Article(id=1320427669884354708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320427658937225679, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1149386, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1763740800000, receivedDateStr=2025-11-22, revisedDate=1770739200000, revisedDateStr=2026-02-11, acceptedDate=1774886400000, acceptedDateStr=2026-03-31, onlineDate=1792744088860, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1786291200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792744088860, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792744088860, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792744088860, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320427658937225679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2026', volume='42', issue='8', pageStart='897', pageEnd='1024', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1786291200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792744086250, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792747993375, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320444046678544663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320427658937225679, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320444046678544664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320427658937225679, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1007, endPage=1012, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320427670198927510, articleId=1320427669884354708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Association between erectile dysfunction and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of cohort studies, columnId=1320427670123430037, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Evidence-Based Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), thus providing a theoretical basis for identifying the potential clinical value of ED in CHD risk prediction.

Methods

The English-language cohort studies on the association between ED and CHD published worldwide were systematically retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, supplemented by reference tracing, with the time interval from database inception to September 11, 2025. A meta-analysis of the included studies was performed in Stata 18.0.

Results

Finally, 7 cohort studies involving 14 397 participants with 1 395 incident cases of CHD were included. Meta-analysis showed that individuals with ED had a CHD risk 1.41 fold (RR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.28–1.56) of that among those without ED. Subgroup analyses revealed that ED was associated with an increased risk of CHD across subgroups stratified by age (≤70 years vs. >70 years), follow-up duration (≤5 years vs. >5 years), and ED diagnostic criteria (5-item International Index of Erectile Function [IIEF-5] vs. self-reported ED), with all P-values < 0.05. Sensitivity analyses and tests for publication bias indicated no significant publication bias among the included studies, and the overall results were robust and stable.

Conclusions

ED may be associated with an elevated risk of CHD.

, authors=Wanxia ZHAO1, Qunzhang ZHAN1, Chongzheng QU2, authorsList=Wanxia ZHAO, Qunzhang ZHAN, Chongzheng QU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Chongzheng QU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
QU Chongzheng, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320427673533399200, articleId=1320427669884354708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=勃起功能障碍与冠心病发病关系:一项基于队列研究的荟萃分析, columnId=1320427670287007895, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=循证医学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨勃起功能障碍(ED)与冠心病(CHD)发病之间的相关性,为明确ED在CHD风险预测中的潜在应用价值提供参考依据。

方法

检索PubMed数据库、Web of Science数据库、Scopus数据库和Embase数据库,并辅以文献追溯法收集各数据库自建库至2025年9月11日国内外公开发表的有关ED与CHD发病关系相关英文队列研究文献,并应用Stata 18.0软件对纳入的文献进行荟萃分析。

结果

最终纳入7个队列研究,涉及了14 397名参与者中的1 395例新发CHD病例。荟萃分析结果显示,ED人群CHD的发病风险为非ED人群的1.41倍(RR=1.41,95%CI=1.28~1.56);亚组分析结果显示,ED在年龄≤70岁和>70岁、随访时长≤5年和>5年、ED诊断标准为国际勃起功能指数简化版(IIEF-5)和自我报告亚组中均可增加CHD的发病风险(均P<0.05);敏感性分析和发表偏倚检验结果均显示,本次荟萃分析纳入的文献不存在发表偏倚,结果较为稳定。

结论

ED可能会增加CHD的发病风险。

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赵万霞(2000—),硕士在读,研究方向:中医针药治疗筋伤疾病

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曲崇正,E-mail:
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Basic characteristics of included studies

