Article(id=1320428841781285575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1149086, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1760457600000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-15, revisedDate=1767974400000, revisedDateStr=2026-01-10, acceptedDate=1775664000000, acceptedDateStr=2026-04-09, onlineDate=1792744368262, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1788969600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792744368262, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792744368262, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792744368262, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320428830876086873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2026', volume='42', issue='9', pageStart='1025', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1788969600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792744365662, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792746244140, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320436709859381360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320436709859381361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1080, endPage=1088, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320428841974223560, articleId=1320428841781285575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Development of a disclosure-to-healthcare-worker status scale for people living with HIV: a Delphi study, columnId=1320427696342020970, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Epidemiological Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To preliminarily develop the disclosure-to-healthcare-worker status scale for people living with HIV through the Delphi method and assess the authenticity, breadth, and depth of participants′ psychological inclination when disclosing information to healthcare workers, thereby informing the prediction of HIV-related disclosure behaviors.
Methods Following a systematic literature review, an initial item pool was generated. Between June and September 2025, 32 multidisciplinary experts were invited to participate in two Delphi rounds. Experts rated their familiarity with and rationale for each domain, as well as the importance and relevance of every item on a 5-point Likert scale. The response rate was calculated to reflect expert engagement. The authority coefficient (Cr) was adopted to indicate result credibility. The coefficient of variation (CV) and Kendall′s W were used to evaluate consensus. Items with mean importance or relevance ≥ 3.5 and CV < 0.25 were retained and then finalized after team discussion and expert feedback.
Results The response rate of the experts in both rounds was 96.88% (31/32), with Cr values of 0.847 and 0.852, respectively. The Kendall′s W values of expert opinions on the importance and relevance of items were 0.152 and 0.117 in the first round and 0.090 and 0.082 in the second round, respectively. The results of the first round of expert consultation showed that the items had the importance scores of 2.68–4.81 points (CV of 0.084–0.581) and the relevance scores of 2.74–4.68 points (CV of 0.116–0.557). The results of the second round of expert consultation showed that the items had the importance scores of 4.16–4.90 points (CV of 0.061–0.264) and the relevance scores of 4.23–4.87 points (CV of 0.077–0.257). After two rounds of expert consultation and expert group meetings, a 47-item scale was finally determined, including individual psychological characteristics, situations, perceived risks, perceived benefits, and disclosure effectiveness.
