Article(id=1321169807685300346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321169735128043598, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1145735, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1723996800000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-19, revisedDate=1732464000000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-25, acceptedDate=1743436800000, acceptedDateStr=2025-04-01, onlineDate=1792921028300, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1752076800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921028300, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921028300, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921028300, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321169735128043598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='7', pageStart='769', pageEnd='896', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1752076800000', pubDateStr='2025-07-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921011000, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792921011000, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=823, endPage=828, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321169809530794107, articleId=1321169807685300346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Trends in the burden of liver cirrhosis among residents in Guangdong province from 1990 to 2019: a GBD 2019-based analysis, columnId=1320427686514770171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Survey and Report, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To examine the temporal trends in the burden of CIrrhosis among residents of Guangdong province from 1990 to 2019, thereby providing data support and evidence for the development of targeted prevention strategies and effective intervention measures for CIrrhosis.

Methods

Data on the burden of CIrrhosis among residents of Guangdong province from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD 2019) study. The age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), age-standardized disability- adjusted life years (DALY) rate, and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were calculated to analyze trends in the burden of CIrrhosis and its five etiologies over the study period. EAPC, a measure of the average annual rate of change, was used to assess trends over time.

Results

The ASPR, ASMR, and age-standardized DALY rate of CIrrhosis (all per 100 000 population) among residents decreased from 28 849.8, 21.7, and 637.5 in 1990 to 23 440.3, 6.2, and 173.9 in 2019, with EAPCs of -0.88% (95%CI confidence interval [95%CI]: -1.13% to -0.63%), -4.65% (95%CI: -5.20% to -4.10%), and -4.80% (95%CI: -5.34% to -4.25%), respectively, showing a decreasing trend over the period. The ASPR, ASMR, and age-standardized DALY rate of CIrrhosis attributable to viral hepatitis B and C decreased from 14 094.1 and 2 217.4, 8.2 and 5.4, and 242.4 and 163.6, respectively, in 1990 to 7 450.2 and 1 074.6, 1.7 and 1.9, and 47.6 and 53.8, respectively, in 2019, with EAPCs of -2.39% (95%CI: -2.55% to -2.23%) and -3.39% (95%CI: -4.56% to -2.20%), -5.77% (95%CI: -6.62% to -4.91%) and -3.97% (95%CI: -4.43% to -3.51%), and -5.84% (95%CI: -6.66% to -5.01%) and -4.13% (95%CI: -4.58% to -3.68%), respectively, showing a decreasing trend over the period. For CIrrhosis attributable to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the ASPR increased from 12 318.3 in 1990 to 14 709.2 in 2019, with an EAPC of 0.57% (95%CI: 0.20% to 0.95%), while both the ASMR and the age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 1.7 and 42.9 in 1990 to 0.6 and 14.1 in 2019, respectively, with EAPCs of -4.04% (95%CI: -4.44% to -3.63%) and -4.27% (95%CI: -4.67% to -3.89%). For CIrrhosis attributable to alcohol-related liver disease, the ASPR increased slightly from 111.4 in 1990 to 114.9 in 2019, but the difference was not statistically significant, with an EAPC of 0.12% (95%CI: -0.09% to 0.33%); the ASMR and the age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 3.6 and 106.8 in 1990 to 1.2 and 34.7 in 2019, respectively, both showing decreasing trends, with EAPCs of -4.09% (95%CI: -4.53% to -3.65%) and -4.22% (95%CI: -4.65% to -3.79%), respectively. For cirrhosis caused by other causes, The ASPR, ASMR and age-standardized DALY rate among residents decreased from 108.7, 2.8 and 81.7 in 1990 to 91.4, 0.9 and 23.8 in 2019, with EAPCs of -0.74% (95%CI: -0.93 % to -0.55 %), -4.44% ( 95%CI: -4.85 to -4.03), and -4.69% (95%CI: -5.10 to -4.29). The ASPR, ASMR, and age-standardized DALY rate of CIrrhosis for male residents were all higher than those for female residents in both 1990 and 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the ASMR and age-standardized DALY rate of CIrrhosis showed a decreasing trend for both male and female residents. In terms of age group, the prevalence, mortality, and DALY rate of CIrrhosis all increased with age, but the prevalence of CIrrhosis decreased in residents younger than 30 years, while the mortality and DALY rate decreased across all age groups.

Conclusions

The overall burden of CIrrhosis among residents of Guangdong province showed a significant decreasing trend from 1990 to 2019, while the ASPR of CIrrhosis caused by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease exhibited a notable increase. Men and the elderly remained high-risk groups with a disproportionately higher burden of CIrrhosis.

