Article(id=1320438524340458375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320438244077056901, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1146860, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1736092800000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-06, revisedDate=1745942400000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-30, acceptedDate=1754064000000, acceptedDateStr=2025-08-02, onlineDate=1792746676763, onlineDateStr=2026-10-23, pubDate=1781020800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792746676763, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792746676763, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792746676763, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1320438244077056901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2026', volume='42', issue='6', pageStart='641', pageEnd='768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1781020800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792746609943, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792748036545, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1320444227734065468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320438244077056901, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1320444227734065469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1320438244077056901, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=694, endPage=699, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1320438524797637512, articleId=1320438524340458375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Progress in research on health-related behavioral contagion among adolescents based on social networks: a review, columnId=1320438245473760135, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Special Report—Focus on Child and Adolescent Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Individual behavior is significantly influenced by the surrounding social environment. Health-related behaviors among adolescents not only affect their lifelong health but may also result in behavioral contagion within social networks. This paper reviews advancements in the studies of health-related behavioral contagion among adolescents from the perspectives of observational and intervention research, providing new insights for intervention and prevention strategies targeting health-related behaviors in Chinese adolescents. The analysis identifies several current challenges, including difficulties in obtaining comprehensive longitudinal social network data, a predominant focus on individual behaviors, limitations in data analysis methods, and a lack of effective intervention strategies. China remains in the exploratory phase in this field, which underscores the urgent need for more in-depth research.

, authors=Rui LUO1, Jingyu ZHANG1, Ziying YANG1, Shuang WANG1, Shuaiqi ZHANG1, Jinghua LI1, 2, 3, Chun HAO1, 2, 3, Jing GU1, 2, 3, authorsList=Rui LUO, Jingyu ZHANG, Ziying YANG, Shuang WANG, Shuaiqi ZHANG, Jinghua LI, Chun HAO, Jing GU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jing GU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
GU Jing, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1320438526966092683, articleId=1320438524340458375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=基于社会网络的青少年健康相关行为传染研究进展, columnId=1320438247243756426, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=专题报道——关注儿童青少年健康, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

个人行为受其社会环境的影响,青少年的健康相关行为不仅对个体的终生健康具有影响,还可能在社会网络中发生行为传染。本文从观察性与干预性研究的视角综述了青少年健康相关行为传染的研究进展,为我国青少年健康行为的干预与防控提供新的视角。研究表明,当前面临诸多挑战,包括纵向社会网络数据获取的困难、集中于单一行为、数据分析方法的不足以及干预措施的匮乏等。我国在这一领域仍处于探索阶段,亟需进行更深入的研究。

, authors=罗锐1, 张靖瑜1, 杨梓滢1, 王爽1, 张率骐1, 李菁华1, 2, 3, 郝春1, 2, 3, 顾菁1, 2, 3, *, *, authorsList=罗锐, 张靖瑜, 杨梓滢, 王爽, 张率骐, 李菁华, 郝春, 顾菁, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=顾菁, authorNote=

罗锐(1994—),博士在读,研究方向:行为与心理健康

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顾菁,E-mail:
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Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2018, 47(11): 2337-2352., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438545450390526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Valente T W. Network interventions[J]. Science, 2012, 337(6090): 49-53., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438545714631679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Burke J G, Lich K H, Neal J W, et al. Enhancing dissemination and implementation research using systems science methods[J]. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2015, 22(3): 283-291., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438545773351936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Campbell R, Starkey F, Holliday J, et al. An informal school-based peer-led intervention for smoking prevention in adolescence (ASSIST): a cluster randomised trial[J]. The Lancet, 2008, 371(9624): 1595-1602., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438545848848384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jago R, Tibbitts B, Willis K, et al. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the PLAN-A intervention, a peer led physical activity program for adolescent girls: results of a cluster randomised controlled trial[J]. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2021, 18(1): 63., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438545924345857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bell S L, Audrey S, Cooper A R, et al. Lessons from a peer-led obesity prevention programme in English schools[J]. Health Promotion International, 2017, 32(2): 250-259., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438546096312323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hallgren K A, McCrady B S, Witkiewitz K, et al. Do alcohol interventions affect peers who do not receive the intervention? Modeling treatment contagion effects via simulations of adolescent social networks[J]. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 2021, 35(3): 326-336., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438546159226884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang C, Hipp J R, Butts C T, et al. Insight into selecting adolescents for drinking intervention programs: a simulation based on stochastic actor–oriented models[J]. Prevention Science, 2022, 23(1): 48-58., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438546238918661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang C, Hipp J R, Butts C T, et al. Peer influence, peer selection and adolescent alcohol use: a simulation study using a dynamic network model of friendship ties and alcohol use[J]. Prevention Science, 2017, 18(4): 382-393., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438546314416134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Backett-Milburn K, Wilson S. Understanding peer education: insights from a process evaluation[J]. Health Education Research, 2000, 15(1): 85-96., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1320438546381524999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Turner G, Shepherd J. A method in search of a theory: peer education and health promotion[J]. 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Studies on health-related behavioral contagion based on conventional analysis methods

