Article(id=1304414705154548186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, issueId=1304414700964443026, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.04.004, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=0, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1764691200000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1788926300561, onlineDateStr=2026-09-09, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1788926300561, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1788926300561, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1788926300561, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1304414700964443026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, year='2026', volume='57', issue='4', pageStart='1209', pageEnd='1596', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1772208000000', pubDateStr='2026-02-28', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1788926299563, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1788926573099, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1304415848316297970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, issueId=1304414700964443026, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1304415848316297971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, issueId=1304414700964443026, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1234, endPage=1241, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1304414705607533020, articleId=1304414705154548186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, language=EN, title=Alkaloids from fruit of Lycium chinense and their hepatoprotective activity, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=Objective To study the alkaloids from the fruit of Lycium chinense and their hepatoprotective activity. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, D101 macroporous resin column chromatography, ODS column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The acetaminophen (APAP)-induced injury of human liver cancer HepG2 cells model was used to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of these compounds. Results Sixteen alkaloids were isolated from the ethanol extract of fruit of L. chinense . Their structures were identified as lyciumamide P (1 ), lyciumamide Q (2 ), lyciumamide R (3 ), N -cis -grossamide (4 ), cannabisin E (5 ), cannabisin F (6 ), cannabisin G (7 ), cannabisin H (8 ), heliotropamide (9 ), N -malonyl-tryptophan (10 ), N -acetyltryptophan methyl ester (11 ), equisetinine A (12 ), nicotinamide (13 ), methyl-5-hydroxy-2-pyridinecarboxylate (14 ), thymidine (15 ), N 1 ,N 10 -di-dihydrocaffeoylspermidine (16 ). Conclusion Compounds 1 —16 were isolated from L. chinense for the first time. Compounds 12 , 13 , 15 and 16 were isolated from Lycium for the first time. Compounds 5 —7 and 10 —16 showed significant hepatoprotective activity against APAP-induced injury of human liver cancer HepG2 cells at 10 μmol/L., authors=MA Yuguo, NIU Ying, FAN Yuxin, ZHANG Puyang, ZHANG Mengyao, LIU Hui, SUN Yanjun, FENG Weisheng, GONG Jianhong, CHEN Hui, authorsList=MA Yuguo, NIU Ying, FAN Yuxin, ZHANG Puyang, ZHANG Mengyao, LIU Hui, SUN Yanjun, FENG Weisheng, GONG Jianhong, CHEN Hui, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1304414705519452635, articleId=1304414705154548186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, language=CN, title=中华枸杞生物碱类成分及其保肝活性研究, columnId=1304140187169214944, journalTitle=中草药, columnName=化学成分, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=目的 研究中华枸杞Lycium chinense 生物碱类化学成分及其保肝活性。