, authors=Chengbin SHI1, 2, Jiamin QIU1, 2, Jiaxin XIE1, 2, Chen CHENG3, Shiqi HUANG1, Jinlei QI4, Peng YIN4, Maigeng ZHOU4, Xiaofeng LIANG1, 2, Fangfang ZENG1, 2, authorsList=Chengbin SHI, Jiamin QIU, Jiaxin XIE, Chen CHENG, Shiqi HUANG, Jinlei QI, Peng YIN, Maigeng ZHOU, Xiaofeng LIANG, Fangfang ZENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiaofeng LIANG, Fangfang ZENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
LIANG Xiaofeng, E-mail:
ZENG Fangfang, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321169809971196028, articleId=1321169807685300346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=1990—2019年广东省居民肝硬化疾病负担变化趋势分析, columnId=1320427686770622717, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=调查报告与分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化疾病负担的变化趋势,为肝硬化防控策略和干预措施的制定提供数据支持及参考依据。

方法

收集2019年全球疾病负担(GBD 2019)研究中1990—2019年广东省居民肝硬化疾病负担的相关数据,采用患病率、死亡率、伤残调整寿命年(DALY)、年龄标化患病率(ASPR)、年龄标化死亡率(ASMR)、年龄标化DALY率和年估计变化百分比(EAPC)等指标分析当地居民1990—2019年肝硬化及其5种病因所致肝硬化疾病负担的变化趋势。

结果

广东省居民肝硬化ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的28 849.8/10万、21.7/10万和637.5/10万下降至2019年的23 440.3/10万、6.2/10万和173.9/10万,1990—2019年肝硬化ASPR(EAPC= –0.88%,95%CI= –1.13%~–0.63%)、ASMR(EAPC= –4.65%,95%CI= –5.20~–4.10)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.80%,95%CI= –5.34~–4.25)均呈下降趋势。乙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的14 094.1/10万、8.2/10万和242.4/10万下降至2019年的7 450.2/10万、1.7/10万和47.6/10万,1990—2019年乙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR(EAPC= –2.39%,95%CI= –2.55%~–2.23%)、ASMR(EAPC= –5.77%,95%CI= –6.62~–4.91)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –5.84%,95%CI= –6.66~–5.01)均呈下降趋势。丙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的2 217.4/10万、5.4/10万和163.6/10万下降至2019年的1 074.6/10万、1.9/10万和53.8/10万,1990—2019年丙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR(EAPC= –3.39%,95%CI= –4.56%~–2.20%)、ASMR(EAPC= –3.97%,95%CI= –4.43~–3.51)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.13%,95%CI= –4.58~–3.68)均呈下降趋势。非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR分别从1990年的12 318.3/10万上升至2019年的14 709.2/10万,1990—2019年非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR呈上升趋势(EAPC=0.57%,95%CI=0.20%~0.95%),ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的1.7/10万和42.9/10万下降至2019年的0.6/10万和14.1/10万,1990—2019年非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASMR(EAPC= –4.04%,95%CI= –4.44%~–3.63%)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.27%,95%CI= –4.67~–3.89)均呈下降趋势。酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化ASPR分别从1990年的111.4/10万上升至2019年的114.9/10万,1990—2019年酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化ASPR虽略有上升但差异无统计学意义(EAPC=0.12%,95%CI= –0.09%~0.33%),ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的3.6/10万和106.8/10万下降至2019年的1.2/10万和34.7/10万,1990—2019年酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化ASMR(EAPC= –4.09%,95%CI= –4.53%~–3.65%)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.22%,95%CI= –4.65~–3.79)均呈下降趋势。其他原因所致肝硬化ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的108.7/10万、2.8/10万和81.7/10万下降至2019年的91.4/10万、0.9/10万和23.8/10万,1990—2019年其他原因所致肝硬化ASPR(EAPC= –0.74%,95%CI= –0.93%~–0.55%)、ASMR(EAPC= –4.44%,95%CI= –4.85~–4.03)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.69%,95%CI= –5.10~–4.29)均呈下降趋势。不同性别居民中,男性居民1990年和2019年肝硬化的ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率均高于女性居民,1990—2019年肝硬化ASMR和年龄标化DALY率在男性居民和女性居民中均呈下降趋势。不同年龄居民中,肝硬化患病率、死亡率和DALY率均随年龄增长而升高,1990—2019年肝硬化仅患病率在<30岁居民中呈下降趋势,死亡率和DALY率在各年龄组居民中均呈下降趋势。

结论

广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化疾病负担总体呈下降趋势,但非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR却有所上升,其中男性和老年人是肝硬化的高危人群。

, authors=石程宾1, 2, 邱嘉敏1, 2, 谢佳欣1, 2, 程琛3, 黄诗琪1, 齐金蕾4, 殷鹏4, 周脉耕4, 梁晓峰1, 2, *, *, 曾芳芳1, 2, *, *, authorsList=石程宾, 邱嘉敏, 谢佳欣, 程琛, 黄诗琪, 齐金蕾, 殷鹏, 周脉耕, 梁晓峰, 曾芳芳, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=梁晓峰, 曾芳芳, authorNote=

石程宾(2001—),硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生与流行病学

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梁晓峰,E-mail:
曾芳芳,E-mail:
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石程宾(2001—),硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生与流行病学

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Global burden of nutritional deficiencies among children under 5 years of age from 2010 to 2019[J]. 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Age-standardized rates of prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted-life years of all cirrhosis and cirrhosis attributable to viral hepatitis B and C, nonalcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic liver disease, and other causes among Guangdong residents in 1990 and 2019, with estimated annual percentage changes of the three rates over the period

