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Article(id=1321169816799527856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321169735128043598, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1144631, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1712505600000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-08, revisedDate=1733241600000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-04, acceptedDate=1744905600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-04-18, onlineDate=1792921030473, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1752076800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921030473, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921030473, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921030473, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321169735128043598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='7', pageStart='769', pageEnd='896', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1752076800000', pubDateStr='2025-07-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921011000, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921011000, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=853, endPage=858, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321169818494026673, articleId=1321169816799527856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=An effectiveness evaluation of digital empowerment of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in Zhejiang province, columnId=1320427686514770171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Survey and Report, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To ensure a smooth transition to the "Class B management" protocol for the novel coronavirus infection (referred to as "COVID-19") epidemic, the Zhejiang province Data Bureau and the Provincial Health Commission jointly led multiple departments to establish and launch the integrated application platform for "Class B management" of COVID-19 infection in February 2023. This platform employs both automated system and manual data collection methods for relevant epidemic-related data, integrating multiple information systems. It provides functional displays for seven key areas: epidemic surveillance, medical treatment and support, medical supplies, vaccination, key institutions, key regions (rural areas), and key populations. A preliminary intelligent multi-point trigger warning mechanism has been established, providing a comprehensive, multi-perspective overview of epidemic prevention and control progress. This platform has provided strong support for epidemic situation assessment, monitoring, early warning, and resource allocation in Zhejiang province. This article focuses on the platform's functionalities and its effectiveness.

, authors=Xiaopeng SHANG1, Yun FU2, Le FANG3, Renjie ZHANG1, Zirui WANG4, authorsList=Xiaopeng SHANG, Yun FU, Le FANG, Renjie ZHANG, Zirui WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zirui WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
WANG Zirui, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321169819458716600, articleId=1321169816799527856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=数字化助力浙江省新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控效果评价, columnId=1320427686770622717, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=调查报告与分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为确保新型冠状病毒感染疫情（简称“新冠疫情”）实行“乙类乙管”的平稳转段，浙江省数据局与省卫生健康委牵头联合多部门于2023年2月建成并上线新型冠状病毒（简称“新冠病毒”）感染“乙类乙管”综合集成应用平台。该应用平台采用系统自动和人工手动2种方式采集相关涉疫数据，集成多个相关信息系统，实现了疫情监测、医疗救治保障、医疗物资保障、疫苗接种、重点机构、重点地区（农村地区）和重点人群7大方面业务功能展示，初步建立了智慧化预警多点触发机制，全方位多角度展示疫情防控进展，为浙江省疫情防控态势研判、监测预警和资源调度提供了强有力支撑。本文重点介绍新冠感染“乙类乙管”综合集成应用平台的业务功能及其成效。

, authors=尚晓鹏1, 付云2, 方乐3, 张人杰1, 王子睿4, *, *, authorsList=尚晓鹏, 付云, 方乐, 张人杰, 王子睿, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王子睿, authorNote=

尚晓鹏（1986—），硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：公共卫生管理与政策研究、传染性疾病控制

, correspAuthorsNote=
王子睿，E-mail：
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尚晓鹏（1986—），硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：公共卫生管理与政策研究、传染性疾病控制

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尚晓鹏（1986—），硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：公共卫生管理与政策研究、传染性疾病控制

