首页 期刊 论文 学科刊群 资讯 加盟 关于
EN
image
Article(id=1321169694388760811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321169668631548508, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1147049, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1739116800000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-10, revisedDate=1748620800000, revisedDateStr=2025-05-31, acceptedDate=1754928000000, acceptedDateStr=2025-08-12, onlineDate=1792921001287, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1757433600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921001287, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921001287, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921001287, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321169668631548508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='9', pageStart='1025', pageEnd='1152', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1757433600000', pubDateStr='2025-09-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792920995147, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792920995147, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1036, endPage=1041, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321169694598476012, articleId=1321169694388760811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Epidemiological characteristics of human rhinovirus and VP4/VP2 gene in influenza-like cases in Guizhou province from 2023 to 2024, columnId=1321169680920850568, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Special Report — Influenza Prevention and Health Protection, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human rhinovirus (HRV) in influenza-like cases in Guizhou province, and analyze the VP4/VP2 gene features and variation patterns of HRV.

Methods

A total of 8 451 throat swabs were collected from influenza-like cases in Guizhou province from 2023 to 2024. Multiplex fluorescent quantitative PCR was employed to detect 11 common pathogens: HRV, influenza virus (IFV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), adenovirus (ADV), human common coronavirus (HCoV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), enterovirus (EV), human bocavirus (HBoV), and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP). SPSS 22 was used for χ2/Fisher test on the detection rates of various pathogens. The HRV-positive samples were selected for VP4/VP2 gene sequencing, and MEGA was used for VP4/VP2 gene typing and phylogenetic analysis.

Results

A total of 3 602 positive samples for 11 common pathogens were detected, with a total positive rate of 42.62%. SARS-CoV-2 showed the highest single-pathogen detection rate (6.63%), followed by HRV (6.41%). The detection rate of HRV varied among age groups (P < 0.001), being the highest in the age group of 0–4 years old (8.33%) and the lowest in the age group of ≥ 60 years old (2.02%). In addition, the detection rate of HRV varied among different seasons (P < 0.001), being the highest in autumn (9.20%) and the lowest in summer (4.03%). The detection rate of mixed infections of HRV was 1.93%, and the mixed infection of HRV and EV had the highest detection rate at 0.56%. A total of 42 HRV VP4/VP2 gene sequences were obtained, comprising 32 sequences of HRV-A, 2 sequences of HRV-B, and 8 sequences of HRV-C.

Conclusions

HRV is one of the main pathogens causing influenza-like cases in Guizhou province during 2023–2024, and HRV-A, HRV-B, and HRV-C coexist as the common species.

, authors=Li ZHUANG, Ping WU, Ju ZHENG, Qian KE, Weijia JIANG, authorsList=Li ZHUANG, Ping WU, Ju ZHENG, Qian KE, Weijia JIANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Weijia JIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
JIANG Weijia, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321169695256981743, articleId=1321169694388760811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=2023—2024年贵州省流感样病例人鼻病毒流行病学及VP4/VP2基因特征分析, columnId=1321169681155731594, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=专题报道——预防流感，守护健康, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解贵州省流感样病例中人鼻病毒的流行特征，并分析人鼻病毒的VP4/VP2基因特征及变化规律。

方法

收集贵州省2023—2024年流感样病例咽拭子8 451份，通过多重荧光定量PCR方法对其进行人鼻病毒（HRV）、流感病毒（IFV）、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、副流感病毒（HPIV）、腺病毒（ADV）、普通冠状病毒（HCoV）、新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）、偏肺病毒（HMPV）、肠道病毒（EV）、博卡病毒（HBoV）和肺炎支原体（MP）共11种常见病原体检测；采用SPSS 22对各病原体检出率进行χ2/Fisher检验分析；筛选HRV阳性样本进行VP4/VP2基因测序，采用MEGA等软件进行VP4/VP2基因分型及遗传进化分析。

结果

共检测出11种常见病原体阳性样本3 602份，总阳性率为42.62%，单一病原体检出率最高为SARS-CoV-2（6.63%），其次是HRV（6.41%）。HRV年龄组间检出率差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），检出率最高为0～4岁（8.33%），≥60岁检出率最低（2.02%）；HRV不同季节检出率差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），秋季检出率最高（9.20%），夏季（4.03%）检出率最低。HRV混合感染检出率为1.93%，以HRV与EV的混合感染检出最多，检出率为0.56%。共获得42条HRV的VP4/VP2基因序列，其中32株HRV-A，2株HRV-B，8株HRV-C。

结论

HRV是贵州省2023—2024年流感样病例的主要病原体之一，并存在HRV-A、HRV-B、HRV-C的共同流行。

, authors=庄丽, 吴萍, 郑菊, 柯倩, 蒋维佳*, *, authorsList=庄丽, 吴萍, 郑菊, 柯倩, 蒋维佳, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=蒋维佳, authorNote=

庄丽（1980—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：呼吸道病毒检测

, correspAuthorsNote=
蒋维佳，E-mail：
, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 《中国公共卫生》编辑部 2025, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=szfig49J+jm99XaQHEkz/g==, magXml=fw4PutqMNbj+OouzTCG2Sw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=+Y+0HZur7e2qvSpq/Yx57w==, pdfFileSize=887620, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=/502d5MKaMrAXjHtIedV3w==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=ZJ4lfuepsVsiphOJreABtQ==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1321169695617691892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169695701577974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169695617691892, language=EN, stringName=Li ZHUANG, firstName=Li, middleName=null, lastName=ZHUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169695768686839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169695617691892, language=CN, stringName=庄丽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio={"content":"

