Article(id=1320431840738005869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320431836577247574, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1148941, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1758211200000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-19, revisedDate=1768406400000, revisedDateStr=2026-01-15, acceptedDate=1771862400000, acceptedDateStr=2026-02-24, onlineDate=1792745083268, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1783612800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792745083268, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792745083268, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792745083268, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320431836577247574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2026', volume='42', issue='7', pageStart='769', pageEnd='896', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1783612800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792745082277, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792748015122, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320444137892069377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320431836577247574, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320444137892069378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320431836577247574, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=783, endPage=789, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320431841929188207, articleId=1320431840738005869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Distribution characteristics of body mass index in Chinese older adults of advanced ages under the new standard: based on data from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015–2017), columnId=1320431838817005911, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Special Report—Healthy Weight Management Initiative, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate body mass index (BMI) level of older adults aged 80 years and above in China under the new BMI recommendation standard and analyze the distribution characteristics of people with different BMI levels.

Methods

A total of 3 262 older adults of advanced ages from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015– 2017) were included. The appropriate BMI level of them was determined by the latest The Appropriate Range of Body Mass Index and Body Weight Management Standards for the Oldest Old published in 2025. The results were weighted and adjusted by the sixth census data of the National Bureau of Statistics. The Rao-Scott chi-square test based on complex sampling design correction was performed to analyze the distribution characteristics of BMI among the older adults of advanced ages.

Results

The weighted mean BMI of the older adults aged 80 years and above in China was (23.5±0.2) kg/m2 in urban areas and (22.4±0.2) kg/m2 in rural areas in 2015–2017. The overall distribution trends of BMI among the older adults of advanced ages were similar in urban and rural areas in China, while the BMI level in rural areas was slightly lower than that in urban areas (F = 20.94, P < 0.01). Under the new standard, 44.6% of the older adults of advanced ages had a BMI in the appropriate range, and 43.0% had a BMI below the appropriate range. The proportions of the older adults of advanced ages living in rural areas (65.3%) or in the central and western China (34.4% and 25.0%), with primary school education or below (89.8%), and with lower per capita annual dietary expenditure (23.0%) who had BMI below the appropriate range were higher (P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Under the new appropriate BMI range standard, the BMI of older adults aged 80 or above in China is at a medium to low level, suggesting that the current nutritional problems of this population in China are still dominated by undernutrition. Understanding the BMI level and distribution characteristics of this population under the new standard can provide new data support for the health management of key populations.

, authors=Jing NAN1, Shuya CAI1, 2, Yuxiang YANG1, Ruilian WANG1, Liyun ZHAO1, 2, Dongmei YU1, 2, authorsList=Jing NAN, Shuya CAI, Yuxiang YANG, Ruilian WANG, Liyun ZHAO, Dongmei YU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Dongmei YU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
YU Dongmei; E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320431844101837680, articleId=1320431840738005869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=新标准下中国高龄老年人体质指数分布特征:基于2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测数据, columnId=1320431838980583769, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=专题报道——健康体重管理行动, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

研究新体质指数推荐标准下中国80岁及以上高龄老年人体质指数(BMI)水平并分析不同BMI水平人群的分布特征。

方法

共纳入2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测研究中3 262名高龄老年人,采用2025年最新发布的《高龄老年人体质指数适宜范围与体重管理标准》判定高龄老年人适宜体质指数水平,并应用国家统计局第六次人口普查数据对结果进行加权调整,采用基于复杂抽样设计校正的Rao-Scott χ2检验分析高龄老年人体质指数分布特征。

结果

2015—2017年中国80岁及以上城市高龄老年人加权BMI平均水平为(23.5±0.2)kg/m2,农村为(22.4±0.2)kg/m2,我国城乡高龄老年人BMI总体分布趋势相同,但农村高龄老年人BMI水平略低于城市高龄老年人(F=20.94,P<0.01);在新的标准下44.6%的高龄老年人BMI水平处于适宜范围,43.0%的高龄老年人BMI水平低于适宜范围;居住在农村(65.3%)、中西部地区(34.4%、25.0%)、文化水平在小学及以下(89.8%)、家庭人均年膳食支出水平较低(23.0%)的高龄老年人低于BMI适宜水平的比例较高(均P<0.01)。

结论

在新的BMI适宜范围标准下,中国80岁及以上高龄老年人BMI处于中等偏低水平,提示我国高龄老年人目前的营养问题仍以营养不足为主。了解新标准下高龄老年人的BMI水平及分布特征可为重点人群的健康管理提供新的数据支撑。

, authors=南晶1, 蔡姝雅1, 2, 杨宇祥1, 王瑞莲1, 赵丽云1, 2, 于冬梅1, 2, *, *, authorsList=南晶, 蔡姝雅, 杨宇祥, 王瑞莲, 赵丽云, 于冬梅, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=于冬梅, authorNote=

南晶(2000—),博士研究生,研究方向:营养与健康流行病学

, correspAuthorsNote=
于冬梅,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 《中国公共卫生》编辑部 2026, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=t3nK/4FsLrxcgx/1/EGijw==, magXml=1YL0GfXQdUunnit/Puj5kA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=wEjotbdklhScDuq1hSy2Fw==, pdfFileSize=484085, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=IwtqfVcOYcyCJkzW2R/uSw==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1320431847465669496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431847864128379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431847465669496, language=EN, stringName=Jing NAN, firstName=Jing, middleName=null, lastName=NAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431848216449916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431847465669496, language=CN, stringName=南晶, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050, bio={"content":"

