Article(id=1321169865394729665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321169839390053177, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1146016, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1730304000000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-31, revisedDate=1731945600000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-19, acceptedDate=1744387200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-04-12, onlineDate=1792921042059, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1749484800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921042059, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921042059, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921042059, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321169839390053177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='6', pageStart='641', pageEnd='768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1749484800000', pubDateStr='2025-06-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921035859, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921035859, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=681, endPage=685, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321169866187453122, articleId=1321169865394729665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Association between digital literacy and mental health among older adults in Heilongjiang province: a cross-sectional study of the mediating role of digital health literacy, columnId=1321169853617132462, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Special Report – Promoting Older Adult Health Knowledge and Enhancing Health Literacy, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the digital literacy, digital health literacy, and mental health status of the elderly in Heilongjiang province, and to explore the relationships among these three factors, thereby providing a reference for improving the mental health of this population.

Methods

A face-to-face interview was conducted among 800 residents aged ≥ 60 years, recruited using stratified cluster sampling in two cities of Heilongjiang province in August 2024. A self-developed questionnaire on demographics, digital literacy, and digital health literacy, along with the simplified version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the six-item UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), was used in the survey. AMOS 28 software was used to analyze the relationships among the three, and the bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect.

Results

Valid information was collected from all participants. Participants′ total scores and scoring indices were as follows: digital literacy (15.30 ± 14.23, 31.9%), digital health literacy (30.60 ± 16.56, 40.8%), and mental health (55.59 ± 11.96, 84.2%). Digital literacy positively predicted digital health literacy (standardized beta = 1.021, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.006 - 1.034), and digital health literacy positively predicted mental health (standardized beta = 0.601, 95%CI: 0.014 - 2.526). The mediating effect of digital health literacy on the relationship between digital literacy and mental health was significant (standardized beta = 0.613, 95%CI: 0.013 - 2.522).

Conclusions

The digital literacy and digital health literacy of the elderly in Heilongjiang province are relatively low. Digital health literacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between digital literacy and mental health. Improving the digital literacy of the elderly is of great importance in promoting their digital health behaviors and mental health.

, authors=Zeyu YAN, Zixuan LIU, Yue MA, Ziyu WANG, Kai ZHENG, Qiaoqiao REN, Yanhua HAO, authorsList=Zeyu YAN, Zixuan LIU, Yue MA, Ziyu WANG, Kai ZHENG, Qiaoqiao REN, Yanhua HAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yanhua HAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
HAO Yanhua, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321169868741784263, articleId=1321169865394729665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=老年人数字素养与心理健康关系及数字健康素养的中介作用, columnId=1321169854040757168, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=专题报道——宣传普及老年健康知识,提高老年人健康素养, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解黑龙江省老年人数字素养、数字健康素养、心理健康现状及三者之间的关系,为提高老年人在数字社会的心理健康水平、促进健康老龄化目标实现提供参考依据。

方法

于2024年8月采取分层整群抽样方法在黑龙江省佳木斯市、大庆市抽取800名年龄≥60岁的老年人进行问卷调查,测量老年人数字素养、数字健康素养、心理健康水平及得分指标,利用AMOS28软件分析三者关系,bootstrap法检验中介效应。

结果

黑龙江省老年人数字素养总分和得分指标分别为(15.30±14.23)分和31.9%,数字健康素养总分和得分指标分别为(30.60±16.56)分和40.8%,心理健康总分和得分指标分别为(55.59±11.96)分和84.2%;老年人数字素养正向预测数字健康素养(标准化β值=1.021),老年人数字健康素养正向预测心理健康(标准化β值=0.601),老年人数字健康素养在数字素养与心理健康关系间的中介效应显著(标准化β值=0.613),95%CI分别为1.006~1.034、0.014~2.526、0.013~2.522。

结论

黑龙江省老年人数字素养及数字健康素养较低;数字健康素养在数字素养与心理健康之间的关系中发挥中介作用,提升老年人的数字素养,对于促进其数字健康行为和心理健康具有重要意义。

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闫泽煜(1999—),硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学

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郝艳华,E-mail:
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闫泽煜(1999—),硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学

