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Article(id=1321170067073642721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321169992024961657, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1144008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1704902400000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-11, revisedDate=1732032000000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-20, acceptedDate=1741708800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-03-12, onlineDate=1792921090142, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1744214400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921090142, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921090142, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921090142, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321169992024961657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='4', pageStart='385', pageEnd='512', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1744214400000', pubDateStr='2025-04-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921072250, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921072250, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=464, endPage=467, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321170067291746530, articleId=1321170067073642721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Post-marketing surveillance analysis of human papillomavirus vaccine safety in Hebei province from 2018 to 2022, columnId=1320427686514770171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Survey and Report, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in Hebei province from 2018 to 2022 and to evaluate the safety of these vaccines.

Methods

AEFI cases following HPV vaccination in Hebei province from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, were collected through the AEFI surveillance module of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the characteristics and reported incidence of AEFI.

Results

A total of 128 HPV vaccine AEFI cases were reported in Hebei province from 2018 to 2022, with an average annual reported incidence of 3.03/100 000 doses. The reported incidences of AEFI for the bivalent, quadrivalent, and 9-valent HPV vaccines (HPV2, HPV4, and HPV9, respectively) were 2.39/100 000 doses, 3.61/100 000 doses, and 3.38/100 000 doses, respectively. The AEFI reporting rate for HPV2 was lower than that for HPV4 (χ2=3.931, P<0.05). The reported incidences of general vaccine reactions for HPV2, HPV4, and HPV9 were 2.22/100 000 doses, 2.63/100 000 doses, and 2.74/100 000 doses, respectively. The reported incidences of local redness and swelling and fever were both higher than that of local induration (χ2=12.500, 5.918, both P<0.05). The reported incidences of rare reactions were 0.11/100 000 doses, 0.60/100 000 doses, and 0.55/100 000 doses for HPV2, HPV4, and HPV9, respectively. The incidence of vaccine reactions for both HPV4 and HPV9 were higher than that for HPV2 (χ2=5.763, 4.705, both P<0.05). All AEFI cases related to HPV vaccines recovered or improved, with a good overall outcome.

Conclusions

The reported incidences of AEFI for HPV vaccines in Hebei province were within acceptable limits, indicating good overall safety.

, authors=Shifan WANG1, Li SUN2, Yafei WANG2, Jinghui WANG2, Jing LI2, Yihan WANG2, Qi LI2, authorsList=Shifan WANG, Li SUN, Yafei WANG, Jinghui WANG, Jing LI, Yihan WANG, Qi LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Qi LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
LI Qi, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321170067627290852, articleId=1321170067073642721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=2018—2022年河北省人乳头瘤病毒疫苗上市后安全性监测分析, columnId=1320427686770622717, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=调查报告与分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析河北省2018—2022年人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应（AEFI）的发生特征，评价该疫苗的安全性。

方法

通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统AEFI监测模块收集河北省2018年1月1日—2022年12月31日HPV疫苗接种后的AEFI个案，描述性分析AEFI发生特征和报告发生率。

结果

2018—2022年河北省共报告HPV疫苗AEFI个案128例，年均报告发生率为3.03/10万剂，HPV2、HPV4和HPV9的AEFI报告发生率分别为2.39/10万剂、3.61/10万剂和3.38/10万剂，HPV2的AEFI报告发生率低于HPV4（χ2=3.931，P<0.05）；HPV2、HPV4、HPV9一般反应报告发生率分别为2.22/10万剂、2.63/10万剂和2.74/10万剂，局部红肿、发热的报告发生率均高于局部硬结（χ2=12.500、5.918，P均<0.05）；异常反应报告发生率分别为0.11/10万剂、0.60/10万剂和0.55/10万剂，HPV4和HPV9的异常反应发生率均高于HPV2（χ2=5.763、4.705，P均<0.05）。HPV疫苗所有AEFI个案均已治愈或好转，总体转归情况良好。