庄丽（1980—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：呼吸道病毒检测

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

庄丽（1980—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：呼吸道病毒检测

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1321169695839990009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169695915487483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169695839990009, language=EN, stringName=Ping WU, firstName=Ping, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169695999373564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169695839990009, language=CN, stringName=吴萍, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1321169696095842558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169696192311552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169696095842558, language=EN, stringName=Ju ZHENG, firstName=Ju, middleName=null, lastName=ZHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697421242625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169696095842558, language=CN, stringName=郑菊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1321169697500934403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697572237573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169697500934403, language=EN, stringName=Qian KE, firstName=Qian, middleName=null, lastName=KE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697651929350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169697500934403, language=CN, stringName=柯倩, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1321169697735815432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=245791378@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697853255946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169697735815432, language=EN, stringName=Weijia JIANG, firstName=Weijia, middleName=null, lastName=JIANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697953919243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169697735815432, language=CN, stringName=蒋维佳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, *, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1321169698062971148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=influenza-like cases), Keyword(id=1321169698138468621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=human rhinovirus), Keyword(id=1321169698213966094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=epidemiology), Keyword(id=1321169698289463567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=VP4/VP2 genes), Keyword(id=1321169698356572432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Guizhou province), Keyword(id=1321169698427875601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=流感样病例), Keyword(id=1321169698482401554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=人鼻病毒), Keyword(id=1321169698549510419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=流行病学), Keyword(id=1321169698608230676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=VP4/VP2基因), Keyword(id=1321169698675339541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=贵州省)], refs=[Reference(id=1321169699744887072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Souty C, Masse S, Valette M, et al. Baseline characteristics and clinical symptoms related to respiratory viruses identified among patients presenting with influenza-like illness in primary care[J]. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2019, 25(9): 1147-1153., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169699824578849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bizot E, Bousquet A, Charpié M, et al. Rhinovirus: a narrative review on its genetic characteristics, pediatric clinical presentations, and pathogenesis[J]. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2021, 9: 643219., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169699891687714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Simmonds P, Gorbalenya A E, Harvala H, et a. Recommendations for the nomenclature of enteroviruses and rhinoviruses[J]. Archives of Virology, 2020, 165(3): 793-797., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169699967185187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Warner S M, Wiehler S, Michi A N, et al. D. Rhinovirus replication and innate immunity in highly differentiated human airway epithelial cells[J]. Respiratory Research, 2019, 20(1): 150., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700034294052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mcintyre C L, Knowles N J, Simmonds P. Proposals for the classification of human rhinovirus species A, B and C into genotypically assigned types[J]. Journal of General Virology, 2013, 94(Pt 8): 1791-1806., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700105597221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kan-O K, Washio Y, Fujimoto T, et al. Differences in the spectrum of respiratory viruses and detection of human rhinovirus C in exacerbations of adult asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[J]. Respiratory Investigation, 2022, 60(1): 129-136., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700172706086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=El Idrissi K R, Isabel S, Carbonneau J, et al. Molecular and epidemiologic investigation of a rhinovirus outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit[J]. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 2019, 40(2): 245-247., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700248203559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=祝雯雯, 吴畏畏, 高雪, 等. 2018—2021年徐州市儿童流感样病例中肠道病毒和鼻病毒感染流行病学特征[J]. 江苏预防医学, 2023, 34(6): 729-731., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700315312424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苏艳艳, 王新宁, 曹慜, 等. 2021年宁夏回族自治区银川市流感样病例人鼻病毒感染情况及基因分型研究[J]. 疾病监测, 2023, 38(7): 812-818., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700382421289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李岩, 韩光跃, 姜彩肖, 等. 河北省石家庄地区某哨点医院2018—2020年住院儿童肺炎患者鼻病毒流行病学及基因特征分析[J]. 中国病毒病杂志, 2021, 11(4): 303-307., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700453724458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李娜, 龚利强, 高祯, 等. 2021年冬季江苏省常熟市成年人患者呼吸道鼻病毒感染分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2023, 38(3): 270-276., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700529221931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘嘉婧, 邱琪, 张万菊, 等. 2020—2022年上海市成年人急性呼吸道感染监测病例中病毒感染情况研究[J]. 疾病监测, 2023, 38(7): 792-798., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700613108012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=夏百成, 马英伟, 孙利伟, 等. 2019—2021年长春市儿童急性呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒感染状况及其分子分型研究[J]. 疾病监测, 2022, 37(4): 469-474., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700701188397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=庄丽, 柯倩, 郑菊, 等. 2022—2023年贵州省呼吸道病毒病原谱及流感A(H1N1)pdm亚型病毒基因特征分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2024, 40(9): 1045-1051., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700776685870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Firquet S, Beaujard S, Lobert P E, et al. Survival of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses on inanimate surfaces[J]. Microbes and Environments, 2015, 30(2): 140-144., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700860571951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tanner H, Boxall E, Osman H. Respiratory viral infections during the 2009-2010 winter season in Central England, UK: incidence and patterns of multiple virus co-infections[J]. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2012, 31(11): 3001-3006., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169700927680816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王焕焕. 北京地区呼吸道感染住院儿童中人鼻病毒的流行状况和基因特征分析[D]. 济南: 泰山医学院, 2011., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169702597013809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=董泽丰, 郑田利, 范雪佳, 等. 2011—2013年成都地区发热呼吸道症候群住院患儿鼻病毒流行病学特征[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2016, 42(1): 177-181., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169702664122674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨康, 谢家敏, 黄鑫鑫, 等. 2019—2021年广东省严重急性呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒流行情况及其分子分型研究[J]. 病毒学报, 2023, 39(2): 364-371., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169702743814451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=余光清, 茌静, 唐启文, 等. 深圳地区急性上呼吸道感染中人鼻病毒的流行状况和基因特征分析[J]. 职业与健康, 2018, 34(11): 1457-1460., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169702810923316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li L, Wang H P, Liu A L, et al. Comparison of 11 respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children before and during the COVID-19 epidemic in Shenzhen, China[J]. Virology Journal, 2021, 18(1): 202., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169702882226485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lauinger I L, Bible J M, Halligan E P, et al. Patient characteristics and severity of human rhinovirusinfections in children[J]. Journal of Clinical Virology, 2013, 58(1): 216-220., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169702945141046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kennedy J L, Pham S, Borish L. Rhinovirus and asthma exacerbations[J]. Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America, 2019, 39(3): 335-344., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1321169698801168662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Phylogenetic tree of human rhinovirus based on VP4/VP2 gene sequences, figureFileSmall=XZahItpaPkZlEZjQ5JB9pw==, figureFileBig=/502d5MKaMrAXjHtIedV3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321169698885054743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, label=图1, caption=基于人鼻病毒VP4/VP2基因序列构建基因进化树