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项目分析指标1990年2019年EAPC/%95%CI/%
肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)28 849.823 440.3–0.88–1.13~–0.63
ASMR/(1/10万)21.76.2–4.65–5.20~–4.10
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)637.5173.9–4.80–5.34~–4.25
乙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)14 094.17 450.2–2.39–2.55~–2.23
ASMR/(1/10万)8.21.7–5.77–6.62~–4.91
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)242.447.6–5.84–6.66~–5.01
丙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)2 217.41 074.6–3.39–4.56~–2.20
ASMR/(1/10万)5.41.9–3.97–4.43~–3.51
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)163.653.8–4.13–4.58~–3.68
非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)12 318.314 709.20.570.20~0.95
ASMR/(1/10万)1.70.6–4.04–4.44~–3.63
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)42.914.1–4.27–4.67~–3.87
酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)111.4114.90.12–0.09~0.33
ASMR/(1/10万)3.61.2–4.09–4.53~–3.65
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)106.834.7–4.22–4.65~–3.79
其他原因所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)108.791.4–0.74–0.93~–0.55
ASMR/(1/10万)2.80.9–4.44–4.85~–4.03
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)81.723.8–4.69–5.10~–4.29
), ArticleFig(id=1321169815583174858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169807685300346, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化及5种病因所致疾病负担变化趋势

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目分析指标1990年2019年EAPC/%95%CI/%
肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)28 849.823 440.3–0.88–1.13~–0.63
ASMR/(1/10万)21.76.2–4.65–5.20~–4.10
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)637.5173.9–4.80–5.34~–4.25
乙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)14 094.17 450.2–2.39–2.55~–2.23
ASMR/(1/10万)8.21.7–5.77–6.62~–4.91
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)242.447.6–5.84–6.66~–5.01
丙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)2 217.41 074.6–3.39–4.56~–2.20
ASMR/(1/10万)5.41.9–3.97–4.43~–3.51
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)163.653.8–4.13–4.58~–3.68
非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)12 318.314 709.20.570.20~0.95
ASMR/(1/10万)1.70.6–4.04–4.44~–3.63
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)42.914.1–4.27–4.67~–3.87
酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)111.4114.90.12–0.09~0.33
ASMR/(1/10万)3.61.2–4.09–4.53~–3.65
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)106.834.7–4.22–4.65~–3.79
其他原因所致肝硬化ASPR/(1/10万)108.791.4–0.74–0.93~–0.55
ASMR/(1/10万)2.80.9–4.44–4.85~–4.03
年龄标化DALY率/(1/10万)81.723.8–4.69–5.10~–4.29
), ArticleFig(id=1321169815658672331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169807685300346, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Age-specific rates of prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years of cirrhosis among Guangdong residents in 1990 and 2019, with estimated annual percentage changes of the rates over the period

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁患病率死亡率DALY率
1990年/
(1/10万)
2019年/
(1/10万)
EAPC/%95%UI/%1990年/
(1/10万)
2019年/
(1/10万)
EAPC/%95%UI/%1990年/
(1/10万)
2019年/
(1/10万)
EAPC/%95%UI/%
<1514 128.11 299.9–8.86–10.13~–7.570.240.06–5.17–5.55~–4.7822.096.23–4.65–4.96~–4.34
15~1919 860.27 055.1–2.23–2.93~–1.520.810.13–6.91–7.45~–6.3860.3710.52–6.55–7.05~–6.05
20~2424 076.621 477.9–0.54–0.85~–0.221.540.32–6.23–6.90~–5.56105.0023.00–6.06–6.70~–5.41
25~2928 530.226 833.9–0.33–0.65~–0.012.760.67–5.26–5.92~–4.60173.1643.30–5.17–5.81~–4.53
30~3432 428.931 443.2–0.25–0.59~0.105.921.85–4.44–5.02~–3.86339.42107.82–4.38–4.95~–3.81
35~3935 081.334 049.9–0.24–0.60~0.1312.543.64–4.71–5.28~–4.14655.51193.35–4.66–5.21~–4.10
40~4437 030.035 954.3–0.24–0.59~0.1221.006.27–4.44–4.95~–3.92994.74301.22–4.39–4.89~–3.88
45~4940 109.038 954.1–0.25–0.59~0.0930.378.16–4.56–4.92~–4.201 290.08352.94–4.50–4.85~–4.15
50~5442 623.441 277.4–0.23–0.56~0.1047.2611.17–5.32–5.88~–4.761 777.43429.10–5.25–5.79~–4.70
55~5943 876.842 698.4–0.20–0.52~0.1262.0413.27–5.68–6.33~–5.012041.03448.64–5.59–6.23~–4.94
60~6444 915.344 067.6–0.17–0.49~0.1565.1816.69–4.90–5.56~–4.241 844.94484.10–4.82–5.46~–4.18
65~6946 989.846 738.1–0.09–0.38~0.1982.7120.10–5.15–5.76~–4.531 960.49488.80–5.06–5.66~–4.46
70~7448 967.549 491.5–0.02–0.26~0.2293.5827.01–4.88–5.68~–4.081 816.69534.81–4.81–5.59~–4.03
≥7546 922.147 513.6–0.03–0.18~0.12127.1850.72–3.58–4.02~–3.141 185.97387.16–4.16–4.66~–3.64
), ArticleFig(id=1321169815738364108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169807685300346, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