结论

河北省接种的HPV疫苗AEFI报告发生率均在可接受范围内，总体安全性良好。

, authors=王诗璠1, 孙丽2, 王亚菲2, 王晶辉2, 李静2, 王易寒2, 李琦2, *, *, authorsList=王诗璠, 孙丽, 王亚菲, 王晶辉, 李静, 王易寒, 李琦, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李琦, authorNote=

王诗璠（1999—），硕士在读，研究方向：流行病学与卫生统计学

, correspAuthorsNote=
李琦，E-mail：
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王诗璠（1999—），硕士在读，研究方向：流行病学与卫生统计学

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On the contextual nature of vaccine safety monitoring: adverse events reporting after HPV-vaccination in Denmark, 2015[J]. 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Distribution of HPV vaccine adverse reaction, such as local redness and swelling and fever, its rates in Hebei province from 2018 to 2022/(1/100 000 doses)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目HPV2HPV4HPV9合计
例次发生率例次发生率例次发生率例次发生率
一般反应
　发热（腋温/℃）100.56171.28131.19400.95
　　37.1～37.540.2260.4510.09110.26
　　37.6～38.550.2850.3830.27130.31
　　≥38.610.0660.4590.82160.38
　红肿/cm221.22141.05151.37511.21
　　≤2.5100.56110.8380.73290.69
　　2.6～5.0120.6730.2370.64220.52
　硬结/cm100.5660.4550.46210.50
　　≤2.560.3360.4530.27150.36
　　2.6～5.040.2210.0950.12
　　>5.010.0910.02
异常反应
　过敏性反应
　　过敏性皮疹20.1510.0930.07
　　过敏性休克20.1820.05
　　过敏性紫癜10.0610.0820.05
　　荨麻疹10.0810.02
　　其他过敏性反应10.0810.02
　其他10.0630.2330.2770.17
), ArticleFig(id=1321170075156066585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170067073642721, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

河北省2018—2022年HPV疫苗不良反应发生率分布情况/（1/10万剂）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目HPV2HPV4HPV9合计
例次发生率例次发生率例次发生率例次发生率
一般反应
　发热（腋温/℃）100.56171.28131.19400.95
　　37.1～37.540.2260.4510.09110.26
　　37.6～38.550.2850.3830.27130.31
　　≥38.610.0660.4590.82160.38
　红肿/cm221.22141.05151.37511.21
　　≤2.5100.56110.8380.73290.69
　　2.6～5.0120.6730.2370.64220.52
　硬结/cm100.5660.4550.46210.50
　　≤2.560.3360.4530.27150.36
　　2.6～5.040.2210.0950.12
　　>5.010.0910.02
异常反应
　过敏性反应
　　过敏性皮疹20.1510.0930.07
　　过敏性休克20.1820.05
　　过敏性紫癜10.0610.0820.05
　　荨麻疹10.0810.02
　　其他过敏性反应10.0810.02
　其他10.0630.2330.2770.17
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2018—2022年河北省人乳头瘤病毒疫苗上市后安全性监测分析
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王诗璠 1 , 孙丽 2 , 王亚菲 2 , 王晶辉 2 , 李静 2 , 王易寒 2 , 李琦 2, *, *
中国公共卫生 | 调查报告与分析 2025,41(4): 464-467
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中国公共卫生 |调查报告与分析 2025 , 41 (4) : 464 -467
2018—2022年河北省人乳头瘤病毒疫苗上市后安全性监测分析
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王诗璠1, 孙丽2, 王亚菲2, 王晶辉2, 李静2, 王易寒2, 李琦2, *, *
作者信息
  • 1华北理工大学公共卫生学院，唐山 063210
  • 2河北省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划管理所，石家庄 050021
通讯作者:
李琦，E-mail：
作者简介:

王诗璠（1999—），硕士在读，研究方向：流行病学与卫生统计学

Post-marketing surveillance analysis of human papillomavirus vaccine safety in Hebei province from 2018 to 2022
Shifan WANG1, Li SUN2, Yafei WANG2, Jinghui WANG2, Jing LI2, Yihan WANG2, Qi LI2
Affiliations
  • 1School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
  • 2Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
    • Corresponding Author:
    LI Qi, E-mail:
出版时间: 2025-04-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1144008
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摘要
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目的

分析河北省2018—2022年人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应（AEFI）的发生特征，评价该疫苗的安全性。

方法

通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统AEFI监测模块收集河北省2018年1月1日—2022年12月31日HPV疫苗接种后的AEFI个案，描述性分析AEFI发生特征和报告发生率。

结果

2018—2022年河北省共报告HPV疫苗AEFI个案128例，年均报告发生率为3.03/10万剂，HPV2、HPV4和HPV9的AEFI报告发生率分别为2.39/10万剂、3.61/10万剂和3.38/10万剂，HPV2的AEFI报告发生率低于HPV4（χ2=3.931，P<0.05）；HPV2、HPV4、HPV9一般反应报告发生率分别为2.22/10万剂、2.63/10万剂和2.74/10万剂，局部红肿、发热的报告发生率均高于局部硬结（χ2=12.500、5.918，P均<0.05）；异常反应报告发生率分别为0.11/10万剂、0.60/10万剂和0.55/10万剂，HPV4和HPV9的异常反应发生率均高于HPV2（χ2=5.763、4.705，P均<0.05）。HPV疫苗所有AEFI个案均已治愈或好转，总体转归情况良好。

结论

河北省接种的HPV疫苗AEFI报告发生率均在可接受范围内，总体安全性良好。

二价人乳头瘤病毒疫苗  /  四价人乳头瘤病毒疫苗  /  九价人乳头瘤病毒疫苗  /  疑似预防接种异常反应  /  河北省
Objective

To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in Hebei province from 2018 to 2022 and to evaluate the safety of these vaccines.

Methods

AEFI cases following HPV vaccination in Hebei province from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, were collected through the AEFI surveillance module of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the characteristics and reported incidence of AEFI.

Results

A total of 128 HPV vaccine AEFI cases were reported in Hebei province from 2018 to 2022, with an average annual reported incidence of 3.03/100 000 doses. The reported incidences of AEFI for the bivalent, quadrivalent, and 9-valent HPV vaccines (HPV2, HPV4, and HPV9, respectively) were 2.39/100 000 doses, 3.61/100 000 doses, and 3.38/100 000 doses, respectively. The AEFI reporting rate for HPV2 was lower than that for HPV4 (χ2=3.931, P<0.05). The reported incidences of general vaccine reactions for HPV2, HPV4, and HPV9 were 2.22/100 000 doses, 2.63/100 000 doses, and 2.74/100 000 doses, respectively. The reported incidences of local redness and swelling and fever were both higher than that of local induration (χ2=12.500, 5.918, both P<0.05). The reported incidences of rare reactions were 0.11/100 000 doses, 0.60/100 000 doses, and 0.55/100 000 doses for HPV2, HPV4, and HPV9, respectively. The incidence of vaccine reactions for both HPV4 and HPV9 were higher than that for HPV2 (χ2=5.763, 4.705, both P<0.05). All AEFI cases related to HPV vaccines recovered or improved, with a good overall outcome.