方法 采用硅胶、D101大孔吸附树脂、ODS等柱色谱和半制备液相色谱等色谱技术对其化学成分进行分离纯化,进一步通过¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR、质谱等波谱学手段进行结构鉴定。利用对乙酰氨基酚(APAP)诱导的人肝癌HepG2细胞损伤模型,对单体化合物进行保肝活性评价。结果 从中华枸杞95%乙醇提取物中分离得到16个生物碱类化合物,分别鉴定为lyciumamide P(1 )、lyciumamide Q(2 )、lyciumamide R(3 )、N -cis- grossamide(4 )、大麻酰胺E(5 )、大麻酰胺F(6 )、大麻酰胺G(7 )、大麻酰胺H(8 )、heliotropamide(9 )、N -malonyl-tryptophan(10 )、N -acetyltryptophan methyl ester(11 )、equisetinine A(12 )、烟酰胺(13 )、5-羟基吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯(14 )、胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷(15 )、N ¹,N ¹⁰-di-dihydrocaffeoylspermidine(16 )。结论 化合物1 ~16 均为首次从中华枸杞中分离得到。化合物12 、13 、15 、16 为首次从枸杞属植物中分离得到。化合物5 ~7 、10 ~16 在10μmol/L时对APAP诱导的人肝癌HepG2细胞损伤具有显著的保护作用。, authors=马雨果1 , 牛莹1 , 范雨欣1 , 张濮阳1 , 张梦瑶1 , 刘慧1 , 孙彦君1,2 , 冯卫生1,2 , 弓建红1 , 陈辉1,2 , authorsList=马雨果, 牛莹, 范雨欣, 张濮阳, 张梦瑶, 刘慧, 孙彦君, 冯卫生, 弓建红, 陈辉, authorCompany=1 河南中医药大学药学院, 河南郑州 450046; 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provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/CN/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.04.004, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/EN/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.04.004, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/CN/PDF/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.04.004, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/EN/PDF/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.04.004, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=0, orderTime=1788926300561, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=王益民, 张宝琳. 我国枸杞属物种资源及发展对策[J]. 世界林业研究, 2021, 34(3): 107-111. Xie W, Chen H G, Chen R H, et al . Intervention effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on lead-induced kidney injury mice and its mechanism: A study based on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway [J]. J Ethnopharmacol , 2024, 319(Pt 2): 117197. 刘建飞, 巩媛, 杨军丽, 等. 枸杞属植物中生物碱类成分研究进展[J]. 科学通报, 2022, 67(4): 332-350. 李应萍, 刘菲, 张渌淘, 等. 黑果枸杞多酚类化合物研究进展[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2024, 45(13): 214-224. 纪梦衫, 魏文君, 张凯笑, 等. 枸杞中类胡萝卜素类成分的研究进展[J]. 华西药学杂志, 2024, 39(1): 99-102. Qian D, Zhao Y X, Yang G, et al . Systematic review of chemical constituents in the genus Lycium (Solanaceae) [J]. Molecules , 2017, 22(6): 911. Cai H Z, Liu F K, Zuo P G, et al . Practical application of antidiabetic efficacy of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in patients with type 2 diabetes [J]. Med Chem , 2015, 11(4): 383-390. Liu T, Zhang Y, Wu Z, et al . Novel glucomannan-like polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L. ameliorates renal fibrosis via blocking macrophage-to-myofibroblasts transition [J]. Int J Biol Macromol , 2024, 278(Pt 2): 134491. Liu H, Fan Y X, Xu R W, et al . A new pyrrolopyrazine alkaloid from the fruit of Lycium chinense [J]. J Asian Nat Prod Res , 2025, 27(10): 1550-1555. Chen H, Zhang W J, Kong J B, et al . Structurally diverse phenolic amides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum with potent α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitory, and PPAR-γ agonistic activities [J]. J Agric Food Chem , 2023, 71(29): 11080-11093. Zhu Y J, Dai X Y, Zhao Y L, et al . Lyciumines a and B: Two pyrrole-fused alkaloids from the fruits of Lycium barbarum [J]. J Nat Prod , 2025, 88(5): 1237-1243. Chen H, Kong J B, Zhang L, et al . Lycibarbarines A-C, three tetrahydroquinoline alkaloids possessing a spiro-heterocycle moiety from the fruits of Lycium barbarum [J]. Org Lett , 2021, 23(3): 858-862. 