广东省不同年龄居民1990—2019年肝硬化疾病负担变化趋势

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄/岁患病率死亡率DALY率
1990年/
(1/10万)
2019年/
(1/10万)
EAPC/%95%UI/%1990年/
(1/10万)
2019年/
(1/10万)
EAPC/%95%UI/%1990年/
(1/10万)
2019年/
(1/10万)
EAPC/%95%UI/%
<1514 128.11 299.9–8.86–10.13~–7.570.240.06–5.17–5.55~–4.7822.096.23–4.65–4.96~–4.34
15~1919 860.27 055.1–2.23–2.93~–1.520.810.13–6.91–7.45~–6.3860.3710.52–6.55–7.05~–6.05
20~2424 076.621 477.9–0.54–0.85~–0.221.540.32–6.23–6.90~–5.56105.0023.00–6.06–6.70~–5.41
25~2928 530.226 833.9–0.33–0.65~–0.012.760.67–5.26–5.92~–4.60173.1643.30–5.17–5.81~–4.53
30~3432 428.931 443.2–0.25–0.59~0.105.921.85–4.44–5.02~–3.86339.42107.82–4.38–4.95~–3.81
35~3935 081.334 049.9–0.24–0.60~0.1312.543.64–4.71–5.28~–4.14655.51193.35–4.66–5.21~–4.10
40~4437 030.035 954.3–0.24–0.59~0.1221.006.27–4.44–4.95~–3.92994.74301.22–4.39–4.89~–3.88
45~4940 109.038 954.1–0.25–0.59~0.0930.378.16–4.56–4.92~–4.201 290.08352.94–4.50–4.85~–4.15
50~5442 623.441 277.4–0.23–0.56~0.1047.2611.17–5.32–5.88~–4.761 777.43429.10–5.25–5.79~–4.70
55~5943 876.842 698.4–0.20–0.52~0.1262.0413.27–5.68–6.33~–5.012041.03448.64–5.59–6.23~–4.94
60~6444 915.344 067.6–0.17–0.49~0.1565.1816.69–4.90–5.56~–4.241 844.94484.10–4.82–5.46~–4.18
65~6946 989.846 738.1–0.09–0.38~0.1982.7120.10–5.15–5.76~–4.531 960.49488.80–5.06–5.66~–4.46
70~7448 967.549 491.5–0.02–0.26~0.2293.5827.01–4.88–5.68~–4.081 816.69534.81–4.81–5.59~–4.03
≥7546 922.147 513.6–0.03–0.18~0.12127.1850.72–3.58–4.02~–3.141 185.97387.16–4.16–4.66~–3.64
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1990—2019年广东省居民肝硬化疾病负担变化趋势分析
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石程宾 1, 2 , 邱嘉敏 1, 2 , 谢佳欣 1, 2 , 程琛 3 , 黄诗琪 1 , 齐金蕾 4 , 殷鹏 4 , 周脉耕 4 , 梁晓峰 1, 2, *, * , 曾芳芳 1, 2, *, *
中国公共卫生 | 调查报告与分析 2025,41(7): 823-828
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中国公共卫生 |调查报告与分析 2025 , 41 (7) : 823 -828
1990—2019年广东省居民肝硬化疾病负担变化趋势分析
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石程宾1, 2, 邱嘉敏1, 2, 谢佳欣1, 2, 程琛3, 黄诗琪1, 齐金蕾4, 殷鹏4, 周脉耕4, 梁晓峰1, 2, *, * , 曾芳芳1, 2, *, *
作者信息
  • 1暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院预防医学系/暨南大学疾病预防与控制研究院/暨南大学康泰生物疫苗产业研究院,广州 510632
  • 2暨南大学病毒致病及防控教育部重点实验室,广州 510632
  • 3暨南大学附属第一医院(广州华侨医院)医务科,广州 510630
  • 4中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心,北京 100050
通讯作者:
梁晓峰,E-mail:
曾芳芳,E-mail:
作者简介:

石程宾(2001—),硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生与流行病学

Trends in the burden of liver cirrhosis among residents in Guangdong province from 1990 to 2019: a GBD 2019-based analysis
Chengbin SHI1, 2, Jiamin QIU1, 2, Jiaxin XIE1, 2, Chen CHENG3, Shiqi HUANG1, Jinlei QI4, Peng YIN4, Maigeng ZHOU4, Xiaofeng LIANG1, 2 , Fangfang ZENG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Jinan University/Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University/Kangtai Biological Vaccine Industry Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • 3Department of Medical Affairs, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Guangzhou Overseas Chinese Hospital), Guangzhou 510630, China
  • 4National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    LIANG Xiaofeng, E-mail:
    ZENG Fangfang, E-mail:
出版时间: 2025-07-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1145735
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目的