南晶(2000—),博士研究生,研究方向:营养与健康流行病学

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

南晶(2000—),博士研究生,研究方向:营养与健康流行病学

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431848312918910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431848715572097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431848312918910, language=EN, stringName=Shuya CAI, firstName=Shuya, middleName=null, lastName=CAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431849046922114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431848312918910, language=CN, stringName=蔡姝雅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050
2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320431847381783412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847390172021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847398560630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431849466352516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431849541849990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431849466352516, language=EN, stringName=Yuxiang YANG, firstName=Yuxiang, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431849906754439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431849466352516, language=CN, stringName=杨宇祥, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431849994834825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431851894854541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431849994834825, language=EN, stringName=Ruilian WANG, firstName=Ruilian, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431851970352014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431849994834825, language=CN, stringName=王瑞莲, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431852054238096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431852146512787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431852054238096, language=EN, stringName=Liyun ZHAO, firstName=Liyun, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431852393976724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431852054238096, language=CN, stringName=赵丽云, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050
2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320431847381783412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847390172021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847398560630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431852494640022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yudm@ninh.chinacdc.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431852813407129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431852494640022, language=EN, stringName=Dongmei YU, firstName=Dongmei, middleName=null, lastName=YU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431852897293210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431852494640022, language=CN, stringName=于冬梅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, *, *, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050
2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320431847381783412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847390172021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847398560630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1320431853304140699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=older adults of advanced ages), Keyword(id=1320431853664850844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=body mass index), Keyword(id=1320431853736154013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=cross-sectional study), Keyword(id=1320431854109447070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=nutrition), Keyword(id=1320431854499517343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=高龄老年人), Keyword(id=1320431855325795233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=体质指数), Keyword(id=1320431856189821859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=横断面研究), Keyword(id=1320431856634418084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=营养)], refs=[Reference(id=1320431861688554413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=施小明. 新形势下我国老年人口面临的主要公共卫生挑战[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2021, 101(44): 3613-3619., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431862137344942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Benjamin E J, Mutner P, Alonso A, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics–2019 update: a report from the American Heart Association[J]. Circulation, 2019, 139(10): e56-e528., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431862506443695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国家卫生健康委. 高龄老年人体质指数适宜范围与体重管理标准[EB/OL]. (2025-07-07)[2025-09-15]. https://cdc.fuzhou.gov.cn/zz/jkjy/mxfcrxjb/202507/t20250718_5049367.htm., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431862946845616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu D M, Zhao L Y, Zhang J, et al. China nutrition and health surveys (1982–2017)[J]. China CDC Weekly, 2021, 3(9): 193-195., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431863362081713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WHO. International guide for monitoring alcohol consumption and related harm[EB/OL]. World Health Organization, (2002-06-16)[2025-09-15]. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/international-guide-for-monitoring-alcohol-consumption-and-related-harm., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431863752151986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国营养学会. 中国居民膳食指南(2022)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431863810872243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国家卫生健康委员会规划发展与信息化司. 《睡眠健康核心信息及释义》(节选)[J]. 中国民间疗法, 2025, 33(6): 2., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431864179970996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Powell-Wiley T M, Poirier P, Burke L E, et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American heart association[J]. Circulation, 2021, 143(21): e984-e1010., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431865899635637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Calderón-Larrañaga A, Hu X N, Guo J, et al. Body mass trajectories and multimorbidity in old age: 12-year results from a population-based study[J]. Clinical Nutrition, 2021, 40(12): 5764-5770., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431866344231862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈蕾, 李久虎, 张桃桃. 体重指数、腰围和高龄老年人死亡风险的关联[J]. 现代预防医学, 2023, 50(11): 1945-1950., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431867069846455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lv Y B, Zhang Y, Li X W, et al. Body mass index, waist circumference, and mortality in subjects older than 80 years: a Mendelian randomization study[J]. European Heart Journal, 2024, 45(24): 2145-2154., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431867908707256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周锦辉, 刘思馨, 章正, 等. 中国80岁及以上高龄老年人体质指数分布特征[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2023, 44(6): 855-861., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431868005176249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shi R, Duan J, Deng Y, et al. Nutritional status of an elderly population in southwest China: a cross-sectional study based on comprehensive geriatric assessment[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 2015, 19(1): 26-32., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431868395246522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mao Y J, Wu J Q, Liu G X, et al. Chinese expert consensus on prevention and intervention for the elderly with malnutrition (2022)[J]. Aging Medicine, 2022, 5(3): 191-203., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431870463038395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lin W Q, Wang H H X, Yuan L X, et al. The unhealthy lifestyle factors associated with an increased risk of poor nutrition among the elderly population in China[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 2017, 21(9): 943-953., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431870895051708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lee Y H, Liu C T, Shelley M, et al. Regional and geographical disparities in body mass index (BMI) among Chinese older adults: the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey[J]. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 2021, 40(9): 1116-1125., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431871322870717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高杨, 郑志浩, 张哲晰. 不同收入阶层农村居民的膳食质量演变: 1997—2018年[J]. 农业技术经济, 2023(11): 19-37., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431871704552382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=魏潇琪, 赵丽云, 于冬梅, 等. 国内外老年人膳食模式及影响因素相关研究进展[J]. 中国食物与营养, 2022, 28(2): 58-65., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431871842964415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高键. 中老年人群膳食模式、体力活动与总体脂和代谢综合征关系的研究[D]. 上海: 复旦大学, 2012., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431872228840384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘莎莎. 川北地区农村老年人营养素养现状及影响因素研究[D]. 锦州: 锦州医科大学, 2024., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431872610522049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=鞠爱鹏. 中国高龄老人虚弱现状及影响因素分析[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431872954454978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Donini L M, Scardella P, Piombo L, et al. Malnutrition in elderly: social and economic determinants[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 2013, 17(1): 9-15., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431873424217027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Baalbaki R, Itani L, El Kebbi L, et al. Association between smoking hookahs (Shishas) and higher risk of obesity: a systematic review of population-based studies[J]. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 2019, 6(2): 23., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431875064189892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jamali Z, Ayoobi F, Jalali Z, et al. Metabolic syndrome: a population-based study of prevalence and risk factors[J]. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14(1): 3987., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431875496203205, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Van Der Schueren M A E V B D, Lonterman-Monasch S, De Vries O J, et al. Prevalence and determinants for malnutrition in geriatric outpatients[J]. Clinical Nutrition, 2013, 32(6): 1007-1011., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320431875571700678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bauer-Kemény C, Herth F J F. Smoking-toxic substances and immunological consequences[J]. Radiologie, 2022, 62(9): 731-737., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320431847381783412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847390172021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847398560630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1320431857527804838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Basic conditions of older adults aged 80 and above in China, 2015–2017

