Article(id=1321169957463904717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321169924697993338, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1145294, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1719331200000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-26, revisedDate=1732550400000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-26, acceptedDate=1743436800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-04-01, onlineDate=1792921064009, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1746806400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921064009, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921064009, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921064009, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321169924697993338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='5', pageStart='513', pageEnd='640', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1746806400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921056198, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921056198, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=546, endPage=551, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321169958973854158, articleId=1321169957463904717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidity of central obesity and hyperuricemia in adult residents of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2018: a cross-sectional survey, columnId=1321169943039693150, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Special Report–Healthy Living for Chronic Disease Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of the comorbidity of central obesity and hyperuricemia (HUA) among adult residents in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and to provide evidence for developing prevention and control strategies.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5 076 permanent residents aged ≥18 years in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from July to December 2018. Participants were recruited using stratified multistage cluster sampling across 8 districts, banners, counties, and cities, stratified by population size and geographic location to ensure a representative sample. Data were collected via questionnaires, physical examinations, and serum uric acid tests. The prevalence of comorbid central obesity and HUA was calculated as the proportion of participants diagnosed with both conditions. An unconditional multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the main influencing factors of this comorbidity.

Results

Of the 4731 participants finally included in the analysis, 2 139 (45.2%), 520 (11.0%), and 296 (6.3%) were identified as with central obesity, HUA, and comorbid central obesity and HUA, respectively. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that having sleep problems was a risk factor of comorbid central obesity and HUA, while being female, aged ≥ 40 years, and having rural household registration were protective factors against the comorbidity.

Conclusions

Although the prevalence rate of central obesity with HUA among adult residents in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is relatively low, it still warrants attention. Gender, age, type of registered residence, and sleep problems are identified as the primary influencing factors for central obesity with HUA among local adult residents.

, authors=Lehui LI1, Xingguang ZHANG1, Nan ZHANG1, Tao YAN1, Yonggang QIAN2, Huimin LIU2, authorsList=Lehui LI, Xingguang ZHANG, Nan ZHANG, Tao YAN, Yonggang QIAN, Huimin LIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Huimin LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
LIU Huimin, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321169960152453585, articleId=1321169957463904717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并高尿酸血症患病情况及其影响因素分析, columnId=1321169943232631136, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=专题报道——健康生活方式,预防慢性病, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并高尿酸血症(HUA)的患病情况及其影响因素,为后续制定防控措施提供参考依据。

方法

于2018年7—12月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法在内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市回民区、包头市土默特右旗、赤峰市巴林右旗、通辽市开鲁县、鄂尔多斯市伊金霍洛旗、呼伦贝尔市牙克石市、巴彦淖尔市临河区和锡林郭勒盟苏尼特右旗8个监测点抽取5 076名≥18岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测,分析内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病情况,并应用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析该地区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的主要影响因素。

结果

内蒙古自治区最终纳入分析的4 731名成年居民中,中心型肥胖、HUA和中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病数分别为2 139、520和296例,患病率分别为45.2%、11.0%和6.3%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,有睡眠问题是内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的危险因素,女性、年龄≥40岁和农村户籍是内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的保护因素。

结论

内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病率虽然较低但仍应引起重视,性别、年龄、户籍类型和有无睡眠问题是当地成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的主要影响因素。

, authors=李乐慧1, 张星光1, 张楠1, 闫涛1, 钱永刚2, 刘慧敏2, *, *, authorsList=李乐慧, 张星光, 张楠, 闫涛, 钱永刚, 刘慧敏, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=刘慧敏, authorNote=

李乐慧(1985—),讲师,硕士,研究方向:慢性病流行病学

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刘慧敏,E-mail:
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Number of participants and prevalence of central obesity and hyperuricemia comorbidity among 4 731 residents aged 18 years and above surveyed in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2018), stratified by demographic and lifestyle factors

