Article(id=1320442570572944283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320442558581424898, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1145858, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725379200000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-04, revisedDate=1744560000000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-14, acceptedDate=1759939200000, acceptedDateStr=2025-10-09, onlineDate=1792747641461, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1770652800000, pubDateStr=2026-02-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792747641461, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792747641461, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792747641461, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320442558581424898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2026', volume='42', issue='2', pageStart='129', pageEnd='256', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1770652800000', pubDateStr='2026-02-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792747638602, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792748118043, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320444569574031427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320442558581424898, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320444569578225732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320442558581424898, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=171, endPage=177, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320442570799436700, articleId=1320442570572944283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Association between self-efficacy and subjective well-being among older adults: a multi-center cross-sectional study, columnId=1320427696342020970, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Epidemiological Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To explore the association between self-efficacy and subjective well-being (SWB) among older adults, thus providing a scientific basis for developing measures to improve the SWB of older adults.
Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted from December 2018 to December 2023 among 27 352 older adults aged 65 and above, selected via a two-stage sampling method from 146 communities in 10 cities across China. The Chinese version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) was adopted to assess self-efficacy, and the Chinese version of the Personal Wellbeing Index for Adults (PWI-A) was used to assess SWB. A generalized linear regression model was employed to analyze the association between self-efficacy and SWB.
Results The 27 352 older adults showed the average SWB score of 52.76 ± 11.85 and the average self-efficacy score of 2.65 ± 0.72. The generalized linear regression model showed that without controlling for other factors, older adults with self-efficacy scores in the second (Q2), third (Q3), and fourth quartiles (Q4) had SWB scores 3.8 (95%CI: 3.4–4.2), 6.0 (95%CI: 5.6–6.3), and 11.0 (95%CI: 10.6–11.4) higher, respectively, than those with self-efficacy scores in the first quartile (Q1). After controlling for covariates, such as sex, age, and prevalence of chronic diseases, older adults with self-efficacy scores in Q2, Q3, and Q4 had SWB scores 2.5 (95%CI: 2.1–2.8), 4.0 (95%CI: 3.6–4.3), and 8.2 (95%CI: 7.8–8.6) higher than those with self-efficacy scores in Q1.
Conclusions There is a positive correlation between self-efficacy and SWB scores in older adults. Providing learning environments, psychological interventions, and improving physical health conditions can enhance the self-efficacy and SWB of older adults.
, authors=Zeyu HUANG, Junjia JIANG, Shitong YANG, Junling GAO, authorsList=Zeyu HUANG, Junjia JIANG, Shitong YANG, Junling GAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Junling GAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320442571877372831, articleId=1320442570572944283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=老年人自我效能与主观幸福感关联性：一项多中心横断面研究, columnId=1320427696509793132, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=流行病学研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 探讨老年人自我效能与主观幸福感的关联性，为制订改善老年人主观幸福感的措施提供科学依据。
