.40 | | 198 | 27.54 |
| 医技人员 b | 12 | 8.28 | | 27 | 6.99 | | 12 | 6.38 | | 51 | 7.09 |
), ArticleFig(id=1321170887605334627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
2022年我国16省(直辖市)妇幼保健机构婴幼儿营养服务人员构成(n=719)
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| 类别 | 省级(n=145) | | 市级(n=386) | | 县(区)级(n=188) | | 合计(n=719) |
|---|
| 人数 | 占比/% | | 人数 | 占比/% | | 人数 | 占比/% | | 人数 | 占比/% |
|---|
| 临床执业医师 | 94 | 64.82 | | 227 | 58.81 | | 122 | 64.90 | | 443 | 61.61 |
| 儿童保健科 | 89 | 61.38 | | 159 | 41.19 | | 81 | 43.09 | | 329 | 45.76 |
| 儿科 | 5 | 3.44 | | 49 | 12.70 | | 38 | 20.21 | | 92 | 12.79 |
| 其他 a | 0 | 0.00 | | 19 | 4.92 | | 3 | 1.60 | | 22 | 3.06 |
| 公共卫生执业医师 | 5 | 3.45 | | 12 | 3.11 | | 10 | 5.32 | | 27 | 3.76 |
| 护士 | 34 | 23.45 | | 120 | 31.09 | | 44 | 23.40 | | 198 | 27.54 |
| 医技人员 b | 12 | 8.28 | | 27 | 6.99 | | 12 | 6.38 | | 51 | 7.09 |
), ArticleFig(id=1321170887685026404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Infant and young child nutrition service tool availability by dietary assessment tool and physical measurement tool in maternal and child health institutions in 16 provinces (municipalities) of China in 2022 (n=56)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 工具 | 省级(n=8) | | 市级(n=22) | | 县(区)级(n=26) | | 合计(n=56) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 机构数 | 配备率/% | | 机构数 | 配备率/% | | 机构数 | 配备率/% | | 机构数 | 配备率/% |
|---|
| 膳食评估工具 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 膳食调查表 | 7 | 87.50 | | 19 | 86.36 | | 16 | 61.54 | | 42 | 75.00 | 4.695 | 0.096 |
| 食物量具 | 5 | 62.50 | | 16 | 72.73 | | 11 | 42.31 | | 32 | 57.14 | | 0.089 b |
| 食物模型 | 8 | 100.00 | | 19 | 86.36 | | 20 | 76.92 | | 47 | 83.93 | | 0.322 b |
| 营养分析软件 | 8 | 100.00 a | | 18 | 81.82 a | | 14 | 53.85 a | | 40 | 71.43 | 8.302 | 0.016 |
| 营养专业书籍 | 8 | 100.00 | | 18 | 81.82 | | 17 | 65.38 | | 43 | 76.79 | 4.627 | 0.099 |
| 体格测量工具 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 身高计 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 体重计 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 卧式量床 | 7 | 87.50 | | 21 | 95.45 | | 25 | 96.15 | | 53 | 94.64 | | 0.525 b |
| 软尺 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
), ArticleFig(id=1321170887768912485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170590204023173, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
2022年我国16省(直辖市)妇幼保健机构婴幼儿营养服务工具配备情况(n=56)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 工具 | 省级(n=8) | | 市级(n=22) | | 县(区)级(n=26) | | 合计(n=56) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 机构数 | 配备率/% | | 机构数 | 配备率/% | | 机构数 | 配备率/% | | 机构数 | 配备率/% |
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| 膳食评估工具 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 膳食调查表 | 7 | 87.50 | | 19 | 86.36 | | 16 | 61.54 | | 42 | 75.00 | 4.695 | 0.096 |
| 食物量具 | 5 | 62.50 | | 16 | 72.73 | | 11 | 42.31 | | 32 | 57.14 | | 0.089 b |
| 食物模型 | 8 | 100.00 | | 19 | 86.36 | | 20 | 76.92 | | 47 | 83.93 | | 0.322 b |
| 营养分析软件 | 8 | 100.00 a | | 18 | 81.82 a | | 14 | 53.85 a | | 40 | 71.43 | 8.302 | 0.016 |
| 营养专业书籍 | 8 | 100.00 | | 18 | 81.82 | | 17 | 65.38 | | 43 | 76.79 | 4.627 | 0.099 |
| 体格测量工具 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 身高计 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 体重计 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
| 卧式量床 | 7 | 87.50 | | 21 | 95.45 | | 25 | 96.15 | | 53 | 94.64 | | 0.525 b |
| 软尺 | 8 | 100.00 | | 22 | 100.00 | | 26 | 100.00 | | 56 | 100.00 | | 1.000 b |
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