注：○本研究HRV-VP4/VP2基因序列 ；▲ HRV原型株VP4/VP2基因序列。

, figureFileSmall=XZahItpaPkZlEZjQ5JB9pw==, figureFileBig=/502d5MKaMrAXjHtIedV3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1321169699077992728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Detection of mixed infections of human rhinovirus in Guizhou province from 2023 to 2024

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
混合感染模式病原体阳性样本/份检出率/%
2种病原体HRV+EV470.56
HRV+RSV180.21
HRV+HCoV90.11
HRV+HMPV30.04
HRV+HPIV220.26
HRV+HBoV20.02
HRV+ADV160.19
HRV+SARS-CoV-2120.14
HRV+MP130.15
3种病原体HRV+ADV+EV40.05
HRV+HPIV+EV20.02
HRV+ADV+MP20.02
HRV+RSV+ADV20.02
HRV+EV+MP10.01
HRV+RSV+EV10.01
HRV+HBoV+EV10.01
HRV+SARS-CoV-2+EV10.01
HRV+RSV+MP10.01
HRV+HBoV+MP10.01
HRV+HPIV+MP10.01
HRV+IFV+ADV10.01
HRV+ADV+HCoV10.01
HRV+SARS-CoV-2+HCoV10.01
HRV+HMPV+HCoV10.01
合计1631.93
), ArticleFig(id=1321169699145101593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2023—2024年贵州省人鼻病毒混合感染检出情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
混合感染模式病原体阳性样本/份检出率/%
2种病原体HRV+EV470.56
HRV+RSV180.21
HRV+HCoV90.11
HRV+HMPV30.04
HRV+HPIV220.26
HRV+HBoV20.02
HRV+ADV160.19
HRV+SARS-CoV-2120.14
HRV+MP130.15
3种病原体HRV+ADV+EV40.05
HRV+HPIV+EV20.02
HRV+ADV+MP20.02
HRV+RSV+ADV20.02
HRV+EV+MP10.01
HRV+RSV+EV10.01
HRV+HBoV+EV10.01
HRV+SARS-CoV-2+EV10.01
HRV+RSV+MP10.01
HRV+HBoV+MP10.01
HRV+HPIV+MP10.01
HRV+IFV+ADV10.01
HRV+ADV+HCoV10.01
HRV+SARS-CoV-2+HCoV10.01
HRV+HMPV+HCoV10.01
合计1631.93
), ArticleFig(id=1321169699245764890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Detection of HRV in different genders, age groups, and seasons

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类总检测数/份阳性数/份检出率/%χ2值P值
性别男性45712976.500.1170.732
女性38802456.31
年龄/岁 0～435642978.3363.770<0.001
5～141 207746.13
15～592 3961456.05
≥601 284262.02
季节春季1 5571157.3974.709<0.001
夏季35501434.03
秋季2 8042589.20
冬季540264.81
), ArticleFig(id=1321169699312873755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同性别、年龄、季节HRV检出情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类总检测数/份阳性数/份检出率/%χ2值P值
性别男性45712976.500.1170.732
女性38802456.31
年龄/岁 0～435642978.3363.770<0.001
5～141 207746.13
15～592 3961456.05
≥601 284262.02
季节春季1 5571157.3974.709<0.001
夏季35501434.03
秋季2 8042589.20
冬季540264.81
), ArticleFig(id=1321169699396759836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Monthly detection of human rhinovirus in Guizhou province from 2023 to 2024

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
月份检测样本数/份阳性样本数/份检出率/%
1187105.35
2240145.83
3360256.94
4452337.30
5745577.65
61 027666.43
71 296453.47
81 229322.60
91 4031309.27
101 2641189.34
11140107.14
1210821.85
总计8 4515426.41
), ArticleFig(id=1321169699468063005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2023—2024年贵州省人鼻病毒每月检出情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
月份检测样本数/份阳性样本数/份检出率/%
1187105.35
2240145.83
3360256.94
4452337.30
5745577.65
61 027666.43
71 296453.47
81 229322.60
91 4031309.27
101 2641189.34
11140107.14
1210821.85
总计8 4515426.41
), ArticleFig(id=1321169699564531998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Gene typing of human rhinovirus in Guizhou province from 2023 to 2024