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研究者地点年份研究对象样本量/人研究行为研究类型主要方法
Giese H[12]德国2017一年级大学生57饮酒纵向研究多水平模型
Alexander C[14]美国20017~12年级的青少年2 525吸烟横断面研究logistic回归
Cassidy R N[15]美国2018一年级大学生1 313吸烟与大麻使用纵向研究logistic回归
Fujimoto K[16]美国19827~12年级的青少年20 745饮酒、吸烟横断面研究logistic回归
Kreager D A[13]美国20138~9年级的情侣744饮酒、吸烟横断面研究多水平模型
Ali M M[17]美国20117~12年级的青少年19 335大麻使用横断面研究线性回归
Mednick S C[18]美国20107~12年级的青少年8 349睡眠纵向研究广义估计方程
Hatzenbuehler M L[19]美国20157~12年级青少年14 319饮酒、吸烟横断面研究线性回归
), ArticleFig(id=1320438536751403989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

基于传统分析方法的健康相关行为传染相关研究

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究者地点年份研究对象样本量/人研究行为研究类型主要方法
Giese H[12]德国2017一年级大学生57饮酒纵向研究多水平模型
Alexander C[14]美国20017~12年级的青少年2 525吸烟横断面研究logistic回归
Cassidy R N[15]美国2018一年级大学生1 313吸烟与大麻使用纵向研究logistic回归
Fujimoto K[16]美国19827~12年级的青少年20 745饮酒、吸烟横断面研究logistic回归
Kreager D A[13]美国20138~9年级的情侣744饮酒、吸烟横断面研究多水平模型
Ali M M[17]美国20117~12年级的青少年19 335大麻使用横断面研究线性回归
Mednick S C[18]美国20107~12年级的青少年8 349睡眠纵向研究广义估计方程
Hatzenbuehler M L[19]美国20157~12年级青少年14 319饮酒、吸烟横断面研究线性回归
), ArticleFig(id=1320438536826901462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Studies on health-related behavioral contagion based on social network analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究者地点年份研究对象样本量/人研究行为研究类型主要方法
Kiuru N[20]芬兰2010中学生1 419吸烟、饮酒纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Osgood D W[21]美国2013中学生13 214饮酒纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Haas S A[22]美国2014高中生2 430吸烟纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Ragan D T[23]美国2016小学生6 200吸烟纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Long E[27]美国2017高中生1 796体育锻炼纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Schaefer D R[28]美国2021大学生300饮酒纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Adams J[29]美国2022中学生13 214健康生活方式纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
De la Haye K[30]美国2015高中生1 612大麻使用纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
DiGuiseppi G T[24]美国2018一年级大学生1 323饮酒横断面研究网络自相关模型
Ennett S T[31]美国2018中学生6817饮酒、吸烟、大麻使用纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Kenney S R[25]美国2017一年级大学生108饮酒横断面研究网络自相关模型
), ArticleFig(id=1320438536910787543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

基于社会网络分析的健康相关行为传染相关研究

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究者地点年份研究对象样本量/人研究行为研究类型主要方法
Kiuru N[20]芬兰2010中学生1 419吸烟、饮酒纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Osgood D W[21]美国2013中学生13 214饮酒纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Haas S A[22]美国2014高中生2 430吸烟纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Ragan D T[23]美国2016小学生6 200吸烟纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Long E[27]美国2017高中生1 796体育锻炼纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Schaefer D R[28]美国2021大学生300饮酒纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Adams J[29]美国2022中学生13 214健康生活方式纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
De la Haye K[30]美国2015高中生1 612大麻使用纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
DiGuiseppi G T[24]美国2018一年级大学生1 323饮酒横断面研究网络自相关模型
Ennett S T[31]美国2018中学生6817饮酒、吸烟、大麻使用纵向研究行动者随机导向模型
Kenney S R[25]美国2017一年级大学生108饮酒横断面研究网络自相关模型
), ArticleFig(id=1320438536982090712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Population intervention studies on health-related behaviors based on social networks