了解广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化疾病负担的变化趋势,为肝硬化防控策略和干预措施的制定提供数据支持及参考依据。

方法

收集2019年全球疾病负担(GBD 2019)研究中1990—2019年广东省居民肝硬化疾病负担的相关数据,采用患病率、死亡率、伤残调整寿命年(DALY)、年龄标化患病率(ASPR)、年龄标化死亡率(ASMR)、年龄标化DALY率和年估计变化百分比(EAPC)等指标分析当地居民1990—2019年肝硬化及其5种病因所致肝硬化疾病负担的变化趋势。

结果

广东省居民肝硬化ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的28 849.8/10万、21.7/10万和637.5/10万下降至2019年的23 440.3/10万、6.2/10万和173.9/10万,1990—2019年肝硬化ASPR(EAPC= –0.88%,95%CI= –1.13%~–0.63%)、ASMR(EAPC= –4.65%,95%CI= –5.20~–4.10)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.80%,95%CI= –5.34~–4.25)均呈下降趋势。乙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的14 094.1/10万、8.2/10万和242.4/10万下降至2019年的7 450.2/10万、1.7/10万和47.6/10万,1990—2019年乙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR(EAPC= –2.39%,95%CI= –2.55%~–2.23%)、ASMR(EAPC= –5.77%,95%CI= –6.62~–4.91)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –5.84%,95%CI= –6.66~–5.01)均呈下降趋势。丙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的2 217.4/10万、5.4/10万和163.6/10万下降至2019年的1 074.6/10万、1.9/10万和53.8/10万,1990—2019年丙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR(EAPC= –3.39%,95%CI= –4.56%~–2.20%)、ASMR(EAPC= –3.97%,95%CI= –4.43~–3.51)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.13%,95%CI= –4.58~–3.68)均呈下降趋势。非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR分别从1990年的12 318.3/10万上升至2019年的14 709.2/10万,1990—2019年非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR呈上升趋势(EAPC=0.57%,95%CI=0.20%~0.95%),ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的1.7/10万和42.9/10万下降至2019年的0.6/10万和14.1/10万,1990—2019年非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASMR(EAPC= –4.04%,95%CI= –4.44%~–3.63%)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.27%,95%CI= –4.67~–3.89)均呈下降趋势。酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化ASPR分别从1990年的111.4/10万上升至2019年的114.9/10万,1990—2019年酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化ASPR虽略有上升但差异无统计学意义(EAPC=0.12%,95%CI= –0.09%~0.33%),ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的3.6/10万和106.8/10万下降至2019年的1.2/10万和34.7/10万,1990—2019年酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化ASMR(EAPC= –4.09%,95%CI= –4.53%~–3.65%)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.22%,95%CI= –4.65~–3.79)均呈下降趋势。其他原因所致肝硬化ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率分别从1990年的108.7/10万、2.8/10万和81.7/10万下降至2019年的91.4/10万、0.9/10万和23.8/10万,1990—2019年其他原因所致肝硬化ASPR(EAPC= –0.74%,95%CI= –0.93%~–0.55%)、ASMR(EAPC= –4.44%,95%CI= –4.85~–4.03)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.69%,95%CI= –5.10~–4.29)均呈下降趋势。不同性别居民中,男性居民1990年和2019年肝硬化的ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率均高于女性居民,1990—2019年肝硬化ASMR和年龄标化DALY率在男性居民和女性居民中均呈下降趋势。不同年龄居民中,肝硬化患病率、死亡率和DALY率均随年龄增长而升高,1990—2019年肝硬化仅患病率在<30岁居民中呈下降趋势,死亡率和DALY率在各年龄组居民中均呈下降趋势。

结论

广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化疾病负担总体呈下降趋势,但非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR却有所上升,其中男性和老年人是肝硬化的高危人群。

肝硬化  /  疾病负担  /  变化趋势  /  广东省
Objective

To examine the temporal trends in the burden of CIrrhosis among residents of Guangdong province from 1990 to 2019, thereby providing data support and evidence for the development of targeted prevention strategies and effective intervention measures for CIrrhosis.

Methods

Data on the burden of CIrrhosis among residents of Guangdong province from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD 2019) study. The age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), age-standardized disability- adjusted life years (DALY) rate, and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were calculated to analyze trends in the burden of CIrrhosis and its five etiologies over the study period. EAPC, a measure of the average annual rate of change, was used to assess trends over time.