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(2023-11-09)[2024-04-05]. http://jxj.hangzhou.gov.cn/art/2023/11/9/art_1229265379_4217823.html., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169824806454262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 关于印发新型冠状病毒感染防控方案(第十版)的通知[EB/OL]. (2023-01-07)[2024-04-05]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/zhengcwj/202301/bdc1ff75feb94934ae1dade176d30936.shtml., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169824915506167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=基层卫生健康司. 关于做好新冠重点人群动态服务和“关口前移”工作的通知[EB/OL]. (2023-01-03)[2024-04-05]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jws/s7874/202301/bbe29075eb464789be7955c358f57190.shtml., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169824986809336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马振芸. API接口测试方法总结与综述[J]. 数字技术与应用, 2024, 42(1): 10-13., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169825062306809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=浙江省人民政府. 浙江打造一体化数字资源系统IRS, 把“信息孤岛”连成“数字大陆”[EB/OL]. (2021-11-30)[2024-04-05]. https://www.zj.gov.cn/art/2021/11/30/art_1554467_59173815.html., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169825125221370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=“浙政钉”: 在线政务协同平台[J]. 中国建设信息化, 2020(3): 54-55., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169825196524539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=史晨, 马亮. 互联网企业助推数字政府建设——基于健康码与“浙政钉”的案例研究[J]. 学习论坛, 2020(8): 50-55., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169825259439100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李健思, 王子江, 张翠, 等. 基于政务云的辽宁省区域流行病学调查管理信息系统设计与应用[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2023, 39(9): 1221-1224., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169825355908093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国务院联防联控机制综合组. 关于印发新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控操作指南的通知[EB/OL]. (2023-01-07)[2024-04-05]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/zhengcwj/202301/d151963730cc45a4a77e6b241e786d35.shtml., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169825435599870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=曹淑敏. 以信息化数字化驱动引领中国式现代化[J]. 红旗文稿, 2023(2): 4-8, 1., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169825506903039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨维中, 兰亚佳, 吕炜, 等. 建立我国传染病智慧化预警多点触发机制和多渠道监测预警机制[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2020, 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模块定义/内容大屏展示信息数据推送方式更新周期
感染情况根据预测模型对全省每天新增感染人数进行预测，为预估值自2023年1月1日以来全省累计估算感染人数和累计感染率，日新增感染人数、感染率趋势图和累计感染人数趋势图等手工推送每天
报告病例在国家传染病监测报告信息系统中填报的病例
情况		自2023年1月8日以来浙江省及各地市每日新增新冠病毒感染病例数曲线以及累计报告病例数手工推送每天
聚集性疫情全省疑似聚集性疫情发生情况全省及各地市前一天及自2023年5月份以来的疑似聚集性疫情发生数，以及疑似聚集性疫情信息手工推送每天
社区人群哨点在全省11个地市共抽取88 400人开展新冠病毒感染监测全省及各地市哨点调查人数、城乡分布以及自2022年12月份以来的抗原/核酸检测阳性数及阳性率曲线手工推送每周
哨点医院对全省35家流感监测哨点医院的门急诊ILI病例和16家国家级流感哨点医院住院SARI病例开展新冠病毒感染监测近一周门急诊病例数、ILI病例、开展新冠病毒检测数、检测阳性数（率）以及自2023年1月8日以来的门急诊检测人数、检测阳性数（率）趋势
自2023年1月8日以来住院SARI病例的检测数、检测阳性数（率）以及趋势图，近1周的检测数、检测阳性率		数据表授权为主的批量数据共享每天
污水监测全省11个地市中以城市主城区内的所有污水处理厂为监测对象，开展污水中新冠病毒监测总共纳入监测点位数、每周检测出新冠病毒点位数和Ct值<30的点位数及趋势图，以及点位分布地图手工推送每周
核酸阳性全省每天开展新冠病毒核酸检测数和核酸阳性数自2023年1月8日以来累计核酸检测量、核酸阳性数（率），每天核酸检测数和检测阳性数趋势图，以及全省11个地市各市累计核酸检测数、累计核酸阳性数和核酸阳性比例条形图数据表授权为主的批量数据共享每天
病毒变异株每周对新冠病毒变异株的监测情况每周监测阳性病例样本数、变异株型别数、主流变异株、新增变异株及各个变异株所占比例。主流变异株在11个地市的分布图等手工推送每周
入境每天通过杭州、宁波、温州和义乌口岸入关人数、开展检测人数以及核酸阳性人数自2023年1月8日起，全省及各口岸累计入关人数、累计检测人数和核酸阳性人数（率），杭州口岸每天入关人数、核酸检测人数和核酸阳性人数的趋势图手工推送每天
), ArticleFig(id=1321169824340886511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169816799527856, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