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Toward a theory of role accumulation[J]. American Sociological Review, 1974, 39(4): 567-578, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169869261877960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169865394729665, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169869517730505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169865394729665, companyId=1321169869261877960, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169869547090634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169865394729665, companyId=1321169869261877960, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院,哈尔滨 150081)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1321169873791726335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169865394729665, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Path plot of standardized coefficients for the association between digital literacy and mental health, mediated by digital health literacy (statistically insignificant dashed lines), figureFileSmall=dKdKnQpWzbkmFn5QV88l8Q==, figureFileBig=me//CKgi4QryF5jKHMR/fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321169873863029504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169865394729665, language=CN, label=图1, caption=数字健康素养在数字素养与心理健康中的中介模型

注:图中路径系数均为标准化系数,虚线代表P>0.05。

, figureFileSmall=dKdKnQpWzbkmFn5QV88l8Q==, figureFileBig=me//CKgi4QryF5jKHMR/fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321169874064356097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169865394729665, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Total and factor scores and scoring indices of digital literacy, digital health literacy, and mental health among 800 residents aged 60 and older in Heilongjiang province

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 $ \overline{x}\pm s $/分得分指标/%
数字素养15.30±14.2331.9
 数字认知(DL1)5.70±4.4847.5
 数字操作技能(DL2)4.14±4.5527.6
 数字信息能力(DL3)5.47±6.4826.0
数字健康素养30.60±16.5640.8
 数字健康信息获取和评估能力(DHL1)20.52±11.9245.6
 数字健康信息应用能力(DHL2)5.06±2.9333.7
 数字健康信息互动能力(DHL3)5.02±3.2333.5
心理健康55.59±11.9684.2
 抑郁(MH1)23.66±5.6778.9
 孤独(MH2)14.93±3.4982.9
 生活满意度(MH3)12.10±3.3080.7
 主观幸福感(MH4)2.40±0.6880.0
), ArticleFig(id=1321169874131464962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169865394729665, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

黑龙江省老年人数字素养、数字健康素养、心理健康得分情况(n=800)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 $ \overline{x}\pm s $/分得分指标/%
数字素养15.30±14.2331.9
 数字认知(DL1)5.70±4.4847.5
 数字操作技能(DL2)4.14±4.5527.6
 数字信息能力(DL3)5.47±6.4826.0
数字健康素养30.60±16.5640.8
 数字健康信息获取和评估能力(DHL1)20.52±11.9245.6
 数字健康信息应用能力(DHL2)5.06±2.9333.7
 数字健康信息互动能力(DHL3)5.02±3.2333.5
心理健康55.59±11.9684.2
 抑郁(MH1)23.66±5.6778.9
 孤独(MH2)14.93±3.4982.9
 生活满意度(MH3)12.10±3.3080.7
 主观幸福感(MH4)2.40±0.6880.0
), ArticleFig(id=1321169874194379523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169865394729665, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Correlation matrix of digital literacy, digital health literacy, and mental health factor scores among residents aged ≥ 60 in Heilongjiang province

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DL1DL2DL3DHL1DHL2DHL3MH1MH2MH3MH4
DL11
DL20.702 a1
DL30.730 a0.825 a1
DHL10.758 a0.746 a0.883 a1
DHL20.498 a0.739 a0.704 a0.614 a1
DHL30.554 a0.717 a0.853 a0.731 a0.735 a1
MH10.248 a0.149 a0.132 a0.162 a0.072 c0.077 c1
MH20.188 a0.128 a0.077 c0.103 b0.076 c0.0140.672 a1
MH30.216 a0.148 a0.115 b0.147 a0.096 b0.0350.703 a0.589 a1
MH40.216 a0.154 a0.126 a0.170 a0.096 b0.0470.549 a0.478 a0.672 a1
), ArticleFig(id=1321169874278265604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169865394729665, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

