Article(id=1320428904557429104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1148843, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1757174400000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-07, revisedDate=1770912000000, revisedDateStr=2026-02-13, acceptedDate=1774195200000, acceptedDateStr=2026-03-23, onlineDate=1792744383228, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1788969600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792744383228, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792744383228, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792744383228, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320428830876086873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2026', volume='42', issue='9', pageStart='1025', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1788969600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792744365662, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792746244140, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320436709859381360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320436709859381361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1122, endPage=1127, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320428907975786866, articleId=1320428904557429104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Characteristics and mortality burden of unintentional poisoning deaths among young and middle-aged adults in Chongqing: an analysis based on surveillance data, 2012–2024, columnId=1320427686514770171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Survey and Report, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the trends of mortality and disease burden of accidental poisoning among young and middle-aged adults (aged 20 to < 60 years) in Chongqing, thus providing suggestions for poisoning prevention and control in this population.

Methods

Death cases of accidental poisoning from 2012 to 2024 were obtained from the Chongqing Resident Death Surveillance System. SPSS 25.0 and Excel 2010 were used to calculate indicators including the mortality, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), age-specific mortality, rate of years of life lost (YLL), and average years of life lost (AYLL). Chi-square test was conducted to compare the mortality between different genders and regions. Joinpoint regression was employed to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) for the trends of the rates.

Results

In Chongqing, the mortality and ASMR of accidental poisoning among young and middle-aged adults decreased from 3.55/100 000 and 3.41/100 000 in 2012 to 1.30/100 000 and 1.18/100 000 in 2024, with the AAPCs of −8.34% and −9.13%, respectively (both P < 0.05). The mortality of accidental poisoning in males was consistently higher than that in females (all P < 0.05). The mortality and ASMR of accidental poisoning decreased by 7.45% and 8.11% annually in males and by 10.79% and 11.66% annually in females, respectively (all P < 0.05). The mortality of accidental poisoning in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas (all P < 0.05). The mortality and ASMR of accidental poisoning decreased by 11.58% and 11.41% annually in urban areas and by 7.23% and 8.19% annually in rural areas, respectively (all P < 0.05). The rate of YLL and AYLL of accidental poisoning among young and middle-aged adults in Chongqing decreased from 1.61‰ and 45.29 years in 2012 to 0.57‰ and 44.34 years in 2024, with the AAPCs of −8.69% and −0.30%, respectively (both P < 0.05). The top four causes of death due to accidental poisoning were pesticide poisoning, alcohol poisoning, drug poisoning, and organic solvent/gas poisoning in 2012. And in 2024, they were organic solvent/gas poisoning, alcohol poisoning, pesticide poisoning, and drug poisoning. From 2012 to 2024, the proportions of pesticide poisoning and drug poisoning decreased annually by 11.05% and 4.64%, while those of organic solvent/gas poisoning and alcohol poisoning increased annually by 12.78% and 2.26%, respectively (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The mortality and disease burden of accidental poisoning among young and middle-aged adults in Chongqing show a downward trend. Males and rural residents are the key populations at risk of death due to accidental poisoning. Organic solvent/gas poisoning and alcohol poisoning are the main causes of death. Targeted interventions should be implemented for key populations and different causes of accidental poisoning.

, authors=Xianbin DING1, Xianxian YANG1, Yan JIAO1, Menghan CHEN2, Qinghua JIN3, Jie XU1, Rongkun WU4, authorsList=Xianbin DING, Xianxian YANG, Yan JIAO, Menghan CHEN, Qinghua JIN, Jie XU, Rongkun WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Qinghua JIN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
JIN Qinghua, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320428908336497011, articleId=1320428904557429104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=重庆市青壮年人群意外中毒死亡特征及死亡疾病负担:基于2012—2024年监测数据分析, columnId=1320427686770622717, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=调查报告与分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析重庆市20~<60岁青壮年人群意外中毒死亡率及死亡疾病负担变化趋势,为开展20~<60岁青壮年中毒防控提供建议。

方法

2012—2024年意外中毒死亡个案来源于重庆市居民死因监测系统。采用SPSS 25.0软件和Excel 2010计算死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率、早死所致寿命损失年(YLL)率、平均寿命损失年(AYLL)等指标。不同性别、地区死亡率比较采用χ2检验。采用Joinpoint回归计算平均年度变化百分比(AAPC),分析率的变化趋势。