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第一作者发表年份研究地区研究类型年龄/岁随访时长样本量/人ED诊断标准NOS评分/分
Roumeguère T [19]2003比利时前瞻性队列研究(人群筛查队列)35~7510年315IIEF-57
Ponholzer A[20]2005奥地利前瞻性队列研究(人群筛查队列)30~6910年2 495IIEF-57
Ma R C[21]2008中国香港前瞻性队列研究54.2±12.7中位随访4.0年2 306自我报告9
Gazzaruso C[22]2008意大利前瞻性队列研究54.8±7.3(47.2±21.8)个月291IIEF-57
Ponholzer A [23]2010奥地利前瞻性队列研究45±12平均6.5年2 506IIEF-56
Batty G D[24]201020个国家前瞻性队列研究55~885年6304自我报告8
Iacona R[25]2017意大利前瞻性队列研究40~805.1年180IIEF-57
), ArticleFig(id=1320427679237652685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320427669884354708, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

纳入文献基本特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
第一作者发表年份研究地区研究类型年龄/岁随访时长样本量/人ED诊断标准NOS评分/分
Roumeguère T [19]2003比利时前瞻性队列研究(人群筛查队列)35~7510年315IIEF-57
Ponholzer A[20]2005奥地利前瞻性队列研究(人群筛查队列)30~6910年2 495IIEF-57
Ma R C[21]2008中国香港前瞻性队列研究54.2±12.7中位随访4.0年2 306自我报告9
Gazzaruso C[22]2008意大利前瞻性队列研究54.8±7.3(47.2±21.8)个月291IIEF-57
Ponholzer A [23]2010奥地利前瞻性队列研究45±12平均6.5年2 506IIEF-56
Batty G D[24]201020个国家前瞻性队列研究55~885年6304自我报告8
Iacona R[25]2017意大利前瞻性队列研究40~805.1年180IIEF-57
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Subgroup analysis of the association between ED and the risk of CHD

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特征分类文献数/篇异质性P值效应模型效应值P值
I2值Q值RR值95%CI
年龄/岁≤7044.40%3.140.37固定效应模型1.521.25~1.84<0.001
>70353.40%4.290.12随机效应模型1.371.08~1.740.010
随访时长/年≤520.00%0.670.41固定效应模型1.871.35~2.58<0.001
>558.10%4.350.36固定效应模型1.371.23~1.52<0.001
ED诊断标准IIEF-5535.20%6.170.19固定效应模型1.451.22~1.72<0.001
自我报告246.60%1.870.17固定效应模型1.401.23~1.58<0.001
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ED与CHD发病风险的亚组分析

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特征分类文献数/篇异质性P值效应模型效应值P值
I2值Q值RR值95%CI
年龄/岁≤7044.40%3.140.37固定效应模型1.521.25~1.84<0.001
>70353.40%4.290.12随机效应模型1.371.08~1.740.010
随访时长/年≤520.00%0.670.41固定效应模型1.871.35~2.58<0.001
>558.10%4.350.36固定效应模型1.371.23~1.52<0.001
ED诊断标准IIEF-5535.20%6.170.19固定效应模型1.451.22~1.72<0.001
自我报告246.60%1.870.17固定效应模型1.401.23~1.58<0.001
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勃起功能障碍与冠心病发病关系:一项基于队列研究的荟萃分析
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赵万霞 1 , 詹群璋 1 , 曲崇正 2, *, *
中国公共卫生 | 循证医学 2026,42(8): 1007-1012
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中国公共卫生 |循证医学 2026 , 42 (8) : 1007 -1012
勃起功能障碍与冠心病发病关系:一项基于队列研究的荟萃分析
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赵万霞(2000—),硕士在读,研究方向:中医针药治疗筋伤疾病

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赵万霞1, 詹群璋1, 曲崇正2, *, *
作者信息
  • 1广州中医药大学第三临床医学院,广州 510405
  • 2广州中医药大学第三附属医院针灸推拿科,广州 510378
通讯作者:
曲崇正,E-mail:
作者简介:

赵万霞(2000—),硕士在读,研究方向:中医针药治疗筋伤疾病

Association between erectile dysfunction and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of cohort studies
Wanxia ZHAO1, Qunzhang ZHAN1, Chongzheng QU2
Affiliations
  • 1The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
  • 2Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    QU Chongzheng, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-08-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1149386
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目的