“乙类乙管”综合应用中疫情监测板块信息一览表

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模块定义/内容大屏展示信息数据推送方式更新周期
感染情况根据预测模型对全省每天新增感染人数进行预测，为预估值自2023年1月1日以来全省累计估算感染人数和累计感染率，日新增感染人数、感染率趋势图和累计感染人数趋势图等手工推送每天
报告病例在国家传染病监测报告信息系统中填报的病例
情况		自2023年1月8日以来浙江省及各地市每日新增新冠病毒感染病例数曲线以及累计报告病例数手工推送每天
聚集性疫情全省疑似聚集性疫情发生情况全省及各地市前一天及自2023年5月份以来的疑似聚集性疫情发生数，以及疑似聚集性疫情信息手工推送每天
社区人群哨点在全省11个地市共抽取88 400人开展新冠病毒感染监测全省及各地市哨点调查人数、城乡分布以及自2022年12月份以来的抗原/核酸检测阳性数及阳性率曲线手工推送每周
哨点医院对全省35家流感监测哨点医院的门急诊ILI病例和16家国家级流感哨点医院住院SARI病例开展新冠病毒感染监测近一周门急诊病例数、ILI病例、开展新冠病毒检测数、检测阳性数（率）以及自2023年1月8日以来的门急诊检测人数、检测阳性数（率）趋势
自2023年1月8日以来住院SARI病例的检测数、检测阳性数（率）以及趋势图，近1周的检测数、检测阳性率		数据表授权为主的批量数据共享每天
污水监测全省11个地市中以城市主城区内的所有污水处理厂为监测对象，开展污水中新冠病毒监测总共纳入监测点位数、每周检测出新冠病毒点位数和Ct值<30的点位数及趋势图，以及点位分布地图手工推送每周
核酸阳性全省每天开展新冠病毒核酸检测数和核酸阳性数自2023年1月8日以来累计核酸检测量、核酸阳性数（率），每天核酸检测数和检测阳性数趋势图，以及全省11个地市各市累计核酸检测数、累计核酸阳性数和核酸阳性比例条形图数据表授权为主的批量数据共享每天
病毒变异株每周对新冠病毒变异株的监测情况每周监测阳性病例样本数、变异株型别数、主流变异株、新增变异株及各个变异株所占比例。主流变异株在11个地市的分布图等手工推送每周
入境每天通过杭州、宁波、温州和义乌口岸入关人数、开展检测人数以及核酸阳性人数自2023年1月8日起，全省及各口岸累计入关人数、累计检测人数和核酸阳性人数（率），杭州口岸每天入关人数、核酸检测人数和核酸阳性人数的趋势图手工推送每天
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数字化助力浙江省新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控效果评价
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尚晓鹏 1 , 付云 2 , 方乐 3 , 张人杰 1 , 王子睿 4, *, *
中国公共卫生 | 调查报告与分析 2025,41(7): 853-858
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中国公共卫生 |调查报告与分析 2025 , 41 (7) : 853 -858
数字化助力浙江省新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控效果评价
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尚晓鹏（1986—），硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：公共卫生管理与政策研究、传染性疾病控制

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尚晓鹏（1986—），硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：公共卫生管理与政策研究、传染性疾病控制

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尚晓鹏1, 付云2, 方乐3, 张人杰1, 王子睿4, *, *
作者信息
  • 1浙江省疾病预防控制中心，杭州 310051
  • 2湖州市疾病预防控制中心，湖州 313000
  • 3浙江省疾病预防控制局，杭州 310006
  • 4台州市疾病预防控制中心，台州 317700
通讯作者:
王子睿，E-mail：
作者简介:

尚晓鹏（1986—），硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：公共卫生管理与政策研究、传染性疾病控制

