Article(id=1321170681748902891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321170608034009636, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11847/zgggws1146618, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733673600000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-09, revisedDate=1739376000000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-13, acceptedDate=1754841600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-08-11, onlineDate=1792921236692, onlineDateStr=2026-10-25, pubDate=1765296000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792921236692, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792921236692, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792921236692, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1321170608034009636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, year='2025', volume='41', issue='12', pageStart='1409', pageEnd='1536', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1765296000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792921219118, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793011150268, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1321547806687474583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321170608034009636, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1321547806687474584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, issueId=1321170608034009636, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1511, endPage=1516, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1321170683560842220, articleId=1321170681748902891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=EN, title=Opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer among residents aged ≥40 years in Sichuan Province, 2019–2023, columnId=1320427686514770171, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Public Health, columnName=Survey and Report, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the opportunistic screening results for upper gastrointestinal cancer in Sichuan province from 2019 to 2023, thus providing a reference for promoting opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer in this region.

Methods

Data were collected from the Early Diagnosis and Treatment Management Platform of the Sichuan Cancer Prevention and Control Center. The study included 844 844 high-risk individuals aged ≥ 40 years who underwent gastroscopy at 88 secondary or higher-level hospitals across 18 cities (prefectures) in five major economic regions (Chengdu Plain Economic Zone, Southern Sichuan Economic Zone, Northeastern Sichuan Economic Zone, Panxi Economic Zone, and Northwestern Sichuan Ecological Demonstration Area) of Sichuan province from July 2019 to May 2023. The biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer in Sichuan province were analyzed.

Results

Among the 844 844 high-risk individuals who underwent opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer from 2019 to 2023, 182 133 individuals underwent biopsies, with a total of 190 852 biopsy sites, yielding a biopsy rate of 22.59%. A total of 20 647 cases of lesions were detected, with a lesion detection rate of 2.44%. Among the detected cases, 5 258 were early-stage lesions, resulting in an early diagnosis rate of 25.47%. The esophagus, cardia, and stomach showed the bioscopy rates of 3.80%, 1.09%, and 17.71%, lesion detection rates of 1.37%, 0.29%, and 0.78%, and early diagnosis rates of 28.29%, 20.44%, and 22.37%, respectively. Comparative analysis by demographic characteristics revealed that males had higher biopsy rate and lesion detection rate but lower early diagnosis rate than females (all P < 0.001). Both the biopsy rate and lesion detection rate increased with age, while the early diagnosis rate decreased with age (all P < 0.001). Differences were observed in biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate across different regions (all P < 0.001). Individuals who underwent painless gastroscopy had higher biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate than those who underwent conventional gastroscopy (all P < 0.05). The examination with the use of chemical staining methods resulted in higher biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate than the examination without the use of chemical staining (all P < 0.001). In addition, differences were also observed in biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate among individuals with different Helicobacter pylori test results (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate in opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer in Sichuan province were low from 2019 to 2023. Efforts are still required, with particular attention needed for male and elderly populations.

, authors=Zhigang ZHONG1, Yu BAO2, Rui ZHAO2, Yehan ZHOU3, Lina LI1, Xiaoxia LIU1, Jing MA1, Jiahao XU1, Liang QIAO1, authorsList=Zhigang ZHONG, Yu BAO, Rui ZHAO, Yehan ZHOU, Lina LI, Xiaoxia LIU, Jing MA, Jiahao XU, Liang QIAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Liang QIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
QIAO Liang, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2025 Chinese Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1321170683875415021, articleId=1321170681748902891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, language=CN, title=2019—2023年四川省≥40岁居民上消化道癌机会性筛查结果分析, columnId=1320427686770622717, journalTitle=中国公共卫生, columnName=调查报告与分析, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析2019—2023年四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查结果,为推广该地区上消化道癌机会性筛查工作提供参考依据。

方法

收集四川省癌症防治中心早诊早治管控平台中2019年7月—2023年5月在四川省成都平原经济区、川南经济区、川东北经济区、攀西经济区和川西北生态示范区五大经济区18个市(州)的88家二级以上医院接受胃镜检查的844844名≥40岁上消化道癌高危人群的机会性筛查结果数据,分析四川省上消化道癌的活检率、检出率和早诊率。