方法 于2018年12月—2023年12月采用两阶段抽样方法，抽取全国10个城市146个社区年龄≥65岁的27 352名老年人进行问卷调查。自我效能采用一般自我效能感量表（GSES）中文版进行评价，主观幸福感采用中文版幸福指数量表（PWI-A）评价，应用多因素广义线性回归模型分析老年人自我效能与主观幸福感的关系。
结果 27 352名老年人主观幸福感平均得分为（52.76±11.85）分；自我效能平均得分为（2.65±0.72）分。广义线性回归模型分析结果显示，在不控制其他因素时，自我效能为第2（Q2）、第3（Q3）和第4四分位数（Q4）的老年人主观幸福感得分分别比自我效能为第1四分位数（Q1）的老年人高3.8分（95%CI=3.4～4.2）、6.0分（95%CI=5.6～6.3）和11.0分（95%CI=10.6～11.4）；控制性别、年龄、慢性病患病情况等协变量后，自我效能为Q2、Q3和Q4的老年人主观幸福感得分分别比自我效能为Q1的老年人高2.5分（95%CI=2.1～2.8）、4.0分（95%CI=3.6～4.3）和8.2分（95%CI=7.8～8.6）。
结论 老年人的自我效能与主观幸福感得分存在正相关关系，通过提供一定的学习环境、心理干预和改善身体健康状况，可以提升老年人群的自我效能和主观幸福感。
, authors=黄泽宇, 蒋俊佳, 杨诗彤, 高俊岭
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Comparison of subjective well-being and self-efficacy scores among older adults with different characteristics
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| 特征 | 主观幸福感得分 | H/Z | P值 | 自我效能感得分 | H/Z | P值 |
|---|
| M | Q1～Q3 | M | Q1～Q3 |
|---|
| 总计 | 55.0 | 46.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 年龄/岁 | | | 163.515 | <0.001 | | | 1 010.175 | <0.001 |
| 65 ～ 69 | 56.0 | 46.0～63.0 | | | 3.0 | 2.3～3.5 | | |
| 70 ～ 74 | 56.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.0 | | |
| 75 ～ 79 | 54.0 | 46.0～61.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| ≥ 80 | 53.0 | 44.0～61.0 | | | 2.4 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 性别 | | | −5.617 | <0.001 | | | −6.841 | <0.001 |
| 男性 | 55.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.0 | | |
| 女性 | 54.0 | 46.0～61.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 文化程度 | | | 580.594 | <0.001 | | | 2 129.981 | <0.001 |
| 小学以下 | 53.0 | 43.0～60.0 | | | 2.4 | 2.0～2.9 | | |
| 小学 | 56.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 初中 | 56.0 | 48.0～63.0 | | | 2.9 | 2.3～3.3 | | |
| 高中/中专/技校 | 56.0 | 49.0～62.0 | | | 3.0 | 2.5～3.6 | | |
| 大专及以上 | 57.0 | 51.0～63.0 | | | 3.0 | 2.5～3.7 | | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | −12.001 | <0.001 | | | −11.142 | <0.001 |
| 在婚 | 55.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.0 | | |
| 不在婚 | 53.0 | 44.0～61.0 | | | 2.5 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 人均月收入/元 | | | 188.785 | <0.001 | | | 386.297 | <0.001 |
| < 2 000 | 54.0 | 44.0～61.0 | | | 2.5 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 2 000 ～ 5 000 | 55.0 | 48.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.0 | | |
| > 5 000 | 56.0 | 49.0～63.0 | | | 2.8 | 2.2～3.1 | | |
| 地区 | | | −14.630 | <0.001 | | | −4.066 | <0.001 |
| 中东部 | 56.0 | 46.0～63.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 西北部 | 54.0 | 46.0～60.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 城市或农村 | | | −7.004 | <0.001 | | | −18.238 | <0.001 |
| 城市 | 55.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.1 | | |
| 农村 | 55.0 | 44.0～62.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 自评健康 | | | 4 481.941 | <0.001 | | | 1 479.162 | <0.001 |
| 很好 | 62.0 | 55.0～67.0 | | | 3.0 | 2.4～3.6 | | |
| 好 | 57.0 | 51.0～63.0 | | | 2.8 | 2.2～3.1 | | |
| 一般 | 51.0 | 42.0～58.0 | | | 2.5 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 很差或差 | 44.0 | 37.0～52.0 | | | 2.2 | 1.9～2.9 | | |
| 慢性病患病情况∕种 | | | 215.766 | <0.001 | | | 189.535 | <0.001 |
| 0 | 56.0 | 49.0～63.0 | | | 2.8 | 2.2～3.1 | | |
| 1 | 55.0 | 47.0～61.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 2 | 53.0 | 45.0～60.0 | | | 2.5 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| > 2 | 55.0 | 45.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.0～3.1 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1320442574058410944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320442570572944283, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
不同特征研究对象主观幸福感、自我效能得分比较
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| 特征 | 主观幸福感得分 | H/Z | P值 | 自我效能感得分 | H/Z | P值 |
|---|
| M | Q1～Q3 | M | Q1～Q3 |
|---|
| 总计 | 55.0 | 46.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 年龄/岁 | | | 163.515 | <0.001 | | | 1 010.175 | <0.001 |