An effectiveness evaluation of digital empowerment of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in Zhejiang province
Xiaopeng SHANG1, Yun FU2, Le FANG3, Renjie ZHANG1, Zirui WANG4
Affiliations
  • 1Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
  • 2Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huzhou 313000, China
  • 3Disease Control and Prevention Administration of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
  • 4Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou 317700, China
    • Corresponding Author:
    WANG Zirui, E-mail:
出版时间: 2025-07-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1144631
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摘要
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为确保新型冠状病毒感染疫情（简称“新冠疫情”）实行“乙类乙管”的平稳转段，浙江省数据局与省卫生健康委牵头联合多部门于2023年2月建成并上线新型冠状病毒（简称“新冠病毒”）感染“乙类乙管”综合集成应用平台。该应用平台采用系统自动和人工手动2种方式采集相关涉疫数据，集成多个相关信息系统，实现了疫情监测、医疗救治保障、医疗物资保障、疫苗接种、重点机构、重点地区（农村地区）和重点人群7大方面业务功能展示，初步建立了智慧化预警多点触发机制，全方位多角度展示疫情防控进展，为浙江省疫情防控态势研判、监测预警和资源调度提供了强有力支撑。本文重点介绍新冠感染“乙类乙管”综合集成应用平台的业务功能及其成效。

新冠疫情防控  /  数字化  /  多点触发机制  /  智慧化预警  /  浙江省

To ensure a smooth transition to the "Class B management" protocol for the novel coronavirus infection (referred to as "COVID-19") epidemic, the Zhejiang province Data Bureau and the Provincial Health Commission jointly led multiple departments to establish and launch the integrated application platform for "Class B management" of COVID-19 infection in February 2023. This platform employs both automated system and manual data collection methods for relevant epidemic-related data, integrating multiple information systems. It provides functional displays for seven key areas: epidemic surveillance, medical treatment and support, medical supplies, vaccination, key institutions, key regions (rural areas), and key populations. A preliminary intelligent multi-point trigger warning mechanism has been established, providing a comprehensive, multi-perspective overview of epidemic prevention and control progress. This platform has provided strong support for epidemic situation assessment, monitoring, early warning, and resource allocation in Zhejiang province. This article focuses on the platform's functionalities and its effectiveness.

COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control  /  digitalization  /  multi-trigger mechanism  /  intelligent early warning  /  Zhejiang province
尚晓鹏, 付云, 方乐, 张人杰, 王子睿. 数字化助力浙江省新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控效果评价. 中国公共卫生, 2025 , 41 (7) : 853 -858 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1144631
Xiaopeng SHANG, Yun FU, Le FANG, Renjie ZHANG, Zirui WANG. An effectiveness evaluation of digital empowerment of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in Zhejiang province[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2025 , 41 (7) : 853 -858 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1144631
正文
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2020年2月14日，习近平总书记在中央全面深化改革委员会第十二次会议上强调“要鼓励运用大数据、人工智能、云计算等数字技术，在疫情监测分析、病毒溯源、防控救治、资源调配等方面更好发挥支撑作用”[1]，为数字技术应用于疫情防控指明了方向。浙江省为探索利用数字化手段开展新冠病毒感染疫情防控，在新冠疫情防控初期，浙江省依托数字经济优势，充分运用大数据等数字技术开展网格化全面排查，创立了以“县域风险五色图+健康码+精密智控指数”为核心的精密智控网，并在此基础上，于2022年初上线了疫情防控精密智控综合集成应用，集成了核酸采样、三区研判、重点人群转运隔离、舆情社情、资源调配等31个场景，在多轮疫情防控中发挥了重要作用[2]。
2023年1月8日起，我国对新型冠状病毒感染实施“乙类乙管”，疫情防控工作从“防感染”转为“保健康、防重症”阶段[3]。围绕新冠病毒感染“乙类乙管”阶段的新任务新要求，浙江省坚持“系统集成、量化闭环”原则，综合集成多部门相关涉疫数据，充分利用省域空间数字化平台作用，于2023年2月建成并上线新冠病毒感染“乙类乙管”综合集成应用（简称“‘乙类乙管’综合集成应用”），实现全省新冠病毒疫情、医疗救治、物资储备、疫苗接种、重点地区及人群管理等各类监测数据一屏统览[4–5]，初步建立了智慧化预警多点触发机制，全方位多角度展示疫情防控进展，为全省疫情防控态势研判、监测预警和资源调度提供了强有力支撑。本文通过介绍新冠病毒感染“乙类乙管”综合集成应用，系统阐述了浙江省利用数字化助力新冠病毒感染疫情防控的科学实践。
1　“乙类乙管”综合集成应用开发建设（图1）
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2023年初，依据《新型冠状病毒感染防控方案（第十版）》[6]和《关于做好新冠重点人群动态服务和“关口前移”工作的通知》[7]等文件精神，在浙江省政府的大力推动下，省数据局和省卫生健康委共同牵头按照“乙类乙管”的标准和要求，联合省经信厅、省教育厅、省民政厅、省农业农村厅、省药监局、杭州海关等多部门，系统集成相关涉疫数据系统，包括浙江省传染病动态监测系统、浙江省新冠病毒核酸检测平台、浙江省疫情防控精密智控数据仓、疫苗和预防接种综合管理信息系统、浙里护苗数字化综合应用、浙里康养数字化综合应用、全省零售药店常态化疫情监测警戒系统、浙江省应急医疗物资直通车系统等，开发建设新冠病毒感染“乙类乙管”综合集成应用。该应用实现了疫情监测、医疗救治保障、医疗物资保障、疫苗接种、重点机构、重点地区（农村地区）和重点人群7大方面业务功能展示（图1），共包含24个子模块，全方位多角度一体实现新冠病毒感染疫情的动态监测和智慧化自动预警功能，并可根据国家对新冠病毒感染疫情防控政策的调整及时开展迭代升级。2023年2月，该应用在浙江全省进行了推广。