Conclusions

The reported incidences of AEFI for HPV vaccines in Hebei province were within acceptable limits, indicating good overall safety.

bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine  /  quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine  /  9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine  /  suspected adverse events following immunization  /  Hebei province
王诗璠, 孙丽, 王亚菲, 王晶辉, 李静, 王易寒, 李琦. 2018—2022年河北省人乳头瘤病毒疫苗上市后安全性监测分析. 中国公共卫生, 2025 , 41 (4) : 464 -467 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1144008
Shifan WANG, Li SUN, Yafei WANG, Jinghui WANG, Jing LI, Yihan WANG, Qi LI. Post-marketing surveillance analysis of human papillomavirus vaccine safety in Hebei province from 2018 to 2022[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2025 , 41 (4) : 464 -467 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1144008
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人乳头瘤病毒（human papilloma virus，HPV）是一种嗜上皮性病毒，女性持续感染该病毒极易引发宫颈上皮组织异常增生，从而转化为宫颈癌[1-3]。2020年世界卫生组织推出了“加速消除宫颈癌全球战略”，其中强调到2030年，要实现3个目标：90%的女孩在15岁之前接种人乳头状瘤病毒疫苗；70%的女性在35岁和45岁前分别接受一次宫颈癌筛查； 90%的宫颈癌前病变或宫颈癌患者可以获得及时治疗[4]。在该战略中，HPV疫苗接种是最为重要的一环，接种HPV疫苗可有效地预防HPV感染、降低宫颈癌等相关疾病的发病率[5–6]，并且在降低持续病变及复发[7–8]、提高患者生存率及降低死亡率方面也发挥着重要作用[9]。2018—2022年在河北省接种的HPV疫苗包括二价HPV疫苗（HPV2）、四价HPV疫苗（HPV4）和九价HPV疫苗（HPV9）。尽管上市后的疫苗均得到了药品检验机构的合格证，但受疫苗的种类、剂量、接种技术、个体差异等各种因素的影响，接种疫苗后不可避免地会出现疑似预防接种异常反应（adverse events following immunization，AEFI）。自2022年起，河北省唐山市、邯郸市、衡水市、石家庄市陆续开展适龄女童HPV疫苗免费接种，该类疫苗的安全性也备受社会关注。因此，本研究通过分析河北省2018年1月1日—2022年12月31日接种HPV疫苗发生地AEFI监测数据，探讨疫苗的安全性，以弥补HPV疫苗安全性研究的不足，为后续推广接种疫苗提供科学依据。
1　资料与方法
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1.1　资料来源
AEFI监测数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统AEFI监测模块，按照报告日期、县级已审核筛选2018年1月1日—2022年12月31日数据，下载河北省相关AEFI个案作为研究对象。接种剂次数据来源于中国免疫规划信息管理系统和河北省免疫规划信息管理系统。本研究通过了河北省疾病预防控制中心伦理委员会伦理审批（批件编号：HeBIRB2024-005）。
1.2　监测疫苗和免疫程序
HPV疫苗属于非免疫规划疫苗，我国目前尚未推荐统一的免疫程序，均按照产品说明书执行。HPV2适用于9～45岁的女性，共接种3剂，于第0、1和6个月分别接种1剂次，每剂0.5 mL[10–11]；此外，国产HPV2对9～14岁女性也可采用第0、6个月分别接种1剂次（间隔≥5个月）的免疫程序，每剂0.5 mL[11]。HPV4适用于9～45岁女性，共接种3剂，于第0、2、6个月分别接种1剂次，每剂0.5 mL[12]。HPV9适用于9～45岁女性，共接种3剂，在第0、2和6个月分别接种1剂次，每剂0.5 mL[13–14]。
