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Article(id=1321170752011878976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321170608034009636, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1146994, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1737561600000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-23, revisedDate=1749484800000, revisedDateStr=2025-06-10, acceptedDate=1753977600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-08-01, onlineDate=1792921253444, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1765296000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921253444, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921253444, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921253444, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321170608034009636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='12', pageStart='1409', pageEnd='1536', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1765296000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921219118, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793011150268, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1321547806687474583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321170608034009636, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1321547806687474584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321170608034009636, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1517, endPage=1522, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321170752267731521, articleId=1321170752011878976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Cause ranking and trends of injury-related deaths among residents in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023, columnId=1320427686514770171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Survey and Report, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the cause ranking and trends of injury-related deaths among residents in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023, providing a reference for formulating injury prevention and control strategies.

Methods

The injury-related death data were sourced from the Population Death Information Registration Management System of Shaanxi Province from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2023. The Joinpoint regression model was adopted to analyze the trends in mortality rates of all injuries and the top four death causes, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated.

Results

From 2015 to 2023, the top four causes of injury-related deaths among residents in Shaanxi province were road traffic injuries, falls, suicide, and poisoning. During this period, the mortality rates from overall injuries, road traffic injuries, and suicide showed a downward trend (all P < 0.05), while the mortality rate from falls presented an upward trend (AAPC = 3.32%, P = 0.014). Among male residents, the mortality rates from overall injuries and road traffic injuries showed a downward trend (both P < 0.05). Among female residents, the mortality rate from suicide showed a downward trend (P < 0.05), whereas that from falls showed an upward trend (AAPC = 6.34%, P = 0.001). The mortality rates from overall injuries and road traffic injuries among the residents aged < 15 years and 15–44 years showed a downward trend (all P < 0.01), and that from suicide among residents aged < 15 years showed an upward trend (AAPC = 14.76%, P = 0.039). The mortality rates from road traffic injuries and suicide among residents aged 45–64 years and those from suicide and poisoning among residents ≥ 65 years showed a downward trend (all P < 0.01). Among urban residents, the mortality rates from overall injuries and road traffic injuries showed a downward trend (both P < 0.01). Among rural residents, the mortality rates from road traffic injuries and suicide showed a downward trend (both P < 0.01), while that from falls showed an upward trend (AAPC = 5.35%, P = 0.001).

Conclusions

From 2015 to 2023, the mortality rates from overall injuries, road traffic injuries, and suicide among residents in Shaanxi showed a downward trend, while that from falls showed an upward trend. The mortality rate trends varied across different injury types among residents of different genders, ages, and residential areas.

, authors=Rong LIU, Lin QIU, Rina SA, Kaiming GUO, Yanping WANG, authorsList=Rong LIU, Lin QIU, Rina SA, Kaiming GUO, Yanping WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yanping WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
WANG Yanping, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321170752687161922, articleId=1321170752011878976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死因顺位及死亡趋势分析, columnId=1320427686770622717, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=调查报告与分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死因顺位及死亡趋势，为制定相应的伤害预防控制策略提供参考依据。

方法

收集2015年1月1日—2023年12月31日陕西省人口死亡信息登记管理系统的伤害相关死亡数据，应用Joinpoint回归模型分析总体伤害和前4位死亡原因伤害类型死亡率的变化趋势，并计算平均年度变化百分比（AAPC）。

结果

2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死亡原因居于前4位的均为道路交通伤害、跌伤、自杀和中毒；2015—2023年陕西省居民总体伤害、道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.05），跌伤死亡率呈上升趋势（AAPC=3.32%，P=0.014）；男性居民总体伤害、道路交通伤害和女性居民自杀死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.05），女性居民跌伤死亡率呈上升趋势（AAPC=6.34%，P=0.001）；<15岁和15～44岁居民总体伤害、道路交通伤害死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.01），<15岁居民自杀死亡率呈上升趋势（AAPC=14.76%，P=0.039）。45～64岁居民道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率以及≥65岁居民自杀和中毒死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.01）；城市居民总体伤害和道路交通伤害死亡率以及农村居民道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.05）；农村居民跌伤死亡率呈上升趋势（AAPC=5.35%，P=0.001）。

结论

2015—2023年陕西省居民总体伤害、道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率呈下降趋势，跌伤死亡率呈上升趋势。不同性别、年龄和城乡居民各伤害类型死亡率变化趋势有所不同。

, authors=刘蓉, 邱琳, 飒日娜, 郭凯明, 王艳平*, *, authorsList=刘蓉, 邱琳, 飒日娜, 郭凯明, 王艳平, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王艳平, authorNote=

刘蓉（1990—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：慢性病预防与控制

, correspAuthorsNote=
王艳平，E-mail：
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刘蓉（1990—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：慢性病预防与控制