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因型亚型数量/株构成比/%
HRV-AHRV-A1824.76
HRV-A2249.52
HRV-A2512.38
HRV-A2824.76
HRV-A31511.90
HRV-A4724.76
HRV-A6712.38
HRV-A7124.76
HRV-A77511.90
HRV-A8012.38
HRV-A1B716.67
HRV-BHRV-B612.38
HRV-B8312.38
HRV-CHRV-C1624.76
HRV-C1012.38
HRV-C1112.38
HRV-C1512.38
HRV-C3912.38
HRV-C812.38
HRV-C4212.38
), ArticleFig(id=1321169699648418079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2023—2024年贵州省人鼻病毒分型情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因型亚型数量/株构成比/%
HRV-AHRV-A1824.76
HRV-A2249.52
HRV-A2512.38
HRV-A2824.76
HRV-A31511.90
HRV-A4724.76
HRV-A6712.38
HRV-A7124.76
HRV-A77511.90
HRV-A8012.38
HRV-A1B716.67
HRV-BHRV-B612.38
HRV-B8312.38
HRV-CHRV-C1624.76
HRV-C1012.38
HRV-C1112.38
HRV-C1512.38
HRV-C3912.38
HRV-C812.38
HRV-C4212.38
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1319372848273391765, delFlag=0, nameCn=中国公共卫生, nameEn=Chinese Journal of Public Health, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1001-0580, eissn=null, cn=21-1234/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=/9FMdzA1g/v65YNirKDVig==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Chinese Journal of Public Health, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1792492599792, updatedTime=1792493958900, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=Z, firstLetterEn=Z, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=/9FMdzA1g/v65YNirKDVig==, picEn=o7Pdo4L3Nh8JnSoifp1bTw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1319378548855517565, language=CN, name=中国公共卫生, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1792493958915, updatedTime=1792493958915, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/editorInChiefLogOn.action, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1319378548901654910, language=EN, name=Chinese Journal of Public Health, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1792493958926, updatedTime=1792493958926, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=http://manu32.magtech.com.cn/JournalX_zgggws/editorInChiefLogOn.action, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1319373219989389464, websiteList=[Website(id=1319376331826119583, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1319373219989389464, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN, language=CN, createTime=1792493430334, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1792493702095, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国公共卫生-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=中国公共卫生, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1319377601878152017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1792493733138, updateTime=1792493733138, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601857180494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1792493733133, updateTime=1792493733133, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601907512148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493733145, updateTime=1792493733145, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601844597581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/file/pic?fileId=R1bpcFoY1/NiafORTvYzaA==, createTime=1792493733130, updateTime=1792493733130, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601924289366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493733149, updateTime=1792493733149, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601869763408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/file/pic, createTime=1792493733136, updateTime=1792493733136, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601915900757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493733147, updateTime=1792493733147, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601861374799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1792493733134, updateTime=1792493733134, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601886540626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1792493733140, updateTime=1792493733140, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377601899123539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331826119583, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1792493733143, updateTime=1792493733143, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1319376331910005684, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1319373219989389464, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN, language=EN, createTime=1792493430354, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1792493697553, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国公共卫生-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Chinese Journal of Public Health, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1319377562602689343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1792493723774, updateTime=1792493723774, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562581717820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1792493723769, updateTime=1792493723769, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562636243778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493723782, updateTime=1792493723782, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562569134907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN/file/pic?fileId=R1bpcFoY1/NiafORTvYzaA==, createTime=1792493723766, updateTime=1792493723766, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562648826692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493723785, updateTime=1792493723785, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562594300734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN/file/pic, createTime=1792493723772, updateTime=1792493723772, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562640438083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1792493723783, updateTime=1792493723783, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562590106429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1792493723771, updateTime=1792493723771, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562615272256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1792493723777, updateTime=1792493723777, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1319377562623660865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1319376331910005684, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1792493723779, updateTime=1792493723779, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=中国公共卫生, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.zgggws.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Chinese Journal of Public Health, journalPhotoCn=/9FMdzA1g/v65YNirKDVig==, journalPhotoEn=o7Pdo4L3Nh8JnSoifp1bTw==, journalFirstLetter=Z, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/10.11847/zgggws1147049, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN/10.11847/zgggws1147049, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/PDF/10.11847/zgggws1147049, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/EN/PDF/10.11847/zgggws1147049, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1757433600000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
2023—2024年贵州省流感样病例人鼻病毒流行病学及VP4/VP2基因特征分析
收藏切换
PDF下载
庄丽 , 吴萍 , 郑菊 , 柯倩 , 蒋维佳 *, *
中国公共卫生 | 专题报道——预防流感，守护健康 2025,41(9): 1036-1041
收起
收藏切换
中国公共卫生 |专题报道——预防流感，守护健康 2025 , 41 (9) : 1036 -1041
2023—2024年贵州省流感样病例人鼻病毒流行病学及VP4/VP2基因特征分析
全屏
[Author(id=1321169695617691892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169695701577974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169695617691892, language=EN, stringName=Li ZHUANG, firstName=Li, middleName=null, lastName=ZHUANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169695768686839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169695617691892, language=CN, stringName=庄丽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio={"content":"

庄丽（1980—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：呼吸道病毒检测

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

庄丽（1980—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：呼吸道病毒检测

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1321169695839990009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169695915487483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169695839990009, language=EN, stringName=Ping WU, firstName=Ping, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169695999373564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169695839990009, language=CN, stringName=吴萍, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1321169696095842558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169696192311552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169696095842558, language=EN, stringName=Ju ZHENG, firstName=Ju, middleName=null, lastName=ZHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697421242625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169696095842558, language=CN, stringName=郑菊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1321169697500934403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697572237573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169697500934403, language=EN, stringName=Qian KE, firstName=Qian, middleName=null, lastName=KE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697651929350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169697500934403, language=CN, stringName=柯倩, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])]), Author(id=1321169697735815432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=245791378@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697853255946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169697735815432, language=EN, stringName=Weijia JIANG, firstName=Weijia, middleName=null, lastName=JIANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321169697953919243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, authorId=1321169697735815432, language=CN, stringName=蒋维佳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, *, address=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169695508639984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695517028593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169695525417202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169694388760811, companyId=1321169695508639984, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004)])])]
庄丽, 吴萍, 郑菊, 柯倩, 蒋维佳*, *
作者信息
  • 贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004
通讯作者:
蒋维佳，E-mail：
作者简介:

庄丽（1980—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：呼吸道病毒检测

Epidemiological characteristics of human rhinovirus and VP4/VP2 gene in influenza-like cases in Guizhou province from 2023 to 2024
Li ZHUANG, Ping WU, Ju ZHENG, Qian KE, Weijia JIANG
Affiliations
  • Virology Department, Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China
    • Corresponding Author:
    JIANG Weijia, E-mail:
出版时间: 2025-09-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1147049
文章导航
收藏切换
摘要
收起
目的

了解贵州省流感样病例中人鼻病毒的流行特征，并分析人鼻病毒的VP4/VP2基因特征及变化规律。

方法

收集贵州省2023—2024年流感样病例咽拭子8 451份，通过多重荧光定量PCR方法对其进行人鼻病毒（HRV）、流感病毒（IFV）、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、副流感病毒（HPIV）、腺病毒（ADV）、普通冠状病毒（HCoV）、新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）、偏肺病毒（HMPV）、肠道病毒（EV）、博卡病毒（HBoV）和肺炎支原体（MP）共11种常见病原体检测；采用SPSS 22对各病原体检出率进行χ2/Fisher检验分析；筛选HRV阳性样本进行VP4/VP2基因测序，采用MEGA等软件进行VP4/VP2基因分型及遗传进化分析。