| 65 ～ 69 | 56.0 | 46.0～63.0 | | | 3.0 | 2.3～3.5 | | |
| 70 ～ 74 | 56.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.0 | | |
| 75 ～ 79 | 54.0 | 46.0～61.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| ≥ 80 | 53.0 | 44.0～61.0 | | | 2.4 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 性别 | | | −5.617 | <0.001 | | | −6.841 | <0.001 |
| 男性 | 55.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.0 | | |
| 女性 | 54.0 | 46.0～61.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 文化程度 | | | 580.594 | <0.001 | | | 2 129.981 | <0.001 |
| 小学以下 | 53.0 | 43.0～60.0 | | | 2.4 | 2.0～2.9 | | |
| 小学 | 56.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 初中 | 56.0 | 48.0～63.0 | | | 2.9 | 2.3～3.3 | | |
| 高中/中专/技校 | 56.0 | 49.0～62.0 | | | 3.0 | 2.5～3.6 | | |
| 大专及以上 | 57.0 | 51.0～63.0 | | | 3.0 | 2.5～3.7 | | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | −12.001 | <0.001 | | | −11.142 | <0.001 |
| 在婚 | 55.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.0 | | |
| 不在婚 | 53.0 | 44.0～61.0 | | | 2.5 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 人均月收入/元 | | | 188.785 | <0.001 | | | 386.297 | <0.001 |
| < 2 000 | 54.0 | 44.0～61.0 | | | 2.5 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 2 000 ～ 5 000 | 55.0 | 48.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.0 | | |
| > 5 000 | 56.0 | 49.0～63.0 | | | 2.8 | 2.2～3.1 | | |
| 地区 | | | −14.630 | <0.001 | | | −4.066 | <0.001 |
| 中东部 | 56.0 | 46.0～63.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 西北部 | 54.0 | 46.0～60.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 城市或农村 | | | −7.004 | <0.001 | | | −18.238 | <0.001 |
| 城市 | 55.0 | 47.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.1～3.1 | | |
| 农村 | 55.0 | 44.0～62.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 自评健康 | | | 4 481.941 | <0.001 | | | 1 479.162 | <0.001 |
| 很好 | 62.0 | 55.0～67.0 | | | 3.0 | 2.4～3.6 | | |
| 好 | 57.0 | 51.0～63.0 | | | 2.8 | 2.2～3.1 | | |
| 一般 | 51.0 | 42.0～58.0 | | | 2.5 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 很差或差 | 44.0 | 37.0～52.0 | | | 2.2 | 1.9～2.9 | | |
| 慢性病患病情况∕种 | | | 215.766 | <0.001 | | | 189.535 | <0.001 |
| 0 | 56.0 | 49.0～63.0 | | | 2.8 | 2.2～3.1 | | |
| 1 | 55.0 | 47.0～61.0 | | | 2.6 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| 2 | 53.0 | 45.0～60.0 | | | 2.5 | 2.0～3.0 | | |
| > 2 | 55.0 | 45.0～62.0 | | | 2.7 | 2.0～3.1 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1320442574142297025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320442570572944283, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Results of the univariate analysis of self-efficacy and subjective well-being among older adults
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 自我效能分级 | 得分范围 | 人数 | 占比/% | 主观幸福感得分 |
|---|
| M | Q1～Q3 |
|---|
| Q1级 | 1.0～2.0 | 6990 | 25.6 | 49.0 | 40.0～57.0 |
| Q2级 | 2.1～2.6 | 6686 | 24.4 | 53.0 | 46.0～59.0 |
| Q3级 | 2.7～3.0 | 7456 | 27.3 | 56.0 | 48.0～62.0 |
| Q4级 | 3.1～4.0 | 6220 | 22.7 | 61.0 | 54.0～65.0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320442574217794498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320442570572944283, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
老年人自我效能与主观幸福感的单因素分析结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 自我效能分级 | 得分范围 | 人数 | 占比/% | 主观幸福感得分 |
|---|
| M | Q1～Q3 |
|---|
| Q1级 | 1.0～2.0 | 6990 | 25.6 | 49.0 | 40.0～57.0 |
| Q2级 | 2.1～2.6 | 6686 | 24.4 | 53.0 | 46.0～59.0 |
| Q3级 | 2.7～3.0 | 7456 | 27.3 | 56.0 | 48.0～62.0 |
| Q4级 | 3.1～4.0 | 6220 | 22.7 | 61.0 | 54.0～65.0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320442574352012227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320442570572944283, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Results of the multivariate linear regression analysis on the factors influencing subjective well-being
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征 | 参考组 | β | $ S_{\overline{x}} $ | 95%CI | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 自我效能 | | | | | | |
| Q2 | Q1 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 2.1～2.8 | 187.448 | <0.001 |