探讨勃起功能障碍(ED)与冠心病(CHD)发病之间的相关性,为明确ED在CHD风险预测中的潜在应用价值提供参考依据。

方法

检索PubMed数据库、Web of Science数据库、Scopus数据库和Embase数据库,并辅以文献追溯法收集各数据库自建库至2025年9月11日国内外公开发表的有关ED与CHD发病关系相关英文队列研究文献,并应用Stata 18.0软件对纳入的文献进行荟萃分析。

结果

最终纳入7个队列研究,涉及了14 397名参与者中的1 395例新发CHD病例。荟萃分析结果显示,ED人群CHD的发病风险为非ED人群的1.41倍(RR=1.41,95%CI=1.28~1.56);亚组分析结果显示,ED在年龄≤70岁和>70岁、随访时长≤5年和>5年、ED诊断标准为国际勃起功能指数简化版(IIEF-5)和自我报告亚组中均可增加CHD的发病风险(均P<0.05);敏感性分析和发表偏倚检验结果均显示,本次荟萃分析纳入的文献不存在发表偏倚,结果较为稳定。

结论

ED可能会增加CHD的发病风险。

勃起功能障碍(ED)  /  冠心病(CHD)  /  发病风险  /  关系  /  队列研究  /  荟萃分析
Objective

To explore the association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), thus providing a theoretical basis for identifying the potential clinical value of ED in CHD risk prediction.

Methods

The English-language cohort studies on the association between ED and CHD published worldwide were systematically retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, supplemented by reference tracing, with the time interval from database inception to September 11, 2025. A meta-analysis of the included studies was performed in Stata 18.0.

Results

Finally, 7 cohort studies involving 14 397 participants with 1 395 incident cases of CHD were included. Meta-analysis showed that individuals with ED had a CHD risk 1.41 fold (RR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.28–1.56) of that among those without ED. Subgroup analyses revealed that ED was associated with an increased risk of CHD across subgroups stratified by age (≤70 years vs. >70 years), follow-up duration (≤5 years vs. >5 years), and ED diagnostic criteria (5-item International Index of Erectile Function [IIEF-5] vs. self-reported ED), with all P-values < 0.05. Sensitivity analyses and tests for publication bias indicated no significant publication bias among the included studies, and the overall results were robust and stable.

Conclusions

ED may be associated with an elevated risk of CHD.