2　“乙类乙管”综合集成应用业务功能
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2.1　疫情监测（表1、图2）
疫情监测板块覆盖10个子模块，其中感染情况、报告病例、聚集性疫情、社区人群哨点、哨点医院、污水、核酸阳性、病毒变异株和入境监测等9个子模块为常规疫情监测相关指标情况，基本涵盖了国家关于新冠病毒感染监测预警方案中的全部监测项目（表1）。另外1个子模块为预警（图2），是根据疫情监测数据动态变化情况提前设定阈值，当达到相关阈值时触发自动报警功能。该模块设置的阈值包括：（1）报告病例：新增报告病例数连续3 d上升且累计增幅>30%，或单日增幅>30%；（2）哨点医院：门急诊流感样病例（influenza-like illnesses, ILI）或住院严重急性呼吸道感染病例（severe acute respiratory infection, SARI）检测阳性率较上周上升10%；（3）社区人群哨点：社区人群哨点新增核酸检测阳性人数较上周增加30%；（4）污水：污水监测点监测结果Ct值（ORFlab基因）或Ct值（N基因）<30。
2.2　医疗救治保障（图3）
共包括5个模块：（1）发热门诊模块分为二级以上医院发热门诊接诊情况和基层发热诊室接诊情况两部分，分别显示全省323家二级以上医院发热门诊、526家基层医院发热诊室的实时就诊数据，为医院信息系统（hospital information system, HIS）数据实时推送。同时，展示自2023年1月8日以来每日发热门诊接诊人数的变化趋势。（2）住院治疗模块显示全省收治新冠病毒感染患者医院数、住院治疗例数，以及综合重症加强护理病房（intensive care unit, ICU）床位数和综合ICU床位空余率，该数据为每天由人工推送报表数字（2023年2月22日起，浙江省已无相关住院病例；2023年4月初，此部分数据停止更新）。（3）120急救模块是以浙江省疫情防控精密智控数据仓为基底数据库，实时推送全省120电话呼入量与救护车出车量变化趋势。（4）定点医院模块显示全省102家定点医院和104家亚定点医院的床位数，以及按照国家要求完成床位改造的完成进度等，并以地图形式展示全省11个地市的床位改造完成率。（5）ICU模块显示全省综合ICU床位任务数和可转化ICU床位任务数，以及完成进度。定点医院模块和ICU模块均为每日手工推送更新数据，因定点医院床位改造和ICU床位任务均已完成，这两模块已于2023年2月22日停止更新。
2.3　医疗物资保障（图3）
主要显示全省医院、药店的药物消耗及库存，以及应急物资的保障情况。其中，医院模块和药店模块均显示全省及11个地市关于药物消耗及库存情况，以及每日变化趋势，医院模块中的药物主要分为退烧药，包括对乙酰氨基酚片、布洛芬混悬液、布洛芬缓释制剂、酚麻美敏片、小分子药（包括奈玛特韦/利托那韦、阿兹夫定和莫那匹韦），以及甲强龙和呼吸机保有量；药店模块中的医疗物资包括退烧药和抗原检测试剂。应急保障模块主要显示全省对主要医疗物资的生产、调拨和库存情况。上述数据除医疗物资的调拨为每天手工推送数据外，其余均以数据表授权为主的批量数据共享方式每天更新数据。
2.4　疫苗接种（图3）
为全省及11个地市以及辖区市、县（市、区）的新冠疫苗接种情况，包括≥3岁人口基数及全程接种覆盖率、≥18岁人口基数及加强接种覆盖率、60～79岁和≥80岁人群全程接种和加强接种任务完成率，这些数据均来源于疫苗和预防接种综合管理信息系统，每周一由手工推送报表更新一次数据。
2.5　重点机构（图3）
主要分为学校、养老院和儿童福利院3类机构，其中，学校模块为在全省每个县（市、区）分别选择城区中学和小学各2所、农村中学和小学各2所，共716所学校的930 210名在校学生，每日开展新冠病毒感染症状监测，该项为教育部门负责，每周一更新；养老院模块为对全省所有（1 677家）养老院共计在册的106 279名老年人进行新冠病毒感染症状监测，该项由卫生健康部门负责，每周一更新；儿童福利院模块为针对全省24家儿童福利院的1 008名在院儿童进行新冠病毒感染症状监测，该项为民政部门负责，每天更新一次数据，推送方式均为手工推送。该项目于2023年4月初浙江省疫情趋于平稳后停止更新数据。
2.6　农村地区（图3）
主要为农村地区包保服务和农村地区药品物资保障情况。包保服务包括全省乡镇数、行政村数以及“五包一”工作人员数；65岁以上独居老人数及当日接受医疗服务老人数；14岁以下留守儿童数等。农村地区药品物资保障主要指基层医疗机构制氧机和血氧仪的配置率，此部分由民政部门负责，每日手工推送更新一次数据。该项目于2023年4月停止更新数据。