结果

2019—2023年,四川省844844名进行上消化道癌机会性筛查的高危人群中,活检182133人,共190852个部位,活检率为22.59%;病变检出数20647例,病变检出率为2.44%;检出病变者中早期病变5258例,早诊率为25.47%。食管、贲门和胃3个部位的活检率分别为3.80%、1.09%和17.71%;病变检出率分别为1.37%、0.29%和0.78%;早诊率分别为28.29%、20.44%和22.37%。不同特征人群比较,男性人群活检率和病变检出率高于女性人群,但早诊率则低于女性人群(均P<0.001)。活检率和病变检出率均随年龄增长呈上升趋势,而早诊率则随年龄增长呈下降趋势(均P<0.001);不同地区人群活检率、病变检出率和早诊率不同,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001);采用无痛胃镜检查人群活检率、病变检出率和早诊率均高于采用普通胃镜检查人群(均P<0.05);采用化学染色方法检查人群活检率、病变检出率和早诊率均高于未采用化学染色方法检查人群(均P<0.001);不同幽门螺杆菌(HP)检测结果人群活检率、病变检出率和早诊率不同,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。

结论

2019—2023年,四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查活检率、病变检出率和早诊率处于较低水平,均有待进一步提高,尤其应重点关注男性和老年群体。

, authors=钟志刚1, 包郁2, 赵锐2, 周也涵3, 李丽娜1, 刘潇霞1, 马婧1, 许佳豪1, 乔良1, *, *, authorsList=钟志刚, 包郁, 赵锐, 周也涵, 李丽娜, 刘潇霞, 马婧, 许佳豪, 乔良, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=乔良, authorNote=

钟志刚(1995—),助理研究员,硕士,研究方向:肿瘤预防与控制

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乔良,E-mail:
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钟志刚(1995—),助理研究员,硕士,研究方向:肿瘤预防与控制

