Article(id=1320428856197108537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1149898, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1768492800000, receivedDateStr=2026-01-16, revisedDate=1772899200000, revisedDateStr=2026-03-08, acceptedDate=1776009600000, acceptedDateStr=2026-04-13, onlineDate=1792744371699, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1788969600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792744371699, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792744371699, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792744371699, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320428830876086873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2026', volume='42', issue='9', pageStart='1025', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1788969600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792744365662, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792746244140, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320436709859381360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320436709859381361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1039, endPage=1043, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320428859036652348, articleId=1320428856197108537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Statistical competence of clinicians in the context of emerging medical education and digital-intelligent medicine: composition and educational implications, columnId=1320428832075657818, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Special Report—Innovating Health Workforce Development, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In the context of emerging medical education, statistical competence has become an essential core competence for clinicians engaged in evidence-based decision-making and medical research. With the increasing adoption of data-driven medical paradigms such as real-world evidence, multivariable prediction models, and AI-assisted clinical decision-support systems, clinicians are required not only to understand statistical analysis results but also to assess model applicability, generalizability, and potential sources of bias in clinical practice. Drawing on available literature, policy directions, and teaching practices, this study theoretically re-conceptualizes the statistical competence required for clinicians in the current healthcare environments. We propose a three-tier competence framework consisting of statistical literacy, statistical competence, and data reasoning competence, and further delineate six corresponding competence domains. Using this integrated competence framework, this study explores potential pedagogical mappings in curriculum design, contextualized teaching strategies, and assessment approaches aligned with competence-oriented learning outcomes. This framework is intended to provide a conceptual basis for redefining the training objectives of clinicians′ statistical competence in the context of emerging medical education.

, authors=Xinyu FANG, Jing WANG, Yinguang FAN, Ruixue LENG, Guixia PAN, Yanfeng ZOU, Bin WANG, Faming PAN, Shasha TAO, Haifeng PAN, Juncheng MA, authorsList=Xinyu FANG, Jing WANG, Yinguang FAN, Ruixue LENG, Guixia PAN, Yanfeng ZOU, Bin WANG, Faming PAN, Shasha TAO, Haifeng PAN, Juncheng MA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Juncheng MA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
MA Juncheng, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320428860236223295, articleId=1320428856197108537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=“新医科”与数智医学背景下临床医生统计学能力构成及教学启示, columnId=1320428832243429980, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=专题报道——卫生人才培养新路径, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

在“新医科”建设背景下,统计学能力已成为临床医生开展循证决策与医学研究的重要核心素养。随着真实世界研究、多变量预测模型及人工智能辅助决策等数据驱动医学模式的发展,临床医生在实践中不仅需要理解统计分析结果,更需具备对模型适用性、外推性及潜在偏倚风险的判断能力。基于既往文献和“新医科”政策导向与教学实践,本文从能力结构重构视角出发,对临床医生在现代医疗环境中所需统计能力的内涵进行理论界定,提出以统计素养、统计应用能力与数据推理能力为核心的3层整合能力结构模型,并在此基础上进一步细化为6个能力维度。在上述能力框架下,探讨能力导向课程体系、情境化教学模式及评价反馈机制的教学映射路径,以期为“新医科”背景下临床医生统计学能力培养目标的界定提供理论参考。

, authors=方心宇, 王静, 范引光, 冷瑞雪, 潘贵霞, 邹延峰, 王斌, 潘发明, 陶莎莎, 潘海峰, 马军成*, *, authorsList=方心宇, 王静, 范引光, 冷瑞雪, 潘贵霞, 邹延峰, 王斌, 潘发明, 陶莎莎, 潘海峰, 马军成, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=马军成, authorNote=

方心宇(1990—),副教授,博士,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

, correspAuthorsNote=
马军成,E-mail:
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“新医科”与数智医学背景下临床医生统计学能力构成及教学启示
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方心宇 , 王静 , 范引光 , 冷瑞雪 , 潘贵霞 , 邹延峰 , 王斌 , 潘发明 , 陶莎莎 , 潘海峰 , 马军成 *, *
中国公共卫生 | 专题报道——卫生人才培养新路径 2026,42(9): 1039-1043
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中国公共卫生 |专题报道——卫生人才培养新路径 2026 , 42 (9) : 1039 -1043
“新医科”与数智医学背景下临床医生统计学能力构成及教学启示
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方心宇, 王静, 范引光, 冷瑞雪, 潘贵霞, 邹延峰, 王斌, 潘发明, 陶莎莎, 潘海峰, 马军成*, *
作者信息
  • 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计学系,合肥 231200
通讯作者:
马军成,E-mail:
作者简介:

方心宇(1990—),副教授,博士,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

Statistical competence of clinicians in the context of emerging medical education and digital-intelligent medicine: composition and educational implications
Xinyu FANG, Jing WANG, Yinguang FAN, Ruixue LENG, Guixia PAN, Yanfeng ZOU, Bin WANG, Faming PAN, Shasha TAO, Haifeng PAN, Juncheng MA
Affiliations
  • Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 231200, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    MA Juncheng, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-09-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1149898
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在“新医科”建设背景下,统计学能力已成为临床医生开展循证决策与医学研究的重要核心素养。随着真实世界研究、多变量预测模型及人工智能辅助决策等数据驱动医学模式的发展,临床医生在实践中不仅需要理解统计分析结果,更需具备对模型适用性、外推性及潜在偏倚风险的判断能力。基于既往文献和“新医科”政策导向与教学实践,本文从能力结构重构视角出发,对临床医生在现代医疗环境中所需统计能力的内涵进行理论界定,提出以统计素养、统计应用能力与数据推理能力为核心的3层整合能力结构模型,并在此基础上进一步细化为6个能力维度。在上述能力框架下,探讨能力导向课程体系、情境化教学模式及评价反馈机制的教学映射路径,以期为“新医科”背景下临床医生统计学能力培养目标的界定提供理论参考。

临床医生  /  统计素养  /  课程思政  /  能力结构模型  /  新医科  /  循证决策

In the context of emerging medical education, statistical competence has become an essential core competence for clinicians engaged in evidence-based decision-making and medical research. With the increasing adoption of data-driven medical paradigms such as real-world evidence, multivariable prediction models, and AI-assisted clinical decision-support systems, clinicians are required not only to understand statistical analysis results but also to assess model applicability, generalizability, and potential sources of bias in clinical practice. Drawing on available literature, policy directions, and teaching practices, this study theoretically re-conceptualizes the statistical competence required for clinicians in the current healthcare environments. We propose a three-tier competence framework consisting of statistical literacy, statistical competence, and data reasoning competence, and further delineate six corresponding competence domains. Using this integrated competence framework, this study explores potential pedagogical mappings in curriculum design, contextualized teaching strategies, and assessment approaches aligned with competence-oriented learning outcomes. This framework is intended to provide a conceptual basis for redefining the training objectives of clinicians′ statistical competence in the context of emerging medical education.

