中草药

枸杞子中1个新的吡咯生物碱

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中草药 | 化学成分 2026,57(1): 31-38

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中草药 |化学成分 2026 , 57 (1) : 31 -38

枸杞子中1个新的吡咯生物碱

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赵永卓¹, 牛莹¹, 马雨果¹, 刘慧¹, 孙嘉忻¹, 郝志友¹, 冯卫生^1,2, 陈辉^1,2

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通讯作者:

陈辉

作者简介:

赵永卓: 赵永卓(2000-),硕士研究生,研究方向为中药药效物质基础。E-mail:zyz4711@163.com

A new pyrrole alkaloid from fruit of Lycium barbarum

ZHAO Yongzhuo, NIU Ying, MA Yuguo, LIU Hui, SUN Jiaxin, HAO Zhiyou, FENG Weisheng, CHEN Hui

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.01.004

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摘要

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目的研究宁夏枸杞Lycium barbarum果实（枸杞子）的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、D-101大孔吸附树脂、MCI、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱及制备型HPLC色谱进行分离纯化，根据化合物的波谱数据和理化性质进行结构鉴定，并采用4-硝基苯酚-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（4-nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside，PNPG）法对部分化合物进行α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性评价。结果从枸杞子中分离得到15个化合物，分别鉴定为methyl (2R)-[2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-4-methylpentanoate（1）、5-epi-acortatarin A（2）、5-甲氧甲基-1H-吡咯-2-甲醛（3）、4-[2-formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]butanoic acid（4）、(2R)-[2-formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate（5）、4-[formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]butanoate（6）、3-[2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]pentanedioic acid（7）、N-反式-阿魏酰-3-甲氧基酪胺（8）、N-trans-feruloyl-3′,4′-dihydroxyphenylethylamine（9）、N-顺式香豆酰酪胺（10）、N-顺式阿魏酰酪胺（11）、bungeanoline E（12）、N-malonyl-tryptophan（13）、3-羟基-4-乙基酮吡啶（14）、cartorimine（15）。化合物9抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的半数抑制浓度（median inhibition concentration，IC₅₀）为（31.64±2.30）µmol/L。结论化合物1为1个新的吡咯生物碱，命名为枸杞吡咯碱A，化合物2为1个新天然产物，化合物12、13和15为首次从该属植物中分离得到，化合物4、7、14为首次从宁夏枸杞植物中分离得到。化合物9具有显著的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。

关键词

茄科 / 枸杞子 / 生物碱 / α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性 / 枸杞吡咯碱A / 5-epi-acortatarin A / 3-羟基-4-乙基酮吡啶

Abstract

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Objective To research the chemical constituents from the fruits of Lycium barbarum. Methods Separation and purification were performed using silica gel, D-101 macroporous resin, MCI, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the compounds were identified based on spectroscopic data and physicochemical properties. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the selected compounds was evaluated using 4-nitrophenol-α-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG) assay. Results A total of 15 compounds were isolated from the fruits of L. barbarum, which were identified as methyl (2R)-[2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-4-methylpentanoate (1), 5-epi-acortatarin A (2), 5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (3), 4-[2-formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]butanoic acid (4), (2R)-[2-formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate (5), 4-[formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]butanoate (6), 3-[2-formyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] pentanedioic acid (7), N-trans-feruloyl-3'-O-methyldopamine (8), N-trans-feruloyl-3',4'-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (9), N-cis-p-coumaroyl tyramine (10), N-cis-feruloyl tyramine (11), bungeanoline E (12), N-malonyl-tryptophan (13), 3-hydroxy-4-ethyl ketone pyridine (14), cartorimine (15). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new pyrrole alkaloid, named lycipyrrole A. Compound 2 is a new natural product. Compounds 4, 7 and 12—15 were isolated from L. barbarum for the first time, while compounds 12, 13 and 15 were isolated from this genus for the first time. Notably, compound 9 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase.

Key words

Solanaceae / Lycium barbarum L. / alkaloids / α-glucosidase inhibitory activity / lycipyrrole A / 5-epi-acortatarin A / 3-hydroxy-4-ethyl ketone pyridine

引用本文

赵永卓, 牛莹, 马雨果, 刘慧, 孙嘉忻, 郝志友, 冯卫生, 陈辉. 枸杞子中1个新的吡咯生物碱. 中草药, 2026 , 57 (1) : 31 -38 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.01.004

ZHAO Yongzhuo, NIU Ying, MA Yuguo, LIU Hui, SUN Jiaxin, HAO Zhiyou, FENG Weisheng, CHEN Hui. A new pyrrole alkaloid from fruit of Lycium barbarum[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2026 , 57 (1) : 31 -38 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.01.004

基金

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国家自然科学基金资助项目 (22177027); 河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划 (24IRTSTHN039); 河南省杰出青年科学基金项目 (252300421027)

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2026年第57卷第1期

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.01.004

接收时间：2025-10-15
首发时间：2026-09-09

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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