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Article(id=1321169662583358272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321169578152014376, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1146765, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735056000000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-25, revisedDate=1753286400000, revisedDateStr=2025-07-24, acceptedDate=1754928000000, acceptedDateStr=2025-08-12, onlineDate=1792920993704, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1760025600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792920993704, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792920993704, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792920993704, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321169578152014376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='10', pageStart='1153', pageEnd='1280', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1760025600000', pubDateStr='2025-10-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792920973575, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792920973575, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1208, endPage=1212, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321169662793073473, articleId=1321169662583358272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Knowledge, attitude, and practice about automated external defibrillators and influencing factors among college students in Beijing, columnId=1320427686514770171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Survey and Report, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) about automated external defibrillators (AEDs) among college students and analyze the influencing factors.

Methods

From May to August 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 447 students selected by convenient sampling from 6 universities in Beijing. The information on demographic characteristics, understanding of AEDs, and KAP of AEDs was collected. Logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the factors influencing KAP of AEDs.

Results

A total of 1 447 students were investigated, with an average age of (22.51 ± 4.73) years. Among the population surveyed, 123 (8.50%) individuals had never heard of AEDs; 867 (59.92%) individuals were aware of AEDs and their functions but were unable to operate AEDs; only 68 (4.70%) individuals were capable of operating AEDs. The median (interquartile ranges) of KAP score about AEDs was 62 (55, 68). The logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who had never participated in first aid training (OR = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.52–0.97), were unaware of the legal protection associated with rescue action (OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.56–0.91), and lacked knowledge about the availability of AEDs around them (OR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.53–0.89) scored lower in KAP about AEDs. Conversely, participants who were aware of AEDs and their functions but could not operate AEDs (OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.50–2.57) and those who could operate AEDs (OR = 4.51, 95%CI: 2.36–8.64) demonstrated higher scores in KAP about AEDs.

Conclusions

The study indicates that the population has limited knowledge of AEDs but a good level of KAP. Factors such as participation in first aid training, awareness of AEDs function, understanding of legal protection for rescue action, and knowledge of the availability of AEDs around them significantly influence the KAP about AEDs.

, authors=Yongchao XIONG, Xiaohua ZHANG, Zheng YIN, Weimin JIN, Jianzhong ZHAO, authorsList=Yongchao XIONG, Xiaohua ZHANG, Zheng YIN, Weimin JIN, Jianzhong ZHAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jianzhong ZHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
ZHAO Jianzhong, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321169663594185542, articleId=1321169662583358272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=北京高校在校学生自动体外除颤器知信行影响因素分析, columnId=1320427686770622717, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=调查报告与分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解高校在校学生自动体外除颤器（AED）的知信行情况，并分析其影响因素。

方法

于2023年5—8月，采用方便抽样的方法，对北京6所高校1 447名在校学生进行问卷调查。收集一般情况、AED了解情况以及AED知信行等信息，采用logistic回归分析AED知信行的影响因素。

结果

共调查1 447人，平均年龄（22.51±4.73）岁。调查人群中有123人（8.50%）完全没听说过AED，有867人（59.92%）知道AED及其作用但不会操作，仅有 68人（4.70%）会操作使用AED。AED知信行得分[中位数（四分位数间距）]为62（55～68）分。logistic回归分析结果显示，未参加过急救培训（OR=0.71，95%CI=0.52～0.97）、不知道施救行为的法律保障（OR=0.72，95%CI=0.56～0.91）、不知道周围AED配置情况（OR=0.69，95%CI=0.53～0.89）的高校在校学生AED知信行得分较低。知道AED及其作用但不会操作（OR=1.97，95%CI=1.50～2.57）、会操作使用AED（OR=4.51，95%CI=2.36～8.64）的高校在校学生AED知信行得分较高。

结论

调查人群对AED的掌握程度有限，但知信行水平较好，曾是否参加过急救培训、AED了解情况、对施救行为法律保障的知晓情况以及对周围AED配置知晓情况是AED知信行的影响因素。