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refType=null, unstructuredReference=李纪宾, 魏文强, 张立玮, 等. 2019年农村上消化道癌早诊早治项目内镜医师专业技术能力及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国肿瘤, 2021, 30(6): 445-451., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321170684181599214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170681748902891, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170684189987823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170681748902891, companyId=1321170684181599214, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Office of Sichuan Cancer Prevention and Control Center (Prevention Department), Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170684202570736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, 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AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321170684403897334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170681748902891, companyId=1321170684382925812, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3四川省肿瘤医院·研究所 四川省癌症防治中心 电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院 四川省肿瘤临床医学研究中心病理科,成都 610041)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1321170689168625713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170681748902891, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of biopsy rates in opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer among high-risk populations with different characteristics in Sichuan province, 2019–2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类筛查人数总体食管贲门胃
活检人数活检率/%活检人数活检率/%活检人数活检率/%活检人数活检率/%
性别男性39462910247425.97210005.3261351.557533919.09
女性4502158837819.63 a110752.46 a30340.67 a7426916.50 a
年龄/岁40~492136513612916.9130421.4212480.583183914.90
50~593224296778621.0285632.6624650.765675817.60
60~691851894853326.21101655.4926221.423574619.30
≥701235753840431.08 a103058.34 a28342.29 a2526520.45 a
地区成都平原经济区39104411712129.95166394.2647251.219575724.49
川南经济区766451290316.8318382.404400.571062513.86
川东北经济区3624525844516.12133053.6739181.084122211.37
攀西经济区9513157016.501241.30510.54139514.66
川西北生态示范区519081315.66 a1693.26 a350.67 a60911.73 a
采用胃镜种类检查普通胃镜2203833535516.0467493.0621130.962649312.02
无痛胃镜62446115549724.90 a253264.06 a70561.13 a12311519.72 a
采用化学染色方法检查否77719416800721.62243713.1482861.0713535017.42
是676502284533.77 a770411.39 a8831.31 a1425821.08 a
幽门螺杆菌检测结果未做检测68471215205022.21265493.8875451.1011795617.23
阴性结果1008142078020.6133893.369750.971641616.28
阳性结果593181802230.38 a21373.60 a6491.09 a1523625.69 a
), ArticleFig(id=1321170689265094706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170681748902891, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2019—2023年四川省不同特征上消化道癌高危人群机会性筛查活检情况比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类筛查人数总体食管贲门胃
活检人数活检率/%活检人数活检率/%活检人数活检率/%活检人数活检率/%
性别男性39462910247425.97210005.3261351.557533919.09
女性4502158837819.63 a110752.46 a30340.67 a7426916.50 a
年龄/岁40~492136513612916.9130421.4212480.583183914.90
50~593224296778621.0285632.6624650.765675817.60
60~691851894853326.21101655.4926221.423574619.30
≥701235753840431.08 a103058.34 a28342.29 a2526520.45 a
地区成都平原经济区39104411712129.95166394.2647251.219575724.49
川南经济区766451290316.8318382.404400.571062513.86
川东北经济区3624525844516.12133053.6739181.084122211.37
攀西经济区9513157016.501241.30510.54139514.66
川西北生态示范区519081315.66 a1693.26 a350.67 a60911.73 a
采用胃镜种类检查普通胃镜2203833535516.0467493.0621130.962649312.02
无痛胃镜62446115549724.90 a253264.06 a70561.13 a12311519.72 a
采用化学染色方法检查否77719416800721.62243713.1482861.0713535017.42
是676502284533.77 a770411.39 a8831.31 a1425821.08 a
幽门螺杆菌检测结果未做检测68471215205022.21265493.8875451.1011795617.23
阴性结果1008142078020.6133893.369750.971641616.28
阳性结果593181802230.38 a21373.60 a6491.09 a1523625.69 a
), ArticleFig(id=1321170689344786483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170681748902891, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of lesion detection rates in opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer among high-risk populations with different characteristics in Sichuan province, 2019–2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类筛查人数总体食管贲门胃
检出数检出率/%检出数检出率/%检出数检出率/%检出数检出率/%
性别男性394629156313.9688732.2519760.5047821.21
女性45021550161.11 b27300.61 b4800.11 b18060.40 b
年龄/岁40~492136517580.352400.11390.024790.22
50~5932242935611.101 7870.552890.0914850.46
60~6918518970823.8241182.228440.4621201.14
≥7012357592467.48 b54584.42 b12841.04 b25042.03 b
地区成都平原经济区391044101292.5952391.3411670.3037230.95
川南经济区7664513941.828331.09690.094920.64
川东北经济区36245287942.4354341.5012060.3321540.59
攀西经济区95131621.70180.1950.051391.46
川西北生态示范区51901683.24 b791.52 b90.17 b801.54 b
检查采用胃镜种类普通胃镜22038351862.3529351.337210.3315300.69
无痛胃镜624461154612.48 a86681.3917350.28 b50580.81 b
采用化学染色方法检查否777194184842.38102331.3222830.2959680.77
是6765021633.20 b13702.03 b1730.266200.92 b