Conclusions This study developed a 47-item disclosure-to-healthcare-worker status scale for people living with HIV to access their actual attitudes, concerns, and tendencies when disclosing relevant information to healthcare workers. Although the reliability and validity of this scale remains to be tested, the developed scale provides a basis for improving doctor-patient communication and enhancing the quality of HIV prevention and control services.
, authors=Jiahui ZHANG
1, Zhen JIANG
1, Peng FANG
2, Lixiang SUN
3, Seying DAI
4, Jiahong LIU
5, Xia HU
6, Peng XU
7, authorsList=Jiahui ZHANG, Zhen JIANG, Peng FANG, Lixiang SUN, Seying DAI, Jiahong LIU, Xia HU, Peng XU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhen JIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320428844411114189, articleId=1320428841781285575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=HIV感染者面向医务人员信息披露测量量表编制:基于德尔菲专家咨询法, columnId=1320427696509793132, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=流行病学研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 基于德尔菲专家咨询法初步编制人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者面向医务人员披露状态测量量表,评估感染者向医务人员披露信息的真实性、广度、深度的心理倾向性,为预测HIV相关信息披露行为提供参考依据。
方法 通过文献研究拟定量表初始条目,并于2025年6—9月遴选32名专家开展2轮德尔菲法咨询。请专家对量表各级指标的熟悉程度及判断依据进行评分,对条目重要性及相关性进行评分。计算问卷回收率,以此反映专家积极性;采用权威系数衡量咨询结果的权威程度;采用变异系数及协调系数Kendall′s W评价专家意见协调程度。重要性和相关性评分的算术均数≥3.5分且变异系数<0.25作为条目筛选的初步参考;同时结合专家意见,经研究小组成员充分讨论后确定条目调整结果。
结果 2轮咨询专家积极系数均为96.88%(31/32),专家权威系数分别为0.847和0.852。第1轮条目重要性和相关性的专家意见协调系数为0.152和0.117,第2轮为0.090和0.082。第1轮专家咨询结果显示,各条目重要性评分为2.68~4.81分,变异系数为0.084~0.581;相关性评分为2.74~4.68分,变异系数为0.116~0.557。第2轮专家咨询结果显示,各条目的重要性评分为4.16~4.90分,变异系数为0.061~0.264;相关性评分为4.23~4.87分,变异系数为0.077~0.257。2轮专家咨询及专家小组会议后最终确定了包括个体心理特征、情境、风险、受益、披露效能5个维度、47个条目的HIV感染者面向医务人员披露状态测量量表。
结论 本研究所构建的HIV感染者面向医务人员披露状态测量量表,用于评估HIV感染者在向医务人员透露病情相关信息时的真实态度、顾虑与倾向,量表信效度有待进一步验证,为优化医患沟通、提升HIV防治服务质量提供科学依据。
, authors=张嘉慧
1, 江震
1, *, *, 方鹏
2, 孙笠翔
3, 戴色莺
4, 刘家虹
5, 胡霞
6, 徐鹏
7, authorsList=张嘉慧, 江震, 方鹏, 孙笠翔, 戴色莺, 刘家虹, 胡霞, 徐鹏, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=江震, authorNote=
张嘉慧(2001—),硕士在读,研究方向:艾滋病预防与干预
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1Division of HIV Prevention and Intervention, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320428845673599719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, authorId=1320428845522604772, language=CN, stringName=张嘉慧, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心宣传教育与预防干预室,北京 102206, bio={"content":"
张嘉慧(2001—),硕士在读,研究方向:艾滋病预防与干预
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1Division of HIV Prevention and Intervention, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320428844704715472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, companyId=1320428844666966734, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心宣传教育与预防干预室,北京 102206)])]), Author(id=1320428845774263017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jiangzhen@chinaaids.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320428845853954795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, authorId=1320428845774263017, language=EN, stringName=Zhen JIANG, firstName=Zhen, middleName=null, lastName=JIANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1Division of HIV Prevention and Intervention, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320428845946229484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, authorId=1320428845774263017, language=CN, stringName=江震, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心宣传教育与预防干预室,北京 102206, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320428844666966734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320428844696326863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, companyId=1320428844666966734, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2, address=
2Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320428846218859249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, authorId=1320428846030115566, language=CN, stringName=方鹏, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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2空军军医大学军事医学心理学系,西安 710032, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320428844792795857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320428844801184466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, companyId=1320428844792795857, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320428844805378771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, companyId=1320428844792795857, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2空军军医大学军事医学心理学系,西安 710032)])]), Author(id=1320428846306939635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320428846399214325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, authorId=1320428846306939635, language=EN, stringName=Lixiang SUN, firstName=Lixiang, middleName=null, lastName=SUN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
3, address=
3Institute for AIDS & STD Prevention and Control, Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110005, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320428846487294710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, authorId=1320428846306939635, language=CN, stringName=孙笠翔, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
3, address=
3辽宁省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病与性传播疾病预防控制所,沈阳 110005, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320428844893459156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320428844901847765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, companyId=1320428844893459156, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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4, address=
4Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320428846738952955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, authorId=1320428846575375096, language=CN, stringName=戴色莺, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
4, address=
4安徽省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治科,合肥 230601, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320428844981539543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320428844989928152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, companyId=1320428844981539543, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320428844998316761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, companyId=1320428844981539543, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4安徽省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治科,合肥 230601)])]), Author(id=1320428846806061821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320428846885753599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, authorId=1320428846806061821, language=EN, stringName=Jiahong LIU, firstName=Jiahong, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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5Institute for AIDS & STD Prevention and Control, Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320428846948668160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, authorId=1320428846806061821, language=CN, stringName=刘家虹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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Opening up the HIV/AIDS epidemic: guidance on encouraging beneficial disclosure, ethical partner counselling, and appropriate use of HIV case reporting: executive summary[EB/OL].