结果

重庆市青壮年意外中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别由2012年的3.55/10万和3.41/10万下降到2024年的1.30/10万和1.18/10万,AAPC分别为−8.34%和−9.13%,变化趋势均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。意外中毒死亡率均是男性高于女性(均P<0.05)。男性意外中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均7.45%和8.11%下降,女性意外中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均10.79%和11.66%下降,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。农村意外中毒死亡率均高于城市(均P<0.05)。城市中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均11.58%和11.41%下降,农村意外中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均7.23%和8.19%下降,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。重庆市青壮年意外中毒所致YLL率和AYLL分别由2012的1.61‰和45.29年下降到2024年的0.57‰和44.34年,AAPC分别为−8.69%和−0.30%,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。2012年前4位意外中毒死因依次为农药中毒、酒精中毒、药物中毒和有机溶剂/气体中毒。2024年前4位意外中毒死因依次为有机溶剂/气体、酒精中毒、农药中毒和药物中毒。比较历年不同意外中毒死因构成比发现,农药中毒和药物中毒构成比分别以年均11.05%和4.64%下降,有机溶剂/气体和酒精中毒构成比分别以年均12.78%和2.26%上升,变化趋势差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。

结论

重庆市青壮年意外中毒死亡率和死亡疾病负担均呈下降趋势。男性和农村居民是意外中毒死亡的重点人群,有机溶剂/气体和酒精中毒是主要的死因。应针对重点人群和不同的意外中毒原因开展有针对性的干预。

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丁贤彬(1970—),硕士,主任医师,研究方向:慢性病与伤害预防控制

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晋清华,E-mail:
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Trends of mortality and ASMR of accidental poisoning in the population aged 20 to <60 years old from 2012 to 2024 in Chongqing city

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份男性女性χ2值P值城市农村χ2值P值合计
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
2012 4.64 4.41 2.44 2.37 8.0350.005 1.77 1.81 4.34 4.13 8.5980.003 3.55 3.41
2013 4.49 4.38 1.71 1.73 10.6060.001 2.27 2.32 3.45 3.44 4.1370.042 3.10 3.07
2014 3.74 3.67 1.78 1.85 7.4470.006 1.84 1.98 3.16 3.08 4.5950.032 2.77 2.77
2015 4.16 4.13 1.36 1.44 10.6170.001 2.23 2.24 3.00 3.04 2.6740.102 2.77 2.80
2016 3.83 3.79 1.36 1.50 9.4290.002 1.93 1.95 2.91 3.03 3.4770.062 2.60 2.66
2017 2.95 2.94 1.10 1.18 7.2040.007 1.29 1.34 2.37 2.43 3.9090.048 2.02 2.06
2018 3.11 3.13 1.00 0.95 8.1520.004 1.54 1.56 2.28 2.29 2.6930.101 2.04 2.04
2019 3.24 3.32 0.95 1.00 8.8580.003 1.40 1.45 2.42 2.52 3.6900.055 2.09 2.16
2020 3.15 2.82 1.16 1.12 7.5250.006 1.25 1.32 2.55 2.28 4.5120.034 2.16 1.97
2021 2.33 2.14 0.72 0.66 6.1780.013 0.85 0.88 1.87 1.70 3.7190.054 1.52 1.40
2022 2.31 2.18 0.67 0.60 6.5290.011 0.56 0.60 2.04 1.88 5.7140.017 1.50 1.39
2023 1.71 1.51 0.46 0.46 5.0820.024 0.41 0.47 1.45 1.25 4.0130.045 1.09 0.99
2024 1.92 1.75 0.65 0.59 5.2390.022 0.72 0.69 1.62 1.46 3.4800.062 1.30 1.18
AAPC/%−7.45 −8.11 −10.79 −11.66 −11.58 −11.41 −7.23 −8.19 −8.34 −9.13
95%CI−9.08~−5.79−9.98~−6.21−13.02~−8.51−13.73~−9.53−15.36~−7.62−14.83~−7.85−8.76~−5.67−9.77~−6.58−9.92~−6.72−10.79~−7.43
t值−9.595−9.077−9.956−11.474−6.19 −6.771−9.909−10.834−10.978−11.371
P值<0.001<0.001<0.001 <0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1320428916452475313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428904557429104, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2012—2024年重庆市20~<60岁不同特征青壮年人群中毒死亡率和标化死亡率变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份男性女性χ2值P值城市农村χ2值P值合计
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
死亡率/
(1/10万)
标化死亡率/
(1/10万)
2012 4.64 4.41 2.44 2.37 8.0350.005 1.77 1.81 4.34 4.13 8.5980.003 3.55 3.41
2013 4.49 4.38 1.71 1.73 10.6060.001 2.27 2.32 3.45 3.44 4.1370.042 3.10 3.07
2014 3.74 3.67 1.78 1.85 7.4470.006 1.84 1.98 3.16 3.08 4.5950.032 2.77 2.77
2015 4.16 4.13 1.36 1.44 10.6170.001 2.23 2.24 3.00 3.04 2.6740.102 2.77 2.80
2016 3.83 3.79 1.36 1.50 9.4290.002 1.93 1.95 2.91 3.03 3.4770.062 2.60 2.66
2017 2.95 2.94 1.10 1.18 7.2040.007 1.29 1.34 2.37 2.43 3.9090.048 2.02 2.06
2018 3.11 3.13 1.00 0.95 8.1520.004 1.54 1.56 2.28 2.29 2.6930.101 2.04 2.04
2019 3.24 3.32 0.95 1.00 8.8580.003 1.40 1.45 2.42 2.52 3.6900.055 2.09 2.16
2020 3.15 2.82 1.16 1.12 7.5250.006 1.25 1.32 2.55 2.28 4.5120.034 2.16 1.97
2021 2.33 2.14 0.72 0.66 6.1780.013 0.85 0.88 1.87 1.70 3.7190.054 1.52 1.40
2022 2.31 2.18 0.67 0.60 6.5290.011 0.56 0.60 2.04 1.88 5.7140.017 1.50 1.39
2023 1.71 1.51 0.46 0.46 5.0820.024 0.41 0.47 1.45 1.25 4.0130.045 1.09 0.99
2024 1.92 1.75 0.65 0.59 5.2390.022 0.72 0.69 1.62 1.46 3.4800.062 1.30 1.18
AAPC/%−7.45 −8.11 −10.79 −11.66 −11.58 −11.41 −7.23 −8.19 −8.34 −9.13
95%CI−9.08~−5.79−9.98~−6.21−13.02~−8.51−13.73~−9.53−15.36~−7.62−14.83~−7.85−8.76~−5.67−9.77~−6.58−9.92~−6.72−10.79~−7.43
t值−9.595−9.077−9.956−11.474−6.19 −6.771−9.909−10.834−10.978−11.371
P值<0.001<0.001<0.001 <0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1320428916540555698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428904557429104, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Trends of age-specific mortality of accidental poisoning in the population aged 20 to <60 years old from 2012 to 2024 in Chongqing city