幽门螺杆菌检测结果未做检测684712171872.5197681.4320060.2954130.79
阴性结果10081420712.051 1711.162790.286210.62
阳性结果5931813892.34 b6641.12 b1710.295540.93 b
), ArticleFig(id=1321170689441255476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170681748902891, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2019—2023年四川省不同特征上消化道癌高危人群机会性筛查病变检出情况比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类筛查人数总体食管贲门胃
检出数检出率/%检出数检出率/%检出数检出率/%检出数检出率/%
性别男性394629156313.9688732.2519760.5047821.21
女性45021550161.11 b27300.61 b4800.11 b18060.40 b
年龄/岁40~492136517580.352400.11390.024790.22
50~5932242935611.101 7870.552890.0914850.46
60~6918518970823.8241182.228440.4621201.14
≥7012357592467.48 b54584.42 b12841.04 b25042.03 b
地区成都平原经济区391044101292.5952391.3411670.3037230.95
川南经济区7664513941.828331.09690.094920.64
川东北经济区36245287942.4354341.5012060.3321540.59
攀西经济区95131621.70180.1950.051391.46
川西北生态示范区51901683.24 b791.52 b90.17 b801.54 b
检查采用胃镜种类普通胃镜22038351862.3529351.337210.3315300.69
无痛胃镜624461154612.48 a86681.3917350.28 b50580.81 b
采用化学染色方法检查否777194184842.38102331.3222830.2959680.77
是6765021633.20 b13702.03 b1730.266200.92 b
幽门螺杆菌检测结果未做检测684712171872.5197681.4320060.2954130.79
阴性结果10081420712.051 1711.162790.286210.62
阳性结果5931813892.34 b6641.12 b1710.295540.93 b
), ArticleFig(id=1321170689533530165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1319373219989389464, articleId=1321170681748902891, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Comparison of early diagnosis rates in opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer among lesion-detected populations with different characteristics in Sichuan province, 2019–2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类总体食管贲门胃
病变
检出数
早期
病例数
早诊率/%病变
检出数
早期
病例数
早诊率/%病变
检出数
早期
病例数
早诊率/%病变
检出数
早期
病例数
早诊率/%
性别男性15631382724.488873232326.18197640220.344782110223.04
女性5016143128.53 c273095935.13 c48010020.83180637220.60 a
年龄/岁40~4975819425.592408133.75391025.6447910321.50
50~59356198627.69178753930.162896723.18148538025.59
60~697082190026.834118123730.0484417420.62212048923.07
≥709246217823.56 c5458142526.11 c128425119.552 50450220.05 b
地区成都平原经济区101292 63125.975239146728.00116723520.14372392924.95
川南经济区139424217.3683315218.25691014.494928016.26
川东北经济区8794234126.625434164230.22120625521.14215444420.61
攀西经济区162127.4118316.675120.0013985.76
川西北生态示范区1683219.05 c791822.78 c9111.11d801316.25 c
检查采用胃镜种类普通胃镜5186123623.83293575925.8672112717.61153035022.88
无痛胃镜15461402226.01 a86682 52329.11 b1 73537521.61 a50581 12422.22
采用化学染色方法检查否18484424422.9610233247124.15228345319.845968132022.12
是2163101446.88 c137081159.20 c1734928.32 b62015424.84
幽门螺杆菌检测结果未做检测17187429725.009768272227.87200640019.945413117521.71
阴性结果207157127.57117136931.512795519.7162114723.67
阳性结果138939028.08 a66419128.77 a1714727.4955415227.44 b
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2019—2023年四川省不同特征上消化道癌机会性筛查病变检出人群早期病例诊断情况比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征分类总体食管贲门胃
病变
检出数
早期
病例数
早诊率/%病变
检出数
早期
病例数
早诊率/%病变
检出数
早期
病例数
早诊率/%病变
检出数
早期
病例数
早诊率/%
性别男性15631382724.488873232326.18197640220.344782110223.04
女性5016143128.53 c273095935.13 c48010020.83180637220.60 a
年龄/岁40~4975819425.592408133.75391025.6447910321.50
50~59356198627.69178753930.162896723.18148538025.59
60~697082190026.834118123730.0484417420.62212048923.07
≥709246217823.56 c5458142526.11 c128425119.552 50450220.05 b
地区成都平原经济区101292 63125.975239146728.00116723520.14372392924.95
川南经济区139424217.3683315218.25691014.494928016.26
川东北经济区8794234126.625434164230.22120625521.14215444420.61
攀西经济区162127.4118316.675120.0013985.76
川西北生态示范区1683219.05 c791822.78 c9111.11d801316.25 c
检查采用胃镜种类普通胃镜5186123623.83293575925.8672112717.61153035022.88
无痛胃镜15461402226.01 a86682 52329.11 b1 73537521.61 a50581 12422.22
采用化学染色方法检查否18484424422.9610233247124.15228345319.845968132022.12
是2163101446.88 c137081159.20 c1734928.32 b62015424.84
幽门螺杆菌检测结果未做检测17187429725.009768272227.87200640019.945413117521.71
阴性结果207157127.57117136931.512795519.7162114723.67
阳性结果138939028.08 a66419128.77 a1714727.4955415227.44 b
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2019—2023年四川省≥40岁居民上消化道癌机会性筛查结果分析
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钟志刚 1 , 包郁 2 , 赵锐 2 , 周也涵 3 , 李丽娜 1 , 刘潇霞 1 , 马婧 1 , 许佳豪 1 , 乔良 1, *, *
中国公共卫生 | 调查报告与分析 2025,41(12): 1511-1516
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中国公共卫生 |调查报告与分析 2025 , 41 (12) : 1511 -1516
2019—2023年四川省≥40岁居民上消化道癌机会性筛查结果分析
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钟志刚1, 包郁2, 赵锐2, 周也涵3, 李丽娜1, 刘潇霞1, 马婧1, 许佳豪1, 乔良1, *, *
作者信息
  • 1四川省肿瘤医院·研究所 四川省癌症防治中心 电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院 四川省肿瘤临床医学研究中心 四川省癌症防治中心办公室(预防部),成都 610041
  • 2四川省肿瘤医院·研究所 四川省癌症防治中心 电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院 四川省肿瘤临床医学研究中心内镜科,成都 610041
  • 3四川省肿瘤医院·研究所 四川省癌症防治中心 电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院 四川省肿瘤临床医学研究中心病理科,成都 610041
通讯作者:
乔良,E-mail:
作者简介:

钟志刚(1995—),助理研究员,硕士,研究方向:肿瘤预防与控制

Opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer among residents aged ≥40 years in Sichuan Province, 2019–2023
Zhigang ZHONG1, Yu BAO2, Rui ZHAO2, Yehan ZHOU3, Lina LI1, Xiaoxia LIU1, Jing MA1, Jiahao XU1, Liang QIAO1
Affiliations
  • 1Office of Sichuan Cancer Prevention and Control Center (Prevention Department), Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
  • 2Department of Endoscopy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
  • 3Department of Pathology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Corresponding Author:
    QIAO Liang, E-mail:
出版时间: 2025-12-10 doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146618
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目的

分析2019—2023年四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查结果,为推广该地区上消化道癌机会性筛查工作提供参考依据。

方法

收集四川省癌症防治中心早诊早治管控平台中2019年7月—2023年5月在四川省成都平原经济区、川南经济区、川东北经济区、攀西经济区和川西北生态示范区五大经济区18个市(州)的88家二级以上医院接受胃镜检查的844844名≥40岁上消化道癌高危人群的机会性筛查结果数据,分析四川省上消化道癌的活检率、检出率和早诊率。

结果

2019—2023年,四川省844844名进行上消化道癌机会性筛查的高危人群中,活检182133人,共190852个部位,活检率为22.59%;病变检出数20647例,病变检出率为2.44%;检出病变者中早期病变5258例,早诊率为25.47%。食管、贲门和胃3个部位的活检率分别为3.80%、1.09%和17.71%;病变检出率分别为1.37%、0.29%和0.78%;早诊率分别为28.29%、20.44%和22.37%。不同特征人群比较,男性人群活检率和病变检出率高于女性人群,但早诊率则低于女性人群(均P<0.001)。活检率和病变检出率均随年龄增长呈上升趋势,而早诊率则随年龄增长呈下降趋势(均P<0.001);不同地区人群活检率、病变检出率和早诊率不同,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001);采用无痛胃镜检查人群活检率、病变检出率和早诊率均高于采用普通胃镜检查人群(均P<0.05);采用化学染色方法检查人群活检率、病变检出率和早诊率均高于未采用化学染色方法检查人群(均P<0.001);不同幽门螺杆菌(HP)检测结果人群活检率、病变检出率和早诊率不同,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。

结论

2019—2023年,四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查活检率、病变检出率和早诊率处于较低水平,均有待进一步提高,尤其应重点关注男性和老年群体。

上消化道癌  /  机会性筛查  /  活检率  /  病变检出率  /  早诊率  /  四川省
Objective

To analyze the opportunistic screening results for upper gastrointestinal cancer in Sichuan province from 2019 to 2023, thus providing a reference for promoting opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer in this region.

Methods

Data were collected from the Early Diagnosis and Treatment Management Platform of the Sichuan Cancer Prevention and Control Center. The study included 844 844 high-risk individuals aged ≥ 40 years who underwent gastroscopy at 88 secondary or higher-level hospitals across 18 cities (prefectures) in five major economic regions (Chengdu Plain Economic Zone, Southern Sichuan Economic Zone, Northeastern Sichuan Economic Zone, Panxi Economic Zone, and Northwestern Sichuan Ecological Demonstration Area) of Sichuan province from July 2019 to May 2023. The biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer in Sichuan province were analyzed.

Results

Among the 844 844 high-risk individuals who underwent opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer from 2019 to 2023, 182 133 individuals underwent biopsies, with a total of 190 852 biopsy sites, yielding a biopsy rate of 22.59%. A total of 20 647 cases of lesions were detected, with a lesion detection rate of 2.44%. Among the detected cases, 5 258 were early-stage lesions, resulting in an early diagnosis rate of 25.47%. The esophagus, cardia, and stomach showed the bioscopy rates of 3.80%, 1.09%, and 17.71%, lesion detection rates of 1.37%, 0.29%, and 0.78%, and early diagnosis rates of 28.29%, 20.44%, and 22.37%, respectively. Comparative analysis by demographic characteristics revealed that males had higher biopsy rate and lesion detection rate but lower early diagnosis rate than females (all P < 0.001). Both the biopsy rate and lesion detection rate increased with age, while the early diagnosis rate decreased with age (all P < 0.001). Differences were observed in biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate across different regions (all P < 0.001). Individuals who underwent painless gastroscopy had higher biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate than those who underwent conventional gastroscopy (all P < 0.05). The examination with the use of chemical staining methods resulted in higher biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate than the examination without the use of chemical staining (all P < 0.001). In addition, differences were also observed in biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate among individuals with different Helicobacter pylori test results (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The biopsy rate, lesion detection rate, and early diagnosis rate in opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer in Sichuan province were low from 2019 to 2023. Efforts are still required, with particular attention needed for male and elderly populations.