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特征分类调查人数中心型肥胖合并HUA患病例数中心型肥胖合并HUA患病率/%χ2值P值
性别男性2 10222910.9138.719<0.001
女性2 629672.5
年龄/岁18~39439419.38.3910.039
40~491 010656.4
50~591 435835.8
≥601 8471075.8
文化程度小学及以下2060954.619.134<0.001
初中1 4381007.0
高中698547.7
大专及以上535478.8
婚姻状况未婚6369.52.4910.288
已婚44412806.3
离异/丧偶227104.4
户口类型城镇户口2 5041967.822.380<0.001
农村户口2 2271004.5
是否吸烟否34631905.513.062<0.001
是1 2681068.4
是否饮用高度白酒否40402205.431.023<0.001
是6917611.0
静态行为时间/(h/d)<41 9601176.00.4710.493
≥42 7711796.5
睡眠时间/(h/d)<71 381755.46.4400.040
7~<81 303725.5
≥82 0471497.3
睡眠问题否1 425725.15.0400.025
是3 3062246.8
), ArticleFig(id=1321169968956297734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169957463904717, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

内蒙古自治区不同特征成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病情况比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类调查人数中心型肥胖合并HUA患病例数中心型肥胖合并HUA患病率/%χ2值P值
性别男性2 10222910.9138.719<0.001
女性2 629672.5
年龄/岁18~39439419.38.3910.039
40~491 010656.4
50~591 435835.8
≥601 8471075.8
文化程度小学及以下2060954.619.134<0.001
初中1 4381007.0
高中698547.7
大专及以上535478.8
婚姻状况未婚6369.52.4910.288
已婚44412806.3
离异/丧偶227104.4
户口类型城镇户口2 5041967.822.380<0.001
农村户口2 2271004.5
是否吸烟否34631905.513.062<0.001
是1 2681068.4
是否饮用高度白酒否40402205.431.023<0.001
是6917611.0
静态行为时间/(h/d)<41 9601176.00.4710.493
≥42 7711796.5
睡眠时间/(h/d)<71 381755.46.4400.040
7~<81 303725.5
≥82 0471497.3
睡眠问题否1 425725.15.0400.025
是3 3062246.8
), ArticleFig(id=1321169969082126855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169957463904717, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Associations between gender, age group, household registration, and sleep problems with the co-occurrence of central obesity and hyperuricemia among adult residents in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region: a multivariate logistic regression analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素比较组参照组β $ S_{\overline{x}} $Wald χ2值P值OR值95%CI
性别女性男性−1.6110.157104.647<0.0010.2000.147~0.272
年龄/岁40~4918~39−0.5580.2186.5430.0110.5720.373~0.878
50~59−0.7290.21211.8870.0010.4820.318~0.730
≥60−0.7270.21211.7000.0010.4830.319~0.733
户口类型农村户籍城镇户籍−0.6400.13721.798<0.0010.2000.147~0.272
睡眠问题有无0.4130.1477.9550.0051.5121.134~2.014
), ArticleFig(id=1321169969363145224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169957463904717, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病影响因素多因素非条件logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素比较组参照组β $ S_{\overline{x}} $Wald χ2值P值OR值95%CI
性别女性男性−1.6110.157104.647<0.0010.2000.147~0.272
年龄/岁40~4918~39−0.5580.2186.5430.0110.5720.373~0.878
50~59−0.7290.21211.8870.0010.4820.318~0.730
≥60−0.7270.21211.7000.0010.4830.319~0.733
户口类型农村户籍城镇户籍−0.6400.13721.798<0.0010.2000.147~0.272
睡眠问题有无0.4130.1477.9550.0051.5121.134~2.014
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内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并高尿酸血症患病情况及其影响因素分析
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李乐慧 1 , 张星光 1 , 张楠 1 , 闫涛 1 , 钱永刚 2 , 刘慧敏 2, *, *
中国公共卫生 | 专题报道——健康生活方式,预防慢性病 2025,41(5): 546-551
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中国公共卫生 |专题报道——健康生活方式,预防慢性病 2025 , 41 (5) : 546 -551
内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并高尿酸血症患病情况及其影响因素分析
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李乐慧1, 张星光1, 张楠1, 闫涛1, 钱永刚2, 刘慧敏2, *, *
作者信息
  • 1内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院,呼和浩特 010110
  • 2内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心(内蒙古自治区预防医学科学院),呼和浩特 010031
通讯作者:
刘慧敏,E-mail:
作者简介:

李乐慧(1985—),讲师,硕士,研究方向:慢性病流行病学

Prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidity of central obesity and hyperuricemia in adult residents of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2018: a cross-sectional survey
Lehui LI1, Xingguang ZHANG1, Nan ZHANG1, Tao YAN1, Yonggang QIAN2, Huimin LIU2
Affiliations
  • 1School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
  • 2Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Preventive Medical Science), Hohhot 010031, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    LIU Huimin, E-mail:
出版时间: 2025-05-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1145294
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目的

了解内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并高尿酸血症(HUA)的患病情况及其影响因素,为后续制定防控措施提供参考依据。

方法

于2018年7—12月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法在内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市回民区、包头市土默特右旗、赤峰市巴林右旗、通辽市开鲁县、鄂尔多斯市伊金霍洛旗、呼伦贝尔市牙克石市、巴彦淖尔市临河区和锡林郭勒盟苏尼特右旗8个监测点抽取5 076名≥18岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测,分析内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病情况,并应用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析该地区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的主要影响因素。

结果

内蒙古自治区最终纳入分析的4 731名成年居民中,中心型肥胖、HUA和中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病数分别为2 139、520和296例,患病率分别为45.2%、11.0%和6.3%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,有睡眠问题是内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的危险因素,女性、年龄≥40岁和农村户籍是内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的保护因素。

结论

内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病率虽然较低但仍应引起重视,性别、年龄、户籍类型和有无睡眠问题是当地成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的主要影响因素。

中心型肥胖  /  高尿酸血症(HUA)  /  合并  /  患病情况  /  影响因素  /  成年居民  /  内蒙古自治区
Objective

To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of the comorbidity of central obesity and hyperuricemia (HUA) among adult residents in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and to provide evidence for developing prevention and control strategies.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5 076 permanent residents aged ≥18 years in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from July to December 2018. Participants were recruited using stratified multistage cluster sampling across 8 districts, banners, counties, and cities, stratified by population size and geographic location to ensure a representative sample. Data were collected via questionnaires, physical examinations, and serum uric acid tests. The prevalence of comorbid central obesity and HUA was calculated as the proportion of participants diagnosed with both conditions. An unconditional multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the main influencing factors of this comorbidity.

Results

Of the 4731 participants finally included in the analysis, 2 139 (45.2%), 520 (11.0%), and 296 (6.3%) were identified as with central obesity, HUA, and comorbid central obesity and HUA, respectively. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that having sleep problems was a risk factor of comorbid central obesity and HUA, while being female, aged ≥ 40 years, and having rural household registration were protective factors against the comorbidity.

Conclusions

Although the prevalence rate of central obesity with HUA among adult residents in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is relatively low, it still warrants attention. Gender, age, type of registered residence, and sleep problems are identified as the primary influencing factors for central obesity with HUA among local adult residents.