Results

The ASPR, ASMR, and age-standardized DALY rate of CIrrhosis (all per 100 000 population) among residents decreased from 28 849.8, 21.7, and 637.5 in 1990 to 23 440.3, 6.2, and 173.9 in 2019, with EAPCs of -0.88% (95%CI confidence interval [95%CI]: -1.13% to -0.63%), -4.65% (95%CI: -5.20% to -4.10%), and -4.80% (95%CI: -5.34% to -4.25%), respectively, showing a decreasing trend over the period. The ASPR, ASMR, and age-standardized DALY rate of CIrrhosis attributable to viral hepatitis B and C decreased from 14 094.1 and 2 217.4, 8.2 and 5.4, and 242.4 and 163.6, respectively, in 1990 to 7 450.2 and 1 074.6, 1.7 and 1.9, and 47.6 and 53.8, respectively, in 2019, with EAPCs of -2.39% (95%CI: -2.55% to -2.23%) and -3.39% (95%CI: -4.56% to -2.20%), -5.77% (95%CI: -6.62% to -4.91%) and -3.97% (95%CI: -4.43% to -3.51%), and -5.84% (95%CI: -6.66% to -5.01%) and -4.13% (95%CI: -4.58% to -3.68%), respectively, showing a decreasing trend over the period. For CIrrhosis attributable to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the ASPR increased from 12 318.3 in 1990 to 14 709.2 in 2019, with an EAPC of 0.57% (95%CI: 0.20% to 0.95%), while both the ASMR and the age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 1.7 and 42.9 in 1990 to 0.6 and 14.1 in 2019, respectively, with EAPCs of -4.04% (95%CI: -4.44% to -3.63%) and -4.27% (95%CI: -4.67% to -3.89%). For CIrrhosis attributable to alcohol-related liver disease, the ASPR increased slightly from 111.4 in 1990 to 114.9 in 2019, but the difference was not statistically significant, with an EAPC of 0.12% (95%CI: -0.09% to 0.33%); the ASMR and the age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 3.6 and 106.8 in 1990 to 1.2 and 34.7 in 2019, respectively, both showing decreasing trends, with EAPCs of -4.09% (95%CI: -4.53% to -3.65%) and -4.22% (95%CI: -4.65% to -3.79%), respectively. For cirrhosis caused by other causes, The ASPR, ASMR and age-standardized DALY rate among residents decreased from 108.7, 2.8 and 81.7 in 1990 to 91.4, 0.9 and 23.8 in 2019, with EAPCs of -0.74% (95%CI: -0.93 % to -0.55 %), -4.44% ( 95%CI: -4.85 to -4.03), and -4.69% (95%CI: -5.10 to -4.29). The ASPR, ASMR, and age-standardized DALY rate of CIrrhosis for male residents were all higher than those for female residents in both 1990 and 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the ASMR and age-standardized DALY rate of CIrrhosis showed a decreasing trend for both male and female residents. In terms of age group, the prevalence, mortality, and DALY rate of CIrrhosis all increased with age, but the prevalence of CIrrhosis decreased in residents younger than 30 years, while the mortality and DALY rate decreased across all age groups.

Conclusions

The overall burden of CIrrhosis among residents of Guangdong province showed a significant decreasing trend from 1990 to 2019, while the ASPR of CIrrhosis caused by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease exhibited a notable increase. Men and the elderly remained high-risk groups with a disproportionately higher burden of CIrrhosis.