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份20~<30岁30~<40岁40~<50岁50~<60岁
20122.013.054.224.79
20131.412.843.754.09
20141.472.343.074.10
20151.621.903.563.58
20161.401.752.914.22
20171.151.332.303.21
20181.181.272.363.25
20191.601.702.003.17
20201.531.161.863.93
20210.991.421.062.55
20221.011.051.222.49
20230.760.750.781.81
20240.921.101.211.73
AAPC/%−5.48−9.13−12.21−7.08
95%CI−8.07~−2.81−11.70~−6.49−14.72~−9.63−9.34~−4.75
t值−4.455−7.348−9.895−6.545
P值<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1320428916720910771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428904557429104, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2012—2024年重庆市20~<60岁青壮年人群中毒年龄别死亡率变化(1/10万)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份20~<30岁30~<40岁40~<50岁50~<60岁
20122.013.054.224.79
20131.412.843.754.09
20141.472.343.074.10
20151.621.903.563.58
20161.401.752.914.22
20171.151.332.303.21
20181.181.272.363.25
20191.601.702.003.17
20201.531.161.863.93
20210.991.421.062.55
20221.011.051.222.49
20230.760.750.781.81
20240.921.101.211.73
AAPC/%−5.48−9.13−12.21−7.08
95%CI−8.07~−2.81−11.70~−6.49−14.72~−9.63−9.34~−4.75
t值−4.455−7.348−9.895−6.545
P值<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1320428916788019637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428904557429104, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Trends of the rate of YLL and AYLL of accidental poisoning in the population aged 20 to <60 years old from 2012 to 2024 in Chongqing city