数字素养、数字健康素养、心理健康各维度得分的相关分析矩阵

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
DL1DL2DL3DHL1DHL2DHL3MH1MH2MH3MH4
DL11
DL20.702 a1
DL30.730 a0.825 a1
DHL10.758 a0.746 a0.883 a1
DHL20.498 a0.739 a0.704 a0.614 a1
DHL30.554 a0.717 a0.853 a0.731 a0.735 a1
MH10.248 a0.149 a0.132 a0.162 a0.072 c0.077 c1
MH20.188 a0.128 a0.077 c0.103 b0.076 c0.0140.672 a1
MH30.216 a0.148 a0.115 b0.147 a0.096 b0.0350.703 a0.589 a1
MH40.216 a0.154 a0.126 a0.170 a0.096 b0.0470.549 a0.478 a0.672 a1
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Pathways and coefficients (crude/standardized, 95% confidence intervals) between digital literacy, digital health literacy, and mental health

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作用效应路径β值95%CI标准化β值95%CI
总效应(c)0.1290.071~0.1850.1710.097~0.240
数字素养→数字健康素养(a)1.7241.660~1.7931.0211.006~1.034
数字健康素养→心理健康(b)0.2670.006~1.1210.6010.014~2.526
数字素养→心理健康(c')– 0.332– 1.751~0.111– 0.442– 2.367~0.147
数字素养→数字健康素养→心理健康(ab)0.4610.008~1.8600.6130.013~2.522
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中介模型的作用效应

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作用效应路径β值95%CI标准化β值95%CI
总效应(c)0.1290.071~0.1850.1710.097~0.240
数字素养→数字健康素养(a)1.7241.660~1.7931.0211.006~1.034
数字健康素养→心理健康(b)0.2670.006~1.1210.6010.014~2.526
数字素养→心理健康(c')– 0.332– 1.751~0.111– 0.442– 2.367~0.147
数字素养→数字健康素养→心理健康(ab)0.4610.008~1.8600.6130.013~2.522
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老年人数字素养与心理健康关系及数字健康素养的中介作用
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闫泽煜 , 刘子轩 , 马悦 , 王子予 , 郑凯 , 任侨侨 , 郝艳华 *, *
中国公共卫生 | 专题报道——宣传普及老年健康知识,提高老年人健康素养 2025,41(6): 681-685
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中国公共卫生 |专题报道——宣传普及老年健康知识,提高老年人健康素养 2025 , 41 (6) : 681 -685
老年人数字素养与心理健康关系及数字健康素养的中介作用
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闫泽煜, 刘子轩, 马悦, 王子予, 郑凯, 任侨侨, 郝艳华*, *
作者信息
  • 哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院,哈尔滨 150081
通讯作者:
郝艳华,E-mail:
作者简介:

闫泽煜(1999—),硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学

Association between digital literacy and mental health among older adults in Heilongjiang province: a cross-sectional study of the mediating role of digital health literacy
Zeyu YAN, Zixuan LIU, Yue MA, Ziyu WANG, Kai ZHENG, Qiaoqiao REN, Yanhua HAO
Affiliations
  • School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    HAO Yanhua, E-mail:
出版时间: 2025-06-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146016
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目的

了解黑龙江省老年人数字素养、数字健康素养、心理健康现状及三者之间的关系,为提高老年人在数字社会的心理健康水平、促进健康老龄化目标实现提供参考依据。

方法

于2024年8月采取分层整群抽样方法在黑龙江省佳木斯市、大庆市抽取800名年龄≥60岁的老年人进行问卷调查,测量老年人数字素养、数字健康素养、心理健康水平及得分指标,利用AMOS28软件分析三者关系,bootstrap法检验中介效应。

结果

黑龙江省老年人数字素养总分和得分指标分别为(15.30±14.23)分和31.9%,数字健康素养总分和得分指标分别为(30.60±16.56)分和40.8%,心理健康总分和得分指标分别为(55.59±11.96)分和84.2%;老年人数字素养正向预测数字健康素养(标准化β值=1.021),老年人数字健康素养正向预测心理健康(标准化β值=0.601),老年人数字健康素养在数字素养与心理健康关系间的中介效应显著(标准化β值=0.613),95%CI分别为1.006~1.034、0.014~2.526、0.013~2.522。

结论

黑龙江省老年人数字素养及数字健康素养较低;数字健康素养在数字素养与心理健康之间的关系中发挥中介作用,提升老年人的数字素养,对于促进其数字健康行为和心理健康具有重要意义。

数字素养  /  数字健康素养  /  心理健康  /  老年人  /  中介效应  /  黑龙江省
Objective

To investigate the digital literacy, digital health literacy, and mental health status of the elderly in Heilongjiang province, and to explore the relationships among these three factors, thereby providing a reference for improving the mental health of this population.