liver cirrhosis  /  disease burden  /  trend  /  Guangdong province
石程宾, 邱嘉敏, 谢佳欣, 程琛, 黄诗琪, 齐金蕾, 殷鹏, 周脉耕, 梁晓峰, 曾芳芳. 1990—2019年广东省居民肝硬化疾病负担变化趋势分析. 中国公共卫生, 2025 , 41 (7) : 823 -828 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1145735
Chengbin SHI, Jiamin QIU, Jiaxin XIE, Chen CHENG, Shiqi HUANG, Jinlei QI, Peng YIN, Maigeng ZHOU, Xiaofeng LIANG, Fangfang ZENG. Trends in the burden of liver cirrhosis among residents in Guangdong province from 1990 to 2019: a GBD 2019-based analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2025 , 41 (7) : 823 -828 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1145735
肝硬化是由一种或多种原因引起的慢性纤维性、进行性肝病,一般分为代偿期肝硬化和失代偿期肝硬化,失代偿期作为肝硬化的严重阶段,不仅增加患者院内感染的概率,而且常导致患者反复入院,极大程度地降低了患者的生活质量[1–2]。仅2017年,全球就有1.12亿例代偿期肝硬化患病病例和1 060万例失代偿期肝硬化患病病例[3],肝硬化的失代偿期也决定着患者的预期寿命[4]。一项关于肝病不同阶段导致人体寿命损失的对比性研究表明,肝硬化导致的寿命损失不论在男性还是女性人群中均高于慢性乙型肝炎和肝癌[5]。肝硬化的病因大致可分为乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、酒精相关性肝病、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和其他原因5种[6–7],既往有研究分别探讨了中国居民的肝硬化[8]、乙型肝炎导致肝硬化[9]和酒精导致肝硬化[10]疾病负担。为了解广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化疾病负担的变化趋势,为肝硬化防控策略和干预措施的制定提供数据支持及参考依据,本研究收集2019年全球疾病负担(global burden of disease study 2019, GBD 2019)研究中1990—2019年广东省居民肝硬化疾病负担的相关数据,采用患病率、死亡率、伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years, DALY)率、年龄标化患病率(age-standardized prevalence rate, ASPR)、年龄标化死亡率(age-standardized mortality rate, ASMR)、年龄标化伤残调整生命年DALY率和年估计变化百分比(estimated annual percentage change, EAPC)等指标分析当地居民1990—2019年肝硬化及其5种病因所致肝硬化疾病负担的变化趋势。结果报告如下。
资料来源于GBD 2019数据库(https://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2019),该数据库是一个全面且权威的数据库,涵盖了全球204个国家和地区关于368种疾病和伤害的流行病学数据[11]。具体到中国,肝硬化及其他慢性肝病的数据来源包括国家卫生服务调查、死因报告系统、慢性病及其危险因素监测项目的官方数据,同时亦综合参考了相关学术领域发表的文献资料和报告[9, 12]。基于这些数据,研究人员应用死因集成模型(cause of death ensemble model, CODEm)、时空高斯过程回归(spatio-temporal Gaussian process regression, ST-GPR)和疾病建模元回归(disease modeling meta-regression, DisMod-MR)3种主要的标准化工具对其进行年龄标准化评估[11]。本研究提取其中1990—2019年广东省居民肝硬化及乙型肝炎所致肝硬化、丙型肝炎所致肝硬化、非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化、酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化和其他原因所致肝硬化5种病因所致肝硬化的ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率等指标进行分析。
应用R 4.3.2进行一般描述性分析,并计算1990—2019年肝硬化及乙型肝炎所致肝硬化、丙型肝炎所致肝硬化、非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化、酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化和其他原因所致肝硬化5种病因所致肝硬化ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率的EAPC值及其95%CI以描述肝硬化疾病负担的变化趋势。EAPC值计算方法为:根据各年份ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率绘制回归曲线得到回归系数β,依据公式EAPC=100×[exp(β)– 1][13]进行计算,若EAPC及其95%CI均>0或均<0,则表明相应的ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率呈上升趋势或下降趋势,反之,则表明ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率随时间推移保持平稳趋势[14]。对于来自不同国家及地区或存在缺失的数据,GBD使用贝叶斯偏回归DisMod-MR 2.1模型计算此部分数据的95%不确定性区间(uncertainty interval, UI)以更好地描述疾病负担[15]。此外,还对不同性别居民肝硬化的ASPR、ASMR、年龄标化DALY率以及不用年龄居民肝硬化的患病率、死亡率、标化DALY率进行了趋势分析。
广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化、乙型肝炎所致肝硬化、丙型肝炎所致肝硬化和其他原因所致肝硬化的ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY率均呈下降趋势;非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化和酒精相关性肝病所致肝硬化除ASPR均呈上升趋势外,ASMR和年龄标化DALY率均呈下降趋势。
广东省男性居民1990年和2019年肝硬化的ASPR、ASMR、年龄标化DALY率分别为31 778.1/10万和26 627.6/10万、31.25/10万和10.04/10万、931.82/10万和280.50/10万,均高于女性居民1990年和2019年肝硬化ASPR、ASMR、年龄标化DALY率的25 774.5/10万和19 941.2/10万、13.12/10万和2.75/10万、339.38/10万和64.91/10万。1990—2019年男性居民肝硬化的ASMR(EAPC= –3.96%,95%UI= –5.39%~–2.50%)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –4.23%,95%UI= –5.70%~–2.73%)均呈下降趋势,女性居民ASMR(EAPC= –5.63%,95%UI= –6.87%~–4.38%)和年龄标化DALY率(EAPC= –6.02%,95%UI= –7.28%~–4.74%)亦均呈下降趋势,其中女性居民肝硬化的ASMR和年龄标化DALY率的下降趋势均高于男性居民。