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刘蓉（1990—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：慢性病预防与控制

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Value of the short physical performance battery (SPPB) in predicting fall and fall-induced injury among old Chinese adults[J]. 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articleId=1321170752011878976, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=丁贤彬, 杨弦弦, 焦艳, 等. 2012—2018年重庆市伤害疾病负担变化趋势[J]. 实用预防医学, 2020, 27(7): 790-793., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321170760975106699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王雅慧, 王燕, 郑达治, 等. 2014—2023年广州市天河区户籍居民伤害死亡特征分析[J]. 伤害医学(电子版), 2024, 13(4): 25-30., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170752917848643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170752926237252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, companyId=1321170752917848643, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi’an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170752930431557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, companyId=1321170752917848643, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=陕西省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所，西安 710054)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1321170756755636841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Mortality and cause ranking of various types of injuries among residents in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
死因2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年2021年2022年2023年
死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位
道路交通
伤害		97741.31195639.59197839.82187937.45178334.03177935.14175134.66174633.86164731.272
跌伤51121.61253222.03259324.14261426.16264928.21261927.92262028.61263428.78268633.161
自杀26911.37324510.1442309.3632129.03423110.04422810.2841908.7742009.0832049.863
中毒1827.70425010.3532078.43426611.33326711.60323010.3831918.8131677.5841507.254
溺水1104.6551004.146863.506652.778833.616924.1551095.035964.3661075.175
其他伤害843.5561074.4351345.465813.4551014.395904.066944.3461446.545793.826
窒息833.517773.197692.817803.416592.567632.847803.697763.457643.098
暴露机械
系力量		582.458451.868682.778672.857502.178512.308653.008602.728723.487
触电391.659431.789401.639271.1510210.9111200.9010251.1510261.1810231.1110
火灾311.3110321.3310361.4710391.669341.489261.179291.349371.689261.269
他杀210.8911281.1611150.6111170.7211231.0010190.8611130.6011170.7711110.5311
), ArticleFig(id=1321170756910826090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2015—2023年陕西省居民各类型伤害死亡情况和死因顺位

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
死因2015年2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年2021年2022年2023年
死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位死亡
人数/例		死亡
比例/%		顺位
道路交通
伤害		97741.31195639.59197839.82187937.45178334.03177935.14175134.66174633.86164731.272
跌伤51121.61253222.03259324.14261426.16264928.21261927.92262028.61263428.78268633.161
自杀26911.37324510.1442309.3632129.03423110.04422810.2841908.7742009.0832049.863
中毒1827.70425010.3532078.43426611.33326711.60323010.3831918.8131677.5841507.254
溺水1104.6551004.146863.506652.778833.616924.1551095.035964.3661075.175
其他伤害843.5561074.4351345.465813.4551014.395904.066944.3461446.545793.826
窒息833.517773.197692.817803.416592.567632.847803.697763.457643.098
暴露机械
系力量		582.458451.868682.778672.857502.178512.308653.008602.728723.487
触电391.659431.789401.639271.1510210.9111200.9010251.1510261.1810231.1110
火灾311.3110321.3310361.4710391.669341.489261.179291.349371.689261.269
他杀210.8911281.1611150.6111170.7211231.0010190.8611130.6011170.7711110.5311
), ArticleFig(id=1321170757003100779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Trends in mortality from overall injuries and the top four causes among residents in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒
死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）
20152 36544.4397718.365119.602695.051823.42
20162 41545.0795617.845329.932454.572504.67
20172 45647.4697818.9059311.462304.442074.00
20182 34744.9287916.8261411.752124.062665.09
20192 30144.0378314.9864912.422314.422675.11
20202 21742.3877914.8961911.832284.362304.40
20212 16742.3275114.6762012.111903.711913.73
20222 20341.0474613.9063411.812003.731673.11
2023206938.5464712.0568612.782043.801502.79
AAPC/%−1.49−4.893.32−3.37−4.03
t值−2.44−7.452.45−5.07−1.24
P值0.014<0.0010.014<0.0010.214
), ArticleFig(id=1321170757082792556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2015—2023年陕西省居民总体伤害及死亡原因前4位伤害类型死亡变化趋势