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研究者干预人群干预策略对照方式主要结局主要结果
Campbel R[34]英格兰和威尔士59所学校的10 730名12~13岁的学生培训有影响力的学生(由基于学校社会中心网络的同伴提名结果分析确定)在日常互动中充当同伴支持者,鼓励他们的同伴减少或预防吸烟行为。空白对照干预1周后的吸烟率与对照组相比,干预措施降低了青少年的吸烟率
Jago R[35]英国20所中学的9年级(13~14岁)的1 558名女学生培训有影响力的学生在日常互动中充当同伴支持者,通过多种引导策略鼓励她们的同伴增加体育锻炼行为。空白对照干预6个月后的体育锻炼水平未观察到干预效果
Bell S L[36]英国6所学校的928名八年级学生培训有影响力的学生在日常互动中充当同伴支持者,通过多种引导策略鼓励他们的同伴改善肥胖相关的行为(如增加体育锻炼和改善饮食)。空白对照干预1个月后的体力活动水平与饮食摄入量未观察到干预效果
), ArticleFig(id=1320438537053393881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

基于社会网络的健康相关行为人群干预研究

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究者干预人群干预策略对照方式主要结局主要结果
Campbel R[34]英格兰和威尔士59所学校的10 730名12~13岁的学生培训有影响力的学生(由基于学校社会中心网络的同伴提名结果分析确定)在日常互动中充当同伴支持者,鼓励他们的同伴减少或预防吸烟行为。空白对照干预1周后的吸烟率与对照组相比,干预措施降低了青少年的吸烟率
Jago R[35]英国20所中学的9年级(13~14岁)的1 558名女学生培训有影响力的学生在日常互动中充当同伴支持者,通过多种引导策略鼓励她们的同伴增加体育锻炼行为。空白对照干预6个月后的体育锻炼水平未观察到干预效果
Bell S L[36]英国6所学校的928名八年级学生培训有影响力的学生在日常互动中充当同伴支持者,通过多种引导策略鼓励他们的同伴改善肥胖相关的行为(如增加体育锻炼和改善饮食)。空白对照干预1个月后的体力活动水平与饮食摄入量未观察到干预效果
), ArticleFig(id=1320438537124697050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Simulation intervention studies on health-related behaviors based on social networks

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究者干预人群干预行为模拟干预策略主要结果
Hallgren K A[37]美国5所高中学生饮酒
随机选择饮酒水平高的、被认定为“酗酒者”的个体作为干预目标减少其饮酒量对目标个体行为的直接改变引发了对其余个体的间接改变,即减少了他们同伴的饮酒量,但减少得较少。
Wang C[38]美国2所高中学生
饮酒
通过不同中心性的方式识别不同程度“酗酒者”的关键个体并模拟减少其饮酒量选择中度或重度饮酒且高入度中心性或高特征向量中心性者作为目标个体,将对群体产生最佳的干预效果a
Wang C[39]美国2所高中学生
饮酒
改变传染效应和选择效应参数
单独增强传染效应降低了群体的饮酒水平,而单独增强选择效应仅增加了群体内饮酒行为的同质性,并不影响整体饮酒水平。
), ArticleFig(id=1320438537279886299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1320438524340458375, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