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征男性(n=1 664)女性(n=1 598)合计(n=3 262)
人数构成比/%人数构成比/%人数构成比/%
年龄组/岁
 80~<901 60096.21 52495.43 12495.8
 ≥90643.8744.61384.2
城乡
 城市70842.569743.61 40543.1
 农村95657.590156.41 85756.9
地区
 东部70042.172345.21 42343.6
 中部46327.843927.590227.7
 西部50130.143627.393728.7
民族
 汉族1 53292.11 46291.52 99491.8
 其他1327.91368.52688.2
文化水平
 小学及以下1 25475.41 43890.02 69282.5
 中学/技校31619.01247.844013.5
 大专及以上945.6362.21304.0
婚姻状况
 未婚150.990.6240.7
 已婚1 28677.376347.82 04962.8
 离异/丧偶36321.882651.61 18936.5
家庭人均年收入
 未报告33820.333521.067320.6
 低收入组34820.928918.163719.5
 中低收入组31518.931019.462519.2
 中高收入组31318.836422.867720.8
 高收入组35021.130018.765019.9
家庭人均年膳食支出
 未报告33720.335122.068821.1
 低支出组34720.829418.464119.7
 中低支出组32419.532020.064419.7
 中高支出组30918.630519.161418.8
 高支出组34720.832820.567520.7
吸烟状况
 从不吸烟53932.4835.262219.1
 曾吸烟,目前不吸39423.7513.244513.6
 目前吸烟73143.91 46491.62 19567.3
是否危害饮酒
 未危害饮酒1 46387.91 54596.73 00892.2
 危害饮酒20112.1533.32547.8
身体活动
 不充足65839.571344.61 37142.0
 充足1 00660.588555.41 89158.0
睡眠时间/(h/d)
 ≤518711.224215.242913.2
 6~<845627.443527.289127.3
 ≥81 02161.492157.61 94259.5
健康自我认知水平
 良好55933.652332.71 08233.2
 一般87052.382151.41 69151.8
 较差23514.125415.948915.0
), ArticleFig(id=1320431858266002343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2015—2017年中国80岁及以上高龄老年人基本情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征男性(n=1 664)女性(n=1 598)合计(n=3 262)
人数构成比/%人数构成比/%人数构成比/%
年龄组/岁
 80~<901 60096.21 52495.43 12495.8
 ≥90643.8744.61384.2
城乡
 城市70842.569743.61 40543.1
 农村95657.590156.41 85756.9
地区
 东部70042.172345.21 42343.6
 中部46327.843927.590227.7
 西部50130.143627.393728.7
民族
 汉族1 53292.11 46291.52 99491.8
 其他1327.91368.52688.2
文化水平
 小学及以下1 25475.41 43890.02 69282.5
 中学/技校31619.01247.844013.5
 大专及以上945.6362.21304.0
婚姻状况
 未婚150.990.6240.7
 已婚1 28677.376347.82 04962.8
 离异/丧偶36321.882651.61 18936.5
家庭人均年收入
 未报告33820.333521.067320.6
 低收入组34820.928918.163719.5
 中低收入组31518.931019.462519.2
 中高收入组31318.836422.867720.8
 高收入组35021.130018.765019.9
家庭人均年膳食支出
 未报告33720.335122.068821.1
 低支出组34720.829418.464119.7
 中低支出组32419.532020.064419.7
 中高支出组30918.630519.161418.8
 高支出组34720.832820.567520.7
吸烟状况
 从不吸烟53932.4835.262219.1
 曾吸烟,目前不吸39423.7513.244513.6
 目前吸烟73143.91 46491.62 19567.3
是否危害饮酒
 未危害饮酒1 46387.91 54596.73 00892.2
 危害饮酒20112.1533.32547.8
身体活动
 不充足65839.571344.61 37142.0
 充足1 00660.588555.41 89158.0
睡眠时间/(h/d)
 ≤518711.224215.242913.2
 6~<845627.443527.289127.3
 ≥81 02161.492157.61 94259.5
健康自我认知水平
 良好55933.652332.71 08233.2
 一般87052.382151.41 69151.8
 较差23514.125415.948915.0
), ArticleFig(id=1320431858723181481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Weighted distribution of BMI among urban and rural older adults aged 80 and above (kg/m2, 95%CI)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分位数总人群男性女性
城市农村城市农村城市农村
P1019.5(19.1~19.9)18.4(17.9~18.9)19.3(18.9~19.7)18.8(18.3~19.3)19.9(19.3~20.6)18.0(17.3~18.7)
P2020.8(20.3~21.3)19.6(19.3~20.0)20.6(19.7~21.4)19.9(19.6~20.3)21.0(20.6~21.4)19.4(19.0~19.7)
P2521.4(20.9~21.9)20.0(19.7~20.3)21.1(20.2~22.0)20.2(19.9~20.5)21.4(20.9~21.9)19.8(19.4~20.3)
P3021.8(21.4~22.2)20.5(20.1~20.8)21.7(21.1~22.2)20.7(20.4~21.0)21.9(21.4~22.3)20.3(19.9~20.8)
P4022.5(21.9~23.1)21.3(21.0~21.6)22.3(21.7~22.9)21.4(21.0~21.8)22.6(22.0~23.3)21.3(20.9~21.7)
P5023.4(22.9~24.0)22.1(21.7~22.5)23.4(22.5~24.2)22.2(21.8~22.5)23.5(22.9~24.0)22.1(21.5~22.7)
P6024.1(23.8~24.4)23.1(22.7~23.5)24.2(23.8~24.6)23.0(22.5~23.4)24.0(23.5~24.4)23.2(22.7~23.8)
P7024.7(24.1~25.3)24.0(23.5~24.5)25.1(24.5~25.7)24.0(23.4~24.6)24.7(24.3~25.0)23.9(23.2~24.6)
P7525.4(24.7~26.1)24.5(24.0~25.0)25.7(25.1~26.2)24.4(23.8~25.0)24.9(24.0~25.9)24.6(23.7~25.5)
P8026.0(25.4~26.7)25.0(24.5~25.5)26.2(25.6~26.8)25.0(24.4~25.6)25.9(24.8~27.0)25.2(24.3~26.2)
P9027.8(27.2~28.4)26.8(26.3~27.4)28.0(27.4~28.7)26.1(25.6~26.6)27.5(26.6~28.4)27.1(26.3~27.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1320431859146806186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

城市与农村高龄老年人BMI加权分布情况(kg/m2,95%CI)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分位数总人群男性女性
城市农村城市农村城市农村
P1019.5(19.1~19.9)18.4(17.9~18.9)19.3(18.9~19.7)18.8(18.3~19.3)19.9(19.3~20.6)18.0(17.3~18.7)
P2020.8(20.3~21.3)19.6(19.3~20.0)20.6(19.7~21.4)19.9(19.6~20.3)21.0(20.6~21.4)19.4(19.0~19.7)
P2521.4(20.9~21.9)20.0(19.7~20.3)21.1(20.2~22.0)20.2(19.9~20.5)21.4(20.9~21.9)19.8(19.4~20.3)
P3021.8(21.4~22.2)20.5(20.1~20.8)21.7(21.1~22.2)20.7(20.4~21.0)21.9(21.4~22.3)20.3(19.9~20.8)
P4022.5(21.9~23.1)21.3(21.0~21.6)22.3(21.7~22.9)21.4(21.0~21.8)22.6(22.0~23.3)21.3(20.9~21.7)
P5023.4(22.9~24.0)22.1(21.7~22.5)23.4(22.5~24.2)22.2(21.8~22.5)23.5(22.9~24.0)22.1(21.5~22.7)
P6024.1(23.8~24.4)23.1(22.7~23.5)24.2(23.8~24.6)23.0(22.5~23.4)24.0(23.5~24.4)23.2(22.7~23.8)
P7024.7(24.1~25.3)24.0(23.5~24.5)25.1(24.5~25.7)24.0(23.4~24.6)24.7(24.3~25.0)23.9(23.2~24.6)
P7525.4(24.7~26.1)24.5(24.0~25.0)25.7(25.1~26.2)24.4(23.8~25.0)24.9(24.0~25.9)24.6(23.7~25.5)
P8026.0(25.4~26.7)25.0(24.5~25.5)26.2(25.6~26.8)25.0(24.4~25.6)25.9(24.8~27.0)25.2(24.3~26.2)
P9027.8(27.2~28.4)26.8(26.3~27.4)28.0(27.4~28.7)26.1(25.6~26.6)27.5(26.6~28.4)27.1(26.3~27.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1320431859549459371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Distribution characteristics of older adults aged 80 and above by different BMI levels