clinician  /  statistical literacy  /  curriculum-embedded ideological and political education  /  competence framework  /  new medical science  /  evidence-based decision-making
方心宇, 王静, 范引光, 冷瑞雪, 潘贵霞, 邹延峰, 王斌, 潘发明, 陶莎莎, 潘海峰, 马军成. “新医科”与数智医学背景下临床医生统计学能力构成及教学启示. 中国公共卫生, 2026 , 42 (9) : 1039 -1043 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1149898
Xinyu FANG, Jing WANG, Yinguang FAN, Ruixue LENG, Guixia PAN, Yanfeng ZOU, Bin WANG, Faming PAN, Shasha TAO, Haifeng PAN, Juncheng MA. Statistical competence of clinicians in the context of emerging medical education and digital-intelligent medicine: composition and educational implications[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2026 , 42 (9) : 1039 -1043 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1149898
随着我国医学模式从“以疾病为中心”转向“以健康为中心”,医疗服务对临床医生综合能力提出了更高要求。《教育强国建设规划纲要(2024—2035年)》明确指出要深化“新医科”建设,推动医工融合并实施卓越医师人才培养计划[1]。在此背景下,临床医生的培养目标正由单一技术型人才向具备数据驱动决策、循证评价和医学创新复合型人才转变。统计学能力是医学科学研究、临床诊疗决策与健康管理的重要核心素养,同时也体现为以证据对患者负责的职业伦理要求。随着数智医学快速发展,临床证据的产生方式正由传统随机对照试验逐步向真实世界研究、多变量预测模型及AI辅助决策系统拓展。由此,临床医生在循证决策过程中,不仅需要理解统计分析结果,更需对模型适用性、外推性及潜在偏倚风险进行基本判断。相应的临床医生统计学能力的内涵,也正在由侧重方法掌握与结果计算,转向更强调证据解读、模型解释与数据推理。然而,传统以统计计算和方法记忆为核心的统计素养框架,已难以充分回应“新医科”背景下临床决策情境对医生能力的新要求。已有研究表明,统计学能力不足已成为临床医生在文献解读、科研设计和循证决策中的主要瓶颈,进而严重影响了循证临床决策,最终削弱医疗公信力与医患互信[2–6]。一项针对277名住院医师的调查研究显示,住院医师中仅11.9%能正确解释置信区间,37.4%能理解多变量回归中的校正比值比[7]。另一项对898名临床医生的研究结果也表明,在自认为具备良好统计学能力的受访者中,多数医生在P值解读、效应判断、敏感度与特异度等关键指标方面的理解不足[8]。因此,提升临床医生统计学能力已成为“新医科”背景下医学教育改革的关键任务。鉴于上述背景与现实需求,本研究旨在“新医科”建设的总体理念下,对临床医生在现代医疗环境中所需统计学能力的内涵进行理论界定,并在此基础上构建面向临床决策情境的能力结构框架。
基于文献和实践经验[2,9–14],本文认为,临床医生统计学能力应由单一的统计素养或统计应用能力拓展为统计素养(statistical literacy)、统计应用能力(statistical competence)与数据推理能力(data reasoning competence)3层整合结构。其中,统计素养强调对数据与统计结果的理解与判断,统计应用能力侧重基本数据处理与统计分析操作,而数据推理能力则体现为在临床情境中对研究设计质量、潜在偏倚及模型输出结果的解释与应用能力。