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒
死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）死亡人数/例死亡率/（1/10万）
20152 36544.4397718.365119.602695.051823.42
20162 41545.0795617.845329.932454.572504.67
20172 45647.4697818.9059311.462304.442074.00
20182 34744.9287916.8261411.752124.062665.09
20192 30144.0378314.9864912.422314.422675.11
20202 21742.3877914.8961911.832284.362304.40
20212 16742.3275114.6762012.111903.711913.73
20222 20341.0474613.9063411.812003.731673.11
2023206938.5464712.0568612.782043.801502.79
AAPC/%−1.49−4.893.32−3.37−4.03
t值−2.44−7.452.45−5.07−1.24
P值0.014<0.0010.014<0.0010.214
), ArticleFig(id=1321170757166678637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Mortality rates (per 100 000) and trends of overall injuries and the top four causes among residents of different genders in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份男性女性
总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒
201561.6427.0213.095.564.3926.259.205.914.522.40
201661.1925.8112.984.985.9628.079.436.714.143.30
201765.3427.3615.135.045.3428.609.977.593.812.58
201861.6824.5115.244.716.6927.318.758.083.373.41
201957.2520.5515.445.226.8129.909.039.193.563.29
202055.6420.4814.905.185.9528.188.918.553.482.73
202156.1720.4315.344.834.5627.958.688.762.552.87
202254.7819.7514.254.884.1126.897.879.302.532.08
202349.8616.7815.354.553.7126.897.1810.133.031.85
AAPC/%−2.22−5.561.83−1.43−3.88−0.09−3.526.34−6.10−4.16
t值−1.98−7.251.20−2.30−1.24−0.10−1.813.48−5.30−0.88
P值0.0480.0010.2300.0550.2140.9230.0700.0010.0010.378
), ArticleFig(id=1321170757246370414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2015—2023年陕西省不同性别居民总体伤害及死亡原因前4位伤害类型死亡率（1/10万）及变化趋势

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份男性女性
总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒
201561.6427.0213.095.564.3926.259.205.914.522.40
201661.1925.8112.984.985.9628.079.436.714.143.30
201765.3427.3615.135.045.3428.609.977.593.812.58
201861.6824.5115.244.716.6927.318.758.083.373.41
201957.2520.5515.445.226.8129.909.039.193.563.29
202055.6420.4814.905.185.9528.188.918.553.482.73
202156.1720.4315.344.834.5627.958.688.762.552.87
202254.7819.7514.254.884.1126.897.879.302.532.08
202349.8616.7815.354.553.7126.897.1810.133.031.85
AAPC/%−2.22−5.561.83−1.43−3.88−0.09−3.526.34−6.10−4.16
t值−1.98−7.251.20−2.30−1.24−0.10−1.813.48−5.30−0.88
P值0.0480.0010.2300.0550.2140.9230.0700.0010.0010.378
), ArticleFig(id=1321170757321867887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Mortality rates (per 100 000) and trends from overall injuries and the top four causes among residents of different age groups in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份<15岁15～44岁45～64岁≥65岁
总体伤害道路交通
伤害		跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通
伤害		跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通
伤害		跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通
伤害		跌伤自杀中毒
201514.555.030.660.260.7928.6314.243.063.561.8857.3627.3510.416.534.08137.2934.1156.4416.1313.85
201614.826.351.320.261.7229.1313.763.472.852.3955.2625.099.056.516.51134.9433.6954.6313.4814.57
201710.624.811.560.000.2826.0411.853.483.322.0564.1532.1511.215.015.64156.4936.2364.5614.4514.07
20187.843.411.140.510.6324.0711.493.032.142.4761.1725.5712.135.857.44145.9137.0462.6512.8116.79
20199.703.771.620.270.5421.688.612.962.912.5649.8121.609.755.185.62155.6835.1168.8913.2119.06
20209.263.891.480.400.5421.518.103.503.002.6445.3119.458.975.394.12145.7239.4560.2011.0015.72
202111.082.711.580.900.6823.148.613.903.092.1844.7420.668.053.493.74132.7333.8458.899.6712.16
20227.422.511.640.650.3321.628.582.372.992.0442.7118.408.143.923.42135.1533.5259.679.268.99
20237.311.421.090.550.5517.506.022.842.991.5240.5317.728.144.413.23133.6530.2566.088.868.31
AAPC/%−7.57−12.687.3814.76−12.14−5.20−9.20−1.25−1.12−2.89−4.44−6.27−3.37−6.11−6.39−0.04−1.320.99−7.17−6.17
t值−3.65−5.330.722.53−2.16−6.44−8.16−0.68−0.65−0.83−1.83−4.33−1.30−3.98−1.26−0.02−1.091.02−9.04−3.00
P值0.0080.0010.4730.0390.0680.001<0.0010.5190.5390.4070.0680.0030.1940.0050.2080.9810.2750.341<0.0010.003
), ArticleFig(id=1321170757405753968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2015—2023年陕西省不同年龄居民总体伤害及死亡原因前4位伤害类型死亡率（1/10万）及变化趋势