代向阳, 朱研洁, 张晓祎, 等. 枸杞子中生物碱类化学成分的研究[J]. 华西药学杂志, 2025, 40(6): 613-619. Chin Y W, Lim S W, Kim S H, et al . Hepatoprotective pyrrole derivatives of Lycium chinense fruits [J]. Bioorg Med Chem Lett , 2003, 13(1): 79-81. King R R, Calhoun L A. Characterization of cross-linked hydroxycinnamic acid amides isolated from potato common scab lesions [J]. Phytochemistry , 2005, 66(20): 2468-2473. 杨炳友, 刘艳, 王欣, 等. 洋金花种子的化学成分研究(Ⅰ) [J]. 中草药, 2013, 44(14): 1877-1880. 佘亮, 刘艺, 潘俊, 等. 齿叶蓼的化学成分研究[J]. 中药材, 2021, 44(9): 2110-2113. 陈辉, 曹兵, 朱莹, 等. 地骨皮化学成分研究[J]. 中草药, 2019, 50(6): 1299-1304. 陈芳, 郑新恒, 王瑞, 等. 枸杞根化学成分研究[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(5): 1007-1012. Guntern A, Ioset J R, Queiroz E F, et al . Heliotropamide, a novel oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide from Heliotropium ovalifolium [J]. J Nat Prod , 2003, 66(12): 1550-1553. Elliott M C. α-N -malonyl-D -tryptophan in seedling wheat roots [J]. New Phytol , 1971, 70(6): 1005-1015. King R R, Calhoun L A. Synthesis and NMR characteristics of N- acetyl-4-nitro, N -acetyl-5-nitro, N -acetyl-6-nitro and N -acetyl-7-nitrotryptophan methyl esters [J]. Magn Reson Chem , 2009, 47(3): 273-276. Zhu D H, Zhang J K, Jia J F, et al . Alkaloids from the stem of Ephedra equisetina [J]. J Asian Nat Prod Res , 2023, 25(3): 238-244. 晁凌会, 彭治添, 任易, 等. 紫堇的化学成分研究[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(7): 1508-1512. 崔泽旭, 徐嵬, 杨秀伟, 等. 细叶十大功劳茎水提取物脂溶性部位的化学成分研究[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(1): 80-89. 高聪, 付红伟, 裴月湖, 等. 落花生枝叶化学成分的分离与鉴定[J]. 中国药学杂志, 2016, 51(14): 1176-1178. Abdel S E, Glasl H, Nahrstedt A, et al . Hydroxycinnamic acid amides from Iochroma cyaneum [J]. Phytochemistry , 1990, 29(12): 3931-3933. Shi Y D, Zhang L, Jiang R, et al . Protective effects of nicotinamide against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury [J]. Int Immunopharmacol , 2012, 14(4): 530-537.)
中草药
|化学成分
2026
, 57
(4) :
1234
-1241
中华枸杞生物碱类成分及其保肝活性研究
全屏
马雨果1 , 牛莹1 , 范雨欣1 , 张濮阳1 , 张梦瑶1 , 刘慧1 , 孙彦君1,2 , 冯卫生1,2 , 弓建红1 , 陈辉1,2
作者信息
1 河南中医药大学药学院, 河南郑州 450046; 2 呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心, 河南郑州 450046
通讯作者:
弓建红
作者简介:
马雨果: 马雨果(2002—),硕士研究生,研究方向为中药药效物质基础。E-mail:mayuguo2023@163.com
Alkaloids from fruit of Lycium chinense and their hepatoprotective activity
MA Yuguo, NIU Ying, FAN Yuxin, ZHANG Puyang, ZHANG Mengyao, LIU Hui, SUN Yanjun, FENG Weisheng, GONG Jianhong, CHEN Hui
Affiliations
doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.04.004
文章导航
目的 研究中华枸杞Lycium chinense 生物碱类化学成分及其保肝活性。方法 采用硅胶、D101大孔吸附树脂、ODS等柱色谱和半制备液相色谱等色谱技术对其化学成分进行分离纯化,进一步通过¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR、质谱等波谱学手段进行结构鉴定。利用对乙酰氨基酚(APAP)诱导的人肝癌HepG2细胞损伤模型,对单体化合物进行保肝活性评价。结果 从中华枸杞95%乙醇提取物中分离得到16个生物碱类化合物,分别鉴定为lyciumamide P(1 )、lyciumamide Q(2 )、lyciumamide R(3 )、N -cis- grossamide(4 )、大麻酰胺E(5 )、大麻酰胺F(6 )、大麻酰胺G(7 )、大麻酰胺H(8 )、heliotropamide(9 )、N -malonyl-tryptophan(10 )、N -acetyltryptophan methyl ester(11 )、equisetinine A(12 )、烟酰胺(13 )、5-羟基吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯(14 )、胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷(15 )、N ¹,N ¹⁰-di-dihydrocaffeoylspermidine(16 )。结论 化合物1 ~16 均为首次从中华枸杞中分离得到。化合物12 、13 、15 、16 为首次从枸杞属植物中分离得到。化合物5 ~7 、10 ~16 在10μmol/L时对APAP诱导的人肝癌HepG2细胞损伤具有显著的保护作用。