, authors=熊勇超, 张晓华, 尹正, 靳伟民, 赵建忠*, *, authorsList=熊勇超, 张晓华, 尹正, 靳伟民, 赵建忠, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=赵建忠, authorNote=

熊勇超（1987—），副研究员，硕士，研究方向：公众应急救护培训和健康教育

, correspAuthorsNote=
赵建忠，E-mail：
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熊勇超（1987—），副研究员，硕士，研究方向：公众应急救护培训和健康教育

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熊勇超（1987—），副研究员，硕士，研究方向：公众应急救护培训和健康教育

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articleId=1321169662583358272, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=北京市)], refs=[Reference(id=1321169668728013683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吕传柱, 张华, 陈松, 等. 中国AED布局与投放专家共识[J]. 中国急救医学, 2020, 40(9): 813-819., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169668933534580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=教育部办公厅, 中国红十字会总会办公室. 教育部办公厅 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Public knowledge and willingness in the use of public access defibrillation of Hubei Province in China: a cross-sectional study[J]. Medicine, 2024, 103(3): e36928., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169671290733435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dew R, Norton M, Aitken-Fell P, et al. Knowledge and barriers of out of hospital cardiac arrest bystander intervention and public access automated external defibrillator use in the Northeast of England: a cross-sectional survey study[J]. 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Clin Exp Emerg Med, 2021, 8(1): 1-8., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169671844381566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡苏珍, 常秀春, 夏桂虎, 等. 宁波市公众对AED认知和使用的现况调查研究[J]. 中华急诊医学杂志, 2020, 29(4): 614-616., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169671961822079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张娜, 陆姣, 程景民. 中国居民防范食源性疾病相关知识、态度、行为现状及其人群特征分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2022, 38(3): 280-284., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169672066679680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国健康教育中心. 中国公民健康素养——基本知识与技能释义(2024年版)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2024: 7., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1321169672146371457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郑舒遥, 许铁, 李亦琛, 等. 2022年江苏省城镇居民急救素养现状调查[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2024, 40(6): 704-710., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321169663820677959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169663824872264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, companyId=1321169663820677959, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Chinese Red Cross National Training Center, Beijing 100010, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321169663833260873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, companyId=1321169663820677959, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国红十字会总会训练中心，北京 100010)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1321169668056925037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Number and percentages of participants showing totally agreement/more agreement/neutrality/less agreement/completely not agreement surveyed by five-point attitude and six-point practice of AEDs

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
态度和行为条目完全赞同　比较赞同　一般　不太赞同　完全不赞同
人数%人数%人数%人数%人数%
态度对呼吸、心跳停止的患者实施心肺复苏并及时使用AED可提高其存活机会98274.1726219.79574.3180.60151.13
普通民众（并非专业医务人员）也可以操作使用AED85264.3530022.66977.33453.40302.27
有必要在公共场所大力配置AED94171.0727620.85826.19100.76151.13
配备AED的同时应开展相应的培训1 07681.2719214.50382.8730.23151.13
每个公民都有必要参加AED使用等急救培训89267.3731123.49997.4860.45161.21
行为我会主动关注并记住周边安放的AED83963.3733625.381239.29110.83151.13
我会主动学习AED等急救知识91869.3431723.94685.1450.38161.21
我会鼓励家人、朋友、同事一起学习AED等急救知识90468.2833225.08675.0680.60130.98
当我不具备AED使用知识，有人需要急救时，我会第一时间拨打1201 05579.6820815.71392.9540.30181.36
当我不具备AED使用知识，有人需要急救时，我会帮忙去获取AED95371.9826019.64725.44100.76292.19
当我具备AED使用知识，有人需要急救时，我会为他人使用AED98374.24　26019.64　624.68　30.23　161.21
), ArticleFig(id=1321169668174365550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