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份<15岁15～44岁45～64岁≥65岁
总体伤害道路交通
伤害		跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通
伤害		跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通
伤害		跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通
伤害		跌伤自杀中毒
201514.555.030.660.260.7928.6314.243.063.561.8857.3627.3510.416.534.08137.2934.1156.4416.1313.85
201614.826.351.320.261.7229.1313.763.472.852.3955.2625.099.056.516.51134.9433.6954.6313.4814.57
201710.624.811.560.000.2826.0411.853.483.322.0564.1532.1511.215.015.64156.4936.2364.5614.4514.07
20187.843.411.140.510.6324.0711.493.032.142.4761.1725.5712.135.857.44145.9137.0462.6512.8116.79
20199.703.771.620.270.5421.688.612.962.912.5649.8121.609.755.185.62155.6835.1168.8913.2119.06
20209.263.891.480.400.5421.518.103.503.002.6445.3119.458.975.394.12145.7239.4560.2011.0015.72
202111.082.711.580.900.6823.148.613.903.092.1844.7420.668.053.493.74132.7333.8458.899.6712.16
20227.422.511.640.650.3321.628.582.372.992.0442.7118.408.143.923.42135.1533.5259.679.268.99
20237.311.421.090.550.5517.506.022.842.991.5240.5317.728.144.413.23133.6530.2566.088.868.31
AAPC/%−7.57−12.687.3814.76−12.14−5.20−9.20−1.25−1.12−2.89−4.44−6.27−3.37−6.11−6.39−0.04−1.320.99−7.17−6.17
t值−3.65−5.330.722.53−2.16−6.44−8.16−0.68−0.65−0.83−1.83−4.33−1.30−3.98−1.26−0.02−1.091.02−9.04−3.00
P值0.0080.0010.4730.0390.0680.001<0.0010.5190.5390.4070.0680.0030.1940.0050.2080.9810.2750.341<0.0010.003
), ArticleFig(id=1321170757485445745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Mortality rates (per 100 000) and trends from overall injuries and the top four causes among urban and rural residents in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份城市农村
总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒
201538.6517.108.583.732.5153.1120.2411.137.044.79
201643.6818.6410.253.543.7353.3418.8210.686.926.87
201743.9818.4710.493.293.5453.3419.6313.096.394.78
201841.0517.0011.233.103.8351.3416.5412.625.657.17
201940.2414.8111.573.693.6350.4115.2813.855.647.59
202038.3814.0411.213.833.1049.1716.3412.895.266.60
202135.5213.0610.022.832.4556.0417.9116.325.486.31
202233.9412.2910.293.082.4555.9617.2715.025.084.50
202331.1310.2910.843.081.8254.1115.7716.865.314.85
AAPC/%−2.71−5.921.85−2.04−4.750.43−2.555.35−3.73−1.50
t值−3.45−4.570.93−1.68−1.280.75−2.645.98−2.86−0.26
P值0.001<0.0010.3530.1370.2020.4800.0330.0010.0040.793
), ArticleFig(id=1321170757556748914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170752011878976, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

2015—2023年陕西省不同城乡居民总体伤害及死亡原因前4位伤害类型死亡率（1/10万）及变化趋势

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份城市农村
总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒总体伤害道路交通伤害跌伤自杀中毒
201538.6517.108.583.732.5153.1120.2411.137.044.79
201643.6818.6410.253.543.7353.3418.8210.686.926.87
201743.9818.4710.493.293.5453.3419.6313.096.394.78
201841.0517.0011.233.103.8351.3416.5412.625.657.17
201940.2414.8111.573.693.6350.4115.2813.855.647.59
202038.3814.0411.213.833.1049.1716.3412.895.266.60
202135.5213.0610.022.832.4556.0417.9116.325.486.31
202233.9412.2910.293.082.4555.9617.2715.025.084.50
202331.1310.2910.843.081.8254.1115.7716.865.314.85
AAPC/%−2.71−5.921.85−2.04−4.750.43−2.555.35−3.73−1.50
t值−3.45−4.570.93−1.68−1.280.75−2.645.98−2.86−0.26
P值0.001<0.0010.3530.1370.2020.4800.0330.0010.0040.793
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2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死因顺位及死亡趋势分析
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刘蓉 , 邱琳 , 飒日娜 , 郭凯明 , 王艳平 *, *
中国公共卫生 | 调查报告与分析 2025,41(12): 1517-1522
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中国公共卫生 |调查报告与分析 2025 , 41 (12) : 1517 -1522
2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死因顺位及死亡趋势分析
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刘蓉, 邱琳, 飒日娜, 郭凯明, 王艳平*, *
作者信息
  • 陕西省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所，西安 710054
通讯作者:
王艳平，E-mail：
作者简介:

刘蓉（1990—），副主任医师，硕士，研究方向：慢性病预防与控制

Cause ranking and trends of injury-related deaths among residents in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023
Rong LIU, Lin QIU, Rina SA, Kaiming GUO, Yanping WANG
Affiliations
  • Institute of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi’an 710054, China
    • Corresponding Author:
    WANG Yanping, E-mail:
出版时间: 2025-12-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146994
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摘要
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目的