结果

共检测出11种常见病原体阳性样本3 602份，总阳性率为42.62%，单一病原体检出率最高为SARS-CoV-2（6.63%），其次是HRV（6.41%）。HRV年龄组间检出率差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），检出率最高为0～4岁（8.33%），≥60岁检出率最低（2.02%）；HRV不同季节检出率差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），秋季检出率最高（9.20%），夏季（4.03%）检出率最低。HRV混合感染检出率为1.93%，以HRV与EV的混合感染检出最多，检出率为0.56%。共获得42条HRV的VP4/VP2基因序列，其中32株HRV-A，2株HRV-B，8株HRV-C。

结论

HRV是贵州省2023—2024年流感样病例的主要病原体之一，并存在HRV-A、HRV-B、HRV-C的共同流行。

流感样病例  /  人鼻病毒  /  流行病学  /  VP4/VP2基因  /  贵州省
Objective

To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human rhinovirus (HRV) in influenza-like cases in Guizhou province, and analyze the VP4/VP2 gene features and variation patterns of HRV.

Methods

A total of 8 451 throat swabs were collected from influenza-like cases in Guizhou province from 2023 to 2024. Multiplex fluorescent quantitative PCR was employed to detect 11 common pathogens: HRV, influenza virus (IFV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), adenovirus (ADV), human common coronavirus (HCoV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), enterovirus (EV), human bocavirus (HBoV), and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP). SPSS 22 was used for χ2/Fisher test on the detection rates of various pathogens. The HRV-positive samples were selected for VP4/VP2 gene sequencing, and MEGA was used for VP4/VP2 gene typing and phylogenetic analysis.

Results

A total of 3 602 positive samples for 11 common pathogens were detected, with a total positive rate of 42.62%. SARS-CoV-2 showed the highest single-pathogen detection rate (6.63%), followed by HRV (6.41%). The detection rate of HRV varied among age groups (P < 0.001), being the highest in the age group of 0–4 years old (8.33%) and the lowest in the age group of ≥ 60 years old (2.02%). In addition, the detection rate of HRV varied among different seasons (P < 0.001), being the highest in autumn (9.20%) and the lowest in summer (4.03%). The detection rate of mixed infections of HRV was 1.93%, and the mixed infection of HRV and EV had the highest detection rate at 0.56%. A total of 42 HRV VP4/VP2 gene sequences were obtained, comprising 32 sequences of HRV-A, 2 sequences of HRV-B, and 8 sequences of HRV-C.

Conclusions

HRV is one of the main pathogens causing influenza-like cases in Guizhou province during 2023–2024, and HRV-A, HRV-B, and HRV-C coexist as the common species.

