中草药

天然产物自组装水凝胶调控实现药物智能递送

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中草药 | 综述 2026,57(12): 4914-4925

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中草药 |综述 2026 , 57 (12) : 4914 -4925

天然产物自组装水凝胶调控实现药物智能递送

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赵梦柯¹, 鲁妍妍¹, 赵璇¹, 杨康^2,3, 朱艳慧¹, 王真真^1,3

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通讯作者:

王真真

作者简介:

赵梦柯: 赵梦柯，硕士研究生，研究方向为药学。E-mail:zhaomengk@126.com

Regulation of natural product self-assembled hydrogels for intelligent drug delivery

ZHAO Mengke, LU Yanyan, ZHAO Xuan, YANG Kang, ZHU Yanhui, WANG Zhenzhen

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.12.032

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天然产物水凝胶是基于甾体类、三萜类、黄酮类、生物碱类及醌类等中药活性成分自组装形成的重要功能体系。此类天然产物凭借其特有的两亲性结构，借助疏水作用、π-π堆积、氢键及配位键等分子间作用力，可自发组装形成稳定的三维网络结构。天然产物水凝胶兼具“药载一体”的核心特性，在药物递送与疾病治疗领域展现出独特优势，具体包括生物黏附性、靶向定位能力、响应性触发释放及原位凝胶化等适配药物递送与疾病治疗需求的关键性能，可通过精准递送药物提升疾病治疗效果。然而，当前相关研究仍面临诸多重要挑战，许多天然产物的自组装路径与动态演变规律尚未完全阐明，直接限制了功能材料的精准构筑；同时，现有评价体系难以全面反映其体内药效，导致临床转化研究明显滞后。未来研究应着重于多层次自组装机制的系统解析，深入探索分子结构、组装动力学与宏观性能间的内在关联，及其在智能药物递送与疾病治疗中的应用，以期为天然产物功能材料的理性设计提供理论依据，为中药创新制剂研发与疾病精准治疗提供新的发展方向。

关键词

天然产物 / 水凝胶 / 自组装 / 药物智能递送 / 两亲性

Abstract

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Natural product hydrogels, self-assembled from active components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) such as steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and quinones, represent a significant class of functional systems. Leveraging their intrinsic amphiphilic structures, these compounds spontaneously form stable three-dimensional networks through intermolecular interactions including hydrophobic effects, π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and coordination bonds. These hydrogels possess the core “drug-carrier integration” feature, offering unique advantages for drug delivery and disease therapy. Key properties such as bioadhesion, targeted localization, stimuli-responsive release, and in situ gelation enable precise drug delivery and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, significant challenges persist in this field: the self-assembly pathways and dynamic evolution mechanisms of many natural products remain incompletely elucidated, hindering the precise construction of functional materials. Furthermore, existing evaluation systems often fail to comprehensively reflect their in vivo pharmacological effects, resulting in a notable lag in clinical translation. Future research should, therefore, prioritize the systematic analysis of multi-level self-assembly mechanisms. This involves exploring the intrinsic relationships between molecular structure, assembly kinetics, and macroscopic properties, alongside their applications in intelligent drug delivery and therapy. Such efforts are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the rational design of natural product-based functional materials and to inform new directions for developing innovative TCM formulations and precision medicine.

Key words

natural products / hydrogel / self-assembly / intelligent drug delivery / amphiphilicity

引用本文

赵梦柯, 鲁妍妍, 赵璇, 杨康, 朱艳慧, 王真真. 天然产物自组装水凝胶调控实现药物智能递送. 中草药, 2026 , 57 (12) : 4914 -4925 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.12.032

ZHAO Mengke, LU Yanyan, ZHAO Xuan, YANG Kang, ZHU Yanhui, WANG Zhenzhen. Regulation of natural product self-assembled hydrogels for intelligent drug delivery[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2026 , 57 (12) : 4914 -4925 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.12.032

基金

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河南省高等学校重点科研项目 (25A360016); 国家自然科学基金青年基金 (82204736); 河南中医药大学科研苗圃工程项目 (MP2024-03); 河南省卫生健康委国家中医临床研究基地科研专项 (2022JDZX109); 河南省自然科学基金 (252300423816,242300421522)

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王鹏龙, 皮雯敏, 韩娜娜. 一种源于麻杏石甘汤具有解热抗炎作用的无载体金属-有机小分子超分子水凝胶的制备及应用: 中国, CN116173070B [P]. 2025-07-04.

2026年第57卷第12期

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.12.032

接收时间：2026-02-02
首发时间：2026-09-09

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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