erectile dysfunction (ED)  /  coronary heart disease (CHD)  /  incidence risk  /  relationship  /  cohort study  /  meta-analysis
赵万霞, 詹群璋, 曲崇正. 勃起功能障碍与冠心病发病关系:一项基于队列研究的荟萃分析. 中国公共卫生, 2026 , 42 (8) : 1007 -1012 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1149386
Wanxia ZHAO, Qunzhang ZHAN, Chongzheng QU. Association between erectile dysfunction and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of cohort studies[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2026 , 42 (8) : 1007 -1012 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1149386
冠心病(coronary heart disease, CHD)是一种常见的慢性心血管疾病,其发病率逐年上升,据世界卫生组织统计,心血管疾病是全球死亡的首要原因,其中CHD占比尤为突出[1]。目前,CHD已逐渐成为威胁人类健康的主要疾病之一,其危险因素包括血脂异常、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟和有CHD早发家族史(如急性心肌梗死等)[2]。而勃起功能障碍(erectile dysfunction, ED)则是男性最常见的疾病之一,据最新流行病学研究表明,有>71%的男性在人生中的某个阶段均会经历ED[3]。有研究表明,勃起功能的实现,依赖阴茎海绵体血管的快速舒张和充足血流灌注[4],而CHD的核心病理则涉及动脉粥样硬化和血管内皮功能异常,如血管舒张能力下降和血流调节障碍等,因此,两者内在关联的核心源于血管病变的共性与全身血管损伤的联动。为探讨ED与CHD发病之间的相关性,为明确ED在CHD风险预测中的潜在应用价值提供参考依据,本研究通过检索PubMed数据库、Web of Science数据库、Scopus数据库和Embase数据库,并辅以文献追溯法收集各数据库自建库至2025年9月11日国内外公开发表的有关ED与CHD发病关系相关英文队列研究文献,并应用Stata 18.0软件对纳入的文献进行荟萃分析。
在PubMed数据库、Web of Science数据库、Scopus数据库和Embase数据库中收集自建库至2025年9月11日国内外公开发表的有关ED与CHD发病关系相关英文队列研究文献,末次检索日期为2025年9月20日。英文检索关键词为:“Erectile Dysfunction”或“Male Impotence”[MeSH]或“Male Sexual Impotence”[MeSH]和“Coronary Disease”或“Coronary Heart Disease”[MeSH]或“Heart Disease”[MeSH]结合“Cohort Study”“Cohort Analysis”“Prospective Study”“Longitudinal Study”。同时辅以文献追溯法收集更多相关英文文献。
纳入标准:(1)研究为基于人群或社区的队列研究;(2)关注的暴露因素为明确定义的ED,且通过标准化方法评估,如国际勃起功能指数简化版(international index of erectile function-5, IIEF-5)[5–6]、临床就诊记录中的自我报告或医生诊断等,需在基线时记录ED的存在与否或严重程度;(3)研究对象为年龄≥18岁成年男性人群,基线时无明确CHD病史且对ED状态进行了明确评估;(4)结局为CHD或心肌梗死;(5)研究报告了ED与CHD之间关联的风险估计值及其95%CI[7]。排除标准:(1)个案报道、会议摘要及非队列研究[8];(2)儿童或青少年人群,或基线已确诊CHD的队列;(3)基线资料不完整的研究;(4)重复发表文献,基于同一人群的多个研究仅选用最新或随访时间更长的研究[9]。