基于上述能力结构划分,进一步从临床决策所涉及的数据理解、证据评价与研究规范等实际任务出发,对临床医生统计学能力的具体内涵进行维度化细分。如图1所示,在统计素养—统计应用能力—数据推理能力3层结构下,临床医生统计学能力可进一步细化为6个能力维度:(1)识别统计误用与批判性思维能力(如图表误导识别、研究偏倚判断等);(2)变异与不确定性意识(如效应量与置信区间解读等);(3)证据解读与风险沟通能力(如绝对风险表达等);(4)数据意识与数据整理能力(如变量界定与数据清理等);(5)研究设计理解与因果推断意识(如不同研究设计的偏倚控制能力等);(6)研究规范与质量控制思维(如研究方案设计与统计分析计划意识等)。其中,识别统计误用能力、变异与不确定性意识以及证据解读与风险沟通能力主要体现统计素养层面的要求;数据意识与数据整理能力属于统计应用能力层面的核心内容;研究设计理解与因果推断意识,以及研究规范与质量控制思维则反映临床情境下的数据推理能力需求,是连接统计分析结果与临床决策的重要中介环节。
在上述能力结构模型下,统计素养、统计应用能力与数据推理能力的培养目标,需在课程体系中形成相应的阶段性学习任务。而在“新医科”背景下,若统计学课程目标仍停留在手工计算与方法记忆,即便教学形式更迭,也难以回应临床实践对数据理解与证据解读能力的系统性要求。因此,课程设计应以“能力导向”为核心、以明确的终期学习成果为起点,反向重构教学内容、教学顺序与学习路径,将统计学学习由短期孤立的“方法课”转为贯穿医学人才培养全周期的纵向主线,并通过课程思政实现价值塑造与能力训练同向并行。当前医科院校虽已开始开展以能力导向为核心的统计教学改革,但相关改革多聚焦于统计学方法应用能力的提升,而对模型化证据理解及其在临床决策中的适用性判断关注不足。
课程体系重构的起点在于院校层面明确医学生与未来临床医生应达到的统计学核心能力,并将其分解到不同培养阶段与真实学习任务中。本科阶段,以统计素养与概念理解为主,强调对变异、不确定性、效应量与图表信息的基本理解,使其“看得懂、不被误导”。研究生与科研训练阶段,强化研究设计、数据整理与统计分析,使其“能设计、会分析”。住院医师规范化培训与临床阶段,聚焦循证决策与风险沟通,使其“善解释、敢应用”。为避免统计学学习“短期化、工具化”,应采用纵向整合与间隔学习思路。低年级设置导论与核心概念训练,中间穿插在系统课程与专业课程中,以文献阅读、病例讨论反复嵌入统计学任务;高年级与科研/临床见习阶段以研究方案设计、结题报告、病例系列分析等综合任务促使迁移应用;在总体课程框架之下,还可设置若干灵活模块,为具有不同兴趣取向和科研潜力的学生提供差异化学习路径。例如,可借鉴“个人经验路径(personal experience pathway)”等纵向课程模式,围绕科研实践设置贯穿多个学年的统计学学习。低年级侧重学术写作、文献阅读与基本指标理解。中高年级结合学生自主科研或毕业论文,强化研究问题界定、方法选择与结果表达。住院医师规范化培训及继续教育阶段则聚焦临床试验解读、指南证据评价与风险沟通能力。在这一过程中,统计学被明确定位为“支撑科研与优化临床决策的工具”,而非一门孤立的理论学科,从而增强学生的学习动机与实践投入度。
统计学概念具有层级依赖与一定反直觉性,若不遵循认知规律,容易导致“公式记忆”而非“概念理解”。课程内容的选择与排序应从基础概念与直观理解出发,先夯实描述统计、数据可视化以及变异、分布与关联等核心概念,再逐步引入相关分析、回归分析与诊断试验评价指标,最后进入多变量建模与真实世界数据分析,避免“跳阶式”呈现复杂方法;同时在关键节点引导学生回答“证据是否可解释、结论是否负责任”,将循证、诚信与责任等价值判断自然嵌入统计学学习过程,促进从“会做题”走向“会用证据”。
在临床课程高度拥挤的现实条件下,统计学教学改革的关键并非简单增加学时,而是通过多学科协同提升单位学时的学习收益。应由临床医学教师、统计学教师与教育学专家共同商议课程取舍与整合路径:一方面压缩重复性强、以记忆为主的内容,把课堂时间用于核心概念的深度理解与临床情境中的应用训练;另一方面将部分数学推导与软件操作细节转移到线上课程(MOOC)、模块化训练或自学单元,通过“线上—线下结合”“翻转课堂+任务驱动”延展学习时间并缓解课表压力。课程设计的核心目标不在于“尽快讲完所有方法”,而在于让学习者在不同阶段反复接触并真正用得上关键概念与统计学思维,从而为后续教学模式与评价机制改革奠定结构基础。
在以临床需求为导向重构课程体系的基础上,统计学能力能否真正转化为临床实践能力,在很大程度上取决于教学模式是否符合医学生的认知规律与临床情境特点。传统医学统计学教学多围绕公式推导与方法罗列展开,辅以演示式上机操作,学生往往只停留在“会做题、会点按钮”的层面,难以形成对统计学概念的深度理解,更难将其迁移至科研设计、证据解读和临床决策中。为此,医学统计学教学亟需从“方法讲授型”转向“认知建构—任务驱动—沟通导向—情境融合”的综合改革路径。在预测模型、真实世界研究及AI辅助决策逐步进入临床路径的背景下,临床医生统计学能力培养目标需由传统统计应用能力进一步拓展至模型解释与证据适用性判断能力,以支持数据驱动医学情境下的临床决策过程。