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份男性女性城市农村合计
YLL率/‰AYLL/年YLL率/‰AYLL/年YLL率/‰AYLL/年YLL率/‰AYLL/年YLL率/‰AYLL/年
20122.0744.561.1446.710.8447.561.9544.881.6145.29
20132.0044.500.8046.641.0245.171.5645.071.4045.09
20141.6844.840.8145.630.8646.681.4144.701.2545.09
20151.8945.530.6145.131.0647.421.3444.801.2645.43
20161.6743.500.6547.620.8845.301.2944.351.1644.58
20171.3244.810.5044.950.5945.521.0644.680.9144.85
20181.3844.550.4544.910.7045.531.0144.350.9144.64
20191.4945.800.4446.730.6848.531.1045.320.9646.01
20201.3743.470.5345.190.5846.431.1143.400.9543.93
20211.0344.030.3244.560.4249.280.8042.940.6744.15
20221.0143.720.2943.140.2850.570.8742.490.6543.59
20230.7342.850.2145.420.2049.610.6242.460.4743.39
20240.8544.090.2945.100.3446.900.7143.700.5744.34
AAPC/%−7.66−0.24−11.13−0.37−11.160.51−7.62−0.25−8.69−0.30
95%CI−9.39~−5.91−0.52~0.04−13.39~−8.82−0.73~−0.01−14.78~−7.38−0.02~1.05−9.16~−6.05−0.60~0.09−10.33~−7.02−0.51~−0.09
t值−9.319−1.88−10.106−2.246−6.2582.112−10.342−1.446−11.013−3.132
P值<0.0010.087<0.0010.046<0.0010.058<0.0010.146<0.0010.010
), ArticleFig(id=1320428916888682934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428904557429104, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2012—2024年重庆市20~<60岁青壮年人群中毒死亡YLL率和AYLL变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份男性女性城市农村合计
YLL率/‰AYLL/年YLL率/‰AYLL/年YLL率/‰AYLL/年YLL率/‰AYLL/年YLL率/‰AYLL/年
20122.0744.561.1446.710.8447.561.9544.881.6145.29
20132.0044.500.8046.641.0245.171.5645.071.4045.09
20141.6844.840.8145.630.8646.681.4144.701.2545.09
20151.8945.530.6145.131.0647.421.3444.801.2645.43
20161.6743.500.6547.620.8845.301.2944.351.1644.58
20171.3244.810.5044.950.5945.521.0644.680.9144.85
20181.3844.550.4544.910.7045.531.0144.350.9144.64
20191.4945.800.4446.730.6848.531.1045.320.9646.01
20201.3743.470.5345.190.5846.431.1143.400.9543.93
20211.0344.030.3244.560.4249.280.8042.940.6744.15
20221.0143.720.2943.140.2850.570.8742.490.6543.59
20230.7342.850.2145.420.2049.610.6242.460.4743.39
20240.8544.090.2945.100.3446.900.7143.700.5744.34
AAPC/%−7.66−0.24−11.13−0.37−11.160.51−7.62−0.25−8.69−0.30
95%CI−9.39~−5.91−0.52~0.04−13.39~−8.82−0.73~−0.01−14.78~−7.38−0.02~1.05−9.16~−6.05−0.60~0.09−10.33~−7.02−0.51~−0.09
t值−9.319−1.88−10.106−2.246−6.2582.112−10.342−1.446−11.013−3.132
P值<0.0010.087<0.0010.046<0.0010.058<0.0010.146<0.0010.010
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Trends of the proportions of poisoning causes in the population aged 20 to <60 years old from 2012 to 2024 in Chongqing city

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年份有毒生物中毒药物中毒酒精中毒有机溶剂/气体农药中毒化学品中毒
20123.0715.3321.819.5448.721.53
20133.9215.3028.5412.1337.312.80
20143.7815.3429.6211.7638.031.47
20155.2512.8233.6114.2931.932.10
20162.5112.1028.7721.0031.743.88
20174.4616.9928.1324.2324.231.95
20185.0114.2131.7526.4620.332.23
20196.5414.9933.2429.4313.352.45
20205.4113.2434.3225.9519.191.89
20214.149.0239.8528.5716.541.88
20223.329.2336.1635.4213.652.21
20236.4710.9531.3437.3112.941.00
20242.517.9529.2943.9312.134.18
AAPC/%1.10−4.642.2612.78−11.050.54
95%CI−4.22~6.71−7.10~−2.110.21~4.3510.28~15.33−13.06~−8.99−5.82~−5.82
t值0.444−3.9952.43011.830−11.2580.180
P值0.6660.0020.033<0.001<0.0010.861
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2012—2024年重庆市20~<60岁青壮年人群中毒死因构成比变化(%)