收集文献资料,包括第一作者、发表年份、研究地区、研究类型、年龄、随访时长、样本量、ED诊断标准等。由2名研究员独立筛选文献并提取信息,以确保准确性和一致性。当意见不一致时,则由第3名研究员分析解决。采用质量评估的纽卡斯尔–渥太华量表(Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, NOS)评分来确定每项研究的方法学质量[10–11]。NOS评分标准包括3个方面:研究对象选择0~4分、组间可比性0~2分、结果测量0~3分;NOS总分为9分,其中<4分为低质量研究,4~6分为中质量研究,≥7分为高质量研究[12]。
应用 Stata 18.0软件进行统计分析,效应量采用CHD发病的RR值及其95%CI进行描述[13]。采用I2和Q检验评估纳入研究间的异质性,若I2>50%且Q检验的P<0.05提示存在显著异质性,采用随机效应模型合并RR值,反之则采用固定效应模型合并RR值[14–15 ];采用亚组分析探讨研究特征对结局变量的影响并分析产生异质性的原因[16];敏感性分析用于检验结果的稳健性。本研究通过逐一剔除单项研究观察整体效应的变化[17]。发表偏倚通过漏斗图、Egger检验和Begg检验进行评估[18]。
共检索出相关英文文献297篇,根据纳入和排除标准进行3次筛选,最终纳入7篇英文文献,均为前瞻性队列研究。研究对象分布在比利时、奥地利、中国香港、意大利等多个国家和地区,涉及了14 397名参与者中的1 395例新发CHD病例;其中,高质量研究6篇,中质量研究1篇。
对纳入的7篇英文文献进行异质性检验,文献间存在低异质性(I2=26.01%,P=0.23),故采用固定效应模型。荟萃分析结果显示,ED人群CHD发病风险为非ED人群的1.41倍(RR=1.41,95%CI=1.28~1.56)。
亚组分析结果显示,ED在年龄≤70岁和>70岁、随访时长≤5年和>5年、ED诊断标准为IIEF-5和自我报告亚组中均可增加CHD的发病风险(均P<0.05)。进一步定量分析异质性来源,年龄、随访时长和ED诊断标准可分别解释为8.38%、38.10%和0.86%的异质性,但3个亚组分层间的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),即ED与CHD发病风险的关联在不同临床特征的研究中具有一致性。
采用逐一剔除法对所纳入的研究进行敏感性分析,未发现对最终研究结果有显著影响的文献,本研究纳入的文献稳定性较好,荟萃分析结果较为稳定。
Begg检验(Z=1.05,P>0.05)和 Egger检验(t=0.80,P>0.05),且漏斗图基本对称,提示本研究纳入的文献未检出显著的发表偏倚。
ED是男性生殖系统的一种常见疾病,严重影响患者及其伴侣的生活质量[26],目前ED与CHD的关系受到广泛关注,虽然已有少数观察性研究[27–28]公开发表,但研究结果仍存在争议。本次荟萃分析结果显示,ED人群CHD发病风险为非ED人群的1.41倍(RR=1.41,95%CI=1.28~1.56),这一发现为临床医生提供了ED者患CHD风险的证据,且与《普林斯顿Ⅳ共识:勃起功能障碍与心血管疾病管理建议》[29]核心结论不谋而合,该项共识经过20余年循证证据明确提出,ED并非孤立的泌尿生殖系统症状,而是CHD的独立风险标志物与风险增强因素,其对CHD的预测价值可与吸烟和家族史等传统风险因素相比,甚至在年轻人群中更具临床意义。从时间维度来看,Hodges L D等[30]队列研究证实,ED通常比首次心肌梗死提早5年出现,在部分<45岁的年轻心肌梗死患者中发病前ED出现比例可达50%。有研究表明,口服磷酸二酯酶5抑制剂作为ED一线治疗,对合并CHD的患者安全性良好,提示其可能具有心脏保护作用,临床亦可通过询问ED病史提前识别CHD高危人群[31]。虽然本研究呈低异质性(I2=26.01%,P=0.23),但仍将7篇文献按照年龄、随访时长和ED诊断标准进行了亚组分析。结果显示,不同亚组的异质性表现分化明显,≤70岁、随访时长≤5年和>5年亚组的异质性极低(I2=4.40%、0.00%和8.10%),ED诊断标准为IIEF-5和自我报告亚组的异质性均处于中等水平(I2=35.20%和46.60%),而>70岁年龄亚组的异质性相对较高(I2=53.40%)。提示年龄可能是本研究异质性的主要来源,这可能与不同年龄段人群的生理特征、CHD发病机制和ED患病的诱因均存在显著差异相关。≤70岁人群的血管内皮功能损伤进程相对统一且生活方式和基础疾病控制水平的同质性更高;而>70岁人群受个体衰老程度、多种基础疾病和用药情况等复杂因素的影响,个体间的生理与病理状态差异显著,进而导致研究结果的异质性升高。此外,随访时长和ED诊断标准未引发明显异质性,这可能得益于各研究在随访流程设计和诊断标准执行上的较高一致性减少了方法学层面的系统误差。本研究敏感性分析结果显示,合并效应量并未随着单项研究的剔除而改变,表明本次的荟萃分析具有良好的稳定性。