influenza-like cases  /  human rhinovirus  /  epidemiology  /  VP4/VP2 genes  /  Guizhou province
庄丽, 吴萍, 郑菊, 柯倩, 蒋维佳. 2023—2024年贵州省流感样病例人鼻病毒流行病学及VP4/VP2基因特征分析. 中国公共卫生, 2025 , 41 (9) : 1036 -1041 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1147049
Li ZHUANG, Ping WU, Ju ZHENG, Qian KE, Weijia JIANG. Epidemiological characteristics of human rhinovirus and VP4/VP2 gene in influenza-like cases in Guizhou province from 2023 to 2024[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2025 , 41 (9) : 1036 -1041 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1147049
正文
收起
人鼻病毒（human rhinovirus，HRV）为单股正链 RNA 病毒，属于小 RNA 病毒科（Picornaviridae）肠道病毒属（Enterovirus genus），是引发人类急性呼吸道感染最常见的主要病原体之一，也是流感样病例最常见的病因之一[1]。HRV病毒主要通过接触和飞沫传播，临床表现多样，可引起轻度上呼吸道感染，也可引发严重的下呼吸道疾病，尤其是婴幼儿，还会引发支气管炎、哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺炎等肺部疾病急性加重[2]。根据国际病毒分类委员会（International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, ICTV）的定义，HRV分为 A、B 、C 3个型别，共169个基因型，其中HRV-A包括80 个基因型，HRV-B包括32个基因型，HRV-C包括57个基因型[3]。HRV 基因可编码11个蛋白，包括4种结构蛋白和7种非结构蛋白，其中4种结构蛋白VPl、VP2、VP3、VP4 组成壳粒包裹RNA。VPl、VP2、VP3部分序列暴露在壳粒表面，VP4完全不暴露在壳粒表面[4]。HRV 的 VP4/VP2 区编码蛋白的核苷酸序列包含抗体特异中和位点，具有广泛的遗传分化特征，故目前仍然普遍采用 VP4/VP2 区作为流行病学研究中的分型鉴定[5]。HRV基因型众多，不同型别与疾病的致病相关性尚不明确，不同地区、年份和年龄组人群的HRV检出率及呼吸道病原谱组成均有所不同。本研究通过对2023—2024年贵州省流感样病例咽拭子进行HRV的病原学检测及VP4/VP2基因测序分型，为了解贵州省HRV的流行特征及VP4/VP2基因特征变化规律提供数据支持。
1　材料与方法
收起
1.1　样本来源
研究对象为贵州省9个市州（贵阳市、铜仁市、安顺市、遵义市、毕节市、黔西南州、黔南州、黔东南州、六盘水市）流感哨点监测医院的门诊流感样病例及住院流感样病例，流感样病例的病例定义为同时具备体温≥38 ℃并伴有咳嗽或咽痛症状之一的患者。采样日期为2023年10月—2024年9月，每周一至周四定期采集符合流感样病例定义的咽拭子（包括口咽拭子及鼻咽拭子）样本，采样48 h内冷藏保存送至贵州省流感网络实验室进行呼吸道病原体多病原检测。本研究共采集样本8451份，所涉及采样信息为性别、年龄、发病日期、采样日期及送样日期。根据年龄不同将病例分为4组：0～4岁（学龄前组）、5～14岁（学龄组）、15～59岁（中青年组）、≥60岁（老年组）。春季为3—5月；夏季为6—8月；秋季为9—11月；冬季为12月—次年2月。本研究经贵州省疾病预防控制中心伦理委员会审批通过，批件号为S2020-08。
1.2　主要试剂与仪器
多重荧光定量PCR病毒检测（multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction, MRT-PCR）试剂盒为DNA/RNA提取试剂盒（西安天隆科技有限公司）；呼吸道多病原检测试剂盒（深圳生科原有限公司），检测项目包括HRV、流感病毒（influenza virus, IFV）、呼吸道合胞病毒（respiratory syncytial virus，RSV）、副流感病毒（human parainfluenza, HPIV）、腺病毒（respiratory adenovirus, ADV）、普通冠状病毒（human coronavirus, HCoV）、新型冠状病毒 （severeacuterespiratory syndromecoronavirus 2, SARSCoV-2）、偏肺病毒（metapneumovirus,HMPV）、肠道病毒（enterovirus, EV）、博卡病毒（humanbocavirus, HBoV）和肺炎支原体（mycoplasma pneumoniae, MP）。主要仪器为自动核酸提取仪（西安天隆科技有限公司）及荧光PCR仪（西安天隆科技有限公司）。
1.3　检测方法
1.3.1　11种常见病原体检测样本筛选
通过多重荧光定量PCR病毒检测（multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction, MRT-PCR）方法进行样本筛选。按照MRT-PCR检测试剂盒说明书进行操作。
1.3.2　VP4/VP2基因测序
对检测出的所有HRV阳性样本，通过荧光定量PCR法筛选CT值≤30的HRV阳性样本，送至上海伯杰有限公司通过双脱氧测序法（Sanger）进行VP4/VP2基因测序。
1.4　统计分析
使用SPSS 22统计软件对贵州省流感样病例中人鼻病毒检出率进行不同性别、不同年龄组和不同季节的分类数据（计数）分析，采用χ2检验或Fisher检验分析病原体检出率差异，采用双侧检验水准为α=0.05。计数资料采用率（%）描述。通过NCBI数据库（www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov）下载不同型别HRV原型株的VP4/VP2基因参考序列D00239.1（HRV-A1B）；FJ445126.1（HRV-A31）；FJ445154.1（HRV-A77）；FJ445122.1（HRV-A22）；DQ473486.1（HRV-B6）；PQ525433.1（HRV-C16）等。使用MEGA软件基于VP4/VP2序列进行基因分型，使用邻接法（neighbor-joining method, NJ）构建亲缘关系进化树。采用Kimura 2-parameter model模型对人鼻病毒和参考株进行样本间平均遗传距离分析。
2　结　果
收起
2.1　呼吸道常见病原体检出情况
共检测8 451份呼吸道咽拭子样本，11种常见呼吸道病原体总检出率为42.62%（3 602/8 451），检出率前3位的是SARS-CoV-2，检出率6.63%（560/8 451），HRV检出率6.41%（542/8 451），EV检出率5.61%（474/8 451）。其他病原体的检出率依次为ADV检出率4.69%（396/8 451）、IFV检出率4.24%（358/8 451）、MP检出率3.93%（332/8 451）、HPIV检出率3.86%（326/8 451）、RSV检出率3.15%（266/8 451）、HCoV检出率2.52%（213/8 451）。检出率较低的有HMPV检出率0.80%（68/8 451）、HBoV检出率0.79%（67/8 451）。
2.2　HRV病毒混合感染检出情况（表1）
