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Article(id=1320428849876284143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1148502, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1753545600000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-27, revisedDate=1756656000000, revisedDateStr=2025-09-01, acceptedDate=1773158400000, acceptedDateStr=2026-03-11, onlineDate=1792744370192, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1788969600000, pubDateStr=2026-09-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792744370192, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792744370192, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792744370192, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320428830876086873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2026', volume='42', issue='9', pageStart='1025', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1788969600000', pubDateStr='2026-09-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792744365662, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792746244140, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320436709859381360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320436709859381361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320428830876086873, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1060, endPage=1065, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320428850220217072, articleId=1320428849876284143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Current situation and influencing factors of epidemiological investigation capabilities among professional technical personnel in district-level centers for disease control and prevention in Guangzhou: a cross-sectional survey, 2024, columnId=1320428832075657818, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Special Report—Innovating Health Workforce Development, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To understand the current status of epidemiological investigation capabilities among professional technical personnel in district-level centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs) of Guangzhou, and to explore the influencing factors.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among professional technical personnel from district-level CDCs in Guangzhou via online questionnaires. The questionnaire contents included the basic demographics, epidemiological investigation capabilities, and comprehensive personal competencies of the participants. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted to study the basic characteristics of the participants, and multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to explore the influencing factors of their epidemiological investigation capabilities and comprehensive personal competencies.

Results

A total of 335 participants of professional technical personnel from district-level CDCs were included. The proportions were high for females (60.60%), those aged 30–40 (42.99%), those with a undergraduate degree (61.49%), those majoring in preventive medicine (80.89%), those with primary professional titles (42.39%), and those with < 5 years of work hours in infectious disease-related departments (63.88%). The epidemiological investigation capability assessment showed that the analytical and reporting ability had the lowest score [(2.74 ± 1.00) points], while the organizational preparation ability had the highest score [(3.10 ± 0.99) points]. For comprehensive personal competency assessment, public speaking ability had the lowest score [(2.92 ± 0.86) points], and teamwork ability had the highest score [(3.72 ± 0.74) points]. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that epidemiological investigation capabilities were associated with gender (β = –0.41), educational background (β = 0.29), major (β = –0.40), professional title (β = 0.21), and work experience in infectious disease-related departments (β = 0.23) (all P<0.05). Comprehensive personal competencies were associated with gender (β = –0.22), educational background (β = 0.27), major (β = –0.12), and professional title (β = 0.12) (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The analytical and reporting capability of professional technical personnel in district-level CDCs of Guangzhou needs to be strengthened. Establishing academic upgrading and continuing education platforms, along with strengthening practical training in infectious disease-related departments, can improve the epidemiological investigation capabilities and comprehensive professional literacy of personnel in primary-level CDCs.

, authors=Wanwen YAO, Weitao YE, Ke LI, Xianwu ZHONG, Wenwei XIAO, authorsList=Wanwen YAO, Weitao YE, Ke LI, Xianwu ZHONG, Wenwei XIAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wanwen YAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
YAO Wanwen, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320428851604337403, articleId=1320428849876284143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员流行病学调查能力及影响因素：一项2024年现况调查, columnId=1320428832243429980, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=专题报道——卫生人才培养新路径, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员的流行病学调查（简称“流调”）能力现状，并探讨其影响因素。

方法

采用现况调查方法，通过线上问卷方式对广州市区疾控中心的专业技术人员进行调查。问卷内容包括调查对象基本情况、流调能力及个人综合能力情况。以描述性流行病学分析调查对象的基本情况，采取多重线性回归分析流调能力及个人综合能力的影响因素。

结果

共纳入335名区级疾控中心专业技术人员。其中女性（60.60%）、年龄30～40岁（42.99%）、本科学历（61.49%）、预防医学专业（80.89%）、初级职称（42.39%）、传染病相关部门工作时间<5年（63.88%）的人员占比较高。专业技术人员流调能力得分结果显示，分析报告能力得分[（2.74±1.00）分]最低，组织准备能力得分[（3.10±0.99）分]最高；个人综合能力得分结果显示，演讲表达能力得分[（2.92±0.86）分]最低，团队合作能力得分[（3.72±0.74）分]最高。多重线性回归分析结果显示，流调能力与性别（β= −0.41）、文化程度（β=0.29）、专业（β= −0.40）、职称（β=0.21）、传染病相关部门工作时间（β=0.23）有关（均P<0.05）；个人综合能力与性别（β= −0.22）、文化程度（β=0.27）、专业（β= −0.12）、职称（β=0.12）有关（均P<0.05）。