初学者难以在短时间内自主建构完整认知图式,应以示范例题、半完成任务与结构化学习材料为核心,先帮助学生形成“从临床问题→统计分析→临床解释”的推理框架,再逐步淡化支持,过渡到自主完成统计报表与文献解读;同时依据认知负荷理论,在任务逼真度、复杂度与教学支持之间动态平衡,采用由“低逼真度—中等复杂度—高支持”向“高逼真度—较高复杂度—低支持”渐进过渡的任务链条。早期用简化数据与可视化图示强化核心概念(如变异、效应量、置信区间等),中后期引入真实临床数据、指南证据与科研论文,通过数据分析报告、病例系列研究等综合任务促进迁移,并随学习进展调节支架强度,避免“负荷过载”或“负荷不足”。
在循证医学与共同决策模式下,临床医生还承担着向患者和多学科团队准确解释统计信息的重要职责。因此,在教学实践中,应有意识地淡化公式本身的数学推导,强化统计结果在临床语境中的解释功能。例如,在讲授敏感度、特异度和预测值时,可采用“每100人中有多少人真正患病、多少人被误诊”的频率表述方式,帮助学生建立面向临床决策的直觉理解。在风险讲解中,强调绝对风险差、需治疗人数等更符合患者理解方式的指标。在课堂讨论与作业设计中,增加“如何向患者解释该结果”“如何在多学科团队中呈现证据”的训练,要求学生清晰表达不确定性,避免以“数据权威”压制患者,以可操作的沟通训练落实共同决策理念与职业伦理。
在教学组织形式上,医学统计学教学应与问题导向学习(PBL)、案例学习(case-based learning)、翻转课堂等模式深度融合。结合校内外MOOC、暑期统计学模块及远程授权软件,可将部分知识性与操作性内容转移至课外自定进度学习,使课堂时间更多用于高阶讨论、临床解释、伦理权衡与方法反思,形成“线上线下融合”的混合式教学结构。通过将统计学任务嵌入临床案例、系统课程和学科模块,使学生在学习解剖、内科、影像等专业内容的同时,反复接触文献证据、诊断试验评价和预后模型应用,逐步消解“统计学是独立抽象学科”的刻板认知。此外,协作学习是统计学教学中尤为关键但长期被低估的环节。通过小组讨论、联合完成数据分析报告和文献评读,能促使学生在解释、质疑、反馈中澄清概念并修正推理,兼顾统计推理与沟通能力的同步提升。
在能力导向课程体系与情境化教学模式的基础上,评价与反馈机制决定统计学能力能否实现“从课堂到临床”的迁移应用。若评价仍以选择题或公式计算为主的终结性考试为核心,即使课程目标已转向统计思维与证据应用,学习取向仍可能被“应试逻辑”牵引。因此,“新医科”背景下医学统计学评价体系应由“方法考核”转向“能力评价”、由“结果评价”转向“过程—结果并重”,并将科研诚信、数据伦理与风险沟通等职业要求纳入评价标准。
评价目标应对齐临床医生统计素养与胜任力的终期要求,而非仅服务于课程内容本身。能力导向评价应围绕临床医生统计学素养展开,重点考察对变异与不确定性的判断、对数据质量与变量定义/缺失处理的规范意识、对研究设计与混杂控制的理解、对统计结果的证据解读与风险沟通能力,以及对统计误用与证据局限的辨识能力;同时把科研诚信、数据使用合规与风险表达的诚实性、可理解性明确纳入评价维度,使学生认识到高质量统计学学习不仅是“算对”,更是“规范、透明、可解释并对患者负责”。
统计学能力具有过程性与累积性,应采用形成性评价与终结性评价相结合的结构。形成性评价可围绕文献解读报告、数据整理作业、小型科研方案设计、统计结果解释说明等载体,关注学生能否正确理解效应量与置信区间、识别潜在混杂、用通俗语言表达风险并如实呈现不确定性;终结性评价宜采用综合性案例分析或综合数据分析任务,在真实或拟真临床语境下考察“用统计学解决问题”的综合能力而非计算熟练度。评价内容亦应由抽象题目转向临床情境化任务,例如围绕指南推荐、随机对照试验或真实世界研究数据,设置解释风险比及其置信区间的临床意义、比较治疗方案的绝对风险差与需治疗人数等任务,使评价本身成为“以用促学”的学习过程;同时引入协作式评价,如小组完成文献评读、数据分析项目或病例系列研究,综合考察方法选择的合理性、解释逻辑的一致性、风险表达的清晰度及团队分工论证过程,以模拟多学科协作解读证据与共同决策的工作情境,促进统计沟通能力发展。
评价的最终目的并非简单“分层筛选”,而在于通过有效反馈调节学习路径与教学策略。因此,在评价结果的应用上,应注重构建“评价—反馈—改进”的闭环机制。一方面,教师可依据学生在数据整理、结果解释和风险表达方面的共性问题,动态调整后续教学重点;另一方面,学生也可基于阶段性评价反馈,明确自身在统计学概念理解、科研设计或证据沟通方面的薄弱环节,从而实现有针对性的补强。在条件允许的情况下,还可结合学习日志、电子学习档案等方式,长期记录学生统计学能力的成长轨迹,使统计学能力评价由“横截面判断”转向“纵向发展追踪”,并通过持续反馈推动其形成稳定的循证责任与诚信自觉。