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征<22 kg/m222~26.9 kg/m2>26.9 kg/m2Rao-Scott χ2值P值
人数构成比/%人数构成比/%人数构成比/%
年龄/岁0.577 70.75
 80~<901 33896.31 39696.939095.9
 90~643.7593.1154.1
性别1.392 20.49
 男性72042.876543.017938.0
 女性68257.269057.022662.0
城乡17.485 3<0.01
 城市43834.771448.725353.8
 农村96465.374151.315246.2
地区14.813 20.01
 东部54140.667652.520654.7
 中部43434.437126.49727.5
 西部42725.040821.110217.8
民族3.174 50.20
 汉族1 26292.31 35395.137993.1
 其他1407.71024.9266.9
文化水平28.897 1<0.01
 小学及以下1 24089.81 15684.029674.0
 中学/技校1307.822212.08817.7
 大专及以上322.4774.0218.3
婚姻状况8.645 70.07
 未婚140.680.220.3
 已婚84458.295563.325055.5
 离异/丧偶54441.149236.615344.2
家庭人均年收入15.837 50.04
 未报告31723.128923.36715.2
 低收入组32621.025818.45322.0
 中低收入组30421.925517.56615.1
 中高收入组27019.432020.68718.9
 高收入组18514.633320.213228.8
家庭人均年膳食支出27.428 6<0.01
 未报告31021.930226.37618.6
 低支出组32923.026420.14819.5
 中低支出组30022.928016.46415.0
 中高支出组26318.926815.98318.4
 高支出组20013.334121.413428.5
吸烟状况15.705 6<0.01
 从不吸烟32322.525714.8429.3
 曾吸烟,目前不吸17711.721015.55812.4
 目前吸烟90265.798869.730578.3
是否危害饮酒5.399 40.07
 未危害饮酒1 28389.91 34290.938395.7
 危害饮酒11910.11139.1224.3
身体活动2.097 00.35
 不充足61746.560346.515139.3
 充足78553.585253.525460.7
睡眠时间/(h/d)6.666 10.15
 ≤519112.119114.14712.0
 6~<834321.141425.313429.6
 ≥886866.885060.622458.4
健康自我认知水平3.746 80.44
 良好44137.748833.215336.7
 一般71847.278052.919346.0
 较差24315.118713.95917.2
合计1 40243.01 45544.640512.4151.917 6<0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1320431860040192940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同BMI水平高龄老年人分布特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征<22 kg/m222~26.9 kg/m2>26.9 kg/m2Rao-Scott χ2值P值
人数构成比/%人数构成比/%人数构成比/%
年龄/岁0.577 70.75
 80~<901 33896.31 39696.939095.9
 90~643.7593.1154.1
性别1.392 20.49
 男性72042.876543.017938.0
 女性68257.269057.022662.0
城乡17.485 3<0.01
 城市43834.771448.725353.8
 农村96465.374151.315246.2
地区14.813 20.01
 东部54140.667652.520654.7
 中部43434.437126.49727.5
 西部42725.040821.110217.8
民族3.174 50.20
 汉族1 26292.31 35395.137993.1
 其他1407.71024.9266.9
文化水平28.897 1<0.01
 小学及以下1 24089.81 15684.029674.0
 中学/技校1307.822212.08817.7
 大专及以上322.4774.0218.3
婚姻状况8.645 70.07
 未婚140.680.220.3
 已婚84458.295563.325055.5
 离异/丧偶54441.149236.615344.2
家庭人均年收入15.837 50.04
 未报告31723.128923.36715.2
 低收入组32621.025818.45322.0
 中低收入组30421.925517.56615.1
 中高收入组27019.432020.68718.9
 高收入组18514.633320.213228.8
家庭人均年膳食支出27.428 6<0.01
 未报告31021.930226.37618.6
 低支出组32923.026420.14819.5
 中低支出组30022.928016.46415.0
 中高支出组26318.926815.98318.4
 高支出组20013.334121.413428.5
吸烟状况15.705 6<0.01
 从不吸烟32322.525714.8429.3
 曾吸烟,目前不吸17711.721015.55812.4
 目前吸烟90265.798869.730578.3
是否危害饮酒5.399 40.07
 未危害饮酒1 28389.91 34290.938395.7
 危害饮酒11910.11139.1224.3
身体活动2.097 00.35
 不充足61746.560346.515139.3
 充足78553.585253.525460.7
睡眠时间/(h/d)6.666 10.15
 ≤519112.119114.14712.0
 6~<834321.141425.313429.6
 ≥886866.885060.622458.4
健康自我认知水平3.746 80.44
 良好44137.748833.215336.7
 一般71847.278052.919346.0
 较差24315.118713.95917.2
合计1 40243.01 45544.640512.4151.917 6<0.01
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1319372848273391765, delFlag=0, nameCn=中国公共卫生, nameEn=Chinese Journal of Public Health, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1001-0580, eissn=null, cn=21-1234/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=/9FMdzA1g/v65YNirKDVig==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Chinese Journal of Public Health, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1792492599792, updatedTime=1792493958900, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=Z, firstLetterEn=Z, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=/9FMdzA1g/v65YNirKDVig==, picEn=o7Pdo4L3Nh8JnSoifp1bTw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1319378548855517565, language=CN, name=中国公共卫生, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1792493958915, updatedTime=1792493958915, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/editorInChiefLogOn.action, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1319378548901654910, language=EN, name=Chinese Journal of Public Health, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1792493958926, updatedTime=1792493958926, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/editorInChiefLogOn.action, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1319373219989389464, websiteList=[Website(id=1319376331826119583, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1319373219989389464, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN, language=CN, createTime=1792493430334, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1792493702095, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国公共卫生-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=中国公共卫生, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1319377601878152017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1792493733138, updateTime=1792493733138, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601857180494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1792493733133, updateTime=1792493733133, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601907512148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493733145, updateTime=1792493733145, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601844597581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/file/pic?fileId=R1bpcFoY1/NiafORTvYzaA==, createTime=1792493733130, updateTime=1792493733130, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601924289366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493733149, updateTime=1792493733149, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601869763408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/file/pic, createTime=1792493733136, updateTime=1792493733136, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601915900757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493733147, updateTime=1792493733147, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601861374799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1792493733134, updateTime=1792493733134, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601886540626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1792493733140, updateTime=1792493733140, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601899123539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1792493733143, updateTime=1792493733143, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1319376331910005684, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1319373219989389464, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN, language=EN, createTime=1792493430354, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1792493697553, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国公共卫生-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Chinese Journal of Public Health, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1319377562602689343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1792493723774, updateTime=1792493723774, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562581717820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1792493723769, updateTime=1792493723769, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562636243778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493723782, updateTime=1792493723782, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562569134907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN/file/pic?fileId=R1bpcFoY1/NiafORTvYzaA==, createTime=1792493723766, updateTime=1792493723766, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562648826692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493723785, updateTime=1792493723785, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562594300734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN/file/pic, createTime=1792493723772, updateTime=1792493723772, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562640438083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493723783, updateTime=1792493723783, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562590106429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1792493723771, updateTime=1792493723771, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562615272256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1792493723777, updateTime=1792493723777, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562623660865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1792493723779, updateTime=1792493723779, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=中国公共卫生, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.zgggws.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Chinese Journal of Public Health, journalPhotoCn=/9FMdzA1g/v65YNirKDVig==, journalPhotoEn=o7Pdo4L3Nh8JnSoifp1bTw==, journalFirstLetter=Z, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/10.11847/zgggws1148941, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN/10.11847/zgggws1148941, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/PDF/10.11847/zgggws1148941, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN/PDF/10.11847/zgggws1148941, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1783612800000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
新标准下中国高龄老年人体质指数分布特征:基于2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测数据
收藏切换
PDF下载
南晶 1 , 蔡姝雅 1, 2 , 杨宇祥 1 , 王瑞莲 1 , 赵丽云 1, 2 , 于冬梅 1, 2, *, *
中国公共卫生 | 专题报道——健康体重管理行动 2026,42(7): 783-789
收起
收藏切换
中国公共卫生 |专题报道——健康体重管理行动 2026 , 42 (7) : 783 -789
新标准下中国高龄老年人体质指数分布特征:基于2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测数据
全屏
[Author(id=1320431847465669496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431847864128379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431847465669496, language=EN, stringName=Jing NAN, firstName=Jing, middleName=null, lastName=NAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431848216449916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431847465669496, language=CN, stringName=南晶, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050, bio={"content":"