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年份有毒生物中毒药物中毒酒精中毒有机溶剂/气体农药中毒化学品中毒
20123.0715.3321.819.5448.721.53
20133.9215.3028.5412.1337.312.80
20143.7815.3429.6211.7638.031.47
20155.2512.8233.6114.2931.932.10
20162.5112.1028.7721.0031.743.88
20174.4616.9928.1324.2324.231.95
20185.0114.2131.7526.4620.332.23
20196.5414.9933.2429.4313.352.45
20205.4113.2434.3225.9519.191.89
20214.149.0239.8528.5716.541.88
20223.329.2336.1635.4213.652.21
20236.4710.9531.3437.3112.941.00
20242.517.9529.2943.9312.134.18
AAPC/%1.10−4.642.2612.78−11.050.54
95%CI−4.22~6.71−7.10~−2.110.21~4.3510.28~15.33−13.06~−8.99−5.82~−5.82
t值0.444−3.9952.43011.830−11.2580.180
P值0.6660.0020.033<0.001<0.0010.861
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重庆市青壮年人群意外中毒死亡特征及死亡疾病负担:基于2012—2024年监测数据分析
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丁贤彬 1 , 杨弦弦 1 , 焦艳 1 , 陈梦寒 2 , 晋清华 3, *, * , 许杰 1 , 吴荣昆 4
中国公共卫生 | 调查报告与分析 2026,42(9): 1122-1127
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中国公共卫生 |调查报告与分析 2026 , 42 (9) : 1122 -1127
重庆市青壮年人群意外中毒死亡特征及死亡疾病负担:基于2012—2024年监测数据分析
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丁贤彬1, 杨弦弦1, 焦艳1, 陈梦寒2, 晋清华3, *, * , 许杰1, 吴荣昆4
作者信息
  • 1重庆市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,重庆 400707
  • 2重庆市巴南区疾病预防控制中心慢病科,重庆 401320
  • 3重庆市石柱县疾病预防控制中心慢病科,重庆 409199
  • 4重庆市渝中区疾病预防控制中心慢病科,重庆 400010
通讯作者:
晋清华,E-mail:
作者简介:

丁贤彬(1970—),硕士,主任医师,研究方向:慢性病与伤害预防控制

Characteristics and mortality burden of unintentional poisoning deaths among young and middle-aged adults in Chongqing: an analysis based on surveillance data, 2012–2024
Xianbin DING1, Xianxian YANG1, Yan JIAO1, Menghan CHEN2, Qinghua JIN3 , Jie XU1, Rongkun WU4
Affiliations
  • 1Institute of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400707, China
  • 2Department of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Banan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 401320, China
  • 3Department of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shizhu County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 409199, China
  • 4Department of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Yuzhong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400010, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    JIN Qinghua, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-09-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1148843
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目的

分析重庆市20~<60岁青壮年人群意外中毒死亡率及死亡疾病负担变化趋势,为开展20~<60岁青壮年中毒防控提供建议。

方法

2012—2024年意外中毒死亡个案来源于重庆市居民死因监测系统。采用SPSS 25.0软件和Excel 2010计算死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率、早死所致寿命损失年(YLL)率、平均寿命损失年(AYLL)等指标。不同性别、地区死亡率比较采用χ2检验。采用Joinpoint回归计算平均年度变化百分比(AAPC),分析率的变化趋势。

结果

重庆市青壮年意外中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别由2012年的3.55/10万和3.41/10万下降到2024年的1.30/10万和1.18/10万,AAPC分别为−8.34%和−9.13%,变化趋势均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。意外中毒死亡率均是男性高于女性(均P<0.05)。男性意外中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均7.45%和8.11%下降,女性意外中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均10.79%和11.66%下降,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。农村意外中毒死亡率均高于城市(均P<0.05)。城市中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均11.58%和11.41%下降,农村意外中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均7.23%和8.19%下降,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。重庆市青壮年意外中毒所致YLL率和AYLL分别由2012的1.61‰和45.29年下降到2024年的0.57‰和44.34年,AAPC分别为−8.69%和−0.30%,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。2012年前4位意外中毒死因依次为农药中毒、酒精中毒、药物中毒和有机溶剂/气体中毒。2024年前4位意外中毒死因依次为有机溶剂/气体、酒精中毒、农药中毒和药物中毒。比较历年不同意外中毒死因构成比发现,农药中毒和药物中毒构成比分别以年均11.05%和4.64%下降,有机溶剂/气体和酒精中毒构成比分别以年均12.78%和2.26%上升,变化趋势差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。

结论

重庆市青壮年意外中毒死亡率和死亡疾病负担均呈下降趋势。男性和农村居民是意外中毒死亡的重点人群,有机溶剂/气体和酒精中毒是主要的死因。应针对重点人群和不同的意外中毒原因开展有针对性的干预。

意外中毒  /  死亡率  /  疾病负担  /  青壮年人群  /  趋势分析  /  重庆市
Objective

To analyze the trends of mortality and disease burden of accidental poisoning among young and middle-aged adults (aged 20 to < 60 years) in Chongqing, thus providing suggestions for poisoning prevention and control in this population.