广东省1990年和2019年不同年龄居民肝硬化患病率、死亡率和DALY率均随年龄增长而升高。1990—2019年肝硬化仅患病率在<30岁居民中呈下降趋势,以<15岁居民下降最为明显;1990—2019年肝硬化死亡率和DALY率在各年龄组居民中均呈下降趋势,死亡率和DALY率均以15~19岁居民下降最为明显。
本研究结果显示,广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化的总体负担下降趋势较明显,ASPR、ASMR和年龄标化DALY均呈下降趋势,但ASPR的下降趋势较缓慢,这可能与中国急剧加速的人口老龄化有关。老年人作为肝硬化患病的高危人群,一方面对其进行的预防及治疗可能难以达到理想的效果,另一方面医疗水平的相对进步挽救了部分高危病例但老年人的身体状况可能并不能完全康复,特别是反复发病的失代偿期病例,其病程延长、迁延不愈的情况并不少见。此外,不良的生活饮食习惯导致的酒精和非酒精相关性肝病也导致了肝硬化患病率的居高不下。
本研究结果显示,广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化的患病主要归因于乙型肝炎所致肝硬化和非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化,1990年和2019年乙型肝炎所致肝硬化ASPR分别为14 094.1/10万和7 450.2/10万,非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR分别为12 318.3/10万和14 709.2/10万,2019年非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化ASPR超越乙型肝炎所致肝硬化成为导致广东省居民肝硬化患病的最主要病因。此外,本研究还发现非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化的疾病负担越来越严重,1990—2019年其ASPR呈上升趋势(EAPC=0.57%,95%CI=0.20%~0.95%)。这可能是随着我国经济快速发展,居民生活水平不断提高,不良生活习惯也随之增多,暴饮暴食、熬夜等不良生活习惯可以给肝脏带来严重的负担,与此同时,血脂代谢异常、糖尿病、肥胖等代谢综合征的发病率亦不断升高,造成非酒精性脂肪肝的发病率随之升高[16]。近年一项关于非酒精性脂肪肝疾病负担的meta分析亦表明,在亚洲各国中,中国非酒精性脂肪性肝病的发病率是最高的[17],这可能为广东省居民1990—2019年非酒精性脂肪肝所致肝硬化患病率不降反升并逐渐取代乙型肝炎所致肝硬化引起肝硬化ASPR最高的原因。因此,应养成健康的生活饮食习惯,预防糖尿病、肥胖及相关的代谢性疾病,通过减少久坐、控制体重、限制饮酒和定期体检等措施预防非酒精性脂肪性肝病的发生。
本研究中,乙型肝炎是广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化高患病率的主要诱因之一,且乙型肝炎所致肝硬化死亡的概率在五大病因中占主导地位。因此,降低肝硬化的患病率和死亡率的关键在于降低乙型肝炎的发病率,并确保乙型肝炎患者能够得到正确且及时的抗病毒治疗。为了实现这一目标,广东省于2002年将乙型肝炎疫苗纳入免疫规划,2011年乙型肝炎疫苗接种率已达98.74%[18]。此外,广东省还要求医疗机构对所有产前孕妇及接受侵入性诊断和治疗的患者进行乙型肝炎的筛查[19],这一举措明显提高了乙型肝炎的早诊早治率。然而,尽管抗病毒治疗对于缓解炎症、改善预后和阻止纤维化至关重要,但由于患者对疾病的认知不足或心存病耻感,往往导致治疗依从性不高,使得治疗效果大打折扣[20],这也许是本研究发现乙型肝炎所致肝硬化患病率和死亡率居高不下的重要原因之一。
此外,本研究还发现,广东省男性居民1990年和2019年肝硬化的ASPR、ASMR、年龄标化DALY率分别为31 778.1/10万和26 627.6/10万、31.25/10万和10.04/10万、931.82/10万和280.50/10万,均高于女性居民1990年和2019年肝硬化ASPR、ASMR、年龄标化DALY率的25 774.5/10万和19 941.2/10万、13.12/10万和2.75/10万、339.38/10万和64.91/10万,且女性居民肝硬化的ASMR和年龄标化DALY率的下降趋势均高于男性居民。这在一定程度上可以归因于乙型病毒性肝炎的男女性别分布差异[21],也可能与男性所面临的生活压力及职业暴露相关。男性作为一家的顶梁柱,需要同时面对多方面的压力,当长时间处于较大压力,机体会分泌压力蛋白,该蛋白的累积会抑制免疫系统的功能[22],同时为缓解压力,大部分男性酗酒、吸烟和暴饮暴食的几率大幅提升,且相较于女性,男性艰苦环境作业的概率更大,接触的环境污染物更多,这也在一定程度增大了男性与病毒的接触机会。
综上所述,广东省居民1990—2019年肝硬化的疾病负担总体呈下降趋势,但现状依然令人担忧,乙型肝炎仍然导致大量的肝硬化患病及死亡,非酒精性脂肪肝导致的肝硬化患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势,其中男性和老年人是肝硬化的高危人群。因此,加大对男性和老年人的健康教育,提高患者依从性,保证抗病毒治疗的效果尤为重要。与此同时,提高儿童乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎疫苗的接种率,加大筛查力度,推动“早发现、早诊断、早治疗”的三早预防策略,从肝硬化的病因入手,通过降低乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和非酒精性脂肪肝的发病率来减少肝硬化的患病率和死亡率。但本研究仍存在一定的局限性:一是全球疾病负担研究中的数据是基于数学模型进行估计的,其准确性仍有待提升。二是全球疾病负担研究数据库仅收录了已经发表的数据,未被监测或发表的数据不在其中,一些贫困地区的数据可能不完整[23]。三是全球疾病负担研究的数据未对中国的不同市区进行区分,本研究无法对广东省不同城市肝硬化的疾病负担进行对比以发现高发地区。因此,在今后的研究中应考虑整合不同来源的数据,包括地方卫生部门、非政府组织和社区健康调查,以获取更全面的疾病负担信息;同时,还可以考虑与当地卫生部门或医疗机构合作,通过推动细化区域数据监测与分析获取更详细的地方性疾病数据以识别高发区域,从而制定更具有针对性的公共卫生干预措施。

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2025年第41卷第7期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1145735
  • 接收时间:2024-08-19
  • 首发时间:2026-10-25
  • 出版时间:2025-07-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-19
  • 修回日期:2024-11-25
  • 录用日期:2025-04-01
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    1暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院预防医学系/暨南大学疾病预防与控制研究院/暨南大学康泰生物疫苗产业研究院,广州 510632
    2暨南大学病毒致病及防控教育部重点实验室,广州 510632
    3暨南大学附属第一医院(广州华侨医院)医务科,广州 510630
    4中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心,北京 100050

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
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