南晶(2000—),博士研究生,研究方向:营养与健康流行病学

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

南晶(2000—),博士研究生,研究方向:营养与健康流行病学

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431848312918910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431848715572097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431848312918910, language=EN, stringName=Shuya CAI, firstName=Shuya, middleName=null, lastName=CAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431849046922114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431848312918910, language=CN, stringName=蔡姝雅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050
2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320431847381783412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847390172021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847398560630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431849466352516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431849541849990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431849466352516, language=EN, stringName=Yuxiang YANG, firstName=Yuxiang, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431849906754439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431849466352516, language=CN, stringName=杨宇祥, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431849994834825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431851894854541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431849994834825, language=EN, stringName=Ruilian WANG, firstName=Ruilian, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431851970352014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431849994834825, language=CN, stringName=王瑞莲, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431852054238096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431852146512787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431852054238096, language=EN, stringName=Liyun ZHAO, firstName=Liyun, middleName=null, lastName=ZHAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431852393976724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431852054238096, language=CN, stringName=赵丽云, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050
2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320431847381783412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847390172021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847398560630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050)])]), Author(id=1320431852494640022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yudm@ninh.chinacdc.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1320431852813407129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431852494640022, language=EN, stringName=Dongmei YU, firstName=Dongmei, middleName=null, lastName=YU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1320431852897293210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, authorId=1320431852494640022, language=CN, stringName=于冬梅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, *, *, address=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050
2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1320431845704061809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845725033330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431845800530803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431845704061809, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050)]), AuthorCompany(id=1320431847381783412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847390172021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1320431847398560630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320431840738005869, companyId=1320431847381783412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050)])])]
南晶1, 蔡姝雅1, 2, 杨宇祥1, 王瑞莲1, 赵丽云1, 2, 于冬梅1, 2, *, *
作者信息
  • 1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050
  • 2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050
通讯作者:
于冬梅,E-mail:
作者简介:

南晶(2000—),博士研究生,研究方向:营养与健康流行病学

Distribution characteristics of body mass index in Chinese older adults of advanced ages under the new standard: based on data from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015–2017)
Jing NAN1, Shuya CAI1, 2, Yuxiang YANG1, Ruilian WANG1, Liyun ZHAO1, 2, Dongmei YU1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
  • 2NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    YU Dongmei; E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-07-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1148941
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

研究新体质指数推荐标准下中国80岁及以上高龄老年人体质指数(BMI)水平并分析不同BMI水平人群的分布特征。

方法

共纳入2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测研究中3 262名高龄老年人,采用2025年最新发布的《高龄老年人体质指数适宜范围与体重管理标准》判定高龄老年人适宜体质指数水平,并应用国家统计局第六次人口普查数据对结果进行加权调整,采用基于复杂抽样设计校正的Rao-Scott χ2检验分析高龄老年人体质指数分布特征。

结果

2015—2017年中国80岁及以上城市高龄老年人加权BMI平均水平为(23.5±0.2)kg/m2,农村为(22.4±0.2)kg/m2,我国城乡高龄老年人BMI总体分布趋势相同,但农村高龄老年人BMI水平略低于城市高龄老年人(F=20.94,P<0.01);在新的标准下44.6%的高龄老年人BMI水平处于适宜范围,43.0%的高龄老年人BMI水平低于适宜范围;居住在农村(65.3%)、中西部地区(34.4%、25.0%)、文化水平在小学及以下(89.8%)、家庭人均年膳食支出水平较低(23.0%)的高龄老年人低于BMI适宜水平的比例较高(均P<0.01)。

结论

在新的BMI适宜范围标准下,中国80岁及以上高龄老年人BMI处于中等偏低水平,提示我国高龄老年人目前的营养问题仍以营养不足为主。了解新标准下高龄老年人的BMI水平及分布特征可为重点人群的健康管理提供新的数据支撑。

高龄老年人  /  体质指数  /  横断面研究  /  营养
Objective

To investigate body mass index (BMI) level of older adults aged 80 years and above in China under the new BMI recommendation standard and analyze the distribution characteristics of people with different BMI levels.