HRV病毒混合感染检出率为1.93%（163/8 451），其中2种病原体混合感染检出率1.68%（142/8 451），3种病原体混合感染检出率0.25%（21/8 451）。检出2种病原体的混合感染模式有9种组合方式，在HRV混合感染中占比87.12%（142/163），HRV与EV、RSV、HCoV、HMPV、HPIV、HBoV、ADV、SARS-CoV-2、MP均有检出。其中HRV与EV的混合感染检出率最高，为0.56%（47/8 451），HRV与HBoV的混合感染检出率最低为0.02%（2/8 451）。χ2检验分析结果显示，HRV+EV混合感染与HRV+HPIV混合感染的检出率差异有统计学意义（χ2=9.095，P=0.003），HRV+EV混合感染与其他7种混合感染的检出率差异均有统计学意义（P值均<0.001）；检出3种病原体的混合感染模式有15种组合方式，在HRV混合感染中占比12.88%（21/163），但每种组合的检出率均较低。其中HRV与ADV+EV的混合感染检出率稍高，为0.05%（4/8451），在混合感染中占比2.45%（4/163）；其次HRV与HPIV+EV、ADV+MP、RSV+ADV的3重混合感染检出率均为0.02%（2/8451），在混合感染中占比均为1.23%（2/163）；HRV与EV+MP、RSV+EV、HBoV+EV、SARS-CoV-2+EV、RSV+MP、HBoV+MP、HPIV+MP、IFV+ADV、ADV+HCoV、SARS-CoV-2+HCoV、HMPV+HCoV的混合感染检出最少，均为1例。
2.3　不同性别、年龄段和季节HRV检出情况差异性分析（表2、3）
8 451份样本中，男性患者检出率6.50%；女性患者检出率6.31%，不同性别检出率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；0～4岁样本检出率（8.33%）最高，5～14岁检出率（6.13%）及15～59岁检出率（6.05%）次之，≥60岁检出率（2.02%）最低，年龄组间检出率差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）；不同季节间检出率最高为秋季（9.20%），其次为春季（7.39%）、冬季（4.81%），夏季（4.03%）检出率最低。不同季节间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。HRV每月均有检出，检出率最高为10月（9.34%），其次为9月（9.27%），10月和9月形成全年最大的一个流行高峰，另一个稍小的峰值出现在5月。
2.4　HRV病毒VP4/VP2基因测序
通过荧光定量PCR法对所有HRV阳性样本进行筛选，CT值≤30的样本纳入测序。共筛选出合格HRV阳性样本42份，对其进行VP4/VP2基因测序，最终获得42条HRV病毒基因序列。
2.4.1　HRV病毒VP4/VP2基因进化分析（图1、表4）
基于HRV病毒VP4/VP2基因序列构建基因进化树进行基因分型，共发现32株HRV-A，2株HRV-B，8株HRV-C。型别间检出差异有统计学意义（χ2=54.000，P<0.001）。其中HRV-A检出11个基因型，HRV-C检出7个基因型，HRV-B检出2个基因型。
2.4.2　HRV病毒相同型别间核苷酸平均遗传距离分析
HRV-A与参考株的核苷酸平均遗传距离为0.068～0.131：HRV-A18为0.005，HRV-1B为0～0.127，HRV-A22为0.008～0.02，HRV-A28为0.005，HRV-A31为0.001～0.015，HRV-A47为0.006，HRV-A71为0.002，HRV-A77为0.002～0.054；HRV-B与参考株的核苷酸平均遗传距离为0.087～0.129；HRV-C与参考株的核苷酸平均遗传距离为0.005～0.158。
3　讨　论
收起
人鼻病毒是引起急性呼吸道感染的主要病原体之一。人鼻病毒在儿童病例中可引起肺巨噬细胞对病原体的免疫反应发生改变，减弱机体的防御功能，增加机体各器官的感染损害及人鼻病毒的变异风险；在成人病例中出现慢性阻塞性肺部疾病急性加重及哮喘急性发作时，常常可检测到人鼻病毒[6]；在老年人群及免疫功能低下人群中可引发肺炎、支气管炎及哮喘等疾病的急性加重[2]。此外，特定型别的人鼻病毒能够引起聚集性暴发疫情，可导致更为严重的呼吸道症状甚至死亡[7]。
本次调查贵州省流感样病例中呼吸道病原体检出率前3位分别是新型冠状病毒、人鼻病毒、肠道病毒，人鼻病毒检出率排名第2位，仅次于新冠病毒。相较于其他省市，贵州省人鼻病毒检出率高于徐州市[8]，低于宁夏回族自治区[9]、石家庄[10]、江苏省常熟市[11]、上海市[12]及长春市[13]，原因可能是不同省市存在不同气候条件，比如温度、湿度的差异。贵州省属于亚热带季风性气候，具有雨热同季等特点，日照少，降水多，相对湿度较高，与其他地区气候条件有明显差异。此外，不同地区的年龄人群构成有所不同，检测试剂灵敏性不同等因素均可导致HRV检出率不同。本次调查人鼻病毒检出率为6.41%，与2022年贵州省人鼻病毒检出率相近[14]。相较于2022贵州省人鼻病毒的调查结果，本研究扩大了检测范围及检测数量，数据准确性更高，偏差更小。同时，人鼻病毒是非包膜病毒，病毒表面稳定性较高，对常规消毒剂、高温、极端 pH 值等有更强的抵抗力，在外界存活时间更长[15]。人鼻病毒可以通过空气和接触两种传播途径进行传播，佩戴口罩并不能有效降低人鼻病毒的传播。有研究表明人鼻病毒检出情况与流感病毒呈负相关，与腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒等呈正相关[16]，均与本次调查研究结果一致。
本次调查检出病原体以单一感染为主，HRV合并其他病原体的混合感染占比较高，人鼻病毒是主要的混合感染病毒，与HRV混合感染的常见病原体EV检出最多，其次为HPIV、RSV。混合感染组成模式包括2种病原体的混合感染和3种病原体的混合感染，与2022年贵州省HRV 混合感染检出情况相似[14]。王焕焕[17]研究结果显示HRV与RSV的混合感染出现时，临床症状比单独HRV感染更加严重，故后续应持续加强HRV混合感染监测，为临床诊断及治疗提供依据。
本次调查结果显示，不同年龄HRV检出率差异有统计学意义， 0～4岁检出率最高，随着年龄增加，HRV检出率随之减少。与成都市[18]、广东省[19]、深圳市[20]等地研究中的年龄分布特征类似。不同季节HRV检出率差异有统计学意义，秋季检出率最高，春季次之，夏季及冬季检出率较低，表现出明显季节性流行特征。与长春市[13]的季节流行模式相似。但与上海市[12]、深圳市[20-21]等地冬季检出率最高不同，说明地理环境、温湿度的气候条件和人群构成等因素，可能影响不同的季节流行模式。贵州省HRV全年均有检出，共出现2个高峰，最大的流行高峰出现在每年9月和10月，5月出现另一个稍小的峰值。结合贵州省年龄组检出率最高为学龄前及学龄组，9月是开学季，5、10月均为学生在校期间，说明人鼻病毒检出率与学校开学时间有明显关联，人群聚集是形成流行高峰的主要原因之一 。
HRV的VP4/VP2 区关键氨基酸的变化可能会导致HRV的抗原性、宿主范围、生物学特征的改变，可长期作为HRV分型鉴定的依据。HRV-A和HRV-C与临床症状表现为中度及重度疾病的病例相关，HRV-C与哮喘发作密切相关，而HRV-B主要与临床症状表现较轻微（比如仅有轻微咳嗽或卡他症状）的病例相关[22-23]。本次调查结果显示，贵州省存在HRV-A、HRV-B、HRV-C3种基因型共同流行，HRV-A为主要流行型别，HRV-C次之、HRV-B检出最少。与广东省[19]、徐州市[8]、长春市[13]等地研究结果一致。HRV-A共发现11个基因型，A1B占比最多；HRV-C共发现7个基因型，C16占比最多；HRV-B仅发现2个基因型，占比均较少。HRV病毒相同型别样本间核苷酸平均遗传距离较近，说明各型别内的病毒变异程度较小。
目前HRV疫苗仍在研发过程中，需要持续提供大量的HRV基础数据，故持续进行人鼻病毒相关监测尤为重要。为降低人鼻病毒传播风险，建议保持良好的卫生习惯，戴口罩，勤洗手，尽量避免用手触摸眼、鼻或口。尤其是婴幼儿、老年人、患有基础病、免疫力低下的相关人群尽量减少人群聚集，降低传播风险。