2.7　重点人群（图3）
一是包括≥65岁老年人分级管理状态，指按照老年人的健康状况将全省和各地市≥65岁老年人分为重点人群、次重点人员和一般人群，并用红黄绿3种颜色代表来显示分布情况，该数据为一次性数据。二是包括≥65岁老年人感染情况，显示全省及11个地市该人群的每日感染情况及变化趋势，此部分由卫生健康部门负责，每周手工推送更新一次数据。该项目于2023年4月停止更新数据。
3　数据采集集成
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“乙类乙管”综合集成应用归集了全省10余个部门的至少8个综合系统数据，对数据的采集包括系统自动采集和人工手动采集2种，其中系统自动采集方法，一种是以应用程序编程接口（application programming interface, API）[8]为主的单条数据共享，实现对分散的、多源异构数据的快速采集，如二级及以上医院发热门诊、基层发热诊室接诊的实时数据，以及120急救的每小时动态数据；另一种是以数据表授权为主的批量数据共享，如医院、药店的每天药物消耗及库存数据等。另外，还有公共资源数据的获取是通过在“一体化数字资源系统”（integrated resources system, IRS）[9]上申请后，直接调取使用，如全省人口分布信息、全省地理信息以及养老院、学校等重点机构在地图上的分布等。数据的采集、存储和计算均是在政务云平台上完成，并通过上线浙江省政务协同工作平台（简称浙政钉）应用平台[10–11]，授权给特定人群查看和使用，确保系统的安全性、稳定性和高效性[12]。
4　“乙类乙管”综合集成应用成效
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4.1　多点多源监测预警效果显著
“乙类乙管”综合集成应用的疫情监测板块实现了多部门协作、11个地市全覆盖。自2023年2月份应用上线以来，截至2023年10月31日，共发布自动预警39条，其中发热门诊报告病例预警33个，为发热门诊报告病例单日增幅30%预警27个、连续3日上升且累计增幅超30%预警6个；哨点医院预警4个，为住院SARI病例检测阳性率较上周上升10%预警2个、门急诊ILI病例检测阳性率较上周上升10%预警2个；污水监测预警2个，为污水监测点Ct值<30预警。疫情监测异常情况的及时预警，确保了各地能第一时间发现新冠病毒新型变异株（如奥密克戎变异病毒株BA.5、BQ.1、XBB等）导致的本土疫情，并开展快速精准处置，防止疫情扩散蔓延。
4.2　医疗救治能力建设快速推进
“乙类乙管”综合集成应用中的医疗救治保障模块可实时显示全省及各地的定点/准定点医院的床位数建设任务以及完成率、ICU床位任务数及完成率等指标，通过公开透明的数据晾晒，无形增加了各地建设相关医院及床位的积极性。截至2023年5月，浙江省共建成定点/准定点医院及方舱医院141家、床位10.3万张，全省二级以上医疗机构发热门诊和基层发热诊室建设实现乡镇（街道）100%全覆盖；定点医院床位与ICU床位均超国家相关要求[13]，全省二级以上医院ICU床位数达每10万人28.7张。
4.3　物资生产保供持续发力
“乙类乙管”综合集成应用中的医疗物资保障模块可实时展示浙江全省及各地市医院及药店的重要医疗物资储备情况，以及各地市主要医疗物资的生产、调拨和库存情况，为全省“一盘棋”开展物资调配提供了重要依据。为满足各地对重点医疗物资的储备需求以及最大限度保障居民的用药需求，省政府组织重点药企加大生产，截至2023年5月，全省重点生产企业的小分子抗病毒药、感冒退烧药、抗原检测试剂日产能分别提升至7万人份、1 574万片、3 100万人份，遴选的省级医疗保供企业166家，保持了规模化生产能力。
4.4　重点人群保护全面落实
“乙类乙管”综合集成应用中的疫苗接种、重点机构、农村地区和重点人群等模块可定期更新各地市不同年龄人群的新冠疫苗接种任务及完成率，各地市重点人群分布以及新冠病毒感染情况，督促各地通过比学赶超，严格落实各项针对重点人群的保护政策：一是推动新冠病毒未感染人群的疫苗接种工作和重点人群的加强接种工作；二是在药品相对紧缺的情况下，给全省≥60岁老人发放暖心“防疫包”，并确保在规定的时间内发放到位；三是针对养老机构实行与医院“一对一”结对，全面配备小分子药物；4是对农村24万≥65岁独居老人和3万<14岁留守儿童，全部实行对口包保联系服务。
5　结　语
收起