1.3　AEFI报告内容及分类
根据《全国疑似预防接种异常反应监测方案（2022年版）》[15]工作要求，报告怀疑与接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗有关的AEFI 包括发热、接种部位发生的硬结、红肿、过敏性皮疹、过敏性休克等。按照发生原因分为5种类型，分别为不良反应（包括一般反应和异常反应）、疫苗质量事故、接种事故、偶合症和心因性反应。按照严重程度分为严重AEFI和非严重AEFI。
1.4　统计分析
利用Excel 2010软件整理和建立数据库，使用SPSS 23.0进行统计学分析。对AEFI指标进行描述性分析，报告发生率=某疫苗AEFI报告例数/某疫苗接种剂次数×10万剂；分类资料采用χ2检验和连续校正χ2检验，检验水准α=0.05。
2　结　果
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2.1　AEFI报告发生率
2018年1月1日—2022年12月31日，河北省共报告HPV疫苗AEFI 个案128例，年均报告发生率为3.03/10万剂。HPV2、HPV4和HPV9分别报告AEFI个案43、48和37例，AEFI报告发生率分别为2.39/10万剂、3.61/10万剂、3.38/10万剂，HPV4的AEFI报告发生率高于HPV2，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=3.931，P<0.05）。
2.2　AEFI分类
在128例AEFI个案中，一般反应105例，异常反应16例，偶合症5例，心因性反应2例。严重、非严重AEFI分别为5例和123例。经统计学比较，一般反应报告发生率（2.48/10万剂）高于异常反应（0.38/10万剂），差异具有统计学意义（χ2=65.464，P<0.05）；非严重AEFI报告发生率（2.91/10万剂）高于严重AEFI（0.12/10万剂），差异具有统计学意义（χ2=108.783，P<0.05）。HPV4和HPV9的异常反应发生率均高于HPV2（χ2=5.763、4.705，P均<0.05）
2.3　人群、地区和时间分布
在128例AEFI个案中，年龄范围为11～45岁。其中，9～16岁8例（3.43/10万剂），17～26岁39例（3.21/10万剂），27～45岁81例（5.38/10万剂）。各年龄组的AEFI报告发生率差异均无统计学意义（χ2=0.028、0.192、0.251，P均>0.05）。河北省11个市（石家庄市、唐山市、秦皇岛市、邯郸市、邢台市、保定市、张家口市、承德市、沧州市、衡水市和廊坊市）、雄安新区、辛集市、定州市均有AEFI个案报告，其中承德市（11.54/10万剂）、衡水市（9.12/10万剂）和雄安新区（8.20/10万剂）的AEFI报告发生率相对较高。全年各季度均有AEFI报告，第1、2、3、4季度分别报告30、27、33、38例。
2.4　不良反应临床诊断分布（表1）
在一般反应中，发热、局部红肿、局部硬结的报告发生率分别为0.95/10万剂、1.21/10万剂、0.50/10万剂。局部红肿、发热的报告发生率均高于局部硬结（χ2=12.500、5.918，P均<0.05）。接种HPV2发生的局部红肿报告发生率高于发热、局部硬结（χ2均=4.500，P均<0.05）；接种HPV4发生的发热的报告发生率均高于局部硬结（χ2=5.261，P<0.05）；接种HPV9发生的局部红肿的报告发生率均高于硬结（χ2=5.261，P<0.05）。在异常反应中，过敏性反应的报告发生率最高（0.21/10万剂），其次为其他临床诊断（0.17/10万剂）。接种HPV2发生的异常反应中过敏性紫癜1例（0.06/10万剂）；接种HPV4发生的异常反应中以过敏性反应为主5例（0.38/10万剂）；接种HPV9的异常反应中过敏性反应3例（0.27/10万剂）。接种HPV2、HPV4、HPV9发生的过敏性反应与其他临床诊断的报告发生率差异均无统计学意义（χ2=0.001、0.125、0.001，P均>0.05）。
2.5　反应发生时间和转归分布
128例AEFI个案中，接种至反应发生时间间隔<1、1～3、4～14和≥15 d分别为81例（63.28%）、34（26.56%）、6（4.69%）和7例（5.47%）；在HPV2 AEFI 中分别为26（60.47%）、10（23.26%）、6（13.95%）和1例（2.32%），在HPV4 AEFI 中分别为27（56.25%）、18（37.50%）、0（0.00%）和3例（6.25%），在HPV9 AEFI 中分别为28（75.68%）、6（16.22%）、0（0.00%）和3例（8.10%）。接种后<1 d发生的一般反应为72例（88.89%），异常反应为7例（8.64%）。所有报告的AEFI个案均已治愈或好转。
3　讨　论