(2001-02-07)[2025-08-27]. https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2001/20010207_jc-execsumm_en.pdf., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320428854116733729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Peng W W, Song X H, Zhang C, et al. The proportion of HIV disclosure to sexual partners among people diagnosed with HIV in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. 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Preliminary construction of the theoretical framework for the differential mode of association–disclosure efficacy, figureFileSmall=xBxBPHUL8enzUx1Rtfx7uQ==, figureFileBig=wzsb8b/FPDUAo/QuQbnnwA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320428853357564697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
基于差序格局的披露效能理论框架初构, figureFileSmall=xBxBPHUL8enzUx1Rtfx7uQ==, figureFileBig=wzsb8b/FPDUAo/QuQbnnwA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320428853579862810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Revision of the theoretical framework for HIV-related contextual trade-offs–disclosure efficacy, figureFileSmall=L7lIwW4CE6j5eglUAErIow==, figureFileBig=EEO9P8YuWVEWgzz8W+TPeg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320428853642777371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
HIV相关情境权衡—披露效能理论框架修订, figureFileSmall=L7lIwW4CE6j5eglUAErIow==, figureFileBig=EEO9P8YuWVEWgzz8W+TPeg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1320428853701497628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Indicator definitions of the rating scale
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| 评价指标 | 指标内涵 |
|---|
| Ⅰ 个人心理特征 | 个体得知感染HIV后,在心理层面呈现的综合表现,包括身份接纳与疾病认知管理,以及情绪状态 |
Ⅰ-1 身份接纳与疾病 认知管理 | HIV感染者接纳感染事实,感知生活价值,相信自我健康管理能力,因感染获得新认知,且掌握HIV疾病与治疗知识的心理 表现 |
| Ⅰ-2 情绪状态 | HIV感染者确诊初期及后续阶段的情绪体验,如绝望、羞愧、对未来信心及情绪低落情况 |
| Ⅱ 情境 | 影响HIV感染者信息披露状态和行为的外部环境条件的总和,包括服务支持、人际支持和制度性支持 |
| Ⅱ-1服务支持 | 医疗机构与社区提供的支持 |
| Ⅱ-2 人际支持 | 家庭及社会关系网络的人际支持 |
| Ⅱ-3 制度支持 | 政策法规与社会舆论构成的支持 |
| Ⅲ 风险 | HIV 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,可能面临的健康、情感及社会资源方面的负面影响 |
| Ⅲ-1健康风险 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对自身生理健康可能受到威胁的预判,包括医疗服务质量下降、健康照护需求被拒绝等 |
| Ⅲ-2情感风险 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对可能产生的负面情绪及社会关系损伤的预判,涉及家人、身边人、医务人员等社会 网络带来的情感影响 |
| Ⅲ-3社会资源风险 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对社会资源可能被剥夺及权益受损的预判,包括信息安全、工作稳定、社交关系等方面的风险 |
| Ⅳ 受益 | HIV 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,可能获得的健康、情感及社会资源方面的积极反馈 |
| Ⅳ-1 健康受益 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对自身生理健康可能获得积极反馈的预期,包括健康风险控制、家人感染风险降低等 |
| Ⅳ-2 情感受益 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对可能获得的正向情绪及社会支持强化的预期,涉及家人、身边人、医务人员等相关 群体带来的情感支持 |
| Ⅳ-3 社会资源受益 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对社会资源可能得到强化及权益获得保障的预期,包括社会支持网络强化等方面的受益 |
| Ⅴ 披露效能 | HIV 感染者实施有效信息披露的个人信心与能力,包括信息披露信心、信息披露能力,以及披露后应对各类风险的能力 |
| Ⅴ-1 披露信心 | HIV 感染者主动向医务人员公开自身感染状态的主观信心强度,体现为是否有主动发起披露行为的倾向 |
| Ⅴ-2 披露能力 | HIV 感染者在向医务人员披露感染状态过程中,所具备的沟通技巧及情绪控制能力,包括能否清晰表达病情相关信息、能否在披露时保持情绪稳定 |
| Ⅴ-3风险应对能力 | HIV 感染者在向医务人员披露感染状态后,应对各类可能出现情况的能力,包括获取资源帮助应对风险的能力、应对非自愿被动披露场景的能力,以及处理负面反应的能力等 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320428853772800797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
量表评价指标及内涵
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 评价指标 | 指标内涵 |
|---|
| Ⅰ 个人心理特征 | 个体得知感染HIV后,在心理层面呈现的综合表现,包括身份接纳与疾病认知管理,以及情绪状态 |
Ⅰ-1 身份接纳与疾病 认知管理 | HIV感染者接纳感染事实,感知生活价值,相信自我健康管理能力,因感染获得新认知,且掌握HIV疾病与治疗知识的心理 表现 |
| Ⅰ-2 情绪状态 | HIV感染者确诊初期及后续阶段的情绪体验,如绝望、羞愧、对未来信心及情绪低落情况 |