AED态度和行为情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
态度和行为条目完全赞同　比较赞同　一般　不太赞同　完全不赞同
人数%人数%人数%人数%人数%
态度对呼吸、心跳停止的患者实施心肺复苏并及时使用AED可提高其存活机会98274.1726219.79574.3180.60151.13
普通民众（并非专业医务人员）也可以操作使用AED85264.3530022.66977.33453.40302.27
有必要在公共场所大力配置AED94171.0727620.85826.19100.76151.13
配备AED的同时应开展相应的培训1 07681.2719214.50382.8730.23151.13
每个公民都有必要参加AED使用等急救培训89267.3731123.49997.4860.45161.21
行为我会主动关注并记住周边安放的AED83963.3733625.381239.29110.83151.13
我会主动学习AED等急救知识91869.3431723.94685.1450.38161.21
我会鼓励家人、朋友、同事一起学习AED等急救知识90468.2833225.08675.0680.60130.98
当我不具备AED使用知识，有人需要急救时，我会第一时间拨打1201 05579.6820815.71392.9540.30181.36
当我不具备AED使用知识，有人需要急救时，我会帮忙去获取AED95371.9826019.64725.44100.76292.19
当我具备AED使用知识，有人需要急救时，我会为他人使用AED98374.24　26019.64　624.68　30.23　161.21
), ArticleFig(id=1321169668262445935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Number and percentages of AED KAP levels stratified by gender, educational background, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, participation in first aid training, awareness of AEDs, knowledge about AED location, knowledge about how to find AEDs, knowledge about legal protection associated with rescue action, and knowledge about availability of surrounding AEDs among 1 324 college students in Beijing

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类低知信行高知信行χ2值P值
人数%人数%
性别男性35554.4529745.550.100.75
女性36053.5731246.43
受教育程度大学本科52554.8043345.200.890.64
硕士研究生14351.8113348.19
博士研究生4752.224347.78
家人是否有心脑血管病史是17553.8515046.150.000.95
否54054.0545945.95
曾是否参加过急救培训是10040.4914759.5122.340.00
否61557.1046242.90
AED的了解情况知道AED但不知道作用26868.8912131.1166.580.00
知道AED及其作用但不会操作43149.7143650.29
会操作使用AED1623.535276.47
AED放置场所的知晓情况知道29747.9032352.1021.540.00
不知道27362.3316537.67
听说过但未见过14554.5112145.49
是否知道如何找寻AED知道8139.7112360.2919.850.00
不知道63456.6148643.39
施救行为法律保障的知晓情况知道26946.8630553.1420.790.00
不知道44659.4730440.53
周围AED配置的知晓情况知道26145.3131554.6931.000.00
　不知道45460.7029439.30
), ArticleFig(id=1321169668363109232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同特征人群及不同AED知信行得分比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类低知信行高知信行χ2值P值
人数%人数%
性别男性35554.4529745.550.100.75
女性36053.5731246.43
受教育程度大学本科52554.8043345.200.890.64
硕士研究生14351.8113348.19
博士研究生4752.224347.78
家人是否有心脑血管病史是17553.8515046.150.000.95
否54054.0545945.95
曾是否参加过急救培训是10040.4914759.5122.340.00
否61557.1046242.90
AED的了解情况知道AED但不知道作用26868.8912131.1166.580.00
知道AED及其作用但不会操作43149.7143650.29
会操作使用AED1623.535276.47
AED放置场所的知晓情况知道29747.9032352.1021.540.00
不知道27362.3316537.67
听说过但未见过14554.5112145.49
是否知道如何找寻AED知道8139.7112360.2919.850.00
不知道63456.6148643.39
施救行为法律保障的知晓情况知道26946.8630553.1420.790.00
不知道44659.4730440.53
周围AED配置的知晓情况知道26145.3131554.6931.000.00
　不知道45460.7029439.30
), ArticleFig(id=1321169668509909873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Associations of participation in first aid training, awareness of AED, knowledge about legal protection associated with rescue action, and knowledge about availability of surrounding AEDs with AED KAP levels among 1 324 college students in Beijing: multivariate logistic regression analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素比较组参照组β $ {S}_{\bar {x}} $Wald χ2值P值OR值95%CI
曾是否参加过急救培训否是−0.340.164.660.030.710.52～0.97
AED了解情况知道AED及其作用但不会操作知道AED但不知道作用0.680.1424.510.001.971.50～2.57
会操作使用AED1.510.3320.750.004.512.36～8.64
施救行为法律保障的知晓情况不知道知道−0.340.127.670.010.720.56～0.91
周围AED配置的知晓情况不知道知道−0.370.138.270.000.690.53～0.89
), ArticleFig(id=1321169668593795954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321169662583358272, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