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适龄女性接种HPV疫苗并配合定期细胞学筛查，能够有效降低与HPV相关的异常增生及恶性肿瘤，特别是降低宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率[16]。中国自2016年引入HPV疫苗后，疫苗接种量逐年增加，接种后出现的AEFI也备受关注。2022年世界卫生组织发表的立场文件表明，全球疫苗安全咨询委员会对HPV疫苗进行的定期安全性审查中，未发现HPV疫苗存在任何安全问题[17]。本研究通过描述性分析HPV疫苗接后AEFI的发生特征及相关指标，评价该疫苗的安全性，以填补河北省相关研究的空白，并为其他省在HPV疫苗接种相关研究提供参考。
河北省AEFI监测数据显示，2018—2022年HPV疫苗的AEFI年均报告发生率远低于2018—2020年中国疑似预防接种异常反应监测中的报告水平（19.11/10万剂～54.88/10万剂）[18-20]、2017—2020年中国人乳头瘤病毒疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测中的结果（30.38/10万剂）[21]、2018—2020年广东省人乳头瘤病毒疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析的报告水平（11.07/10万剂）[22]、福建省2020年人乳头瘤病毒疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测的报告水平（10.11/10万剂）[23]。其中，HPV2的AEFI报告发生率远低于英国（100/10万剂）[24]，HPV4的AEFI报告发生率远低于澳大利亚（48.5/10万剂）[25]、西班牙巴伦西亚自治区（47.54/10万剂）[26]。本研究显示，一般反应以发热、局部红肿、硬结等轻中度反应为主，且大多数在短时间内自愈或缓解，且集中于接种后24 h内发生，随着接种时间间隔的延长，AEFI报告例数减少。HPV2和HPV9的一般反应均主要为局部红肿，与刘捷宸等[27]、孙肖瑜等[28]的研究结果不一致，是否与受种者个体差异、接种操作等因素相关有待进一步验证。异常反应中过敏性皮疹报告占比相对较高，这与上海市[27]、杭州市[29]的报道相似，与Harris A等[30]、Villa T等[31]的研究相近；其次为过敏性休克和过敏性紫癜，此类严重过敏反应的报告发生率低于美国（0.13/10万剂）[32]和世界卫生组织（0.17/10万剂）[33]的相关报道。HPV2的异常反应报告发生率低于HPV4和HPV9，这可能与疫苗生产工艺、接种人群报告意愿不同有关。人群分布中，报告的AEFI个案数集中在27～45岁年龄组，可能因为该年龄组女性日常可通过互联网获取健康信息和AEFI相关知识，且有独立的经济来源，从而接种意愿相对更高、报告意愿更强烈。本研究中承德市、衡水市和雄安新区的AEFI报告发生率相对较高，这可能与上述地市对HPV疫苗接种宣传力度大、人群受教育水平高有关。AEFI在各个季度均有报告，第4季度报告的AEFI个案数相对较多，与福建省[23]、温州市[28]的报道一致。AEFI个案主要发生于接种后1 d内，与杭州市[29]、荆州市[34]的报道相近，且所有AEFI个案均已治愈和好转，与周开举等[22]、Schartau S等[35]研究相近。
综上所述，2018—2022年河北省接种HPV疫苗发生地AEFI主要为一般反应，异常反应发生率极低，严重不良反应极少发生，因此，接种的疫苗安全性较好。

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2025年第41卷第4期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1144008
  • 接收时间：2024-01-11
  • 首发时间：2026-10-25
  • 出版时间：2025-04-10
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  • 收稿日期：2024-01-11
  • 修回日期：2024-11-20
  • 录用日期：2025-03-12
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    1华北理工大学公共卫生学院，唐山 063210
    2河北省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划管理所，石家庄 050021

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李琦，E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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