在“新医科”建设全面推进、医学研究范式与临床诊疗模式加速转型的背景下,医学统计学教学已不再是单纯的“基础方法课程”,而是支撑循证医学、临床决策与医学创新的重要能力的基础。医学统计学教学改革的重点,不仅在于课程内容与教学形式的调整,更在于培养目标从传统统计计算能力向数据推理能力的转变。相比现有的以统计方法应用为核心的能力导向教学实践,本文进一步提出面向数据驱动决策的数据推理能力概念,以期为“新医科”背景下统计学教学目标的重新定位提供理论依据。未来医学统计教育的深化改革,应进一步在以下方面形成长效机制。
“新医科”建设强调以健康为中心、以数据为支撑、以交叉为特征的人才培养新模式。因此,医学统计学教学改革应进一步从“课程层面优化”上升到“人才培养体系对接”的高度,在毕业要求、培养质量标准与能力评价指标中明确其作为临床胜任力的重要组成部分。同时,强化医教协同与学科交叉,通过临床医学、统计学与教育学等多主体共同参与课程设计、案例共建与教学实施(如联合备课、项目式教学、科研训练与毕业论文联合指导),并建设共享的高质量案例库与数据资源库,使统计学能力在真实问题中可学、可用、可评价。
人工智能、大数据、真实世界研究和智能诊疗系统的快速发展,正在重塑医学研究与临床实践模式。医学统计学教学应主动顺应“数智医学”发展趋势,从单一方法教学转向“数据—证据—决策”一体化能力培养。在适度引入真实世界数据、多变量预测与模型评价等内容的同时,更强调对不确定性、适用人群与解释边界的训练,防止“技术崇拜”替代“循证判断”。同时,将统计沟通系统融入教学,把绝对/相对风险、频率表达、风险可视化等转化为可操作的沟通训练,通过模拟医患沟通、病例讨论与多学科会诊等场景反复练习“讲清统计结果、讲明证据、讲透风险”,以支持循证实践与共同决策。
统计学能力并非一次性形成,而是伴随医学实践不断更新与强化的终身能力。在医学知识快速迭代和诊疗技术持续革新的背景下,临床医生面临的统计学问题也日趋复杂。因此,未来改革还应从本科—研究生—住院医师规范化培训—继续教育的全生命周期视角,系统构建临床医生统计学能力的持续发展机制。可依托在线课程平台、医学继续教育项目、循证医学培训班等载体,形成分层分类的统计学能力提升通道。通过结合真实世界研究项目、质量改进项目和多中心研究实践,使临床医生在实际工作中持续打磨统计素养、统计胜任力与统计沟通能力,真正实现“学以致用、用以促学”的良性循环。
综上所述,面向“新医科”的医学统计学教学改革不应局限于课程结构或教学方法的局部调整,而应立足医学教育现代化与健康中国战略的整体高度,构建以能力为导向、以临床为场景、以数据为支撑、以沟通为目标、以诚信与患者利益为底线的系统化培养体系。归根结底,这一改革不仅是教学技术的更新,更是医学职业精神的再塑。未来临床医生在面对数据与不确定性时,应既有能力做出循证判断,也有品格坚守真实与规范,既能用统计工具服务科研创新,更能以诚实清晰、以患者为中心的方式沟通风险并共同决策,从而把“科学决策”落实为“对生命负责”的专业伦理实践。

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2026年第42卷第9期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1149898
  • 接收时间:2026-01-16
  • 首发时间:2026-10-23
  • 出版时间:2026-09-10
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  • 收稿日期:2026-01-16
  • 修回日期:2026-03-08
  • 录用日期:2026-04-13
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    安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计学系,合肥 231200

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属
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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