分析2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死因顺位及死亡趋势，为制定相应的伤害预防控制策略提供参考依据。

方法

收集2015年1月1日—2023年12月31日陕西省人口死亡信息登记管理系统的伤害相关死亡数据，应用Joinpoint回归模型分析总体伤害和前4位死亡原因伤害类型死亡率的变化趋势，并计算平均年度变化百分比（AAPC）。

结果

2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死亡原因居于前4位的均为道路交通伤害、跌伤、自杀和中毒；2015—2023年陕西省居民总体伤害、道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.05），跌伤死亡率呈上升趋势（AAPC=3.32%，P=0.014）；男性居民总体伤害、道路交通伤害和女性居民自杀死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.05），女性居民跌伤死亡率呈上升趋势（AAPC=6.34%，P=0.001）；<15岁和15～44岁居民总体伤害、道路交通伤害死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.01），<15岁居民自杀死亡率呈上升趋势（AAPC=14.76%，P=0.039）。45～64岁居民道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率以及≥65岁居民自杀和中毒死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.01）；城市居民总体伤害和道路交通伤害死亡率以及农村居民道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率均呈下降趋势（均P<0.05）；农村居民跌伤死亡率呈上升趋势（AAPC=5.35%，P=0.001）。

结论

2015—2023年陕西省居民总体伤害、道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率呈下降趋势，跌伤死亡率呈上升趋势。不同性别、年龄和城乡居民各伤害类型死亡率变化趋势有所不同。

伤害  /  死因顺位  /  死亡趋势  /  Joinpoint回归模型分析  /  陕西省
Objective

To analyze the cause ranking and trends of injury-related deaths among residents in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023, providing a reference for formulating injury prevention and control strategies.

Methods

The injury-related death data were sourced from the Population Death Information Registration Management System of Shaanxi Province from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2023. The Joinpoint regression model was adopted to analyze the trends in mortality rates of all injuries and the top four death causes, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated.

Results

From 2015 to 2023, the top four causes of injury-related deaths among residents in Shaanxi province were road traffic injuries, falls, suicide, and poisoning. During this period, the mortality rates from overall injuries, road traffic injuries, and suicide showed a downward trend (all P < 0.05), while the mortality rate from falls presented an upward trend (AAPC = 3.32%, P = 0.014). Among male residents, the mortality rates from overall injuries and road traffic injuries showed a downward trend (both P < 0.05). Among female residents, the mortality rate from suicide showed a downward trend (P < 0.05), whereas that from falls showed an upward trend (AAPC = 6.34%, P = 0.001). The mortality rates from overall injuries and road traffic injuries among the residents aged < 15 years and 15–44 years showed a downward trend (all P < 0.01), and that from suicide among residents aged < 15 years showed an upward trend (AAPC = 14.76%, P = 0.039). The mortality rates from road traffic injuries and suicide among residents aged 45–64 years and those from suicide and poisoning among residents ≥ 65 years showed a downward trend (all P < 0.01). Among urban residents, the mortality rates from overall injuries and road traffic injuries showed a downward trend (both P < 0.01). Among rural residents, the mortality rates from road traffic injuries and suicide showed a downward trend (both P < 0.01), while that from falls showed an upward trend (AAPC = 5.35%, P = 0.001).

Conclusions

From 2015 to 2023, the mortality rates from overall injuries, road traffic injuries, and suicide among residents in Shaanxi showed a downward trend, while that from falls showed an upward trend. The mortality rate trends varied across different injury types among residents of different genders, ages, and residential areas.