综上所述，“乙类乙管”综合集成应用实现了卫生健康系统内部的医防协同，系统集成了疾控部门的常规监测及哨点监测相关系统以及医疗机构的诊疗系统等，涉及医疗机构发热门诊（诊室）监测数据、哨点医院监测数据、病毒变异监测数据、污水监测数据、聚集性疫情监测数据、全员新冠病毒核酸检测数据、社区人群哨点监测数据等多种数据；实现了卫生健康与民政、教育、经信、农业农村、网信、药监、海关等多部门协同，在医防协同基础上还集成了浙里护苗数字化综合应用、浙里康养数字化综合应用，以及多种公共资源数据库的数据。该应用可按照数据采集规则实时或定期同步采集省、市、县、乡4个层级的数据，并在大屏展示相关分析结果；通过授权可供省、市、县3个层级人员同时查看同层级以及所属下层级所有数据及分析信息，供基层部门查看工作进展及上级部门指挥决策，实现了纵向贯通。该应用系统通过多源数据采集并在政务云上计算分析，实现智能判断是否触发相应的阈值而发出预警信号，并可实现多源预警信号同时发出功能，其预警信号的提示一种是在大屏预警模块上以红色闪烁信号标注达到阈值的指标，另一种是通过浙政钉系统直接发送钉钉提醒短信到被授权的人员手机，达到即时数据传输即时预警的目的。
“乙类乙管”综合集成应用是在浙江省委、省政府的统一指挥下，以国家对新冠病毒感染疫情的防控政策为指引，由浙江省数据局和省卫生健康委共同牵头设计，与多部门联合协同构建的数字化应用，从设计到上线仅约用1个月的时间。多部门的联防联控与高效协同，不仅打破了传统的信息壁垒，实现了跨部门、跨区域的数据整合与优势互补，也实现了数据来源的多元性、监测范围的广泛性，构建的智能化预警系统极大地提高了疫情监测的敏感性和前瞻性，为疫情防控措施的快速部署提供了可能。但由于“乙类乙管”综合集成应用是适应当时新冠病毒感染疫情防控情境下的产物，因此具有一定的实时性。2023年初，我国新冠病毒感染疫情防控工作从“防感染”转为“保健康、防重症”阶段，结合当时的防控需求，该应用建设的主要目标是疫情监测预警与重点人群保护。随着疫情形势的变化和防控政策的调整，支持该系统的部分数据已不再采集，如城市污水监测、社区人群哨点监测、医院在院病人监测等，均随着国家对新冠病毒感染疫情监测预警方案的发布作出了相应的调整，重点机构重点人群监测也随着新冠病毒感染疫情的平稳渡峰而不再开展监测；医院床位以及ICU床位随着各地达到任务目标而停止了数据更新等。
研究显示，数字技术应用在新冠疫情防控、监测分析、病毒溯源、物资调配、复工复产中发挥了重要作用[14]。“乙类乙管”综合集成应用是利用数字技术开展疫情防控的一次成功的科学实践，基本实现了国家关于建立智慧化预警多点触发机制，健全多渠道监测预警机制的要求[15]，为浙江省新冠病毒感染疫情有序转段、有效削峰、平稳渡峰以及重点人群防护发挥了重要作用。但同时该系统也存在着诸多不足，如在多系统集成过程中，由于各部门提供数据源的平台建设进展不一或缺乏相关信息平台，多项源数据只能通过手工统计并定期推送的方式进行更新，在一定程度上导致了部分数据采集的迟滞性。今后，浙江省将充分利用数字化发展的优势，综合运用大数据模型、人工智能+、物联网、区块链等技术进一步扩展数据的多元化，提高数据收集的信息化水平和智能化分析能力，加快实现省统筹区域传染病监测预警与应急指挥信息平台的建设任务。

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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1144631
  • 接收时间：2024-04-08
  • 首发时间：2026-10-25
  • 出版时间：2025-07-10
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  • 收稿日期：2024-04-08
  • 修回日期：2024-12-04
  • 录用日期：2025-04-18
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    1浙江省疾病预防控制中心，杭州 310051
    2湖州市疾病预防控制中心，湖州 313000
    3浙江省疾病预防控制局，杭州 310006
    4台州市疾病预防控制中心，台州 317700

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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