中草药

青黛化学成分、药理作用、临床应用及不良反应研究进展

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杨立国 ¹,² , 萨如拉 ¹,² , 包文龙 ¹,²

中草药 | 综述 2026,57(16): 6601-6615

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中草药 |综述 2026 , 57 (16) : 6601 -6615

青黛化学成分、药理作用、临床应用及不良反应研究进展

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杨立国¹,², 萨如拉¹,², 包文龙¹,²

作者信息

^1.内蒙古民族大学蒙医药学院, 内蒙古通辽 028000

^2.蒙药研发国家地方联合工程研究中心, 内蒙古通辽 028000

作者简介:

杨立国: 杨立国,博士,副教授,从事蒙药化学成分研究。E-mail:yangliguo5366@163.com

Research progress on chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, clinical applications and adverse reactions of Indigo Naturalis

Affiliations

出版时间: 2026-08-28 doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.16.031

文章导航

摘要

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青黛为爵床科植物马蓝Baphicacanthus cusia、蓼科植物蓼蓝Polygonum tinctorium或十字花科植物菘蓝Isatis indigotica的叶或茎叶经加工制得的干燥粉末、团块或颗粒，含有碳酸钙、二氧化硅等无机成分和生物碱、有机酸、二萜、三萜、甾体等有机成分，具有抗病毒、抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、免疫调节等作用，临床用于溃疡性结肠炎、银屑病、急性早幼粒细胞白血病、特应性皮炎等症，长期大量服用可致肝损伤、肺动脉高压、急性结肠炎、肠套叠、肾损伤等不良反应。综述了青黛化学成分、药理作用、临床应用、不良反应等方面研究进展，为青黛的深入研究开发提供参考。

关键词

青黛 / 抗病毒 / 抗炎 / 抗菌 / 抗氧化 / 抗肿瘤 / 免疫调节

Abstract

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Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) is a dried powder, lump, or granule prepared from the leaves or stems and leaves of Baphicacanthus cusia, Polygonum tinctorium or Isatis indigotica. Indigo Naturalis contains inorganic components such as calcium carbonate and silicon dioxide, as well as organic components such as alkaloids, organic acids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, steroids, etc. Indigo Naturalis has anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects. Indigo Naturalis is clinically used for ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, acute promyelocytic leukemia, atopic dermatitis, etc. Long-term and excessive consumption of Indigo Naturalis can cause toxic side effects such as liver damage, pulmonary arterial hypertension, acute colitis, intussusception, and kidney damage. This article reviews the research progress in the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, clinical applications, and toxic side effects of Indigo Naturalis, providing a reference for the in-depth research and development of Indigo Naturalis.

Key words

Indigo Naturalis / anti-viral / anti-inflammatory / antibacterial / antioxidant / antitumor / immunomodulation

引用本文

杨立国, 萨如拉, 包文龙. 青黛化学成分、药理作用、临床应用及不良反应研究进展. 中草药, 2026 , 57 (16) : 6601 -6615 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.16.031

YANG Liguo, SA Rula, BAO Wenlong. Research progress on chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, clinical applications and adverse reactions of Indigo Naturalis[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2026 , 57 (16) : 6601 -6615 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.16.031

基金

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国家自然科学基金资助项目
研究生培养费项目

参考文献

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2026年第57卷第16期

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.16.031

接收时间：2026-03-27
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2026-08-28

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收稿日期：2026-03-27

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^1.内蒙古民族大学蒙医药学院, 内蒙古通辽 028000

^2.蒙药研发国家地方联合工程研究中心, 内蒙古通辽 028000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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