injury  /  death cause ranking  /  death trend  /  Joinpoint regression model analysis  /  Shaanxi province
刘蓉, 邱琳, 飒日娜, 郭凯明, 王艳平. 2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死因顺位及死亡趋势分析. 中国公共卫生, 2025 , 41 (12) : 1517 -1522 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146994
Rong LIU, Lin QIU, Rina SA, Kaiming GUO, Yanping WANG. Cause ranking and trends of injury-related deaths among residents in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2023[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2025 , 41 (12) : 1517 -1522 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146994
正文
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伤害是严重威胁人类健康的重大公共卫生问题。2019年全球疾病负担研究结果显示，全球范围内每年因伤害导致的死亡人数约为430万[1]。研究表明，中国每年因伤害导致的死亡人数约为68万人，约占人群总死亡人数的7%[2]，是导致我国人群死亡的第5位死因，高于传染病、营养缺乏性疾病和母婴疾病所造成的死亡人数的总和[3]。伤害导致的高致残率和高死亡率给家庭和社会带来了沉重的经济和疾病负担[4]。《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》提出，要建立伤害综合监测体系，制定重点类型伤害的干预技术指南和标准，为预防和减少伤害提供科学依据[5]。为分析陕西省居民2015—2023年伤害死因顺位及死亡趋势，为制定相应的伤害预防控制策略提供参考依据，本研究收集2015年1月1日—2023年12月31日陕西省人口死亡信息登记管理系统的伤害相关死亡数据，分析陕西省居民2015—2023年伤害死因顺位。应用Joinpoint回归模型分析总体伤害和死亡原因居于前4位伤害类型死亡率的变化趋势，并计算平均年度变化百分比（average annual percent change, AAPC）。结果报告如下。
1　资料与方法
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1.1　资料来源
陕西省居民伤害死亡数据来源于陕西省人口死亡信息登记管理系统。本研究经中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心授权后收集其中2015年1月1日—2023年12月31日生前常住地址为陕西省中13个国家级死因监测点的死亡个案数据。人口信息来源于国家疾病监测基本信息系统。根据《人口死因监测工作指导手册》[6]中死因分类及《疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类第十次修订本（第一卷）类目表》[7]，伤害死因分类编码为V01～Y89。具体包括：道路交通伤害（V01～V04、V06、V09～V80、V87、V89、V99）、跌伤（W00～W19）、暴露机械系力量（W20～W49）、溺水（W65～W74）、窒息（W75～W84）、触电（W85～W99）、火灾（X00～X09）、中毒（X40～X49）、自杀（X60～X84）、他杀（X85～Y09）；其余伤害类型归入其他伤害。
1.2　数据质量控制
死亡信息由经过统一培训的医疗机构工作人员填写和上报。监测县/区负责死因监测工作的管理人员定期对辖区死亡信息进行审核和校对。省、市两级死因监测工作专干定期对死因监测数据进行抽查和复核，并在每年年底进行卫生、公安和民政3部门数据交换，以保证死因监测数据的完整性。中国疾病预防控制中心采用Poisson分布确定陕西省国家级死因监测县/区，根据城镇化率、人口数和总死亡率3项指标对陕西省人群进行分层，最终选取13个县/区开展全人群死因监测报告，其产出的数据可代表陕西省全省情况[8]。
1.3　统计分析
采用Excel 2016、SPSS 25.0和Joinpoint Regression Program 5.3.0软件进行统计分析。以死亡率为主要分析指标，死亡率的计算以陕西省13个国家级死因监测点的常住人口为基础，各年平均人口数为相邻2年年末人口数的平均值。应用Joinpoint回归模型分析死亡率的变化趋势并计算AAPC。若AAPC>0且P<0.05，表明存在上升趋势；若AAPC<0且P<0.05，表明存在下降趋势。检验水准为双侧检验α=0.05。
2　结　果
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2.1　2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死因顺位（表1）
2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害死亡谱的顺位大致相同。历年伤害死亡原因居于前4位的均为道路交通伤害、跌伤、自杀和中毒，这4种伤害类型的死亡对伤害总死亡率的贡献占79.30%～83.97%；其中，2015—2022年道路交通伤害一直居于伤害死亡原因的首位，2023年跌伤超过道路交通伤害成为伤害首位死亡原因。
2.2　陕西省居民2015—2023年总体伤害及死亡原因前4位伤害类型死亡变化趋势（表2）