结论

广州市区级疾控机构专业技术人员在流调中的分析报告能力有待加强，可通过搭建学历提升与继续教育平台、加强传染病相关部门工作实践，以提高基层疾控人员的流调能力与综合素养。

, authors=姚婉雯*, *, 叶伟涛, 李科, 钟贤武, 肖文伟, authorsList=姚婉雯, 叶伟涛, 李科, 钟贤武, 肖文伟, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=姚婉雯, authorNote=

姚婉雯（1995—），主管医师，硕士，研究方向：公共卫生管理、疾病控制

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姚婉雯，E-mail：
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Basic information of professional technical personnel in district-level CDCs in Guangzhou (n=335)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类人数构成比/%
性别男13239.40
女20360.60
年龄组/岁<3011233.43
30～<4014442.99
40～<505315.82
≥50267.76
文化程度大专及以下133.88
本科20661.49
研究生11634.63
专业预防医学27180.89
临床医学154.48
其他医学相关专业216.27
非医学相关专业288.36
职称无职称267.76
初级14242.39
中级10230.45
副高及以上6519.40
传染病相关部门工作时间/年<521463.88
5～<106118.21
10～<204212.54
≥20185.37
), ArticleFig(id=1320428856146768683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428849876284143, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员基本情况（n=335）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类人数构成比/%
性别男13239.40
女20360.60
年龄组/岁<3011233.43
30～<4014442.99
40～<505315.82
≥50267.76
文化程度大专及以下133.88
本科20661.49
研究生11634.63
专业预防医学27180.89
临床医学154.48
其他医学相关专业216.27
非医学相关专业288.36
职称无职称267.76
初级14242.39
中级10230.45
副高及以上6519.40
传染病相关部门工作时间/年<521463.88
5～<106118.21
10～<204212.54
≥20185.37
), ArticleFig(id=1320428857807713068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428849876284143, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Epidemiological investigation capabilities and personal comprehensive competencies of professional technical personnel with different characteristics in district-level CDCs of Guangzhou ($ \overline{x} $±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类流调能力个人综合能力
分数F值P值分数F值P值
性别男3.15±0.9717.860<0.0013.38±0.608.9600.003
女2.70±0.933.17±0.65
年龄/岁<302.80±0.880.5900.6223.15±0.541.7000.167
30～<402.95±0.893.31±0.60
40～<502.88±1.233.32±0.81
≥502.77±1.133.26±0.77
文化程度大专及以下2.49±1.014.0300.0192.90±0.706.5500.002
本科2.80±0.983.19±0.67
研究生3.06±0.903.41±0.53
专业预防医学3.10±0.8435.080<0.0013.33±0.589.550<0.001
临床医学2.23±1.052.81±1.13
其他医学相关专业1.99±0.633.17±0.47
非医学相关专业1.70±0.882.79±0.63
职称无职称2.20±0.9610.920<0.0012.94±0.786.630<0.001
初级2.84±0.903.18±0.65
中级2.79±0.933.28±0.51
副高及以上3.36±0.963.51±0.65
传染病相关部门工作时间/年<52.70±0.988.080<0.0013.19±0.652.7600.042
5～<103.01±0.783.28±0.58
10～<203.38±0.883.45±0.52
≥203.29±0.983.47±0.76
), ArticleFig(id=1320428857950319405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320428849876284143, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