AED知信行得分影响因素多因素logistic 回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素比较组参照组β $ {S}_{\bar {x}} $Wald χ2值P值OR值95%CI
曾是否参加过急救培训否是−0.340.164.660.030.710.52～0.97
AED了解情况知道AED及其作用但不会操作知道AED但不知道作用0.680.1424.510.001.971.50～2.57
会操作使用AED1.510.3320.750.004.512.36～8.64
施救行为法律保障的知晓情况不知道知道−0.340.127.670.010.720.56～0.91
周围AED配置的知晓情况不知道知道−0.370.138.270.000.690.53～0.89
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北京高校在校学生自动体外除颤器知信行影响因素分析
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熊勇超 , 张晓华 , 尹正 , 靳伟民 , 赵建忠 *, *
中国公共卫生 | 调查报告与分析 2025,41(10): 1208-1212
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中国公共卫生 |调查报告与分析 2025 , 41 (10) : 1208 -1212
北京高校在校学生自动体外除颤器知信行影响因素分析
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熊勇超, 张晓华, 尹正, 靳伟民, 赵建忠*, *
作者信息
  • 中国红十字会总会训练中心，北京 100010
通讯作者:
赵建忠，E-mail：
作者简介:

熊勇超（1987—），副研究员，硕士，研究方向：公众应急救护培训和健康教育

Knowledge, attitude, and practice about automated external defibrillators and influencing factors among college students in Beijing
Yongchao XIONG, Xiaohua ZHANG, Zheng YIN, Weimin JIN, Jianzhong ZHAO
Affiliations
  • Chinese Red Cross National Training Center, Beijing 100010, China
    • Corresponding Author:
    ZHAO Jianzhong, E-mail:
出版时间: 2025-10-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146765
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摘要
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目的

了解高校在校学生自动体外除颤器（AED）的知信行情况，并分析其影响因素。

方法

于2023年5—8月，采用方便抽样的方法，对北京6所高校1 447名在校学生进行问卷调查。收集一般情况、AED了解情况以及AED知信行等信息，采用logistic回归分析AED知信行的影响因素。

结果

共调查1 447人，平均年龄（22.51±4.73）岁。调查人群中有123人（8.50%）完全没听说过AED，有867人（59.92%）知道AED及其作用但不会操作，仅有 68人（4.70%）会操作使用AED。AED知信行得分[中位数（四分位数间距）]为62（55～68）分。logistic回归分析结果显示，未参加过急救培训（OR=0.71，95%CI=0.52～0.97）、不知道施救行为的法律保障（OR=0.72，95%CI=0.56～0.91）、不知道周围AED配置情况（OR=0.69，95%CI=0.53～0.89）的高校在校学生AED知信行得分较低。知道AED及其作用但不会操作（OR=1.97，95%CI=1.50～2.57）、会操作使用AED（OR=4.51，95%CI=2.36～8.64）的高校在校学生AED知信行得分较高。

结论

调查人群对AED的掌握程度有限，但知信行水平较好，曾是否参加过急救培训、AED了解情况、对施救行为法律保障的知晓情况以及对周围AED配置知晓情况是AED知信行的影响因素。

高校在校学生  /  自动体外除颤器  /  知信行  /  影响因素  /  北京市
Objective

To investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) about automated external defibrillators (AEDs) among college students and analyze the influencing factors.