基于社会网络的健康相关行为模拟干预研究

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究者干预人群干预行为模拟干预策略主要结果
Hallgren K A[37]美国5所高中学生饮酒
随机选择饮酒水平高的、被认定为“酗酒者”的个体作为干预目标减少其饮酒量对目标个体行为的直接改变引发了对其余个体的间接改变,即减少了他们同伴的饮酒量,但减少得较少。
Wang C[38]美国2所高中学生
饮酒
通过不同中心性的方式识别不同程度“酗酒者”的关键个体并模拟减少其饮酒量选择中度或重度饮酒且高入度中心性或高特征向量中心性者作为目标个体,将对群体产生最佳的干预效果a
Wang C[39]美国2所高中学生
饮酒
改变传染效应和选择效应参数
单独增强传染效应降低了群体的饮酒水平,而单独增强选择效应仅增加了群体内饮酒行为的同质性,并不影响整体饮酒水平。
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基于社会网络的青少年健康相关行为传染研究进展
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罗锐 1 , 张靖瑜 1 , 杨梓滢 1 , 王爽 1 , 张率骐 1 , 李菁华 1, 2, 3 , 郝春 1, 2, 3 , 顾菁 1, 2, 3, *, *
中国公共卫生 | 专题报道——关注儿童青少年健康 2026,42(6): 694-699
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中国公共卫生 |专题报道——关注儿童青少年健康 2026 , 42 (6) : 694 -699
基于社会网络的青少年健康相关行为传染研究进展
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罗锐(1994—),博士在读,研究方向:行为与心理健康

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罗锐1, 张靖瑜1, 杨梓滢1, 王爽1, 张率骐1, 李菁华1, 2, 3, 郝春1, 2, 3, 顾菁1, 2, 3, *, *
作者信息
  • 1中山大学公共卫生学院医学统计学系,广州 510080
  • 2中山大学全球卫生研究中心,广州 510080
  • 3中山大学卫生信息研究中心,广州 510300
通讯作者:
顾菁,E-mail:
作者简介:

罗锐(1994—),博士在读,研究方向:行为与心理健康

Progress in research on health-related behavioral contagion among adolescents based on social networks: a review
Rui LUO1, Jingyu ZHANG1, Ziying YANG1, Shuang WANG1, Shuaiqi ZHANG1, Jinghua LI1, 2, 3, Chun HAO1, 2, 3, Jing GU1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
  • 2Sun Yat-sen University Global Health Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
  • 3Sun Yat-sen University Center for Health Information, Guangzhou 510300, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    GU Jing, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-06-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146860
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个人行为受其社会环境的影响,青少年的健康相关行为不仅对个体的终生健康具有影响,还可能在社会网络中发生行为传染。本文从观察性与干预性研究的视角综述了青少年健康相关行为传染的研究进展,为我国青少年健康行为的干预与防控提供新的视角。研究表明,当前面临诸多挑战,包括纵向社会网络数据获取的困难、集中于单一行为、数据分析方法的不足以及干预措施的匮乏等。我国在这一领域仍处于探索阶段,亟需进行更深入的研究。

青少年  /  健康相关行为  /  行为传染  /  社会网络分析  /  行为干预

Individual behavior is significantly influenced by the surrounding social environment. Health-related behaviors among adolescents not only affect their lifelong health but may also result in behavioral contagion within social networks. This paper reviews advancements in the studies of health-related behavioral contagion among adolescents from the perspectives of observational and intervention research, providing new insights for intervention and prevention strategies targeting health-related behaviors in Chinese adolescents. The analysis identifies several current challenges, including difficulties in obtaining comprehensive longitudinal social network data, a predominant focus on individual behaviors, limitations in data analysis methods, and a lack of effective intervention strategies. China remains in the exploratory phase in this field, which underscores the urgent need for more in-depth research.