| Ⅱ 情境 | 影响HIV感染者信息披露状态和行为的外部环境条件的总和,包括服务支持、人际支持和制度性支持 |
| Ⅱ-1服务支持 | 医疗机构与社区提供的支持 |
| Ⅱ-2 人际支持 | 家庭及社会关系网络的人际支持 |
| Ⅱ-3 制度支持 | 政策法规与社会舆论构成的支持 |
| Ⅲ 风险 | HIV 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,可能面临的健康、情感及社会资源方面的负面影响 |
| Ⅲ-1健康风险 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对自身生理健康可能受到威胁的预判,包括医疗服务质量下降、健康照护需求被拒绝等 |
| Ⅲ-2情感风险 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对可能产生的负面情绪及社会关系损伤的预判,涉及家人、身边人、医务人员等社会 网络带来的情感影响 |
| Ⅲ-3社会资源风险 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对社会资源可能被剥夺及权益受损的预判,包括信息安全、工作稳定、社交关系等方面的风险 |
| Ⅳ 受益 | HIV 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,可能获得的健康、情感及社会资源方面的积极反馈 |
| Ⅳ-1 健康受益 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对自身生理健康可能获得积极反馈的预期,包括健康风险控制、家人感染风险降低等 |
| Ⅳ-2 情感受益 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对可能获得的正向情绪及社会支持强化的预期,涉及家人、身边人、医务人员等相关 群体带来的情感支持 |
| Ⅳ-3 社会资源受益 | 感染者向医务人员披露感染状态后,对社会资源可能得到强化及权益获得保障的预期,包括社会支持网络强化等方面的受益 |
| Ⅴ 披露效能 | HIV 感染者实施有效信息披露的个人信心与能力,包括信息披露信心、信息披露能力,以及披露后应对各类风险的能力 |
| Ⅴ-1 披露信心 | HIV 感染者主动向医务人员公开自身感染状态的主观信心强度,体现为是否有主动发起披露行为的倾向 |
| Ⅴ-2 披露能力 | HIV 感染者在向医务人员披露感染状态过程中,所具备的沟通技巧及情绪控制能力,包括能否清晰表达病情相关信息、能否在披露时保持情绪稳定 |
| Ⅴ-3风险应对能力 | HIV 感染者在向医务人员披露感染状态后,应对各类可能出现情况的能力,包括获取资源帮助应对风险的能力、应对非自愿被动披露场景的能力,以及处理负面反应的能力等 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320428853852492574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
disclosure-to-healthcare-worker status scale for people living with HIV
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 维度 | 因子 | 条目 |
|---|
| 个体心理特征 | 身份接纳与疾病认知管理 | 1 我能够接纳自己感染HIV的事实。 |
| | 2 知道自己感染HIV后,我仍然觉得生活是有意义和价值的。 |
| | 3 我对 HIV 的基本知识有一定了解(如感染途径、预防策略、抗病毒治疗方法以及治疗后的预后情况等)。 |
| | 4 我相信自己有能力管理好我的健康状况和生活。 |
| | 5 刚确诊HIV的那段时间,我对未来感到绝望,没有信心。 |
| 情绪状态 | 6 刚知道自己感染HIV的时候,我觉得特别丢人。 |
| | 7 过去1个月,我很少因 HIV 感染,产生负面情绪(如低落、沮丧、绝望或者紧张焦虑)。 |
| 情境 | 服务支持 | 8 HIV主治医生或接诊医生对待我的态度,和对待其他人一样。 |
| | 9 HIV主治医生或接诊医生的专业水平,让我放心告知病情。 |
| | 10 HIV主治医生或接诊医生为我提供私密的就诊空间,不用担心被别人听见。 |
| | 11 我就诊的医院有专门的 HIV 咨询门诊,能帮我解答疑问。 |
| | 12 我就诊的医院或所在社区定期提供HIV相关科普宣传、感染者互助分享等活动。 |
| 人际支持 | 13 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)知道我感染了HIV,会害怕我传染给他们。 |
| | 14 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)会支持我向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明病情。 |
| | 15 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)认为感染HIV是不光彩的。 |
| | 16 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)认为我应该规范治疗。 |
| | 17 身边的人(朋友、同事)曾发表过针对HIV 感染者的负面言论。 |
| | 18 我认识的病友大多会向负责HIV治疗的医生说明病情。 |
| 制度性支持 | 19 我知道国家有法律规定,医务人员不能随意泄露 HIV 感染者的病情信息。 |
| | 20 社会对 HIV 感染者的包容度在提高。 |
| | 21 我相信医院会严格执行 HIV 病情保密制度。 |
| 风险 | 健康风险 | 22 我担心告诉医生自己感染了HIV之后,他们会拒绝为我治疗其他疾病。 |
| | 23 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)知道我感染HIV,在我需要时,会拒绝照顾我。 |
| 情感风险 | 24 我害怕亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)得知我感染后,会疏远我。 |
| | 25 我不希望亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)因为我感染HIV,而被人指指点点。 |
| | 26 我不希望我的私生活成为身边的人(朋友、同事)议论的话题。 |
| | 27 我担心医生知道我感染了HIV,会对我态度冷淡,或者刻意跟我保持距离。 |
| 社会资源风险 | 28 我害怕身边的人(朋友、同事)得知我感染后,拒绝跟我往来。 |
| | 29 我害怕单位/学校得知我的感染状况,我会面临不公平的对待,影响正常的工作或学习。 |
| 受益 | 健康受益 | 30 向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明病情后,我能更及时获得针对性健康指导,利于病情控制。 |
| | 31 如果隐瞒感染情况,可能会让亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)暴露在风险中。 |
| 情感受益 | 32 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)知晓我的病情后,会主动关心我。 |
| | 33 说明病情后,我能和亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)一起计划将来。 |
| | 34 身边的人(朋友、同事)知晓我的病情后,会像以前一样对待我。 |
| | 35 向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说出我的感染情况,让我如释重负。 |
| | 36 如果HIV主治医生或接诊医生耐心倾听我的病情和担忧,我会感到心里轻松很多。 |
| | 37 HIV主治医生或接诊医生的鼓励和帮助下,我可能会更有勇气向他人说明病情。 |