Methods

Death cases of accidental poisoning from 2012 to 2024 were obtained from the Chongqing Resident Death Surveillance System. SPSS 25.0 and Excel 2010 were used to calculate indicators including the mortality, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), age-specific mortality, rate of years of life lost (YLL), and average years of life lost (AYLL). Chi-square test was conducted to compare the mortality between different genders and regions. Joinpoint regression was employed to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) for the trends of the rates.

Results

In Chongqing, the mortality and ASMR of accidental poisoning among young and middle-aged adults decreased from 3.55/100 000 and 3.41/100 000 in 2012 to 1.30/100 000 and 1.18/100 000 in 2024, with the AAPCs of −8.34% and −9.13%, respectively (both P < 0.05). The mortality of accidental poisoning in males was consistently higher than that in females (all P < 0.05). The mortality and ASMR of accidental poisoning decreased by 7.45% and 8.11% annually in males and by 10.79% and 11.66% annually in females, respectively (all P < 0.05). The mortality of accidental poisoning in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas (all P < 0.05). The mortality and ASMR of accidental poisoning decreased by 11.58% and 11.41% annually in urban areas and by 7.23% and 8.19% annually in rural areas, respectively (all P < 0.05). The rate of YLL and AYLL of accidental poisoning among young and middle-aged adults in Chongqing decreased from 1.61‰ and 45.29 years in 2012 to 0.57‰ and 44.34 years in 2024, with the AAPCs of −8.69% and −0.30%, respectively (both P < 0.05). The top four causes of death due to accidental poisoning were pesticide poisoning, alcohol poisoning, drug poisoning, and organic solvent/gas poisoning in 2012. And in 2024, they were organic solvent/gas poisoning, alcohol poisoning, pesticide poisoning, and drug poisoning. From 2012 to 2024, the proportions of pesticide poisoning and drug poisoning decreased annually by 11.05% and 4.64%, while those of organic solvent/gas poisoning and alcohol poisoning increased annually by 12.78% and 2.26%, respectively (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The mortality and disease burden of accidental poisoning among young and middle-aged adults in Chongqing show a downward trend. Males and rural residents are the key populations at risk of death due to accidental poisoning. Organic solvent/gas poisoning and alcohol poisoning are the main causes of death. Targeted interventions should be implemented for key populations and different causes of accidental poisoning.