upper gastrointestinal cancer  /  opportunistic screening  /  bioscopy rate  /  lesion detection rate  /  early diagnosis rate  /  Sichuan province
钟志刚, 包郁, 赵锐, 周也涵, 李丽娜, 刘潇霞, 马婧, 许佳豪, 乔良. 2019—2023年四川省≥40岁居民上消化道癌机会性筛查结果分析. 中国公共卫生, 2025 , 41 (12) : 1511 -1516 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146618
Zhigang ZHONG, Yu BAO, Rui ZHAO, Yehan ZHOU, Lina LI, Xiaoxia LIU, Jing MA, Jiahao XU, Liang QIAO. Opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer among residents aged ≥40 years in Sichuan Province, 2019–2023[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2025 , 41 (12) : 1511 -1516 . DOI: 10.11847/zgggws1146618
上消化道癌(包括食管癌、贲门癌和胃癌)作为一种常见且危害严重的疾病,对个体健康和公共卫生造成重大挑战。据国家癌症中心研究估计,2022年中国上消化道癌新发病例为58.27万例(食管癌22.40万例、胃癌35.87万例),占全部癌症新发病例数的12.08%;死亡病例共44.79万例(食管癌18.75万例、胃癌26.04万例),占全部恶性肿瘤死亡例数的17.40%[1]。2019年四川省肿瘤登记数据显示,食管癌和胃癌的发病率分别居癌症发病顺位的第5位和第6位,死亡率分别居癌症死亡顺位的第3位和第4位,表明四川省上消化道癌的疾病负担沉重[2]。研究表明,我国从2005年起以中央财政转移支付的方式在农村高发地区开展以人群为基础的上消化道癌筛查和早诊早治工作,取得了较好的效果[3-4]。但由于资金、人力等有限,人群筛查覆盖面较低。机会性筛查是将日常的医疗服务与目标疾病患者的筛查有效结合,并在患者就医或体检过程中进行目标疾病筛查的一种疾病筛查方式,是扩大上消化道癌筛查覆盖面的重要途径。为分析2019—2023年四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查结果,为推广该地区上消化道癌机会性筛查工作提供参考依据,本研究收集四川省癌症防治中心早诊早治管控平台中2019年7月—2023年5月在四川省成都平原经济区、川南经济区、川东北经济区、攀西经济区和川西北生态示范区五大经济区18个市(州)的88家二级以上医院接受胃镜检查的844 844名≥40岁上消化道癌高危人群的机会性筛查结果数据。分析四川省上消化道癌的活检率、检出率和早诊率。结果报告如下。
收集四川省癌症防治中心早诊早治管控平台中2019年7月—2023年5月在四川省成都平原经济区(德阳市、绵阳市、遂宁市、雅安市、眉山市、资阳市),川南经济区(泸州市、内江市、宜宾市),川东北经济区(南充市、广元市、巴中市、达州市、广安市),攀西经济区(攀枝花市、凉山州)和川西北生态示范区(阿坝州、甘孜州)五大经济区18个市(州)的88家二级以上医院接受胃镜检查的844 844名≥40岁上消化道癌高危人群的机会性筛查结果数据。内容包括性别、年龄、地区、检查部位、检查采用胃镜种类、检查是否采用化学染色方法和幽门螺杆菌检测结果等。本研究参与机会性筛查的上消化道癌高危人群均参照《上消化道癌筛查及早诊早治技术方案(2020年试行版)》[5]进行筛选。符合以下任一条件:(1)上消化道癌高发地区人群(上消化道癌发病率≥50/10万);(2)幽门螺杆菌感染者;(3)有上消化道症状,如恶心、呕吐、进食不适、腹痛、腹胀、反酸和烧心等;(4)患有上消化道癌前疾病(如食管低级别上皮内瘤变、Barrett′s食管,贲门肠上皮化生、低级别上皮内瘤变,胃重度慢性萎缩性胃炎、重度肠上皮化生和低级别上皮内瘤变、慢性胃溃疡、胃息肉、胃黏膜巨大皱褶征、良性疾病术后残胃10年、胃癌术后残胃≥6个月等);(5)有明确的上消化道癌家族史者;(6)具有上消化道癌高危因素如吸烟、重度饮酒、头颈部或呼吸道鳞癌和恶性贫血者等。筛查流程主要包括:(1)上消化道癌高危人群评估与识别;(2)签署知情同意书;(3)内镜检查;(4)活检病理检查;(5)临床治疗与随访。内镜检查时,如果在食管黏膜、贲门区黏膜和胃黏膜发现任何阳性或可疑病灶,应由内镜医师在相应区域分别咬取活检。 所有活检标本经标准化处理后送病理科,最终诊断以病理科组织病理学报告为金标准。本研究经四川省肿瘤医院医学伦理委员会审查批准(批号:SCCHEC-02-2020-055)。所有筛查对象在接受内镜检查前均签署知情同意书。
应用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行一般描述性分析;χ2检验、趋势χ2检验和Fisher确切概率法检验。参考相关文献[5-6],本研究涉及相关指标定义如下:(1)检出病变数=食管高级别上皮内瘤变数+食管癌数+贲门高级别上皮内瘤变数+贲门癌数+胃高级别上皮内瘤变数+胃癌数;(2)早期病变数=食管高级别上皮内瘤变数+早期食管癌数+贲门高级别上皮内瘤变数+早期贲门癌数+胃高级别上皮内瘤变数+早期胃癌数;(3)活检率=(食管活检数+贲门活检数+胃活检数)/实际筛查人数×100%;(4)病变检出率=检出病变数/实际筛查人数×100%;(5)早诊率=早期病变数/食管、贲门和胃高级别上皮内瘤变及癌病变数×100%。检验水准为双侧检验α=0.05。
