中草药

经典名方茵陈蒿汤基准样品制备工艺考察

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中草药 | 药剂与工艺 2026,57(9): 3375-3383

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中草药 |药剂与工艺 2026 , 57 (9) : 3375 -3383

经典名方茵陈蒿汤基准样品制备工艺考察

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李传娟¹, 李余佳^2,3, 姜南⁴, 耿佳乐⁴, 戴莹^2,3, 窦志华^1,2,3,4

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通讯作者:

戴莹

作者简介:

李传娟: 李传娟,硕士研究生,主要从事天然药物化学研究。Tel:19863826930 E-mail:l19863826930@163.com

Investigation on preparation process of benchmark sample of classical prescription Yinchenhao Decoction

LI Chuanjuan, LI Yujia, JIANG Nan, GENG Jiale, DAI Ying, DOU Zhihua

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.09.011

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目的考察茵陈蒿汤基准样品的制备工艺。方法建立HPLC同时测定茵陈蒿汤中绿原酸、1-咖啡酰奎宁酸（1-caffeoylquinic acid，1-CQA）、栀子苷、山栀苷、京尼平龙胆双糖苷（genipin gentiobioside，GG）、西红花苷I、西红花苷II、jasminoside B、芦荟大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷（aloe emodin-8-O-glucopyranoside，AE8G）、大黄酸-8-O-葡萄糖苷（rhein-8-O-glucoside，R8G）和没食子酸11个成分含量的方法，以这11个成分提取量或转移率为指标，分别进行茵陈蒿汤基准样品制备的煎煮方法、加水量、煎煮时间、煎煮次数、浓缩温度单因素考察，以加水量、煎煮时间、浓缩温度为考察因素，采用正交试验法对单因素考察设定的2个水平进行优化组合，并对优化的工艺进行放大验证试验。结果单因素考察显示，6个、9个、10个成分的提取量分别为同煎、加茵陈18倍和15倍水、煎煮30 min和20 min优于先煎茵陈、加茵陈12倍和10倍水、煎煮60 min和40 min（P＜0.05、0.01）；与提取3次的提取总量相比，前2煎各成分的提取量占比均接近或超过70%，2个成分的转移率50 ℃减压浓缩明显高于80 ℃减压浓缩（P＜0.01）。正交试验优选的茵陈蒿汤基准样品制备工艺为3味药同煎2次，加水量分别为18倍和15倍，煎煮时间分别为30 min和20 min，50 ℃减压浓缩。放大10倍的验证试验结果与小试结果一致。结论优选的工艺稳定、简单、重复性好，可用于经典名方茵陈蒿汤基准样品的制备。

关键词

经典名方 / 茵陈蒿汤 / 茵陈 / 栀子 / 大黄 / 基准样品 / 制备工艺 / 1-咖啡酰奎宁酸 / 栀子苷 / 山栀苷 / 京尼平龙胆双糖苷 / 西红花苷I / 西红花苷II / 芦荟大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷 / 大黄酸-8-O-葡萄糖苷 / 绿原酸 / jasminoside B / 没食子酸

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Objective To investigate the preparation process of the benchmark sample of Yinchenhao Decoction (YD, 茵陈蒿汤). Methods An HPLC method was established to simultaneous determine the content of 11 components in YD, including chlorogenic acid, 1-caffeoylquinic acid (1-CQA), geniposide, shanzhiside, genipin gentiobioside (GG), crocin I, crocin II, jasminoside B, aloe emodin-8-O-glucopyranoside (AE8G), rhein-8-O-glucoside (R8G) and gallic acid. Using the extraction amount or transfer rate of these 11 components as indicators, single factor investigations were conducted on the preparation of benchmark sample of YD, including the decocting methods, quantity of water addition, decoction time, decoction times, and concentration temperature. Taking the quantity of water addition, decoction time, and concentration temperature as the evaluation factors, the two levels set for the single factor investigations mentioned above were optimized and combined by the orthogonal experimental method, and the optimized process was verified through amplification experiments. Results The single-factor investigation indicated that the extraction amounts of six, nine, and 10 components were higher under the conditions of co-decoction, decocting with 18-fold and 15-fold water for 30 min and 20 min, respectively, compared to the conditions of pre-decocting Yinchen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba) followed by decocting with 12-fold and 10-fold water for 60 min and 40 min (P < 0.05, 0.01). Compared with the total amount extracted three times, the extraction amount of each component in the first two decoctions were all close to or exceeded 70%. The transfer rates of two components were significantly higher under reduced-pressure concentration at 50  ℃ than at 80  ℃ (P < 0.01). The optimal preparation process using orthogonal experiment for the benchmark sample of YD was as follows: decocting the three herbs together twice, with 18-fold and 15-fold volume water, for 30 and 20 min, respectively, then concentrating at 50 ℃ under reduced pressure. The results of the validation experiment magnified by 10 was consistent with lab-scale results. Conclusion The optimized process is stable, simple, and repeatable, which can be used for the preparation of substance benchmark of classical prescription YD.

Key words

classical prescription / Yinchenhao Decoction / Artemisiae Scopariae Herba / Gardeniae Fructus / Rhei Radix et Rhizoma / benchmark sample / preparation process / 1-caffeoylquinic acid / geniposide / shanzhiside / genipin gentiobioside / crocin I / crocin II / aloe emodin-8-O-glucopyranoside / rhein-8-O-glucoside / chlorogenic acid / jasminoside B / gallic acid

引用本文

李传娟, 李余佳, 姜南, 耿佳乐, 戴莹, 窦志华. 经典名方茵陈蒿汤基准样品制备工艺考察. 中草药, 2026 , 57 (9) : 3375 -3383 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.09.011

LI Chuanjuan, LI Yujia, JIANG Nan, GENG Jiale, DAI Ying, DOU Zhihua. Investigation on preparation process of benchmark sample of classical prescription Yinchenhao Decoction[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2026 , 57 (9) : 3375 -3383 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.09.011

基金

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湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2024JJ8151);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2024JJ6362);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2025JJ60642);中药创新能力提升项目(湘中医药函［2025］5号);湖南省卫生健康高层次人才项目(湘卫函［2024］43、182号);国家中医药管理局全国老药工传承工作室建设项目(国中医药人教函［2024］255号)

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2026年第57卷第9期

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.09.011

接收时间：2025-10-29
首发时间：2026-09-09

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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