Methods

A face-to-face interview was conducted among 800 residents aged ≥ 60 years, recruited using stratified cluster sampling in two cities of Heilongjiang province in August 2024. A self-developed questionnaire on demographics, digital literacy, and digital health literacy, along with the simplified version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the six-item UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), was used in the survey. AMOS 28 software was used to analyze the relationships among the three, and the bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect.

Results

Valid information was collected from all participants. Participants′ total scores and scoring indices were as follows: digital literacy (15.30 ± 14.23, 31.9%), digital health literacy (30.60 ± 16.56, 40.8%), and mental health (55.59 ± 11.96, 84.2%). Digital literacy positively predicted digital health literacy (standardized beta = 1.021, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.006 - 1.034), and digital health literacy positively predicted mental health (standardized beta = 0.601, 95%CI: 0.014 - 2.526). The mediating effect of digital health literacy on the relationship between digital literacy and mental health was significant (standardized beta = 0.613, 95%CI: 0.013 - 2.522).

Conclusions

The digital literacy and digital health literacy of the elderly in Heilongjiang province are relatively low. Digital health literacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between digital literacy and mental health. Improving the digital literacy of the elderly is of great importance in promoting their digital health behaviors and mental health.

digital literacy  /  digital health literacy  /  mental health  /  older adults  /  mediating effect  /  Heilongjiang province
闫泽煜, 刘子轩, 马悦, 王子予, 郑凯, 任侨侨, 郝艳华. 老年人数字素养与心理健康关系及数字健康素养的中介作用. 中国公共卫生, 2025 , 41 (6) : 681 -685 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146016
Zeyu YAN, Zixuan LIU, Yue MA, Ziyu WANG, Kai ZHENG, Qiaoqiao REN, Yanhua HAO. Association between digital literacy and mental health among older adults in Heilongjiang province: a cross-sectional study of the mediating role of digital health literacy[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2025 , 41 (6) : 681 -685 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146016