Methods

A total of 3 262 older adults of advanced ages from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015– 2017) were included. The appropriate BMI level of them was determined by the latest The Appropriate Range of Body Mass Index and Body Weight Management Standards for the Oldest Old published in 2025. The results were weighted and adjusted by the sixth census data of the National Bureau of Statistics. The Rao-Scott chi-square test based on complex sampling design correction was performed to analyze the distribution characteristics of BMI among the older adults of advanced ages.

Results

The weighted mean BMI of the older adults aged 80 years and above in China was (23.5±0.2) kg/m2 in urban areas and (22.4±0.2) kg/m2 in rural areas in 2015–2017. The overall distribution trends of BMI among the older adults of advanced ages were similar in urban and rural areas in China, while the BMI level in rural areas was slightly lower than that in urban areas (F = 20.94, P < 0.01). Under the new standard, 44.6% of the older adults of advanced ages had a BMI in the appropriate range, and 43.0% had a BMI below the appropriate range. The proportions of the older adults of advanced ages living in rural areas (65.3%) or in the central and western China (34.4% and 25.0%), with primary school education or below (89.8%), and with lower per capita annual dietary expenditure (23.0%) who had BMI below the appropriate range were higher (P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Under the new appropriate BMI range standard, the BMI of older adults aged 80 or above in China is at a medium to low level, suggesting that the current nutritional problems of this population in China are still dominated by undernutrition. Understanding the BMI level and distribution characteristics of this population under the new standard can provide new data support for the health management of key populations.