中华枸杞
/
生物碱
/
保肝活性
/
大麻酰胺G
/
烟酰胺
/
5-羟基吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯
Objective To study the alkaloids from the fruit of Lycium chinense and their hepatoprotective activity. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, D101 macroporous resin column chromatography, ODS column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The acetaminophen (APAP)-induced injury of human liver cancer HepG2 cells model was used to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of these compounds. Results Sixteen alkaloids were isolated from the ethanol extract of fruit of L. chinense . Their structures were identified as lyciumamide P (1 ), lyciumamide Q (2 ), lyciumamide R (3 ), N -cis -grossamide (4 ), cannabisin E (5 ), cannabisin F (6 ), cannabisin G (7 ), cannabisin H (8 ), heliotropamide (9 ), N -malonyl-tryptophan (10 ), N -acetyltryptophan methyl ester (11 ), equisetinine A (12 ), nicotinamide (13 ), methyl-5-hydroxy-2-pyridinecarboxylate (14 ), thymidine (15 ), N 1 ,N 10 -di-dihydrocaffeoylspermidine (16 ). Conclusion Compounds 1 —16 were isolated from L. chinense for the first time. Compounds 12 , 13 , 15 and 16 were isolated from Lycium for the first time. Compounds 5 —7 and 10 —16 showed significant hepatoprotective activity against APAP-induced injury of human liver cancer HepG2 cells at 10 μmol/L.
Lycium chinense Mill.
/
alkaloids
/
hepatoprotective activity
/
cannabisin G
/
nicotinamide
/
methyl-5-hydroxy-2-pyridine-carboxylate
马雨果, 牛莹, 范雨欣, 张濮阳, 张梦瑶, 刘慧, 孙彦君, 冯卫生, 弓建红, 陈辉.
中华枸杞生物碱类成分及其保肝活性研究.
中草药,
2026
, 57
(4)
: 1234
-1241
.
DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.04.004
MA Yuguo, NIU Ying, FAN Yuxin, ZHANG Puyang, ZHANG Mengyao, LIU Hui, SUN Yanjun, FENG Weisheng, GONG Jianhong, CHEN Hui.
Alkaloids from fruit of Lycium chinense and their hepatoprotective activity[J].
Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs ,
2026
, 57
(4)
: 1234
-1241
.
DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.04.004
参考文献
引证文献
王益民, 张宝琳. 我国枸杞属物种资源及发展对策[J]. 世界林业研究, 2021, 34(3): 107-111. Xie W, Chen H G, Chen R H, et al . Intervention effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on lead-induced kidney injury mice and its mechanism: A study based on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway [J]. J Ethnopharmacol , 2024, 319(Pt 2): 117197. 刘建飞, 巩媛, 杨军丽, 等. 枸杞属植物中生物碱类成分研究进展[J]. 科学通报, 2022, 67(4): 332-350. 李应萍, 刘菲, 张渌淘, 等. 黑果枸杞多酚类化合物研究进展[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2024, 45(13): 214-224. 纪梦衫, 魏文君, 张凯笑, 等. 枸杞中类胡萝卜素类成分的研究进展[J]. 华西药学杂志, 2024, 39(1): 99-102. Qian D, Zhao Y X, Yang G, et al . Systematic review of chemical constituents in the genus Lycium (Solanaceae) [J]. Molecules , 2017, 22(6): 911. Cai H Z, Liu F K, Zuo P G, et al . Practical application of antidiabetic efficacy of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in patients with type 2 diabetes [J]. Med Chem , 2015, 11(4): 383-390. Liu T, Zhang Y, Wu Z, et al . Novel glucomannan-like polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L. ameliorates renal fibrosis via blocking macrophage-to-myofibroblasts transition [J]. Int J Biol Macromol , 2024, 278(Pt 2): 134491. Liu H, Fan Y X, Xu R