2015—2023年陕西省居民总体伤害、道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率分别从2015年的44.43/10万、18.36/10万和5.05/10万下降到2023年的38.54/10万、12.05/10万和3.80/10万，总体均呈下降趋势（均P<0.05）；跌伤死亡率从2015年的9.60/10万上升到2023年的12.78/10万，总体呈上升趋势（AAPC=3.32%，t=2.45，P=0.014）；中毒死亡率从2015年的3.42/10万下降到2023年的2.79/10万，但下降趋势差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。
2.3　2015—2023年陕西省不同性别居民总体伤害及死亡原因前4位伤害类型死亡率及变化趋势（表3）
2015—2023年陕西省男性居民总体伤害和道路交通伤害死亡率分别从2015年的61.64/10万和27.02/10万下降到2023年的49.86/10万和16.78/10万，总体均呈下降趋势（均P<0.05）；自杀和中毒死亡率分别从2015年的5.56/10万和4.39/10万下降到2023年的4.55/10万和3.71/10万；跌伤死亡率从2015年的13.09/10万上升到2023年的15.35/10万；但变化趋势差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。2015—2023年陕西省女性居民自杀死亡率分别从2015年的4.52/10万下降到2023年的3.03/10万，总体呈下降趋势（AAPC= −6.10%，t= −5.30，P=0.001）；跌伤死亡率从2015年的5.91/10万上升到2023年的10.13/10万，总体呈上升趋势（AAPC=6.34%，t=3.48，P=0.001）；道路交通伤害和中毒死亡率分别从2015年的9.20/10万和2.40/10万下降到2023年的7.18/10万和1.85/10万，总体伤害死亡率从2015年的26.25/10万上升到2023年的26.89/10万；但变化趋势差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。
2.4　2015—2023年陕西省不同年龄居民总体伤害及死亡原因前4位伤害类型死亡变化趋势（表4）
2015—2023年陕西省<15岁居民总体伤害和道路交通伤害死亡率分别从2015年的14.55/10万和5.03/10万下降到2023年的7.31/10万和1.42/10万，总体均呈下降趋势（均P<0.01）；自杀死亡率从2015年的0.26/10万上升到2023年的0.55/10万，总体呈上升趋势（AAPC=14.76%，t=2.53，P=0.039）；中毒死亡率从2015年的0.79/10万下降到2023年的0.55/10万；跌伤死亡率从2015年的0.66/10万上升到2023年的1.09/10万，但变化趋势差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。2015—2023年陕西省15～44岁居民总体伤害和道路交通伤害死亡率分别从2015年的28.63/10万和14.24/10万下降到2023年的17.50/10万和6.02/10万，总体均呈下降趋势（均P<0.01）；跌伤、自杀和中毒死亡率分别从2015年的3.06/10万、3.56/10万和1.88/10万下降到2023年的2.84/10万、2.99/10万和1.52/10万；但下降趋势差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2015—2023年陕西省45～64岁居民道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率分别从2015年的27.35/10万和6.53/10万下降到2023年的17.72/10万和4.41/10万，总体均呈下降趋势（均P<0.01）；总体伤害、跌伤和中毒死亡率分别从2015年的57.36/10万、10.41/10万和4.08/10万下降到2023年的40.53/10万、8.14/10万和3.23/10万，但下降趋势差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2015—2023年陕西省≥65岁居民自杀和中毒死亡率分别从2015年的16.13/10万和13.85/10万下降到2023年的8.86/10万和8.31/10万，总体均呈下降趋势（均P<0.01）；总体伤害和道路交通伤害死亡率分别从2015年的137.29/10万和34.11/10万下降到2023年的133.65/10万和30.25/10万；跌伤死亡率从2015年的56.44/10万上升到2023年的66.08/10万；但变化趋势差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。
2.5　陕西省不同城乡居民2015—2023年总体伤害及死亡原因前4位伤害类型死亡率及变化趋势（表5）
陕西省城市居民2015—2023年总体伤害和道路交通伤害死亡率分别从2015年的38.65/10万和17.10/10万下降到2023年的31.13/10万和10.29/10万，总体均呈下降趋势（均P<0.01）；自杀和中毒死亡率分别从2015年的3.73/10万和2.51/10万下降到2023年的3.08/10万和1.82/10万；跌伤死亡率从2015年的8.58/10万上升到2023年的10.84/10万；但变化趋势差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。2015—2023年陕西省农村居民道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率分别从2015年的20.24/10万和7.04/10万下降到2023年的15.77/10万和5.31/10万，总体均呈下降趋势（均P<0.05）；跌伤死亡率从2015年的11.13/10万上升到2023年的16.86/10万，总体呈上升趋势（AAPC=5.35%，t=5.98，P=0.001）；总体伤害和中毒死亡率从2015年的53.11/10万和4.79/10万上升到2023年的54.11/10万和4.85/10万；但上升趋势差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。
3　讨　论