| Q3 | | 4.0 | 0.2 | 3.6～4.3 | 481.095 | <0.001 |
| Q4 | | 8.2 | 0.2 | 7.8～8.6 | 1 799.377 | <0.001 |
| 年龄/岁 | | | | | | |
| 70 ～ 74 | 65 ～ 69 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.7～1.4 | 33.718 | <0.001 |
| 75 ～ 79 | | 1.3 | 0.2 | 1.0～1.7 | 46.559 | <0.001 |
| ≥ 80 | | 1.2 | 0.2 | 0.8～1.6 | 30.470 | <0.001 |
| 性别 | | | | | | |
| 男性 | 女性 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2～0.7 | 10.083 | <0.005 |
| 文化程度 | | | | | | |
| 小学 | 小学以下 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.8～1.5 | 19.639 | <0.001 |
| 初中 | | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.4～1.1 | 8.473 | <0.001 |
| 高中/中专/技校 | | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.3～1.3 | 14.843 | 0.004 |
| 大专及以上 | | 1.6 | 0.4 | 0.9～2.3 | 47.817 | <0.001 |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | | | |
| 在婚 | 不在婚 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.6～1.2 | 28.427 | <0.001 |
| 人均月收入/元 | | | | | | |
| 2 000 ～ 5 000 | <2 000 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.5～1.1 | 20.023 | <0.001 |
| >5 000 | | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.7～1.7 | 22.492 | <0.001 |
| 农村或城市 | | | | | | |
| 农村 | 城市 | 0.2 | 0.1 | −0.1～0.4 | 0.177 | 0.674 |
| 地区 | | | | | | |
| 中东部 | 西北部 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1～0.7 | 1.759 | 0.185 |
| 自评健康 | | | | | | |
| 一般 | 差 | 5.2 | 0.2 | 4.7～5.7 | 460.794 | <0.001 |
| 好 | | 11.3 | 0.2 | 10.8～11.8 | 2 086.760 | <0.001 |
| 很好 | | 14.8 | 0.3 | 14.2～15.4 | 2 389.049 | <0.001 |
| 慢性病患病情况/种 | | | | | | |
| 1 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | −0.1～0.7 | 2.708 | 0.100 |
| 2 | | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2～1.0 | 7.155 | 0.007 |
| > 2 | | 2.0 | 0.2 | 1.6～2.4 | 113.663 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320442574440092612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320442570572944283, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
主观幸福感影响因素的多元线性回归分析结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征 | 参考组 | β | $ S_{\overline{x}} $ | 95%CI | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 自我效能 | | | | | | |
| Q2 | Q1 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 2.1～2.8 | 187.448 | <0.001 |
| Q3 | | 4.0 | 0.2 | 3.6～4.3 | 481.095 | <0.001 |
| Q4 | | 8.2 | 0.2 | 7.8～8.6 | 1 799.377 | <0.001 |
| 年龄/岁 | | | | | | |
| 70 ～ 74 | 65 ～ 69 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.7～1.4 | 33.718 | <0.001 |
| 75 ～ 79 | | 1.3 | 0.2 | 1.0～1.7 | 46.559 | <0.001 |
| ≥ 80 | | 1.2 | 0.2 | 0.8～1.6 | 30.470 | <0.001 |
| 性别 | | | | | | |
| 男性 | 女性 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2～0.7 | 10.083 | <0.005 |
| 文化程度 | | | | | | |
| 小学 | 小学以下 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.8～1.5 | 19.639 | <0.001 |
| 初中 | | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.4～1.1 | 8.473 | <0.001 |
| 高中/中专/技校 | | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.3～1.3 | 14.843 | 0.004 |
| 大专及以上 | | 1.6 | 0.4 | 0.9～2.3 | 47.817 | <0.001 |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | | | |
| 在婚 | 不在婚 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.6～1.2 | 28.427 | <0.001 |
| 人均月收入/元 | | | | | | |
| 2 000 ～ 5 000 | <2 000 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.5～1.1 | 20.023 | <0.001 |
| >5 000 | | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.7～1.7 | 22.492 | <0.001 |
| 农村或城市 | | | | | | |
| 农村 | 城市 | 0.2 | 0.1 | −0.1～0.4 | 0.177 | 0.674 |
| 地区 | | | | | | |
| 中东部 | 西北部 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1～0.7 | 1.759 | 0.185 |
| 自评健康 | | | | | | |
| 一般 | 差 | 5.2 | 0.2 | 4.7～5.7 | 460.794 | <0.001 |
| 好 | | 11.3 | 0.2 | 10.8～11.8 | 2 086.760 | <0.001 |
| 很好 | | 14.8 | 0.3 | 14.2～15.4 | 2 389.049 | <0.001 |
| 慢性病患病情况/种 | | | | | | |
| 1 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | −0.1～0.7 | 2.708 | 0.100 |
| 2 | | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2～1.0 | 7.155 | 0.007 |
| > 2 | | 2.0 | 0.2 | 1.6～2.4 | 113.663 | <0.001 |
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