older adults of advanced ages  /  body mass index  /  cross-sectional study  /  nutrition
南晶, 蔡姝雅, 杨宇祥, 王瑞莲, 赵丽云, 于冬梅. 新标准下中国高龄老年人体质指数分布特征:基于2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测数据. 中国公共卫生, 2026 , 42 (7) : 783 -789 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1148941
Jing NAN, Shuya CAI, Yuxiang YANG, Ruilian WANG, Liyun ZHAO, Dongmei YU. Distribution characteristics of body mass index in Chinese older adults of advanced ages under the new standard: based on data from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015–2017)[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2026 , 42 (7) : 783 -789 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1148941
人口老龄化进程持续加快,已成为我国重要的公共卫生挑战[1]。体质指数(body mass index, BMI)是全球公认的评价体重及健康情况的重要指标[2],但现有研究基于的BMI标准指南主要适用于一般成年人,不完全适用于处于机体退行性变化阶段的高龄老年人。为此,国家卫生健康委员会于2025年发布推荐性行业标准《高龄老年人体质指数适宜范围与体重管理标准》[3],首次明确了高龄老年人BMI适宜范围推荐值。本文旨在利用全国代表性数据,基于最新发布的高龄老年人BMI适宜范围,描述2015—2017年我国80岁及以上高龄老年人BMI的水平,分析适宜BMI范围下高龄老年人的分布特征,为了解我国高龄老年人BMI分布现况、制定有针对性的体重管理策略提供数据支撑。
数据来源于2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测。该监测采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,在中国31个省(自治区、直辖市)的298个监测点内抽样,充分考虑地域、城乡等分层因素的分布均衡性。关于该监测的具体信息已在之前的研究中提供[4]。本研究中所用数据具有全国代表性。纳入标准:80岁及以上的高龄老年人。剔除标准:(1)基本信息不符合逻辑、缺失或异常;(2)身高体重测量结果不符合逻辑、缺失或异常;(3)权重数据缺失。最终纳入80岁及以上老年人3 262人。该项目通过中国疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会审查(批号:201519–B),所有调查对象或监护人调查前均已签署知情同意书。
2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测包括询问调查、医学体检、实验室检测和膳食调查4个部分内容,本研究采用询问调查、医学体检和膳食调查所得到的个人基本信息、身高体重数据以及饮酒与膳食消费信息。
该调查采用国家项目组设计、经预调查验证的标准问卷,由经过统一培训的调查员以面对面询问的方式收集研究对象的基本信息。本研究相关的社会经济学信息包括年龄、性别、城乡、地区、民族、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭年收入及膳食支出等;行为生活方式信息包括吸烟情况、身体活动情况、睡眠时间以及健康自我认知水平。
本研究纳入的医学体检包括身高、体重的测量。各监测点调查人员在现场使用统一型号的工具测量。身高测量使用TZG型身高坐高计,精确度为0.1 cm;体重测量使用百利达(TANITA)HD–390电子体重秤,精确度为0.1 kg。以上测量均需在空腹状态下进行,重复测试2次并计算平均值。
该调查可获得调查对象的食物摄入习惯及频率,本研究相关的信息为饮酒频率与饮酒量。
BMI为体重与身高平方的比值(kg/m2),BMI处于某一特定范围内,人体发生死亡等不良健康结局的风险相对较低,该范围即为体质指数适宜范围。根据2025年国家卫生健康委员会最新发布的WS/T 868—2025《高龄老年人体质指数适宜范围与体重管理标准》[3],将BMI在22.0~26.9 kg/m2区间定义为高龄老年人BMI适宜范围,BMI<22.0 kg/m2为低于BMI适宜范围,BMI>26.9 kg/m2为高于BMI适宜范围。
(1)家庭人均年收入:以问卷中年均家庭收入的四分位数为界限分别分为低收入组、中低收入组、中高收入组和高收入组,未报告者另做一组;(2)家庭人均年膳食支出:以问卷中年均家庭膳食支出的四分位数为界限分别分为低支出组、中低支出组、中高支出组和高支出组,未报告者另做一组;(3)吸烟情况:根据问卷调查项分为“目前吸烟组”、“曾吸烟目前不吸组”和“从不吸烟组”;(4)有害饮酒:以2000年WHO发布的《国际酒精消费和相关损害监测指南》推荐的标准[5],将有害饮酒量化定义为:男性饮酒者平均每天纯酒精摄入量≥61 g、女性饮酒者平均每天纯酒精摄入量≥41 g;(5)身体活动:依据《中国居民膳食指南(2022)》推荐[6],将高龄老年人一周内累计活动时长不足150 min定义为身体活动不充足;(6)睡眠时间:根据中国睡眠研究会提出的建议时长[7],将高龄老年人睡眠时间分为≤5、6~<8、≥8 h/d共3组;(7)健康自我认知水平:根据问卷内容将调查对象的健康自我认知水平分为良好、一般、较差3组。
2015—2017年中国居民营养与健康状况监测严格按照统一方案、手册与问卷,统一培训与考核,统一设备与试剂,统一数据录入与清理的原则实行质量控制。调查全程采用电子化采集,确保了数据的真实性、质量及可追溯性。身高体重测量的质量控制包括省级与国家级两部分,结果显示,省级质控员所得身高和体重符合率分别为98.5%和91.5%,国家级质控员所得身高和体重符合率分别为95.7%和88.2%,可认为数据合理可靠。
采用SAS 9.4软件清理和分析数据。以国家统计局2010年发布的第6次人口普查数据加权处理结果,得到中国80岁及以上高龄老年人不同百分位数BMI水平在城乡间的加权分布特征。采用适合于复杂抽样数据的多重线性回归方法评估城乡间BMI水平的差异。根据适宜BMI范围分组比较不同高龄老年人特征差异性,采用基于复杂抽样设计校正的Rao-Scott χ2检验计算结果。以双侧P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义,检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共纳入中国80岁及以上高龄老年人3 262人,其中,男性1 664人(51.0%)、女性1 598人(49.0%),80~<90岁组3 124人(95.8%)、90岁及以上组138人(4.2%),城市居民1 405人(43.1%)、农村居民1 857人(56.9%)。
城乡高龄老年人BMI总体分布趋势相同,但农村高龄老年人BMI水平略低于城市高龄老年人(F=20.94,P<0.01)。我国2015—2017年城市高龄老年人BMI加权分布随百分位数升高呈逐步上升趋势,总体平均水平为(23.5±0.2)kg/m2,城市高龄男性BMI平均水平为(23.5±0.2)kg/m2,高龄女性BMI平均水平为(23.6±0.2)kg/m2。低百分位数(P10~P40)时女性BMI普遍高于男性,从中位数(P50)开始,男性BMI逐渐高于女性,且高百分位数(P60~P90)时保持该趋势。我国2015—2017年农村高龄老年人BMI加权分布随百分位数升高呈逐步上升趋势,总体平均水平为(22.4±0.2)kg/m2,农村高龄男性BMI平均水平为(22.4±0.2)kg/m2,高龄女性BMI平均水平为(22.4±0.3)kg/m2。不同性别BMI百分位数变化趋势显示,农村高龄老年人与城市高龄老年人呈现出相反的趋势,低百分位数(P10~P50)时男性BMI普遍高于女性,中位数(P50)附近性别差异最小;高百分位数(P60~P90)时女性BMI逐渐高于男性,且P90时差值最大。
根据最新的BMI适宜范围分组,2015—2017年中国44.6%的高龄老年人BMI水平处于适宜范围,43.0%的高龄老年人BMI水平低于适宜范围,仅12.4%的高龄老年人BMI水平高于适宜范围,不同水平分组间差异具有统计学意义(Rao-Scott χ2=151.917 6,P<0.01)。城乡(Rao-Scott χ2=17.485 3)、地区(Rao-Scott χ2=14.813 2)、文化水平(Rao-Scott χ2=28.897 1)、家庭人均年收入(Rao-Scott χ2=15.837 5)、家庭人均年膳食支出(Rao-Scott χ2=27.428 6)、吸烟状况(Rao-Scott χ2=15.705 6)与BMI存在显著统计学关联(P<0.05)。居住在农村(65.3%)、中西部地区(34.4%、25.0%)、文化水平在小学及以下(89.8%)、家庭人均年膳食支出水平较低(23.0%)的高龄老年人低于BMI适宜水平的比例更高;家庭人均年收入高(28.8%)、目前吸烟(78.3%)的人群高于BMI适宜范围的比例更高。不同年龄段(Rao-Scott χ2=0.577 7)、不同性别(Rao-Scott χ2=1.392 2)人群的BMI分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
BMI是常用的人群健康衡量指标,也是公认的心血管疾病的独立危险因素[8]。尽管超重肥胖常被认为是一般人群中影响健康的危险因素,但对于老年人群尤其是高龄老年人,BMI低于正常水平所带来的健康问题更加严峻[9]。较低的BMI与营养不良、免疫力下降和肌肉减少等健康问题密切相关,是高龄老年人死亡风险增加的危险因素[10]。有研究表明,与BMI正常的高龄老年人相比,低体重老年人死亡风险增加约30%,而超重和轻度肥胖的高龄老年人死亡风险则降低约20%[11]。现有研究对“肥胖悖论”的讨论提示,现行成人BMI判断标准可能不适用于高龄老年人[12],故2025年国家卫生健康委发布了《高龄老年人体质指数适宜范围与体重管理标准》,分析新标准下高龄老年人的BMI水平,对于及时调整高龄老年人体重管理措施、改善高龄老年人健康与营养状况十分必要。本研究分析了新标准下中国高龄老年人BMI现况及其人群分布特征,发现中国80岁及以上高龄老年人BMI处于中等偏低水平,提示我国高龄老年人目前的营养问题仍以营养不足为主。
按照新标准推荐的BMI适宜范围分析发现,中国43.0%的高龄老年人BMI水平低于适宜范围,仅12.4%的高龄老年人BMI水平高于适宜范围,该结果略高于国内目前的相关研究[12],若本研究人群沿用《中国居民膳食指南(2022)》所推荐的适宜范围20.0~26.9 kg/m2分组,将仅有21.1%的高龄老年人BMI水平低于适宜范围,原有标准下部分体重正常的高龄老年人在新标准下被归为低体重组,这提示临界于消瘦与正常体重间的隐形消瘦人群所面临的健康风险过往可能被忽视,应对该类人群的健康状况加以监测,早期预防,降低其发生营养不良的风险。但相同的是,近年来的各项研究均表明,与我国老年人群低体重相关的营养不良等健康问题持续增加[13–14],其带来的死亡风险不容忽视。一项长达11年的纵向研究表明,营养不良与社区老年人较短的生存时间显著相关[15],提示无论在何种标准下,均应更加关注低体重高龄老年人的营养状况。在不同BMI水平人群分布特征研究中发现,居住在农村、西部地区、文化水平较低、低收入、低膳食支出水平的高龄老年人普遍BMI水平低于适宜范围,与一项利用中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据的研究结果较为一致[16]。农村、西部地区经济水平较低,食物多样性低于经济发达地区,且该地区居民在食物选择上更易受到食物价格和消费习惯的影响[17],可能会优先选择“低价、高碳水、低蛋白”的食物[18],从而导致该人群优质蛋白质等营养素摄入不足,肌肉衰减,进一步增加其BMI偏低的可能。此外,农村及西部地区医疗资源、服务可及性低于城市和东部地区,高龄老年人获取科学的营养指导的信息渠道较为单一,且低文化水平的老年人基础营养知识较为缺乏,不清楚低体重的潜在危害,易忽略合理膳食的重要性,从而形成不健康的饮食行为,加重营养不足风险[19–22]。本研究发现,吸烟的高龄老年人BMI水平高于适宜范围,提示吸烟与高龄老年人肥胖可能存在关联,但国内外对吸烟的健康危害研究结果不甚一致。美国心脏协会指出,吸烟与肥胖风险升高有关[23],其机制可能与尼古丁抑制蛋白脂肪酶活性进而减少脂肪分解有关[24]。一项临床研究发现,老年门诊患者中,吸烟者体重降低患营养不良的风险更高[25],与本研究结果相反,考虑是因为烟草可能具有抑制食欲和促进炎症反应的作用[26],且临床研究的研究对象多具有一定基础疾病,研究群体与本研究的一般高龄老年人具有一定差异。本研究中不同年龄段、不同性别人群的BMI分布无显著差异,与既往相关研究结果不同[12],考虑是因为本研究90岁及以上的高龄老年人样本量较低,该结果需在更大样本研究中进一步验证。