adolescents  /  health-related behavior  /  behavioral contagion  /  social network analysis  /  behavioral intervention
罗锐, 张靖瑜, 杨梓滢, 王爽, 张率骐, 李菁华, 郝春, 顾菁. 基于社会网络的青少年健康相关行为传染研究进展. 中国公共卫生, 2026 , 42 (6) : 694 -699 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146860
Rui LUO, Jingyu ZHANG, Ziying YANG, Shuang WANG, Shuaiqi ZHANG, Jinghua LI, Chun HAO, Jing GU. Progress in research on health-related behavioral contagion among adolescents based on social networks: a review[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2026 , 42 (6) : 694 -699 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146860
青少年时期的健康相关行为对终身的健康具有深远影响[1]。研究显示,约70%的过早死亡与青少年时期的健康危害行为密切相关。这些行为包括不健康的饮食习惯、吸烟、饮酒和网络游戏成瘾等,且在青少年群体中具有较高的流行率[2–4]。通过健康促进行为的养成并遏制健康危害行为的发生,可以减轻对生活质量和寿命的负面影响,从而为社会的整体健康水平提升奠定基础。行为传染(behavioral contagion)指个体通过观察、模仿或外部影响,倾向于采取与他人相似的行为[5]。与疾病传染不同,行为传染并非依赖于直接接触某个传染源,而是受到多重社会和心理因素的共同作用影响,包括个体间的亲密关系、社会网络的结构特征以及潜在传染源的数量等[6]。此外,行为传染的识别可能受更多混杂因素的影响,因为除了传染事件本身外,行为聚集的原因还可能涉及选择性互动,即个体倾向于与具有相似行为特征的人建立关系。研究健康相关行为传染为健康促进行为的推动和健康危害行为的遏制提供了重要依据。社会网络分析能够有效捕捉个体间社会关系的非独立性,揭示健康相关行为在社会网络中的传染效应[7]。自2000年初以来,随着社交媒体平台的普及,社会网络分析已广泛应用于信息传播、舆情监测、社交影响力分析等多个领域,但在健康相关行为传染的研究中仍处于初步探索阶段。本文基于社会网络的青少年健康相关行为传染研究,为我国青少年健康相关行为防控提供新的视角与实践启示。
行为传染研究一般基于社会网络数据,利用社会网络分析方法探究行为传染的现象与机制。社会网络是指一群人或团体按某种关系连接在一起而构成的系统[8],其设计可按照以自我或社会为中心分为自我中心网络(ego-centered network)和整体网络(whole network)。如图1所示,自我中心网络选择一个行动者为中心节点(ego)并获取与其存在社会关系的邻居节点(alter),整体网络则需收集选定群体内所有行动者间的社会关系。对社会网络进行纵向观察,可形成由一系列离散时间点上的静态社会网络构成的集合,即时序网络(temporal network),为个体和社会关系加上时间维度,以获取关于社会关系和个体属性随时间演化的数据。
社会网络数据往往不能满足传统统计模型中的独立性假设,如logistic回归、线性回归等模型。因此,在基于社会网络数据的研究中仅采用传统统计分析模型可导致结果偏倚。此外,行为相近个体间的社会关系有聚集倾向,传统模型未能解决由网络结构引起的内生性问题。经文献回顾,基于社会网络数据的行为传染研究分析方法如下。
社会网络中的个体往往表现出行为同质性(homophily),即相互连接的个体在健康相关行为上具有较高的相似性。利用同质性可初步判断行为是否具有传染性,其最常用的指标为同配系数(assortativity coefficient)。同配系数是度量存在社会关系的个体间行为的相关性指标,其取值范围为–1~1,同配系数越接近于1,说明行为在社会网络中更倾向于聚集,即存在同质性,提示行为传染的发生可能[9]。虽然同配系数可直观描述社会关系与行为之间的相关性,但是其计算是基于单一的横断面静态网络。因此,不能判断行为同质性产生的原因。此外,同配系数仅能衡量单一行为与网络连边的关联,亦不能排除个体其他行为或特征带来的影响。
网络自相关模型(network autocorrelation model)是社会网络分析中的常用方法,类似于在网络上构建传统统计模型如广义线性回归和Cox回归,以探索静态网络中网络结构对行为的影响。网络自相关模型重点关注个体之间的社会关系对个体行为的影响,不仅考虑个体自身特征的外生变量,还考虑个体之间的相互影响[10]。但该模型同样只考虑了变量在同一时间截面的相关性,而没有考虑到变量之间关系的动态变化和相互作用。因此,无法捕捉到网络中的复杂动态演化过程,从而无法识别其行为同质性形成的因果机制。