unintentional poisoning  /  mortality  /  disease burden  /  young and middle-aged adults  /  trend analysis  /  Chongqing city
丁贤彬, 杨弦弦, 焦艳, 陈梦寒, 晋清华, 许杰, 吴荣昆. 重庆市青壮年人群意外中毒死亡特征及死亡疾病负担:基于2012—2024年监测数据分析. 中国公共卫生, 2026 , 42 (9) : 1122 -1127 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1148843
Xianbin DING, Xianxian YANG, Yan JIAO, Menghan CHEN, Qinghua JIN, Jie XU, Rongkun WU. Characteristics and mortality burden of unintentional poisoning deaths among young and middle-aged adults in Chongqing: an analysis based on surveillance data, 2012–2024[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2026 , 42 (9) : 1122 -1127 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1148843
2021年中国死因监测报告意外中毒死亡率为2.36/10万,居伤害死因第6位,其中15~44岁和45~64岁年龄组意外中毒死亡率分别为1.55/10万和3.07/10万[1]。有研究表明,中国意外中毒死亡率呈下降趋势[2–3]。2012—2018年重庆市意外中毒标化死亡率以年均7.60%下降,其中15~49岁年龄组和50~69岁年龄组意外中毒死亡率分别以8.15%和5.35%下降[4]。20~<60岁年龄组是经济发展和社会稳定的主要贡献者,随着社会经济的快速发展,该人群面临诸多的健康风险[5]。目前青壮年意外中毒死亡率及死亡疾病负担的研究报道较少。本研究基于2012—2024年重庆市全人群死因监测数据,分析重庆市青壮年(20~<60岁)中毒死亡特征及死亡疾病负担变化,为开展青壮年的意外中毒预防干预工作提供参考依据。
意外中毒死亡个案来源于重庆市居民死因监测系统。意外中毒死因编码采用《疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类(ICD-10)》。编码范围为:X20–X29,X40–X49[4]。根据伤害的ICD-10编码选取死亡时间为2012年1月1日—2024年12月31日年龄≥20岁但<60岁在重庆市居住≥6个月常住居民伤害死亡个案。人口资料来源于重庆市统计局每年提供的分性别和年龄组的常住人口数。城市是指重庆市9个主城区,农村是指除9个主城区外的其他29个区县及万盛经济技术开发区。本研究经重庆市疾病预防控制中心伦理审查批准(KY–2024–016–1)。
重庆市居民死亡监测覆盖所有的区县。2012—2024年每年报告粗死亡率均在6.5‰以上,死亡报告由各级各类医疗机构进行报告,民政、公安和卫生行政部门定期共享数据。重庆市将报告粗死亡率、迟审率、死因编码不正确率纳入对区(县)的年度考核,保证了死因监测数据的完整性和可靠性。历年死因报告不准确率低于5%,重卡率低于5%,质控指标均达到国家死因监测质控的要求。
意外中毒死亡个案采用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析。采用Excel 2010计算死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率、早死导致寿命损失年(years of life lost, YLL)率、平均寿命损失年(average years of life lost, AYLL)[6]。YLL=N×L,式中N为各年龄组的死亡人数,L为各年龄组的寿命损失值,即GBD 2010标准简略寿命表中该死亡年龄点所对应的期望寿命值[6],YLL率(‰)=YLL/P×1 000,式中P为某人口总数,AYLL=YLL/D,D为某种死因的死亡总数[6]。采用2010年全国第6次人口普查标准人口构成进行标化。采用χ2检验进行不同性别和地区死亡率差异比较。采用Joinpoint 5.0.2计算平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent of change, AAPC)[6]分析率的趋势变化,采用t检验进行AAPC统计学差异检验。检验水准双侧α=0.05。
重庆市20~<60岁青壮年中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别由2012年的3.55/10万和3.41/10万下降到2024年的1.30/10万和1.18/10万;AAPC分别为−8.34%和−9.13%,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。中毒死亡率均是男性高于女性(均P<0.05)。男性中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均7.45%和8.11%下降,女性中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均10.79%和11.66%下降,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。农村中毒死亡率均高于城市(均P<0.05)。城市中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均11.58%和11.41%下降,农村中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以年均7.23%和8.19%下降,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。
比较历年不同年龄段中毒死亡率发现,20~<30岁、30~<40岁、40~<50岁和50~<60岁分别以年均5.48%、9.13%、12.21%和7.08%下降,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。青壮年中毒死亡率总体随年龄增长而呈上升趋势。