数字素养是在生活、休闲和社会参与中,对数字技术具有合理认知并能够合理安全使用基于数字技术的设备工具,获取、管理、理解、整合、交流、评估和创造信息,以保障生活需求,享受社会发展便利,顺利融入社会的综合能力;数字健康素养是数字素养在健康方面的拓展,是数字素养与健康素养的融合,指运用数字技术搜索、选择、评估、应用在线健康信息,并与医生或服务机构在线互动的能力[1]。在当前社会老龄化的背景下,数字参与已成为一个显著特征,数字技术也被视为实现健康老龄化的关键工具。然而,受到个人条件限制、数字产品设计不足以及社会对老年群体的“污名化”等多重因素的影响[2–3],老年人的数字素养普遍较低,难以充分利用数字健康资源,反而使得数字技术成为其融入社会、享受现代健康生活的障碍。这种状况不仅加剧了老年群体的健康不平等,还可能引发老年人对现代科技的焦虑、恐惧、排斥甚至回避行为[4]。因此,提高老年人的数字素养、数字健康素养至关重要,这是数字时代实现积极老龄化、智能老龄化和健康老龄化的重要途径。已有研究表明数字素养、数字健康素养会对老年人心理健康产生影响[5–8],但数字素养对心理健康的作用路径尚不清楚。为了解黑龙江省老年人数字素养、数字健康素养及心理健康现状,探究三者之间的关系,为提高老年人在数字社会的心理健康水平、促进健康老龄化目标实现提供参考依据,本研究于2024年8月采取分层整群抽样方法在黑龙江省佳木斯、大庆市共抽取800名年龄≥60岁的老年人进行问卷调查并测量老年人数字素养、数字健康素养及心理健康水平,分析三者之间的作用路径,结果报告如下:
以黑龙江省佳木斯市、大庆市的城乡老年人为研究对象。运用分层整群抽样方法选取两城市中具有代表性的典型区县(其中选取佳木斯市郊区、大庆市让胡路区作为调查地点,两区既有城市社区又有农村社区),根据经济水平和人口比例分层,在每个分层各随机抽取1~2个社区中心/行政村作为样本社区/行政村,通过社区负责人召集社区内年龄≥60岁听力和视力良好且可正常沟通并独立完成问卷调查的老年人至社区中心进行面访调查。本研究经哈尔滨医科大学伦理审查委员会审查批准(伦理审批号为HMUIRB2024020PRE),且所有调查对象均签署了知情同意书。样本量计算公式为N=Zα2P(1–P)/δ²,其中Zα=1.96,可容许误差δ为0.05,以《我国老年人的心理健康现状》蓝皮书报告的老年人抑郁状态检出率31.2%作为参考[9],P=0.31,估算每个城市样本量为328人。本次调查共发放调查问卷800份,回收有效问卷800份,问卷有效回收率为100%(其中佳木斯市400份,大庆市400份)。其中男性299人,女性501人;农村315人,城市485人。
采用自行设计的调查问卷,由经过统一培训的调查员进行面访调查。调查问卷共有4部分,第1部分为基本信息,包括年龄、性别、受教育水平、居住地、婚姻状况、月收入水平等;第2部分为课题组自行设计的老年人数字素养量表,共3个维度16个条目,该量表采用Likert四分法,每个条目以0~3分计分,0、1、2和3分分别代表不符合、较不符合、较符合和符合,量表总分范围为0~48分,得分越高表示数字素养越高;课题组已对该量表进行了信效度检验,主成分分析共提取出3个特征值>1的成分,根据旋转后的成分矩阵对量表进行了验证性因子分析(confirmatory factor analysis,CFA),结果中比较拟合指数(comparative fit index,CFI,可以用来衡量模型与原始数据的一致性)=0.921,拟合优度指数(goodness of fit index,GFI,用于衡量模型对实际数据的拟合效果)=0.888,调整后拟合优度指数(adjusted goodness of fit index,AGFI,表示用模型自由度和参数数目调整过的拟合优度指数)=0.850,模型拟合较好,本次调查总量表的Cronbach′s α=0.953;第3部分为刘思奇等人[10]开发的社区老年人数字健康素养量表,共3个维度15个条目,每个条目以1~5分计分,得分范围为15~75分,得分越高表示数字健康素养越高,本次调查该量表Cronbach′s α=0.954;第4部分为心理健康,包括抑郁、孤独感、生活满意度与主观幸福感,抑郁程度采用精简版流调中心抑郁量表[11](共10个条目)测量,本次调查该量表Cronbach′s α=0.844,孤独程度通过ULS-6孤独感量表(共6个条目)[12]测量,本次调查该量表Cronbach′s α=0.807,通过生活满意度量表(SWLS,共5个条目)[13]测量生活满意度,本次调查该量表Cronbach′s α=0.938;主观幸福感通过问题“您对目前生活感到的幸福程度”测量;心理健康部分所有条目采用0~3分计分,消极性条目采取反向计分,将抑郁、孤独、生活满意度、主观幸福感条目整合、得分加总为心理健康,得分范围为0~66分,得分越高,表示心理健康越良好。
通过Excel 2021建立数据库,应用SPSS 26.0进行一般描述性分析、Pearson相关分析;应用AMOS 28软件进行中介模型构建,利用bootstrap方法进行中介效应分析[14];计算量表及各维度得分指标=(该维度的实际得分/该维度的可能最高得分)×100%,用以排除条目数的干扰并比较不同维度间的得分情况和占比情况。检验水准为双侧检验α=0.05。
本次调查的老年人数字素养、数字健康素养、心理健康得分分别为(15.30±14.23)、(30.60±16.56)、(55.59±11.96)分,老年人数字素养和数字健康素养得分较低(得分指标=31.9%、40.8%),其中数字信息能力和数字健康信息互动能力维度量表内得分最低(得分指标=26.0%、33.5%),心理健康部分得分较高(得分指标=84.2%)。