网络动力学模型是一类用于描述和理解网络结构和节点属性间相互作用及其随时间演化的数学模型。其中行动者随机导向模型(stochastic actor-oriented models, SAOM)是常用的网络动力学模型,该模型将网络结构与行为视作2个因变量,结合网络结构演化和行为演化这两种相互依赖的过程,基于动态网络同时模拟“物以类聚”的选择机制和“近朱者赤”的传染机制[11]。行动者随机导向模型将网络面板数据分割为多个微步(mini-step),基于行动者的社会网络特征和行为属性对这些微步之间的数据变化规律进行模拟,然后将演化过程进一步划分为连续的微步,以弥补面板数据的不完整观察,并推断网络结构和个体行为的演化趋势,揭示个体之间动态互动过程。但是,行动者随机导向模型具有较高的复杂度,且需要纵向的整体网络数据。因此,行动者随机导向模型的建立、参数估计都更为困难和耗时。
目前已有8篇关于健康相关行为传染的调查研究。其中,Giese H和Kreager D A等[12–13]采用多水平模型探讨了青少年吸烟与饮酒行为之间的关联。研究结果表明,学生可能会与那些互相回报友谊的同伴一起饮酒,且其饮酒量通常与朋友相似。美国的几项研究则采用传统分析方法,如logistic回归和线性回归,探讨青少年成瘾行为之间的关系。结果表明,青少年与同伴之间在行为频率上存在相似性[14–16]。这些研究的主要结论是同伴的行为与自身的行为之间存在关联,即相关性。然而,这些方法未考虑网络结构导致的内生性问题,因此,得出的结果准确性较低。此外,这些研究基于的都是非网络数据,未收集参与者的整体网络信息,导致无法刻画这些行为在网络中的具体分布及同质性。更重要的是,这些模型的因果推断能力有限,无法明确是传染效应还是其他因素导致这种行为的同质性。
目前,已有11项研究采用行动者随机导向模型或网络自相关模型等社会网络分析方法,探讨青少年吸烟、饮酒以及大麻使用等成瘾行为。例如,Kiuru N等[20]对芬兰9所中学的1 419名中学生进行纵向调查。运用SAOM模型分析同伴社会网络中青少年的吸烟与饮酒行为,发现行为聚集现象中同时存在传染效应与同伴选择效应。美国的几项研究也得出类似的结论。表明这些成瘾行为存在明显的传染效应[21–23]。此外,DiGuiseppi G T和Kenney S K[24–25]利用网络自相关模型,通过横断面数据探讨饮酒行为的同质性。结果表明,同伴饮酒量的感知与个人饮酒量之间存在显著的正向关联。这些研究大多数探讨了吸烟、饮酒等物质使用行为,且多基于美国的样本,主要集中在中学生群体。这些研究主要利用美国青少年至成年健康全国纵向研究(The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, Add Health)中收集的整体网络数据[26]。该研究对1994—1995学年7~12年级的20 000余名全美代表性样本开展纵向研究,历经5轮追踪,最近的一轮是在2016—2018年。虽然Add Health收集了丰富的人口、社交、家庭、行为、心理、认知及健康调查数据,然而该数据追踪的人群较为久远,可能与当前学生存在差异。此外,由于不同国家之间文化背景和教育模式的差异,这些行为之间也可能存在区别。
有目的和有针对性地利用社会网络数据,可诱发或遏制健康相关行为的传播[32]。当行为干预的设计是建立在现有社会网络的基础上,并充分利用社会网络结构实施干预,网络内成员的健康相关行为水平会得到显著改善[33]。通过采用社会网络分析识别强影响力个体并对这类个体施加干预,行为改变可能通过其社会网络传播至更广泛的个体。如果结合适当的引导策略,可能进一步提升行为传染的传播效果。
由于获得社会中心网络较为困难,基于社会网络开展的人群行为干预研究较少。在校学生具有相对明确的社会网络边界,且个体之间联系密切。因此,学校是开展社会中心网络干预的重要场所。Campbell R等[34]在英国59所学校开展了一项整群随机对照试验。其中,干预组采用基于社会网络的策略,筛选出学生网络中具有影响力的学生并对其进行培训,让他们在日常生活中通过非正式教育的形式鼓励同伴减少或预防吸烟行为。对照组则继续实施其常规的吸烟教育和控烟政策。经随访发现,与传统的课堂教学模式相比,非教学形式的日常行为引导策略,更可能促进行为在群体内的扩散。但其他研究者针对体育运动、饮食等行为开展相关干预研究后,对于这种干预策略实际是否有效的结论不完全一致。Jago R等[35]研究结果表明,利用同伴引导策略的行为干预措施对提高整个群体的身体活动水平没有影响。Bell S L等[36]研究也发现,不同行为之间本身关系复杂(例如体育锻炼与饮食行为),导致体育锻炼行为在同伴网络中的传播受到阻碍,难以推进。目前的研究相对较少,未能有效充分地探索基于社会网络的干预策略的有效性与可行性。同时,现在有效的研究主要针对戒烟行为,更像是从行为抑制角度进行干预,未从行为传染的角度开展干预。此外,现有干预策略较为单一,仅针对行为采取简单的行为引导方式,未对选出的关键个体进行额外的干预。因此,未来需要进一步探索基于社会网络的干预方式,从行为传染性的角度对其他健康相关行为进行干预的有效性和可行性进行评估。