广州市区级疾控中心不同特征专业技术人员流调能力及个人综合能力情况（$ \overline{x} $±s）

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特征分类流调能力个人综合能力
分数F值P值分数F值P值
性别男3.15±0.9717.860<0.0013.38±0.608.9600.003
女2.70±0.933.17±0.65
年龄/岁<302.80±0.880.5900.6223.15±0.541.7000.167
30～<402.95±0.893.31±0.60
40～<502.88±1.233.32±0.81
≥502.77±1.133.26±0.77
文化程度大专及以下2.49±1.014.0300.0192.90±0.706.5500.002
本科2.80±0.983.19±0.67
研究生3.06±0.903.41±0.53
专业预防医学3.10±0.8435.080<0.0013.33±0.589.550<0.001
临床医学2.23±1.052.81±1.13
其他医学相关专业1.99±0.633.17±0.47
非医学相关专业1.70±0.882.79±0.63
职称无职称2.20±0.9610.920<0.0012.94±0.786.630<0.001
初级2.84±0.903.18±0.65
中级2.79±0.933.28±0.51
副高及以上3.36±0.963.51±0.65
传染病相关部门工作时间/年<52.70±0.988.080<0.0013.19±0.652.7600.042
5～<103.01±0.783.28±0.58
10～<203.38±0.883.45±0.52
≥203.29±0.983.47±0.76
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广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员流行病学调查能力及影响因素：一项2024年现况调查
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姚婉雯 *, * , 叶伟涛 , 李科 , 钟贤武 , 肖文伟
中国公共卫生 | 专题报道——卫生人才培养新路径 2026,42(9): 1060-1065
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中国公共卫生 |专题报道——卫生人才培养新路径 2026 , 42 (9) : 1060 -1065
广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员流行病学调查能力及影响因素：一项2024年现况调查
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姚婉雯（1995—），主管医师，硕士，研究方向：公共卫生管理、疾病控制

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姚婉雯*, * , 叶伟涛, 李科, 钟贤武, 肖文伟
作者信息
  • 广州市疾病预防控制中心（广州市卫生监督所）应急管理与卫生保障部，广州 510440
通讯作者:
姚婉雯，E-mail：
作者简介:

姚婉雯（1995—），主管医师，硕士，研究方向：公共卫生管理、疾病控制

Current situation and influencing factors of epidemiological investigation capabilities among professional technical personnel in district-level centers for disease control and prevention in Guangzhou: a cross-sectional survey, 2024
Wanwen YAO , Weitao YE, Ke LI, Xianwu ZHONG, Wenwei XIAO
Affiliations
  • Department of Emergency Management and Health Security, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Guangzhou Health Supervision Institute), Guangzhou 510440, China
    • Corresponding Author:
    YAO Wanwen, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-09-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1148502
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摘要
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目的

了解广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员的流行病学调查（简称“流调”）能力现状，并探讨其影响因素。

方法

采用现况调查方法，通过线上问卷方式对广州市区疾控中心的专业技术人员进行调查。问卷内容包括调查对象基本情况、流调能力及个人综合能力情况。以描述性流行病学分析调查对象的基本情况，采取多重线性回归分析流调能力及个人综合能力的影响因素。

结果

共纳入335名区级疾控中心专业技术人员。其中女性（60.60%）、年龄30～40岁（42.99%）、本科学历（61.49%）、预防医学专业（80.89%）、初级职称（42.39%）、传染病相关部门工作时间<5年（63.88%）的人员占比较高。专业技术人员流调能力得分结果显示，分析报告能力得分[（2.74±1.00）分]最低，组织准备能力得分[（3.10±0.99）分]最高；个人综合能力得分结果显示，演讲表达能力得分[（2.92±0.86）分]最低，团队合作能力得分[（3.72±0.74）分]最高。多重线性回归分析结果显示，流调能力与性别（β= −0.41）、文化程度（β=0.29）、专业（β= −0.40）、职称（β=0.21）、传染病相关部门工作时间（β=0.23）有关（均P<0.05）；个人综合能力与性别（β= −0.22）、文化程度（β=0.27）、专业（β= −0.12）、职称（β=0.12）有关（均P<0.05）。

结论

广州市区级疾控机构专业技术人员在流调中的分析报告能力有待加强，可通过搭建学历提升与继续教育平台、加强传染病相关部门工作实践，以提高基层疾控人员的流调能力与综合素养。

疾病预防控制机构  /  基层  /  流行病学调查  /  影响因素  /  继续教育  /  专业技术人员  /  广州市
Objective

To understand the current status of epidemiological investigation capabilities among professional technical personnel in district-level centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs) of Guangzhou, and to explore the influencing factors.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among professional technical personnel from district-level CDCs in Guangzhou via online questionnaires. The questionnaire contents included the basic demographics, epidemiological investigation capabilities, and comprehensive personal competencies of the participants. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted to study the basic characteristics of the participants, and multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to explore the influencing factors of their epidemiological investigation capabilities and comprehensive personal competencies.