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本研究结果显示，道路交通伤害、跌伤、自杀和中毒是2015—2023年陕西省居民死亡原因前4位的伤害类型，与全国[9]、上海市浦东新区[10]和湖南省[11]的伤害死因顺位基本一致。不同的是，溺水死亡率在其他研究中高于中毒死亡率，居于死因顺位第4位。而陕西省居民伤害死因顺位中，不同年份溺水所致死因顺位居于第5～8位，可能与陕西省地处西北地区，以黄土高原与关中平原为主要地貌特征，辖区内水域面积较少有关。因此，该地区溺水事故发生率和死亡率均较低。
本研究结果显示，2015—2023年陕西省居民总体伤害死亡率从2015年的44.43/10万下降到2023年的38.54/10万，总体呈下降趋势（AAPC= −1.49%，t= −2.44，P=0.014），与全国[9]和湖北省武汉市[12]研究结果一致。提示陕西省的伤害防控工作取得了初步成效。随着社会经济的发展以及与伤害预防控制有关法律、法规、部门规章的颁布实施，使得多部门合作开展伤害预防控制的局面逐渐形成，居民伤害预防知识和技能亦不断提升，从而促进了伤害死亡率的下降。但在具体的伤害类型中，跌伤的死亡率仍呈上升趋势，且在≥65岁老年居民中的死亡率最高，与既往研究[13–14]结果类似。可能与人口老龄化进程加剧和平均期望寿命延长有关，且老年人作为跌伤的高风险人群亦加重了跌伤导致的死亡负担[15]。本研究中，自2021年起，女性因跌伤导致的死亡率超越了道路交通伤害，跃居伤害死因的首位，这可能是因为女性生理机能随年龄退化致使其平衡能力受损，从而导致其跌伤死亡率较高[16]。农村居民跌伤死亡率上升幅度大于城市居民，与既往研究[13]结果一致。这可能与农村地区空巢和留守老年人较多，缺乏必要的日常照料与监护有关；还可能与农村地区居家环境欠佳、医疗资源相对匮乏、院内诊疗条件有限，从而导致跌伤死亡率较高有关[17]。因此，针对老年人群更应关注跌倒的预防，建议相关部门加强对老年人跌倒的健康宣教和运动干预，尤其是针对视力下降和骨质疏松等有跌倒危险因素的高危老年人群，可通过改善居家环境、积极治疗原发病和加强身体锻炼等措施减少其跌倒发生风险[18]。
本研究结果还显示，道路交通伤害是2015—2023年陕西省0～64岁各年龄组居民的首位伤害死亡原因，也是男性居民的第1位伤害死亡原因，与既往研究[19]结果一致。这可能与男性从事交通运输行业的人口基数较大、驾驶机动车频率较高有关。因此，暴露于交通事故的机会较大。近年来，随着交管部门严查酒驾、加强交通安全宣传教育以及改善道路交通环境等措施的实施，陕西省道路交通伤害死亡率呈下降趋势。从2015年的18.36/10万下降到2023年的12.05/10万（AAPC= −4.89%，t= −7.45，P=0.001），且城市下降幅度高于农村，可能与城乡基础设施和经济状况的不同以及农村医疗救治能力相对较弱有关[20]。但陕西省道路交通伤害导致的死亡负担依旧严重。为进一步减少交通事故的发生，未来仍需聚焦男性劳动力群体，强化交通安全宣传教育，提升其法治意识与规则意识。同步推进农村道路交通安全环境优化，多管齐下筑牢道路安全防线。
2015—2023年陕西省居民自杀死亡率平均每年以3.37%的速度下降，不同于2017—2023年四川省成都市自杀死亡率呈上升趋势[21]，可能与不同地区的社会环境不同有关[22]。但是<15岁组人群的自杀死亡率从2015年的0.26/10万上升到2023年的0.55/10万，总体呈上升趋势（AAPC=14.76%，t=2.53，P=0.039），这与韦晓淋等[23]的研究结果一致。可能与现代社会发展带来该年龄组儿童学习压力和心理压力增加，而情绪自我调节和控制力较弱，易发生自杀行为。学校、家庭均应重视儿童心理健康保健，及早识别危机状况，必要时寻求专业帮助，以预防儿童自杀。本研究结果显示，中毒居于2015—2023年陕西省居民伤害的第3位或第4位死亡原因，而在全国[9]和重庆市[24]的研究中，中毒居于伤害死亡顺位的第5位。研究表明，近年来中毒死亡率呈下降趋势[25]，但本研究中2015—2023年陕西省居民中毒死亡率的变化趋势差异无统计学意义，提示陕西省居民中毒防控工作仍面临严峻挑战。在未来的工作中，需进一步强化中毒防治知识的宣传普及，着力提升居民对一氧化碳和农药等常见毒物的防控意识与应对能力，切实筑牢中毒防控的社会防线。
综上所述，陕西省居民2015—2023年的伤害主要死亡原因为道路交通伤害、跌伤、自杀和中毒；2015—2023年总体伤害、道路交通伤害和自杀死亡率均呈下降趋势，跌伤死亡率呈上升趋势。不同性别、年龄和居住地居民各伤害类型死亡率变化趋势有所不同，应采取具有针对性的干预措施对不同人群的伤害加以防控。本研究数据来源于陕西省死因监测系统，虽然数据质控较好，但仍不可避免会出现一定程度的漏报，可能会导致不同伤害类型的死亡率与真实死亡水平存在一定差异[8]。因此，未来应进一步完善跨部门数据共享机制以减少漏报。并定期开展漏报调查，通过统计学模型对漏报数据进行校正。为制定干预措施提供更加科学的数据支撑。

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2025年第41卷第12期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146994
  • 接收时间：2025-01-23
  • 首发时间：2026-10-25
  • 出版时间：2025-12-10
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  • 收稿日期：2025-01-23
  • 修回日期：2025-06-10
  • 录用日期：2025-08-01
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    陕西省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所，西安 710054

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王艳平，E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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