| 社会资源受益 | 38 HIV主治医生或接诊医生,有利于我了解相关医疗保障政策(如抗病毒药物报销),让我在就医时的权益得到更明确的保障。 |
| | 39 和HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明病情,可以帮助我认识更多病友,大家一起互助交流。 |
| | 40 向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明病情,有利于我获得感染者组织或社区的实际帮助(如经济、法律咨询等)。 |
| 披露效能 | 披露信心 | 41 如果遇到紧急情况,我愿意主动告诉HIV主治医生或接诊医生自己的感染信息(如感染途径、伴侣/配偶情况等)。 |
| | 42 我愿意主动向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明自己的感染信息(如感染途径、伴侣/配偶情况等)。 |
| 披露能力 | 43 我觉得我能和HIV主治医生或接诊医生说清楚自己的感染信息(如感染途径、伴侣/配偶情况等)。 |
| | 44 和HIV主治医生或接诊医生沟通时,我能控制好自己的情绪。 |
| | 45 若披露后遇到医疗歧视,我知道该联系哪些机构(如疾控中心、维权组织)寻求帮助。 |
| 风险应对能力 | 46 我能有效利用病友互助群/ 公益组织,应对披露后的心理压力。 |
| | 47 在其他疾病就诊中,若医院要求检测 HIV,我能主动说明自己的担忧并争取合理隐私保护。 |
), ArticleFig(id=1320428853932184351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428841781285575, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
HIV感染者面向医务人员披露状态测量量表
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 维度 | 因子 | 条目 |
|---|
| 个体心理特征 | 身份接纳与疾病认知管理 | 1 我能够接纳自己感染HIV的事实。 |
| | 2 知道自己感染HIV后,我仍然觉得生活是有意义和价值的。 |
| | 3 我对 HIV 的基本知识有一定了解(如感染途径、预防策略、抗病毒治疗方法以及治疗后的预后情况等)。 |
| | 4 我相信自己有能力管理好我的健康状况和生活。 |
| | 5 刚确诊HIV的那段时间,我对未来感到绝望,没有信心。 |
| 情绪状态 | 6 刚知道自己感染HIV的时候,我觉得特别丢人。 |
| | 7 过去1个月,我很少因 HIV 感染,产生负面情绪(如低落、沮丧、绝望或者紧张焦虑)。 |
| 情境 | 服务支持 | 8 HIV主治医生或接诊医生对待我的态度,和对待其他人一样。 |
| | 9 HIV主治医生或接诊医生的专业水平,让我放心告知病情。 |
| | 10 HIV主治医生或接诊医生为我提供私密的就诊空间,不用担心被别人听见。 |
| | 11 我就诊的医院有专门的 HIV 咨询门诊,能帮我解答疑问。 |
| | 12 我就诊的医院或所在社区定期提供HIV相关科普宣传、感染者互助分享等活动。 |
| 人际支持 | 13 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)知道我感染了HIV,会害怕我传染给他们。 |
| | 14 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)会支持我向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明病情。 |
| | 15 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)认为感染HIV是不光彩的。 |
| | 16 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)认为我应该规范治疗。 |
| | 17 身边的人(朋友、同事)曾发表过针对HIV 感染者的负面言论。 |
| | 18 我认识的病友大多会向负责HIV治疗的医生说明病情。 |
| 制度性支持 | 19 我知道国家有法律规定,医务人员不能随意泄露 HIV 感染者的病情信息。 |
| | 20 社会对 HIV 感染者的包容度在提高。 |
| | 21 我相信医院会严格执行 HIV 病情保密制度。 |
| 风险 | 健康风险 | 22 我担心告诉医生自己感染了HIV之后,他们会拒绝为我治疗其他疾病。 |
| | 23 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)知道我感染HIV,在我需要时,会拒绝照顾我。 |
| 情感风险 | 24 我害怕亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)得知我感染后,会疏远我。 |
| | 25 我不希望亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)因为我感染HIV,而被人指指点点。 |
| | 26 我不希望我的私生活成为身边的人(朋友、同事)议论的话题。 |
| | 27 我担心医生知道我感染了HIV,会对我态度冷淡,或者刻意跟我保持距离。 |
| 社会资源风险 | 28 我害怕身边的人(朋友、同事)得知我感染后,拒绝跟我往来。 |
| | 29 我害怕单位/学校得知我的感染状况,我会面临不公平的对待,影响正常的工作或学习。 |
| 受益 | 健康受益 | 30 向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明病情后,我能更及时获得针对性健康指导,利于病情控制。 |
| | 31 如果隐瞒感染情况,可能会让亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)暴露在风险中。 |
| 情感受益 | 32 亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)知晓我的病情后,会主动关心我。 |
| | 33 说明病情后,我能和亲近的人(伴侣/配偶、家人)一起计划将来。 |
| | 34 身边的人(朋友、同事)知晓我的病情后,会像以前一样对待我。 |
| | 35 向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说出我的感染情况,让我如释重负。 |
| | 36 如果HIV主治医生或接诊医生耐心倾听我的病情和担忧,我会感到心里轻松很多。 |
| | 37 HIV主治医生或接诊医生的鼓励和帮助下,我可能会更有勇气向他人说明病情。 |
| 社会资源受益 | 38 HIV主治医生或接诊医生,有利于我了解相关医疗保障政策(如抗病毒药物报销),让我在就医时的权益得到更明确的保障。 |
| | 39 和HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明病情,可以帮助我认识更多病友,大家一起互助交流。 |
| | 40 向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明病情,有利于我获得感染者组织或社区的实际帮助(如经济、法律咨询等)。 |
| 披露效能 | 披露信心 | 41 如果遇到紧急情况,我愿意主动告诉HIV主治医生或接诊医生自己的感染信息(如感染途径、伴侣/配偶情况等)。 |
| | 42 我愿意主动向HIV主治医生或接诊医生说明自己的感染信息(如感染途径、伴侣/配偶情况等)。 |
| 披露能力 | 43 我觉得我能和HIV主治医生或接诊医生说清楚自己的感染信息(如感染途径、伴侣/配偶情况等)。 |
| | 44 和HIV主治医生或接诊医生沟通时,我能控制好自己的情绪。 |
| | 45 若披露后遇到医疗歧视,我知道该联系哪些机构(如疾控中心、维权组织)寻求帮助。 |
| 风险应对能力 | 46 我能有效利用病友互助群/ 公益组织,应对披露后的心理压力。 |
| | 47 在其他疾病就诊中,若医院要求检测 HIV,我能主动说明自己的担忧并争取合理隐私保护。 |
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