Results

A total of 335 participants of professional technical personnel from district-level CDCs were included. The proportions were high for females (60.60%), those aged 30–40 (42.99%), those with a undergraduate degree (61.49%), those majoring in preventive medicine (80.89%), those with primary professional titles (42.39%), and those with < 5 years of work hours in infectious disease-related departments (63.88%). The epidemiological investigation capability assessment showed that the analytical and reporting ability had the lowest score [(2.74 ± 1.00) points], while the organizational preparation ability had the highest score [(3.10 ± 0.99) points]. For comprehensive personal competency assessment, public speaking ability had the lowest score [(2.92 ± 0.86) points], and teamwork ability had the highest score [(3.72 ± 0.74) points]. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that epidemiological investigation capabilities were associated with gender (β = –0.41), educational background (β = 0.29), major (β = –0.40), professional title (β = 0.21), and work experience in infectious disease-related departments (β = 0.23) (all P<0.05). Comprehensive personal competencies were associated with gender (β = –0.22), educational background (β = 0.27), major (β = –0.12), and professional title (β = 0.12) (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The analytical and reporting capability of professional technical personnel in district-level CDCs of Guangzhou needs to be strengthened. Establishing academic upgrading and continuing education platforms, along with strengthening practical training in infectious disease-related departments, can improve the epidemiological investigation capabilities and comprehensive professional literacy of personnel in primary-level CDCs.