2019—2023年四川省844844名进行上消化道癌机会性筛查的高危人群中,男性394629人(46.71%),女性450215人(53.29 %);年龄40~49岁213651人(25.29%),50~59岁322429人(38.16 %), 60~69岁185189人(21.92%),≥70岁123575人(14.63%);成都平原经济区391044人(46.29%),川南经济区76645人(9.07%), 川东北经济区362452人(42.90%),攀西经济区9513人(1.13%),川西北生态示范区5190人(0.61%);采用普通胃镜检查者220383人(26.09%),采用无痛胃镜检查者624461人(73.91%);未采用化学染色方法检查者777194人(91.99%),采用化学染色方法检查者67650人(8.01%);未进行幽门螺杆菌检测684712人(81.05%),幽门螺杆菌检测结果阴性100814人(11.93%),幽门螺杆菌检测结果阳性59318人(7.02%)。
2019—2023年四川省844 844名进行上消化道癌机会性筛查的高危人群中,活检182133人,共190852个部位,活检率为22.59%(190852/844844);其中食管、贲门和胃3个部位的活检率分别为3.80%(32075/844844)、1.09%(9169/844844)和17.71%(149608/844844)。不同特征上消化道癌机会性筛查高危人群比较,不同性别、年龄、地区、检查采用胃镜种类、是否采用化学染色方法检查和幽门螺杆菌检测结果高危人群总体活检率及食管、贲门、胃3个部位活检率不同,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。
2019—2023年四川省844844名进行上消化道癌机会性筛查的高危人群中,病变检出数为20647例,病变检出率为2.44%;其中食管、贲门和胃3个部位的病变检出率分别为1.37%(11603/844844)、0.29%(2456/844844)和0.78%(6588/844844)。不同特征上消化道癌机会性筛查高危人群比较,不同性别、年龄和地区高危人群总体检出率及食管、贲门、胃3个部位检出率不同。不同检查采用胃镜种类高危人群总体检出率及贲门、胃2个部位检出率不同;是否采用化学染色方法检查和不同幽门螺杆菌检测结果人群总体检出率及食管、胃2个部位检出率不同。差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。
2019—2023年四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查检出的20647例病变人群中,早期病例数为5258例,早诊率为25.47%;其中食管、贲门和胃3个部位病变的早诊率分别为28.29%(3282/11603)、20.44%(502/2456)和22.37%(1474/6588)。不同特征上消化道癌机会性筛查病变检出人群比较,不同性别、年龄和幽门螺杆菌检测结果病变检出人群总体早诊率及食管、胃2个部位早诊率不同;不同地区病变检出人群总体早诊率及食管、贲门、胃3个部位早诊率不同;不同检查采用胃镜种类和检查是否采用化学染色方法病变检出人群总体早诊率及食管、贲门2个部位病变检出率不同。差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。
四川省上消化道癌疾病负担较重[2]。开展上消化道癌机会性筛查有助于快速扩大筛查覆盖面,提高该地区的上消化道癌早诊率,从而降低疾病负担。研究表明,上消化道癌人群筛查能降低上消化道癌的发病率和死亡率[7-8],但关于机会性筛查效果的相关研究却较少。本研究对2019—2023年四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查结果进行分析,以期为推动上消化道癌机会性筛查工作,优化筛查策略提供数据支持。
上消化道早癌的诊断依赖于胃镜检查和病理活组织检查,“内镜检查+指示性活检”是上消化道癌筛查的“金标准”[9]。有研究表明,病理活检为胃镜下癌前病变及恶性肿瘤检出率的独立影响因素,增加病理活检能明显提高胃镜下癌前病变和恶性肿瘤的检出率[10]。本研究结果显示,2019—2023年四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查的活检率为22.59%,略低于辽宁省的23.54%[11],远低于广西壮族自治区的62.30%[12]和浙江省的94.56%[13],提示四川省上消化道癌的活检率尚有待进一步提高。检出率和早诊率是衡量癌症筛查效果的重要指标[13-14]。本研究中上消化道癌机会性筛查病变检出率为2.44%,高于四川省上消化道癌人群筛查检出率的1.10%[15]。这主要是因为机会性筛查对象一般多为有一定临床症状的患者,而人群筛查的对象为一般人群。因此,机会性筛查的检出率更高;与其他省份相比,四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查检出率高于浙江省的1.48%[13],但低于辽宁省的3.21%[11]。从早诊率来看,四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查的早诊率为25.47%,远低于四川省人群筛查早诊率的80.39%[15],但低于广西壮族自治区机会性筛查的早诊率(食管为29.37%、贲门为21.05%、胃为31.43%)[12]以及辽宁省机会性筛查早诊率的26.85%[11]和浙江省机会性筛查早诊率的29.67%[13]。提示四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查的早诊率有待提高。