Methods

From May to August 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 447 students selected by convenient sampling from 6 universities in Beijing. The information on demographic characteristics, understanding of AEDs, and KAP of AEDs was collected. Logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the factors influencing KAP of AEDs.

Results

A total of 1 447 students were investigated, with an average age of (22.51 ± 4.73) years. Among the population surveyed, 123 (8.50%) individuals had never heard of AEDs; 867 (59.92%) individuals were aware of AEDs and their functions but were unable to operate AEDs; only 68 (4.70%) individuals were capable of operating AEDs. The median (interquartile ranges) of KAP score about AEDs was 62 (55, 68). The logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who had never participated in first aid training (OR = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.52–0.97), were unaware of the legal protection associated with rescue action (OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.56–0.91), and lacked knowledge about the availability of AEDs around them (OR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.53–0.89) scored lower in KAP about AEDs. Conversely, participants who were aware of AEDs and their functions but could not operate AEDs (OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.50–2.57) and those who could operate AEDs (OR = 4.51, 95%CI: 2.36–8.64) demonstrated higher scores in KAP about AEDs.

Conclusions

The study indicates that the population has limited knowledge of AEDs but a good level of KAP. Factors such as participation in first aid training, awareness of AEDs function, understanding of legal protection for rescue action, and knowledge of the availability of AEDs around them significantly influence the KAP about AEDs.