centers for disease control and prevention  /  primary level  /  epidemiological investigation  /  influencing factor  /  continuing education  /  professional technical personnel  /  Guangzhou city
姚婉雯, 叶伟涛, 李科, 钟贤武, 肖文伟. 广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员流行病学调查能力及影响因素：一项2024年现况调查. 中国公共卫生, 2026 , 42 (9) : 1060 -1065 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1148502
Wanwen YAO, Weitao YE, Ke LI, Xianwu ZHONG, Wenwei XIAO. Current situation and influencing factors of epidemiological investigation capabilities among professional technical personnel in district-level centers for disease control and prevention in Guangzhou: a cross-sectional survey, 2024[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2026 , 42 (9) : 1060 -1065 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1148502
正文
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在过去的几十年里，人类经历了一波又一波新发、再发传染病疫情。21世纪以来，全球平均每年至少有一种新的突发急性传染病出现[1]。随着全球一体化进程加快、人口流动频繁、气候变化等因素影响，新发突发传染病对人类健康安全和社会经济发展构成的威胁不断增大。流行病学调查（简称“流调”）是突发公共卫生事件应急处置的重要内容，流调能力是疾病预防控制机构（简称“疾控机构”）专业人员的核心业务能力。流调作为突发公共卫生事件应急处置的核心环节，其质量水平很大程度上关系到能否准确研判疫情风险和及时有效控制疫情蔓延[2]。新型冠状病毒感染疫情（简称“新冠疫情”）的发生，凸显出基层疾控机构流调专业技术力量有待加强，专业技术人员应急处置实践经验不足等问题[3–4]。2023年12月国务院办公厅发布的《国务院办公厅关于推动疾病预防控制事业高质量发展的指导意见》[5]指出，要全面提升疾控机构专业能力，切实强化传染病现场应急处置能力。因此，本研究于2024年6月对广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员进行调查，了解基层疾控机构专业技术人员的流调能力现状、存在的薄弱环节并探讨其影响因素，为流调队伍能力建设和公共卫生人才培养提供参考依据。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
2024年6月对广州市区疾控中心的专业技术人员进行调查。纳入标准为满足以下条件之一的人员：（1）传染病防控相关科室的专业技术人员；（2）流调队伍或卫生应急队伍人员；（3）参加过各类现场流行病学培训项目的人员；（4）参与过现场流调工作的人员。本研究通过广州市疾控中心（市卫监所）伦理审批委员会审查（审批编号：GZCDC–ECHR–2024P0177）
1.2　方法
本研究采用现况调查方法，使用自行设计的调查问卷进行调查。问卷内容包括调查对象的基本情况、流调能力情况、个人综合能力情况等。在正式进行调查前开展预调查，根据预调查情况对问卷进行修改完善。流调能力和个人综合能力部分问卷可靠性分析Cronbach′s α系数值分别为0.75和0.73，调查问卷信度良好。通过“粤政易”平台向广州市区级疾控中心发送调查问卷链接，调查对象以自愿参与为原则，通过问卷链接在线匿名填写调查问卷。在调查前告知调查目的，说明问卷的回答方式，各区级疾控中心指定专人负责组织本单位有关人员参与调查，以保证调查质量。
1.3　指标定义
（1）流调能力：包括组织准备能力、现场调查能力、实施控制能力、分析报告能力4个方面。其中，组织准备能力指流调工作开展前，进行统筹规划、物资、人员调配等能力；现场调查能力指进入疫情现场，开展个案调查、暴露史溯源、密切接触者判定等实操能力；实施控制能力指针对疫情传播风险采取及时、有效的干预措施，阻断传播链条的能力；分析报告能力指对现场调查获取的各类数据和信息进行整理、分析、研判，并形成流调报告的能力。（2）个人综合能力：包括沟通协调能力、组织管理能力、现场快速反应能力、分析决策能力、团队合作能力、演讲表达能力6个方面。能力得分均采用Likert 5级评分法评价，1分为最低分、5分为最高分，得分越高、能力越强。其中，流调能力情况为4个方面能力得分的平均分，个人综合能力情况为6个方面能力得分的平均分。
1.4　统计分析
以Excel 2019建立数据库及数据清洗。采用SAS V 9.4软件统计描述和分析数据、GraphPad Prism 9绘图。采用$ \overline{x}\pm s $描述服从正态分布的定量变量，以频数和构成比描述分类变量；使用雷达图展示流调能力及个人综合能力。采用方差分析进行组间均值的比较，多重线性回归分析探索流调能力及个人综合能力的影响因素，并使用森林图展示影响因素的95%置信区间（95%CI）。计算回归模型变量之间的方差膨胀因子（variance inflation factor, VIF），当VIF<5，表明变量之间不存在共线性。检验水准为α=0.05（双侧）。
2　结　果
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2.1　基本情况（表1）
共纳入335名区级疾控中心专业技术人员。其中，女性占比较高（60.60%），年龄集中在30～40岁（42.99%），以本科文化程度（61.49%）、预防医学专业（80.89%）、初级职称（42.39%）为主；传染病相关部门工作时间<5年的占比较高（63.88%）。
2.2　流调能力和个人综合能力得分情况（图1）