尽管ED与CHD发病之间相关性的潜在机制尚未明确,但本研究推测了几种可能的解释。其一,ED和CHD共存的核心机制即内皮功能障碍被认为是此2种疾病共有的危险因素[32],会导致这2种疾病的发生。其二,一氧化氮是血管舒张的核心介质,其下游的环磷酸鸟苷和蛋白激酶G通路能调控平滑肌松弛[33],当一氧化氮底物不足、一氧化氮合成酶活性降低和环磷酸鸟苷降解加快时,阴茎海绵体平滑肌无法松弛会导致ED,冠脉平滑肌舒张受限则会加剧冠脉狭窄;此外,RhoA和Rho相关蛋白激酶过度激活[33]可导致阴茎海绵体平滑肌持续收缩而无法舒张引发ED,亦可导致冠脉平滑肌收缩进一步加剧冠脉狭窄,进而诱发心肌缺血。其三,ED和CHD在病理方面出现氧化应激和炎症反应,这两者均可损伤血管内皮和破坏一氧化氮调控通路,不同的是氧化应激是通过削弱阴茎血管舒张能力致ED以及通过减少冠脉舒张致心肌供血不足促进冠脉脂质沉积与斑块形成,而炎症反应是通过阴茎血管收缩异常诱发ED和加速冠脉粥样硬化进展;ED与CHD其实是同一血管疾病的不同表现,阴茎动脉(1~2 mm)因直径比冠状动脉(3~4 mm)更细,故对病理损伤更敏感,故ED常先于CHD出现,成为CHD的“早期信号”[29]。其四,当睾酮不足时会降低一氧化氮合成酶活性,减少一氧化氮生成,同时削弱阴茎海绵体与冠脉血管的舒张能力,进而加剧内皮损伤、促进炎症反应,这既增加了ED发病风险,又升高了CHD的发病概率[34]。
综上所述,本研究发现ED人群的CHD发病风险增高,与既往meta分析[35–36]结果基本一致,但本研究的最终结果呈低异质性,并设定了严格的纳入标准增强了结果的稳定性和可靠性。与此同时,纳入的研究对象覆盖不同国家和地区与种族群体,提高了结论的普遍适用性[37]。此外,大多数纳入的研究质量较高,确保了研究结果的可信度[38]。然而,本研究仍存在一定的局限性,虽然本研究最终结果呈低异质性,但仍进行了年龄、随访时长和ED诊断标准的亚组分析,发现随访时长对异质性的解释比例相对最高,可能也是异质性的来源;其次,部分研究依赖自我报告的ED诊断,可能存在信息偏倚,且不同研究对CHD结局的判定标准不一,部分研究仅基于住院记录或死亡数据,可能低估了CHD的实际发病风险;再次,尽管已调整了多种混杂因素,残余混杂因素仍不能完全排除,特别是在未测量的生活方式或环境暴露方面[39],如吸烟、久坐和睡眠障碍等未被充分校正的因素可能同时影响ED与CHD的发生;最后,由于多数研究来自观察性设计,尽管时间顺序支持ED先于CHD发生,但仍难以完全确立因果关系。因此,今后的研究可以从以下方面进行改善。其一,可以进一步扩大样本量,增加各亚组的文献纳入数量,深入分析随访时长对异质性的具体影响机制,明确其作为异质性来源的作用大小,补充异质性来源的全面性;其二,规范ED诊断与CHD结局判定标准,优先采用IIEF-5标准化量表诊断ED,减少自我报告带来的信息偏倚,同时统一CHD结局判定标准,纳入门诊病例、无症状CHD的筛查数据,避免低估实际发病风险;其三,优化混杂因素校正方案,全面纳入吸烟、久坐、睡眠障碍等未被充分校正的生活方式与环境暴露因素,采用更科学的校正方法减少残余混杂因素的影响,提升结果的准确性;其四,可采用孟德尔随机化等更严谨的研究设计,结合生物标志物检测,进一步验证ED与CHD的因果关系,减少观察性研究带来的偏倚。

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2026年第42卷第8期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1149386
  • 接收时间:2025-11-22
  • 首发时间:2026-10-23
  • 出版时间:2026-08-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-11-22
  • 修回日期:2026-02-11
  • 录用日期:2026-03-31
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    1广州中医药大学第三临床医学院,广州 510405
    2广州中医药大学第三附属医院针灸推拿科,广州 510378

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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