有少量研究通过模拟的方式探讨基于社会网络设计的行为干预效果。目前有3项基于SAOM开展的模拟干预研究,均针对饮酒行为。Hallgren K A等[37]基于美国高中生的同伴网络和饮酒行为数据进行模拟,在酗酒个体中随机选择目标个体,模拟目标个体饮酒行为发生改变和不改变两个场景;演化模型后比较不同场景下的同伴饮酒行为,发现个体行为的改变引发其他个体的行为改变。Wang C等[38–39]在美国开展的另两项模拟研究中,则分别探讨了目标个体识别方法(如入度中心性)和改变行为传染参数对整体行为水平的影响。目前的研究仅针对饮酒行为开展模拟干预,每项研究的干预策略相对单一,主要集中在不同选择关键个体的方式和改变效应参数的方式,缺乏策略组合。此外,这些模拟研究仅基于Add Health的观察性研究结果,并没有通过真实的人群干预来检验这些模拟干预策略的有效性和可行性。尽管模拟干预在策略组合和参数设置上具有灵活性,但其干预的现实可行性和有效性仍未知。因此,需要将人群干预与模拟干预相结合,全面探索基于社会网络的干预策略的最佳组合。
由于研究行为传染需要基于纵向社会网络数据,需要有一定的网络边界,并且需要对网络边界中每一个体进行调查,记录其与其他个体的关系,并进行持续的随访,实际操作中存在较大的挑战。尽管国外在健康相关行为传染的研究中已有初步探索,但基于社会网络的纵向数据仍较少,相关研究尚处于起步阶段,国内目前尚无此类研究,亟需进一步开展探索。
目前研究大多集中于吸烟、饮酒等物质使用行为,但对青少年群体中普遍存在的其他行为问题,如网络游戏成瘾、睡眠不足、不健康饮食等关注较少。此外,现有研究通常聚焦于单一行为的传染效应,但不同行为之间的传染效应可能存在差异。例如,健康促进行为与健康危害行为之间的传染效应可能不同,现有文献未对不同行为的传染效应进行比较分析。这一研究方向亟待进一步探讨。
尽管已有研究尝试基于网络动力学模型来探索行为传染效应,但也有研究依然采用传统的统计学模型,这些模型通常基于个体间独立的假设来分析同伴行为的关联性。这些方法可能存在偏倚,且未能充分考虑由网络结构引起的内生性问题。为了在网络结构的背景下进行有效的因果推断,须应用网络动力学模型能以更准确地捕捉网络的行为传染效应,提供更加可靠的证据。
基于社会网络的行为干预研究仍相对匮乏。现有研究仅采用选取有影响力的个体在日常互动中充当同伴支持者的方式,未充分比较不同干预方式的效果。此外,常见的同伴教育干预通过提名关键个体来实现,虽然利用了部分社会关系信息,但大多数干预形式仍以课堂教学、组织活动或榜样示范等方式进行,侧重于强化个体对社会规范的认知。然而,由同龄人在课堂环境中扮演较为正式的教育者角色,可能会影响信任度,甚至破坏同伴关系[40–41]。因此,基于社会网络的行为传染干预与传统同伴教育干预的效果差异,仍缺乏系统性的研究。
本综述深入探讨了青少年健康相关行为传染的研究,重点强调了社会网络在行为传染过程中的关键作用。目前,我国尚未开展基于青少年社会网络的健康相关行为传染研究,但这一视角为促进青少年行为健康提供了重要的理论依据和新视角。特别是在群体内行为改变的干预策略设计中,社会网络的作用不可忽视。通过识别关键节点并干预行为传播路径,可以有效促进健康行为的扩散,抑制健康危害行为的蔓延。我国相关研究亟需加速推进,未来研究应加强数据收集与分析方法的创新,以更有效地推动行为传染研究,从而提升青少年群体的整体健康水平。

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2026年第42卷第6期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146860
  • 接收时间:2025-01-06
  • 首发时间:2026-10-23
  • 出版时间:2026-06-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-06
  • 修回日期:2025-04-30
  • 录用日期:2025-08-02
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    1中山大学公共卫生学院医学统计学系,广州 510080
    2中山大学全球卫生研究中心,广州 510080
    3中山大学卫生信息研究中心,广州 510300

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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