调查对象的流调能力得分为（2.88±0.97）分，其中，得分最高的是组织准备能力（3.10±0.99）分，得分最低的是分析报告能力（2.74±1.00）分。个人综合能力得分为（3.24±0.68）分；其中，得分最高的是团队合作能力（3.72±0.74）分，得分最低的是演讲表达能力（2.92±0.86）分。
2.3　不同特征人员流调能力和个人综合能力得分情况 （表2）
方差分析结果显示，不同性别（F=17.860）、文化程度（F=4.030）、专业（F=35.080）、职称（F=10.920）、传染病相关部门工作时间（F=8.080）调查对象的流调能力得分比较差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；不同性别（F=8.960）、文化程度（F=6.550）、专业（F=9.550）、职称（F=6.630）、传染病相关部门工作时间（F=2.760）调查对象的个人综合能力得分比较差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。
2.4　流调能力和个人综合能力的影响因素分析（图2）
将性别、年龄、文化程度、专业、职称、传染病相关部门工作经验作为自变量，流调能力或个人综合能力作为因变量，进行多重线性回归分析。多重共线性分析结果显示，变量间的VIF在1.04～2.43。回归结果显示，性别为男性（β= −0.41）、文化程度越高（β=0.29）、专业与医学相关（β= −0.40）、职称越高（β=0.21）、传染病相关部门工作时间越长（β=0.23）流调能力越强；性别为男性（β= −0.22）、文化程度越高（β=0.27）、专业与医学相关（β= −0.12）、职称越高（β=0.12）个人综合能力越强（均P<0.05）。
3　讨　论
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建立训练有素、技术过硬的流调队伍对于有效应对突发公共卫生事件具有重要意义[6–7]。本研究显示，广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员中女性构成比例较高，年龄构成以中青年（30～40岁）为主，本科学历、中初级职称占多数。与汕头市、重庆市及全国县区级疾控中心调查结果相似[8–10]；但与2013年哈尔滨市[11]、2018年浙江省的调查结果存在差异[12]。人员结构的变化主要是2020年新冠病毒感染疫情发生后，各地基层疾控机构扩大专业人员招聘、新入职的人员增多，使疾控机构人员的年龄、学历、职称等发生了改变[13]。
流调的实施包括多个环节，从调查前的准备到现场调查、统计分析、实施控制措施、形成调查分析报告等。本研究中，疾控中心专业技术人员流调的组织准备、现场调查环节能力均在3分以上，但分析报告能力的得分最低，显示出疾控专业技术人员调查病例后，利用收集到的数据资料进行统计分析、流行病学总结报告的能力较弱，这与既往的研究结果相似[14–15]。开展疾控人员专业培训时，需着重强化统计软件操作技能与流行病学分析方法等核心内容的系统训练。流调处置不仅要求专业技术人员具备相关的专业知识，还需要有丰富的实践经验[16]。本调查结果显示，区级疾控专业技术人员流调能力与传染病相关部门工作时间有关，这与国内外多项研究结果一致[15,17–19]。研究表明，随着从事传染病相关工作年限增长、现场调查处置经验不断积累，储备了较为丰富的专业知识及技能，流调能力也得到相应提高。同时本研究发现，区级疾控中心专业技术人员的传染病相关部门工作时间≤5年的占比较高（63.88%）。主要与近年来基层疾控中心新招录的人员较多，但缺乏规范的流调技能培训，传染病相关工作经验不足，独立应对突发公共卫生事件处置能力欠缺有关。应加强新入职人员的业务培训，增加其在传染病相关部门的工作经验、提高疾控机构的总体卫生应急能力。性别也是影响流调能力的因素之一。因此，在流调队伍组建时，应注意男女比例的均衡，以更好地发挥性别优势，提高流调队伍的应急处理能力。
高质量流调工作的顺利开展，不仅依赖流行病学专业方法的熟练运用，还离不开流调人员综合能力素养的有力支撑[16]。广州市区级疾控中心专业技术人员表现出较好的团队合作和沟通协调能力。疾控人员在开展疫情处置、风险研判时，常常需要联合公安、教育、街道、社区等多部门合作完成，并对疫情专业信息答疑解惑及公众媒体开展健康宣教[20]，有效推动了疾控人员团队协作能力且显著提升了沟通能力。演讲表达能力作为重要的沟通技能，在提升个人职场竞争力、推动专业技术职称晋升进程中发挥着关键作用。但由于基层疾控人员工作任务重、压力大，经常加班[21–22]，且作为基层工作人员，较少能有高层次的表现平台，鲜有在大型会议、培训中汇报、交流的机会。因此，演讲表达能力较弱。流调能力和综合能力影响因素分析结果均表明，专业与医学相关、高学历、高职称的疾控专业技术人员流调和综合能力更强。提示疾控机构可通过搭建学历提升与继续教育平台，增强在职人员的综合业务能力；此外，在疾控人才招聘中，要严格执行人员准入制度，提高医学相关专业人员的占比，加强疾控体系人才队伍的专业化建设[23]。
本研究存在一定的局限性。本调查的流调和个人综合能力相关指标的评价采用自我评分的方式，其结果存在一定的主观性。其次，本研究的调查对象以自愿为原则填写问卷，可能存在信息偏移，但本研究的调查范围覆盖广州市所有区级疾控中心，样本仍具有一定的代表性。

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2026年第42卷第9期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1148502
  • 接收时间：2025-07-27
  • 首发时间：2026-10-23
  • 出版时间：2026-09-10
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  • 收稿日期：2025-07-27
  • 修回日期：2025-09-01
  • 录用日期：2026-03-11
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    广州市疾病预防控制中心（广州市卫生监督所）应急管理与卫生保障部，广州 510440

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姚婉雯，E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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