本研究局限性:(1)本研究基于横断面设计,无法反映BMI水平的动态变化且无法探索不同特征因素与BMI水平的因果关联;(2)本研究身高数据由调查对象站立测量获得,未考虑高龄老年人因衰老导致的骨骼、肌肉及韧带退变问题而引起的身高测量偏倚;仅根据新标准提出的适宜BMI范围分组分析。(3)本研究中90岁及以上的高龄老年人样本量有限,未来应在更大样本中深入验证相关结果。今后可结合队列研究,进一步了解新标准下中国高龄老年人的BMI变化趋势及影响因素。
综上所述,在新的BMI适宜范围标准下,中国80岁及以上高龄老年人BMI处于中等偏低水平,城乡、地区、文化水平、经济水平、吸烟均与高龄老年人BMI水平存在显著统计学关联,提示我国高龄老年人目前的营养问题仍以营养不足为主,且与社会经济学因素、行为生活方式等诸多因素密切相关。了解新标准下高龄老年人的BMI水平及分布特征,可为重点人群的健康管理提供新的数据支撑,对进一步优化与调整高龄老年人体重管理措施具有重要意义。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
施小明. 新形势下我国老年人口面临的主要公共卫生挑战[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2021, 101(44): 3613-3619.
2
Benjamin E J, Mutner P, Alonso A, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics–2019 update: a report from the American Heart Association[J]. Circulation, 2019, 139(10): e56-e528.
3
国家卫生健康委. 高龄老年人体质指数适宜范围与体重管理标准[EB/OL]. (2025-07-07)[2025-09-15]. https://cdc.fuzhou.gov.cn/zz/jkjy/mxfcrxjb/202507/t20250718_5049367.htm.
4
Yu D M, Zhao L Y, Zhang J, et al. China nutrition and health surveys (1982–2017)[J]. China CDC Weekly, 2021, 3(9): 193-195.
5
WHO. International guide for monitoring alcohol consumption and related harm[EB/OL]. World Health Organization, (2002-06-16)[2025-09-15]. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/international-guide-for-monitoring-alcohol-consumption-and-related-harm.
6
中国营养学会. 中国居民膳食指南(2022)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2022.
7
国家卫生健康委员会规划发展与信息化司. 《睡眠健康核心信息及释义》(节选)[J]. 中国民间疗法, 2025, 33(6): 2.
8
Powell-Wiley T M, Poirier P, Burke L E, et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American heart association[J]. Circulation, 2021, 143(21): e984-e1010.
9
Calderón-Larrañaga A, Hu X N, Guo J, et al. Body mass trajectories and multimorbidity in old age: 12-year results from a population-based study[J]. Clinical Nutrition, 2021, 40(12): 5764-5770.
10
陈蕾, 李久虎, 张桃桃. 体重指数、腰围和高龄老年人死亡风险的关联[J]. 现代预防医学, 2023, 50(11): 1945-1950.
11
Lv Y B, Zhang Y, Li X W, et al. Body mass index, waist circumference, and mortality in subjects older than 80 years: a Mendelian randomization study[J]. European Heart Journal, 2024, 45(24): 2145-2154.
12
周锦辉, 刘思馨, 章正, 等. 中国80岁及以上高龄老年人体质指数分布特征[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2023, 44(6): 855-861.
13
Shi R, Duan J, Deng Y, et al. Nutritional status of an elderly population in southwest China: a cross-sectional study based on comprehensive geriatric assessment[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 2015, 19(1): 26-32.
14
Mao Y J, Wu J Q, Liu G X, et al. Chinese expert consensus on prevention and intervention for the elderly with malnutrition (2022)[J]. Aging Medicine, 2022, 5(3): 191-203.
15
Lin W Q, Wang H H X, Yuan L X, et al. The unhealthy lifestyle factors associated with an increased risk of poor nutrition among the elderly population in China[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 2017, 21(9): 943-953.
16
Lee Y H, Liu C T, Shelley M, et al. Regional and geographical disparities in body mass index (BMI) among Chinese older adults: the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey[J]. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 2021, 40(9): 1116-1125.
17
高杨, 郑志浩, 张哲晰. 不同收入阶层农村居民的膳食质量演变: 1997—2018年[J]. 农业技术经济, 2023(11): 19-37.
18
魏潇琪, 赵丽云, 于冬梅, 等. 国内外老年人膳食模式及影响因素相关研究进展[J]. 中国食物与营养, 2022, 28(2): 58-65.
19
高键. 中老年人群膳食模式、体力活动与总体脂和代谢综合征关系的研究[D]. 上海: 复旦大学, 2012.
20
刘莎莎. 川北地区农村老年人营养素养现状及影响因素研究[D]. 锦州: 锦州医科大学, 2024.
21
鞠爱鹏. 中国高龄老人虚弱现状及影响因素分析[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2022.
22
Donini L M, Scardella P, Piombo L, et al. Malnutrition in elderly: social and economic determinants[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 2013, 17(1): 9-15.
23
Baalbaki R, Itani L, El Kebbi L, et al. Association between smoking hookahs (Shishas) and higher risk of obesity: a systematic review of population-based studies[J]. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 2019, 6(2): 23.
24
Jamali Z, Ayoobi F, Jalali Z, et al. Metabolic syndrome: a population-based study of prevalence and risk factors[J]. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14(1): 3987.
25
Van Der Schueren M A E V B D, Lonterman-Monasch S, De Vries O J, et al. Prevalence and determinants for malnutrition in geriatric outpatients[J]. Clinical Nutrition, 2013, 32(6): 1007-1011.
26
Bauer-Kemény C, Herth F J F. Smoking-toxic substances and immunological consequences[J]. Radiologie, 2022, 62(9): 731-737.
2026年第42卷第7期
PDF下载
70
27
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.11847/zgggws1148941
  • 接收时间:2025-09-19
  • 首发时间:2026-10-23
  • 出版时间:2026-07-10
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-19
  • 修回日期:2026-01-15
  • 录用日期:2026-02-24
基金
作者信息
    1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京 100050
    2国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050

通讯作者:

于冬梅,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/10.11847/zgggws1148941
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