从性别来看,男性人群上消化道癌机会性筛查的活检率和检出率均高于女性人群,但女性人群的早诊率高于男性人群,与相关研究结果一致[13,16-17]。这可能与不同性别人群的生活方式和饮食习惯等存在差异有关,如男性吸烟、饮酒、饮食不规律等;还可能与四川省男性人群食管癌和胃癌发病率均高于女性人群的现状有关[18-19],发病率越高检出率也就越高。女性人群的早诊率更高,这可能与健康意识有关。有研究表明,女性癌症防治素养水平更高[20],更加关注自身健康。因此,更有利于早期癌症病例的发现。本研究还发现,不同年龄组人群上消化道癌机会性筛查活检率、检出率和早诊率亦有所不同,随着年龄的增长,活检率和检出率随之增高,而早诊率却随之下降,与相关研究[13-14,16-17]结果一致。这可能与上消化道癌总体发病率随年龄增长而上升有关,同时亦反映高龄群体对上消化道癌筛查和早诊早治的意识较差。不同地区中,成都平原地区和川东北经济区的活检率、检出率和早诊率均较高,攀西经济区较低,除了各地上消化道癌的发病率水平存在差异外,可能还与当地上消化道癌的筛查和早诊早治的卫生资源相关,如筛查设备陈旧、筛查人员早诊意识不足、筛查技术水平较差、不愿意取活检、漏诊率高等,从而影响筛查效果[21-22]。
本研究结果显示,采用无痛胃镜检查人群上消化道癌机会性筛查的活检率较高,在食管癌和贲门癌的早诊率亦较高。这可能是因为无痛胃镜可以减轻患者在胃镜检查过程中的应激反应和疼痛、腹胀等痛苦,使患者在镇静、舒适和无痛苦的状态下完成胃镜检查,提高患者的筛查依从性,也为内镜医师提供了良好的诊疗条件[10]。本研究结果还显示,检查时采用化学染色方法在上消化道癌机会性筛查的活检率,食管癌和胃癌的检出率以及食管癌和贲门癌的早诊率方面存在显著差异;采用碘液染色、靛胭脂等化学染色人群均高于未采用化学染色人群。这可能是因为通过化学染色可以使正常组织与病变部位形成鲜明对比度,使病灶的范围、形态更加清晰,所以能提高病变的检出率,更多地发现早癌[11]。此外,幽门螺杆菌检测结果阳性组人群胃癌的活检率、检出率和早诊率均较高,这可能与幽门螺杆菌感染为胃癌发生的独立危险因素有关[16]。
综上所述,本研究对四川省2019年7月—2023年5月高危人群上消化道癌机会性筛查的结果进行分析,重点为活检率、检出率和早诊率等核心指标,初步评价四川省上消化道癌机会性筛查的效果。上消化道癌机会性筛查项目对于降低上消化道癌疾病负担具有重要意义。建议重点关注男性和老年群体,加大上消化道癌筛查和早诊早治的科普宣传,提高筛查意识。本研究数据源自四川省癌症防治中心早诊早治管控平台,覆盖四川省18个市(州)的88家二级以上医疗机构,筛查样本量大,数据可靠且代表性较好。但本研究仍存在一定的局限:一是缺乏随访结果,无法统计筛查对于上消化道癌死亡率的下降情况,仅能通过检出率和早诊率等中间指标进行评价;二是由于数据局限,纳入分析的指标有限,如上消化道相关疾病史、吸烟和饮酒等上消化道癌危险因素暂未纳入分析。上述问题需要在未来的研究中进一步深化和完善。

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2025年第41卷第12期
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doi: 10.11847/zgggws1146618
  • 接收时间:2024-12-09
  • 首发时间:2026-10-25
  • 出版时间:2025-12-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09
  • 修回日期:2025-02-13
  • 录用日期:2025-08-11
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    1四川省肿瘤医院·研究所 四川省癌症防治中心 电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院 四川省肿瘤临床医学研究中心 四川省癌症防治中心办公室(预防部),成都 610041
    2四川省肿瘤医院·研究所 四川省癌症防治中心 电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院 四川省肿瘤临床医学研究中心内镜科,成都 610041
    3四川省肿瘤医院·研究所 四川省癌症防治中心 电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院 四川省肿瘤临床医学研究中心病理科,成都 610041

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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属数
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species
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total species (%)
属
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species
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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