college students  /  automated external defibrillator  /  knowledge,attitude,and practice  /  influencing factor  /  Beijing
熊勇超, 张晓华, 尹正, 靳伟民, 赵建忠. 北京高校在校学生自动体外除颤器知信行影响因素分析. 中国公共卫生, 2025 , 41 (10) : 1208 -1212 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146765
Yongchao XIONG, Xiaohua ZHANG, Zheng YIN, Weimin JIN, Jianzhong ZHAO. Knowledge, attitude, and practice about automated external defibrillators and influencing factors among college students in Beijing[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2025 , 41 (10) : 1208 -1212 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146765
正文
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自动体外除颤器（automated external defibrillator, AED）是挽救心搏骤停者生命的重要医疗设备，公众对AED的认识程度及其可获得性会严重影响心搏骤停者的生存机会。近年来，我国逐步实施了公共除颤计划[1]，不断加大AED的投放力度，同时积极开展AED等相关急救技能培训工作。急救教育作为学校健康教育工作的重要内容之一，2021年5月中国红十字会总会联合教育部印发《关于进一步推进学校应急救护工作的通知》，提出要将应急救护培训纳入学校素质教育内容[2]。2021年10月教育部办公厅发布《关于开展全国学校急救教育试点工作的通知》，决定开展全国学校急救教育试点工作[3]。目前，有学者开展过高校学生心肺复苏知信行[4]或公众AED知信行的研究[5]，但是关于高校学生AED知信行的研究相对较少。本研究于2023年5—8月采用问卷形式对北京6所高校的1 447名在校学生进行调查，旨在了解该人群AED知信行情况，分析AED知信行的影响因素，为进一步开展学校急救教育工作提供政策建议。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
以北京市高校在校学生为调查对象，结合“社会急救能力建设培训项目”急救进校园普及推广活动。于2023年5—8月，以高校综合实力为特征因素分层，并考虑高校学科特色及合作意愿，通过非概率抽样（方便抽样）的方式在北京大学、中国科学院大学、北京理工大学、北京科技大学、中国人民公安大学和北京城市学院分别选取256、190、136、597、170和98名在校学生进行问卷调查。共收集调查问卷1 447份，问卷有效率100%。调查对象年龄为16～34岁，平均（22.51±4.73）岁。本研究按照知情同意的原则进行问卷调查，经中国红十字会总会训练中心批准免除伦理审查。
1.2　方法
本研究采用横断面研究设计，在查阅文献并参照《红十字应急救护培训标准化手册》的基础上自行设计调查问卷。调查问卷经过权威专家论证，并进行预调查后确定。问卷包含3个部分内容：（1）一般情况，包括性别、受教育程度、心脑血管病史以及曾是否参加急救培训等情况；（2）AED了解情况，包括对AED、AED放置场所及周围AED配置等的知晓情况；（3）AED有关知识、态度和行为。AED相关知识、态度和行为分别有6条、5条和6条，共计17条，并对条目分别赋分。AED知识方面，每条回答正确得5分，错误不得分，总分30分；AED态度和行为方面，使用Likert 5级评分法，回答“完全赞同”“比较赞同”“一般”“不太赞同”“完全不赞同”分别得5、4、3、2、1分，总分分别为25分和30分。17条条目满分85分，自行设定以AED相关知识答对≥4道题、态度和行为的看法为“完全赞同”和“比较赞同”为临界值，即知识、态度和行为得分分别为20、20和24分为临界值，将总得分按照≤64分和>64分为低知信行和高知信行2组。本研究采用“问卷星”电子问卷进行现场调查。经过统一培训的调查员负责组织现场调查，确保调查时提供一致的解释和填写说明。电子问卷由调查对象独立完成，后台控制仅能提交1次。调查员对所提交的问卷按照问卷质量检查要求逐一审核，及时发现问题并纠正，确保问卷填答质量。
1.3　统计分析
运用SPSS 20软件对收集的数据进行清洗、整理和分析。计量资料如符合正态分布的以$ \bar {x}\pm s $描述，不符合的以中位数和四分位数间距[M（Q1～Q3）]描述。计数资料采用频数、构成比描述。组间比较采用χ2检验，采用多因素logistic回归模型（进入法）分析AED知信行的影响因素。检验水准为α=0.05（双侧），以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2　结　果
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2.1　一般情况
本研究共调查1 447名高校在校学生，其中男性708人（48.93%），女性739人（51.07%）。大学本科1 051人（72.63%），硕士研究生302人（20.87%），博士研究生94人（6.50%）。家人有心脑血管病史的有353人（24.40%）。曾参加过急救培训的有257人（17.76%）。知晓施救行为法律保障的有608人（42.02%）。
2.2　了解AED情况
高校在校学生中有123人（8.50%）完全没听说过AED，有389人（26.88%）知道AED但不知道作用，有867人（59.92%）知道AED及其作用但不会操作，仅有 68人（4.70%）会操作使用AED。有631人（43.61%）知道AED的放置场所，其中有566人（89.70%）见过AED。有211人（14.58%）知道如何找寻AED。591人（40.84%）知道周围AED配置情况。