文献
收起
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式：
1
Souty C, Masse S, Valette M, et al. Baseline characteristics and clinical symptoms related to respiratory viruses identified among patients presenting with influenza-like illness in primary care[J]. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2019, 25(9): 1147-1153.
2
Bizot E, Bousquet A, Charpié M, et al. Rhinovirus: a narrative review on its genetic characteristics, pediatric clinical presentations, and pathogenesis[J]. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2021, 9: 643219.
3
Simmonds P, Gorbalenya A E, Harvala H, et a. Recommendations for the nomenclature of enteroviruses and rhinoviruses[J]. Archives of Virology, 2020, 165(3): 793-797.
4
Warner S M, Wiehler S, Michi A N, et al. D. Rhinovirus replication and innate immunity in highly differentiated human airway epithelial cells[J]. Respiratory Research, 2019, 20(1): 150.
5
Mcintyre C L, Knowles N J, Simmonds P. Proposals for the classification of human rhinovirus species A, B and C into genotypically assigned types[J]. Journal of General Virology, 2013, 94(Pt 8): 1791-1806.
6
Kan-O K, Washio Y, Fujimoto T, et al. Differences in the spectrum of respiratory viruses and detection of human rhinovirus C in exacerbations of adult asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[J]. Respiratory Investigation, 2022, 60(1): 129-136.
7
El Idrissi K R, Isabel S, Carbonneau J, et al. Molecular and epidemiologic investigation of a rhinovirus outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit[J]. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 2019, 40(2): 245-247.
8
祝雯雯, 吴畏畏, 高雪, 等. 2018—2021年徐州市儿童流感样病例中肠道病毒和鼻病毒感染流行病学特征[J]. 江苏预防医学, 2023, 34(6): 729-731.
9
苏艳艳, 王新宁, 曹慜, 等. 2021年宁夏回族自治区银川市流感样病例人鼻病毒感染情况及基因分型研究[J]. 疾病监测, 2023, 38(7): 812-818.
10
李岩, 韩光跃, 姜彩肖, 等. 河北省石家庄地区某哨点医院2018—2020年住院儿童肺炎患者鼻病毒流行病学及基因特征分析[J]. 中国病毒病杂志, 2021, 11(4): 303-307.
11
李娜, 龚利强, 高祯, 等. 2021年冬季江苏省常熟市成年人患者呼吸道鼻病毒感染分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2023, 38(3): 270-276.
12
刘嘉婧, 邱琪, 张万菊, 等. 2020—2022年上海市成年人急性呼吸道感染监测病例中病毒感染情况研究[J]. 疾病监测, 2023, 38(7): 792-798.
13
夏百成, 马英伟, 孙利伟, 等. 2019—2021年长春市儿童急性呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒感染状况及其分子分型研究[J]. 疾病监测, 2022, 37(4): 469-474.
14
庄丽, 柯倩, 郑菊, 等. 2022—2023年贵州省呼吸道病毒病原谱及流感A(H1N1)pdm亚型病毒基因特征分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2024, 40(9): 1045-1051.
15
Firquet S, Beaujard S, Lobert P E, et al. Survival of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses on inanimate surfaces[J]. Microbes and Environments, 2015, 30(2): 140-144.
16
Tanner H, Boxall E, Osman H. Respiratory viral infections during the 2009-2010 winter season in Central England, UK: incidence and patterns of multiple virus co-infections[J]. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2012, 31(11): 3001-3006.
17
王焕焕. 北京地区呼吸道感染住院儿童中人鼻病毒的流行状况和基因特征分析[D]. 济南: 泰山医学院, 2011.
18
董泽丰, 郑田利, 范雪佳, 等. 2011—2013年成都地区发热呼吸道症候群住院患儿鼻病毒流行病学特征[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2016, 42(1): 177-181.
19
杨康, 谢家敏, 黄鑫鑫, 等. 2019—2021年广东省严重急性呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒流行情况及其分子分型研究[J]. 病毒学报, 2023, 39(2): 364-371.
20
余光清, 茌静, 唐启文, 等. 深圳地区急性上呼吸道感染中人鼻病毒的流行状况和基因特征分析[J]. 职业与健康, 2018, 34(11): 1457-1460.
21
Li L, Wang H P, Liu A L, et al. Comparison of 11 respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children before and during the COVID-19 epidemic in Shenzhen, China[J]. Virology Journal, 2021, 18(1): 202.
22
Lauinger I L, Bible J M, Halligan E P, et al. Patient characteristics and severity of human rhinovirusinfections in children[J]. Journal of Clinical Virology, 2013, 58(1): 216-220.
23
Kennedy J L, Pham S, Borish L. Rhinovirus and asthma exacerbations[J]. Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America, 2019, 39(3): 335-344.
2025年第41卷第9期
PDF下载
84
37
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.11847/zgggws1147049
  • 接收时间：2025-02-10
  • 首发时间：2026-10-25
  • 出版时间：2025-09-10
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期：2025-02-10
  • 修回日期：2025-05-31
  • 录用日期：2025-08-12
基金
作者信息
    贵州省疾病预防控制中心实验中心病毒科，贵阳 550004

通讯作者:

蒋维佳，E-mail：
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgggws/CN/10.11847/zgggws1147049
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏
相关链接
论文
最新文章
热读文章
热点专题
内参
蓝皮书
产业发展报告
传播力报告
期刊分级目录
资讯
学术新闻
行业新闻
学术会议
行业会议
关于
关于我们
联系我们
北京市海淀区学院南路86号
100081
010-62662699（运营及技术支持）
qkjq@cast.org.cn

中国科学技术协会版权所有 京ICP 备10216604号-4 海淀分局备案 1101084647
科技导报社主办 中国科协信息中心技术支持