Pearson相关分析得出,除数字健康信息互动能力与孤独、生活满意度、主观幸福感之间的相关无统计学意义外,其余各维度之间均呈正相关。
构建数字健康素养在数字素养对心理健康作用的中介模型(χ2=534.458,P<0.001),该模型CFI=0.921,GFI=0.885,AGFI=0.802(GFI与AGFI>0.8即可接受),各测量模型因子载荷量均>0.7。首先,模型总效应显著(标准化β值=0.171,95%CI为0.097~0.240),按中介效应立论,其次检验路径a(标准化β值=1.021,95%CI为1.006~1.034)与路径b(标准化β值=0.601,95%CI为0.014~2.526)作用效果都均著,进而利用AMOS 28软件对路径ab做5000次再抽样bootstrap检验,作用效果显著(标准化β值=0.613,95%CI为0.013~2.522),最后检验路径c′,效应不显著(标准化β值= –0.442,95%CI为–2.367~0.147),即数字素养对心理健康的直接效应不显著,数字素养通过数字健康素养对心理健康的间接效应显著,数字健康素养在数字素养对心理健康的作用路径中起中介作用。
本次调查结果表明,黑龙江省佳木斯、大庆两市老年人数字素养、数字健康素养得分指数均未达到50%,表明黑龙江老年人数字素养、数字健康素养较低,这与现有研究结论相同[2,15–17]。刘思奇[8]使用相同的数字健康量表测得重庆市社区老年人数字健康素养总分为(37.10±18.65)分,高于本次研究中老年人数字健康素养得分(30.60±16.56)分,可能是由于重庆市经济发展水平及数字化水平高于黑龙江省,其老年人接触数字设备的机会更多,更易产生数字健康行为,数字健康素养相对更高;本次调查中老年人心理健康得分指标为84.2%,其心理健康状况较好,可能是随着年龄的增大,绝大多数老年人活动半径变小,社区成为老年人主要的活动区域,社区环境、社区公共服务提供对老年人心理健康的影响变得尤为重要[18]。本次调查的社区基本都配有供老年人休闲娱乐的活动场所和组织,如社区活动中心(包含棋牌室、乒乓球室、舞蹈排练室等设施)、秧歌队、老年合唱团等。有研究发现,完善的社区服务设施、和谐的社区文化有利于提高老年人的社会参与,在社区活动的参与中,使其感受到情感上的亲近、与组织成员的互动也能使其感受到归属感、通过承担相应角色使老年人感受到意义感和目标感,进而促进其心理健康[19–20]。
本次调查结果还显示,老年人数字素养水平正向预测数字健康素养水平(标准化β值=1.021,95%CI=1.006~1.034),老年人数字健康素养正向预测心理健康(标准化β值=0.601,95%CI=0.014~2.526),数字健康素养在数字素养与心理健康关系中发挥中介作用(标准化β值=0.613,95%CI=0.013~2.522),因此可以认为数字素养是建立数字健康素养的先决条件,对于老年人而言,具备数字素养是获取、评估、解读和应用数字健康信息,以及利用数字健康产品参与健康管理等数字健康行为的基础,进而通过这些行为对老年人的身心健康产生显著影响。具体的作用机制可能包括两个方面:首先,具备数字素养的老年人可以直接通过利用网络健康信息资源和线上问诊服务来缓解负面情绪、解决心理问题,这种利用数字技术进行自我健康管理的方式,不仅能够提供即时的健康信息和专业建议,还能够为老年人提供一个私密且便捷的心理健康支持平台。其次老年人对健康科技产品的熟练使用以及通过分享健康资源进行社会互动是其展示独立性和自我效能感的重要途径,在此过程中老年人能够不断获得积极的情绪体验和增强主观能动性,这种正向反馈机制进一步激励老年人更加积极、主动地参与社会活动和社交互动,从而减轻他们对科技的焦虑感和社交健康焦虑,进而促进其心理健康[4]。
综上所述,黑龙江省老年人数字素养及数字健康素养较低;数字健康素养在数字素养与心理健康之间的关系中发挥中介作用,数字素养为老年人提供了获取和应用数字健康信息的条件,通过数字健康行为,进而对其心理健康产生积极影响。因此,提升老年人的数字素养,对于促进其数字健康行为和心理健康具有重要意义。

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2025年第41卷第6期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146016
  • 接收时间:2024-10-31
  • 首发时间:2026-10-25
  • 出版时间:2025-06-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-31
  • 修回日期:2024-11-19
  • 录用日期:2025-04-12
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    哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院,哈尔滨 150081

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小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
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