central obesity  /  hyperuricemia  /  comorbidity  /  prevalence  /  influencing factor  /  adult residents  /  Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
李乐慧, 张星光, 张楠, 闫涛, 钱永刚, 刘慧敏. 内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并高尿酸血症患病情况及其影响因素分析. 中国公共卫生, 2025 , 41 (5) : 546 -551 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1145294
Lehui LI, Xingguang ZHANG, Nan ZHANG, Tao YAN, Yonggang QIAN, Huimin LIU. Prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidity of central obesity and hyperuricemia in adult residents of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2018: a cross-sectional survey[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2025 , 41 (5) : 546 -551 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1145294
高尿酸血症(hyperuricemia, HUA)的特点是血液中尿酸盐浓度异常升高,被认为是痛风发生的先兆[1],其与高血压、慢性肾脏疾病、充血性心力衰竭、代谢综合征、2型糖尿病和心血管疾病患病风险的增加相关[2]。随着人们生活水平的提高和饮食结构的改变,HUA患病率逐年上升[3]。一项全国性调查结果显示[4],中国成年居民HUA总体患病率为13.0%,其中男性居民HUA患病率高达18.5%,女性居民HUA患病率为8.0%,HUA已成为影响我国国民健康的重大公共卫生问题。肥胖是全球健康的一个重大挑战,据报道有19亿成年人超重或肥胖[5],且这一数字还在继续上升。研究表明肥胖可伴随或并发HUA[6],美国的一项研究显示超重/肥胖与HUA和痛风患病的风险增加均存在相关性[7],体重被认为是血清尿酸盐水平的关键决定因素[5]。一项meta分析结果显示,接受减肥手术后3个月及术后3年者血清尿酸盐水平持续下降[8]。还有研究表明,肥胖,尤其是内脏脂肪增加的中心型肥胖(腹型肥胖)与HUA密切相关,减少腰围有利于预防HUA的发生[9]。为了解内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病情况及其影响因素,为后续开展防控措施提供参考依据,本研究于2018年7—12月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法在内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市回民区、包头市土默特右旗、赤峰市巴林右旗、通辽市开鲁县、鄂尔多斯市伊金霍洛旗、呼伦贝尔市牙克石市、巴彦淖尔市临河区和锡林郭勒盟苏尼特右旗8个监测点抽取5 076名≥18岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测,分析内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病情况,并应用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析该地区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的主要影响因素。结果报告如下。
于2018年7—12月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,首先在内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市回民区、包头市土默特右旗、赤峰市巴林右旗、通辽市开鲁县、鄂尔多斯市伊金霍洛旗、呼伦贝尔市牙克石市、巴彦淖尔市临河区和锡林郭勒盟苏尼特右旗8个监测点(县/区)采用人口规模排序的系统抽样法在每个监测点分别随机抽取3个乡镇(街道、团)作为样本乡镇(街道、团);其次采用人口规模排序的系统抽样法在每个样本乡镇(街道、团)分别随机抽取2个行政村(居委会、连)作为样本行政村(居委会、连);再次采用简单随机抽样法在每个样本行政村(居委会、连)分别随机抽取1个≥60户村民/居民的村民/居民小组作为样本村民/居民小组;然后采用简单随机抽样法在每个样本村民/居民小组分别抽取45户村民/居民作为调查户;最后整群抽取调查户中所有≥18岁且在当地居住≥6个月的常住居民作为调查对象进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测,孕妇、认知障碍和严重疾病或残障者等可能影响调查的居民不纳入研究。本研究经中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会审查批准(批号:201819),且所有调查对象均签署了知情同意书。本次调查应调查5 076人,实际有效调查4 731人,有效应答率为93.20%。