W, et al . A new pyrrolopyrazine alkaloid from the fruit of Lycium chinense [J]. J Asian Nat Prod Res , 2025, 27(10): 1550-1555. Chen H, Zhang W J, Kong J B, et al . Structurally diverse phenolic amides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum with potent α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitory, and PPAR-γ agonistic activities [J]. J Agric Food Chem , 2023, 71(29): 11080-11093. Zhu Y J, Dai X Y, Zhao Y L, et al . Lyciumines a and B: Two pyrrole-fused alkaloids from the fruits of Lycium barbarum [J]. J Nat Prod , 2025, 88(5): 1237-1243. Chen H, Kong J B, Zhang L, et al . Lycibarbarines A-C, three tetrahydroquinoline alkaloids possessing a spiro-heterocycle moiety from the fruits of Lycium barbarum [J]. Org Lett , 2021, 23(3): 858-862. 代向阳, 朱研洁, 张晓祎, 等. 枸杞子中生物碱类化学成分的研究[J]. 华西药学杂志, 2025, 40(6): 613-619. Chin Y W, Lim S W, Kim S H, et al . Hepatoprotective pyrrole derivatives of Lycium chinense fruits [J]. Bioorg Med Chem Lett , 2003, 13(1): 79-81. King R R, Calhoun L A. Characterization of cross-linked hydroxycinnamic acid amides isolated from potato common scab lesions [J]. Phytochemistry , 2005, 66(20): 2468-2473. 杨炳友, 刘艳, 王欣, 等. 洋金花种子的化学成分研究(Ⅰ) [J]. 中草药, 2013, 44(14): 1877-1880. 佘亮, 刘艺, 潘俊, 等. 齿叶蓼的化学成分研究[J]. 中药材, 2021, 44(9): 2110-2113. 陈辉, 曹兵, 朱莹, 等. 地骨皮化学成分研究[J]. 中草药, 2019, 50(6): 1299-1304. 陈芳, 郑新恒, 王瑞, 等. 枸杞根化学成分研究[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(5): 1007-1012. Guntern A, Ioset J R, Queiroz E F, et al . Heliotropamide, a novel oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide from Heliotropium ovalifolium [J]. J Nat Prod , 2003, 66(12): 1550-1553. Elliott M C. α-N -malonyl-D -tryptophan in seedling wheat roots [J]. New Phytol , 1971, 70(6): 1005-1015. King R R, Calhoun L A. Synthesis and NMR characteristics of N- acetyl-4-nitro, N -acetyl-5-nitro, N -acetyl-6-nitro and N -acetyl-7-nitrotryptophan methyl esters [J]. Magn Reson Chem , 2009, 47(3): 273-276. Zhu D H, Zhang J K, Jia J F, et al . Alkaloids from the stem of Ephedra equisetina [J]. J Asian Nat Prod Res , 2023, 25(3): 238-244. 晁凌会, 彭治添, 任易, 等. 紫堇的化学成分研究[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(7): 1508-1512. 崔泽旭, 徐嵬, 杨秀伟, 等. 细叶十大功劳茎水提取物脂溶性部位的化学成分研究[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(1): 80-89. 高聪, 付红伟, 裴月湖, 等. 落花生枝叶化学成分的分离与鉴定[J]. 中国药学杂志, 2016, 51(14): 1176-1178. Abdel S E, Glasl H, Nahrstedt A, et al . Hydroxycinnamic acid amides from Iochroma cyaneum [J]. Phytochemistry , 1990, 29(12): 3931-3933. Shi Y D, Zhang L, Jiang R, et al . Protective effects of nicotinamide against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury [J]. Int Immunopharmacol , 2012, 14(4): 530-537.
2026年第57卷第4期
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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.04.004
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科 Family 属数 Number of genus 种数 Number of species 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) 属 Genus 种数 Number of species 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78 小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39 红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87 小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26 光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39 红菇属 Russula 17 8.13 栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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