2.3　AED知信行情况
2.3.1　AED知识回答情况
在1 447人中，剔除完全没听说过AED的123人，纳入AED知信行分析的有1 324人。AED知识方面包括使用时机、基本概念、电极片贴放位置、使用注意事项、操作步骤及除颤后处理6道单选题，其答对人数分别为269人（20.32%）、815人（61.56%）、523人（39.50%）、586人（44.26%）、398人（30.06%）、222人（16.77%）。6道题得分[M（Q1～Q3）]为10（5～15）分。
2.3.2　AED态度和行为情况（表1）
高校在校学生对AED有关态度和行为各个条目的看法为“完全赞同”和“比较赞同”的比例合计90%左右，其中“普通民众（并非专业医务人员）也可以操作使用AED”条目赞同比例最低，为87.01%（1 152/1 324），“配备AED的同时应开展相应的培训”条目赞同比例最高，为95.77%（1 268/1 324）。AED态度和行为得分[M（Q1～Q3）]分别为25（22～25）分和30（26～30）分；AED知信行总得分为62（55～68）分。
2.4　AED知信行影响因素分析
2.4.1　单因素分析（表2）
将总得分按照≤64和>64分为低知信行和高知信行2组。χ2检验结果显示，曾是否参加过急救培训、AED的了解情况、AED放置场所的知晓情况、是否知道如何找寻AED、施救行为法律保障的知晓情况以及周围AED配置知晓情况，2组比较差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.01）。
2.4.2　多因素分析（表3）
以AED知信行得分高低为因变量（低知信行=0，高知信行=1），将表2中所有变量纳入多因素logistic回归模型，变量纳入和剔除标准分别为0.05和0.10。结果显示，从未参加过急救培训（OR=0.71，95%CI=0.52～0.97）、不知道施救行为的法律保障（OR=0.72，95%CI=0.56～0.91）、不知道周围AED配置情况（OR=0.69，95%CI=0.53～0.89）的高校在校学生对AED知信行得分较低。知道AED及其作用但不会操作（OR=1.97，95%CI=1.50～2.57）、会操作使用AED（OR=4.51，95%CI=2.36～8.64）的高校在校学生对AED知信行得分较高。
3　讨　论
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本调查结果显示，北京市高校在校学生对AED有一定的了解，但是掌握程度有限。调查人群中有86.80%知道AED但是不知道其作用或者不会操作，了解AED的比例高于我国其他相关研究结果[6–8]。陈小燕等[6]的研究结果显示，37.8%的调查对象了解AED，Chen KQ等[8]发现56.05%的受试者知道AED。本研究发现，高校在校学生了解AED的比例也高于Dew R等[9]在英国的研究结果（80.3%）。由于高校在校学生接受知识能力较强，加之校园安全教育与培训的普及以及校园AED设备覆盖等原因，使得高校在校学生对AED的有较好了解。2023年11月，北京发布重点公共场所AED电子地图。地图显示，北京市已有5 000余台AED覆盖学校等七大类重点公共场所[10]。近年来，北京市也不断加强对AED的宣传和推广。本研究结果显示，有将近90%的高校在校学生见过AED，但是会操作使用AED的人数仅为4.7%，低于英国、韩国的研究结果[9, 11]。提示调查人群对AED的认识还有待于提高。在急救进校园工作日益受到重视的背景下，提高大学生对AED及相关急救技能的了解与掌握具有极其重要意义。同时，政府在实施公共除颤计划的同时[1]，要不断加强公众AED等有关急救技能的培训。
本研究发现，调查人群AED知信行较好，得分为62（55～68）分。AED知信行的影响因素有曾是否参加过急救培训、AED了解情况、对施救行为法律保障的知晓情况以及对周围AED配置知晓情况等。曾参加过急救培训的调查对象AED知信行得分较高，这与其他研究结果类似[12]。培训是获得知识的主要途径之一，高校在校学生有较多的培训机会，或者在必修或选修课程中学习过相关内容。因此，有更高的AED知信行得分。对AED有一定认识的高校在校学生，包括知道AED及其作用但不会操作、会操作使用AED的高校在校学生，按照知信行理论模式，行为的改变是获取知识、产生信念及形成行为3个连续变化的过程，良好的知识会有利于形成正确的态度，进而过渡为积极的行为[13]，故而有较高知信行得分。学习使用AED是公民健康素养的一部分[14–15]。因此，有必要继续加强高校在校学生AED等急救素养的培养。知晓施救行为的法律保障以及知晓周围AED配置情况的高校在校学生，可能原因是曾接触过相关的急救培训或者其本身对AED有一定的了解。因此，AED的知信行得分较高。研究结果提示，政府和有关教育部门需要进一步加强宣传教育，继续加大学校急救教育普及力度，积极开展AED等相关急救培训任务，培养高校在校学生AED等急救素养，进而提升自救和互救能力。
本研究存在一定的局限性。首先本研究采用的是非概率抽样方法选择调查对象，存在选择偏倚。研究结果仅代表所调查对象的情况，结果的外推受到一定的限制；其次，在信息收集的过程中调查对象采用自填问卷的形式，可能会造成一定的信息偏倚。

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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146765
  • 接收时间：2024-12-25
  • 首发时间：2026-10-25
  • 出版时间：2025-10-10
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  • 收稿日期：2024-12-25
  • 修回日期：2025-07-24
  • 录用日期：2025-08-12
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    中国红十字会总会训练中心，北京 100010

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