(1)问卷调查:采用中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心设计的调查问卷,由经过统一培训且考核合格的调查员对所有调查对象进行面访调查,内容包括性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、户口类型、是否吸烟、是否饮用高度白酒、静态行为时间、睡眠时间和有无睡眠问题等。其中,吸烟指调查时吸烟,包括每天吸烟和不是每天吸烟[10];饮用高度白酒指在过去12个月内曾饮用过≥42度的白酒[11];本研究中静态行为时间指一天内坐着、靠着或躺着的累计时间(包括坐着工作、学习、阅读、看电视、用电脑、休息等所有静态行为的时间,但不包括睡觉时间);本研究中睡眠时间指一天内睡眠的累计时间(包括午睡时间);本研究中睡眠问题包括打鼾或窒息、憋气、入睡困难(入睡时间≥30 min)、中间觉醒≥2次、有≥1d服用安眠药(西药或中药)以帮助睡眠及早醒,并难以重新入睡。(2)体格检查:由经过统一培训的体检人员进行腰围的测量,测量在清晨空腹状态下进行,以腋中线肋弓下缘和髂嵴连线中点的水平位置为腰围测量点,具体数值精确到 0.1 cm,重复测2次取平均值,男性腰围≥90 cm、女性腰围≥85 cm定义为中心型肥胖[6]。(3)实验室检测:由各监测点通过国家项目工作组质量考核合格并具有资质的实验室采用尿酸酶过氧化物酶法测定血尿酸,血清尿酸水平>420 μmol/L定义为HUA[12]。
应用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行一般描述性分析、χ2检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析,检验水准α=0.05(双侧)。
内蒙古自治区最终纳入分析的4 731名成年居民中,男性2 102人(44.4%),女性2 629人(55.6%);年龄18~39岁439人(9.3%),40~49岁1 010人(21.3%),50~59岁1 435人(30.3%),≥60岁1 847人(39.1%);文化程度小学及以下2 060人(43.5%),初中1 438人(30.4%),高中698人(14.8%),大专及以上535人(11.3%);婚姻状况未婚63人(1.3%),已婚4 441人(93.9%),离异/丧偶227人(4.8%);城镇户籍2 504人(52.9%),农村户籍2 227人(47.1%);不吸烟3 463人(73.2%),吸烟1 268人(26.8%);不饮高度白酒4 040人(85.4%),饮高度白酒691人(14.6%);静态行为时间<4 h/d 1960人(41.4%),≥4 h/d 2771人(58.6%);睡眠时间<7 h/d 1 381人(29.2%),7~<8 h/d 1303人(27.5%),≥8 h/d 2 047人(43.3%);无睡眠问题1 425人(30.1%),有睡眠问题3 306人(69.9%)。
内蒙古自治区最终纳入分析的4 731名成年居民中,患中心型肥胖者2 139例,患病率为45.2%;患HUA者520例,患病率为11.0%;患中心型肥胖合并HUA者296例,患病率为6.3%。内蒙古自治区不同特征成年居民比较,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、户籍类型、睡眠时间及是否吸烟、是否饮用高度白酒、有无睡眠问题成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病情况不同,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。
以内蒙古自治区成年居民是否中心型肥胖合并HUA患病为因变量(0=否,1=是),以性别、年龄、文化程度、户口类型、是否吸烟、是否饮用高度白酒、睡眠时间和有无睡眠问题共8个因素为自变量进行多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果显示,有睡眠问题是内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的危险因素,女性、年龄≥40岁和农村户籍是内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的保护因素。
本次调查结果显示,2018年内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖的患病率为45.2%,高于2020年四川省泸州市≥18岁体检人群中心型肥胖患病率的26.97%[13]和中国2018年15个省(自治区、直辖市)18~35岁成人中心型肥胖患病率的26.04%[14],提示内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖患病率较高。有研究表明,与一般肥胖相比,中心型肥胖与胰岛素抵抗、糖尿病和心血管疾病的相关性更强[15],因此需要尽快采取相应的政策和干预措施对中心型肥胖进行防控和早期筛查,包括营养健康教育、倡导居民合理膳食、增强运动等,以降低居民中心型肥胖的发生风险。
本次调查结果显示,2018年内蒙古自治区成年居民HUA的患病率为9.8%,低于2018年中国成年居民HUA平均患病率的14.0%[16]、 2020年湖北省成年人HUA患病率的11.10%[2]、2015年福建省成年居民 HUA 患病率的24.98%[17]和 2019 年江苏省扬州地区体检人群HUA 患病率的18.70%[18],但高于2018 年重庆市长寿区 30~79 岁居民HUA 患病率的10.36%[19]和2018 年河北省成年居民 HUA 患病率的 6.90%[20],提示内蒙古自治区成年居民HUA患病率相对较低。研究表明,多种因素均可影响血尿酸的水平,如性别、年龄、种族、遗传、饮食习惯、药物和环境等[21]。此外,食物中的嘌呤含量和种类对尿酸水平亦有很大影响[22],如海鲜、内脏肉、酒精摄入和被用作饮料中甜味剂的果糖也是尿酸的重要来源[23]。还有研究表明,内蒙古自治区成年居民HUA的发生可能与内蒙古饮食文化的地域特征有关,其在饮食结构上以肉类和奶类为主,常食熏肉,大量饮酒,吸烟率高[24],从而摄入较高的嘌呤。因此,需要倡导人们通过改变饮食结构,如控制果糖摄入、酒精和海鲜等高嘌呤食物的摄入等方式降低其尿酸水平。