重庆市青壮年中毒所致YLL率和AYLL分别由2012的1.61‰和45.29年下降至2024年的0.57‰和44.34年;AAPC分别为−8.69%和−0.30%,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。男性、女性、城市和农村YLL率分别以年均7.66%、11.13%、11.16%和7.62%下降,女性AYLL以年均0.37%下降,变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。
2012年前4位中毒死因依次为农药中毒、酒精中毒、药物中毒和有机溶剂/气体中毒;2024年前4位中毒死因依次为有机溶剂/气体、酒精中毒、农药中毒和药物中毒。比较历年不同中毒死因构成比发现,农药中毒和药物中毒构成比分别以年均11.05%和4.64%下降,有机溶剂/气体和酒精中毒构成比分别以年均12.78%和2.26%上升,变化趋势差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。比较2024年不同年龄组死因构成发现,20~<30、30~<40岁年龄组均是有机溶剂/气体中毒占比最高,随着年龄的增长酒精中毒比例呈上升趋势,50~<60岁年龄组酒精中毒占35.24%,而有机溶剂/气体中毒比例随年龄增长呈下降趋势。
本研究针对20~<60岁青壮年人群中毒死亡特征及死亡疾病负担进行系统分析。研究发现,2021年重庆市青壮年中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别为1.52/10万和1.40/10万,与2021年全国15~44岁年龄组的死亡率[1]接近。重庆市青壮年中毒死亡率和标化死亡率分别以8.34%和9.13%下降。该人群中毒死亡率快速下降可能有3个原因:(1)加强有毒物质的监测和管理,减少了暴露于有毒化学品的机会[7];(2)政府及相关部门加强对危险化学品使用和储存的宣传和教育力度,提高了公众的安全意识和认知,采取更多有效的保护措施[8];(3)社会经济和城市化的快速发展,提高了医疗救治的可及性和能力[9]。本研究发现,农药中毒和药物中毒构成比呈下降趋势,进一步印证了强化有毒物质监管政策的成效。有机溶剂/气体和酒精中毒构成比呈上升趋势,未来需加强对职业性有机溶剂暴露的防控和倡导健康饮酒,减少酒精中毒导致的死亡发生。此外,重庆市20~<60岁人群中毒所致YLL率和AYLL均呈下降趋势,与死亡率一致。但AYLL均在40年以上。由此可见,每1例中毒导致的寿命损失年仍然很高,加强中毒的预防和救治仍然是该人群防控的工作重点。
男性中毒死亡率高于女性,可能与男性从事危险工种增加了暴露于有毒物质的机会以及男性饮酒率高等因素有关[2,10–11]。男性与女性中毒死亡率均呈快速下降趋势。农村地区中毒死亡率高于城市地区,与农村地区因职业的原因易接触农药、有毒的化学品[12–13]、农村居民采取烧煤、木材等取暖易发生一氧化碳中毒[14],以及农村地区食物贮存条件较差或误食蘑菇等有毒食物发生中毒[15–16]、农村地区有害饮酒率高于城市[17]、农村地区医疗资源相对较少,发生中毒后救治能力相对较弱有关[18]。上述因素均是导致农村地区意外中毒死亡率高于城市的原因。由此可见,男性和农村居民是中毒防控的重点人群。应加强该人群的健康教育,提高预防中毒的意识,做好职业防护,倡导健康的生活方式,从而降低中毒发生的风险。
中毒死亡率总体随着年龄的增加而呈上升趋势,可能与随着年龄增长患慢性病如高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病的风险增加,更易发生中毒[19]。值得关注的是50~<60岁年龄段酒精中毒死亡占比第1位的中毒死因。既往有研究显示,50~59岁年龄组过去12个月饮酒率41.1%,平均每天酒精摄入量23.0 g,高于低年龄组[10],再加上随着年龄的增加患有基础性疾病,更易发生酒精中毒死亡。因此,预防中毒的发生,应针对不同年龄段中毒死亡的特征,开展有针对性的健康教育,降低暴露于有毒有害物质的机会。
比较不同中毒死因构成比发现,药物中毒和农药中毒导致的死亡构成比分别以年均4.64%和11.05%下降,与既往研究发现一致[2,20]。与近年来加强农药和药物的管理,减少了暴露于有毒药物和农药的机会有关[21–22]。有机溶剂/气体中毒死亡以12.78%上升,2024年是中毒死亡首位的死因,占中毒死亡的43.93%,可能与城市化、工业化的快速发展,在从事职业时暴露于有机溶剂/气体的机会增加有关[23–24],进而导致急性中毒死亡。因此,青壮年应加强职业防护安全管理和教育,降低职业暴露于有机溶剂或气体的机会。酒精中毒死亡构成比以2.26%上升,2024年成为第2位中毒死因,占29.29%。既往研究发现,酒精中毒是急性中毒的第1位原因[25],也是重庆市主城区急性中毒就诊的第1位原因[26]。可能与我国历史悠久的酒文化以及青壮年将饮酒作为社交手段等有关[10,25–26]。因此,倡导健康饮酒或禁酒应成为社会新时尚,通过政策倡导、税收等多种方法限制酒精消费[27]。
本研究利用全死因监测数据分析重庆市青壮年中毒死亡特征及变化趋势。研究发现,重庆市中毒死亡率、死亡疾病负担均呈下降趋势,男性和农村居民是中毒死亡高发的人群,有机溶剂/气体中毒死亡和酒精中毒死亡构成比均呈上升趋势。应针对不同的人群和中毒的死因开展有针对性的预防。但本研究也存在一定的局限性:(1)数据来源于死因监测,在死因推断中可能存在错分的情况;(2)对于中毒缺乏更多的信息用于分析导致中毒的原因。未来可以采用回顾性调查的方式进行深入研究,从而为制定精准预防干预措施提供依据。

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2026年第42卷第9期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1148843
  • 接收时间:2025-09-07
  • 首发时间:2026-10-23
  • 出版时间:2026-09-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-07
  • 修回日期:2026-02-13
  • 录用日期:2026-03-23
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    1重庆市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,重庆 400707
    2重庆市巴南区疾病预防控制中心慢病科,重庆 401320
    3重庆市石柱县疾病预防控制中心慢病科,重庆 409199
    4重庆市渝中区疾病预防控制中心慢病科,重庆 400010

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