本次调查结果还显示,2018年内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病率为6.3%,与上海市某社区老年人进行的一项研究中发现的HUA组老年人腰围水平和中心型肥胖患病率明显高于非HUA组老年人[25]的结果一致。有研究表明HUA是中心型肥胖的危险因素[26],还有研究表明内脏脂肪面积与HUA水平显著相关[27]。国内的一项调查结果显示,血尿酸与内脏脂肪组织质量相关,在控制了可能混杂因素后的多因素logistic回归分析发现过多的内脏脂肪组织质量可以显著增加多囊卵巢综合征患者HUA的患病风险,这意味着内脏肥胖对尿酸水平有着潜在的不利影响[28]。日本的一项横断面研究亦发现,中心型肥胖,特别是在体重正常的中心型肥胖者中,男性和女性均表现出与HUA患病的相关性[29]。中心型肥胖与HUA共病的原因可能是:(1)血尿酸的排泄高度依赖于肾脏的排泄[30],而肥胖能导致葡萄糖浓度和血压升高,这是肾功能的风险因素,从而导致肾脏对尿酸的排泄减少[31–32];(2)中心型肥胖者体内过量的游离脂肪酸可促进极低密度脂蛋白和核糖–5–磷酸合成磷酸核糖焦磷酸,从而导致尿酸的过度产生[33];(3)较高的血尿酸水平会诱导腹部肥胖,腹部脂肪堆积可导致体重增加,进而导致体质指数的增加[34],而较高的体质指数则会增加肾损害的风险,从而导致尿酸清除率降低[35–36]。在本次调查中发现,内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病率随着年龄的增长而降低,且男性居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病率高于女性居民,这可能与随着年龄的增大,肾脏排出的尿酸盐减少,以及男性在青春期体重大幅增加,导致了尿酸水平的升高有关。
本研究多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果还显示,农村户籍是内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的保护因素,这可能是因为城镇户籍居民较农村户籍居民的体力活动较少、谷物消费量较少,但动物性食品、油炸食品和快餐等富含嘌呤的食品摄入量却明显增加,尤其是果糖和海产品等高嘌呤食物摄入量更多。目前睡眠已被发现与心血管疾病、内分泌系统疾病、免疫系统疾病和精神疾病等密切相关,是影响机体正常生理活动的重要因素之一[37]。本研究多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,睡眠问题是内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的危险因素,与赖晓英[38]研究中发现睡眠效率低的人群患慢性肾病风险增加的结果一致,这可能是因为睡眠问题导致了睡眠效率的降低,从而影响肾脏对尿酸的排泄有关。此外,部分睡眠问题可导致睡眠剥夺[39],而睡眠剥夺可能会激活蛋白水解途径[40],导致嘌呤和尿酸的产生,使中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病风险增加,因此需要对成年居民的睡眠卫生问题加以重视。
综上所述,内蒙古自治区成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病率虽然较低但仍应引起重视,性别、年龄、户籍类型和有无睡眠问题是当地成年居民中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的主要影响因素。建议当地医疗卫生部门重视中心型肥胖和HUA的防治,提高居民的健康意识,针对低年龄、男性、城镇户籍和有睡眠问题的重点人群开展干预措施以降低其中心型肥胖合并HUA的患病风险。由于本研究为横断面调查,无法对中心型肥胖合并HUA患病影响因素的关联进行因果推断,且本研究未纳入饮食和用药情况的相关数据,不能排除HUA部分由饮食摄入或药物引起的可能性。因此,今后可将饮食和用药情况纳入分析并开展队列研究进一步分析中心型肥胖合并HUA患病的影响因素。

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2025年第41卷第5期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1145294
  • 接收时间:2024-06-26
  • 首发时间:2026-10-25
  • 出版时间:2025-05-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-26
  • 修回日期:2024-11-26
  • 录用日期:2025-04-01
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    1内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院,呼和浩特 010110
    2内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心(内蒙古自治区预防医学科学院),呼和浩特 010031

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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