中草药

基于植物化学生物网络的中药干预代谢综合征作用解析及应用探讨

PDF下载

中草药 | 综述 2026,57(7): 2751-2767

收起

中草药 |综述 2026 , 57 (7) : 2751 -2767

基于植物化学生物网络的中药干预代谢综合征作用解析及应用探讨

全屏

伏青青^1,2, 樊明媛^1,2, 姚淇元¹, 王强艳^1,2, 邱俊^1,2, 袁久术^1,2, 谢红艳^1,3,4, 高泓^1,3,4

作者信息

通讯作者:

高泓

作者简介:

伏青青: 伏青青,硕士研究生,研究方向为内分泌及代谢性疾病。E-mail:2568012994@qq.com

Mechanistic analysis and application exploration of traditional Chinese medicine in intervention of metabolic syndrome based on phytochemical networks

FU Qingqing, FAN Mingyuan, YAO Qiyuan, WANG Qiangyan, QIU Jun, YUAN Jiushu, XIE Hongyan, GAO Hong

Affiliations

doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.026

文章导航

摘要

收起

代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome，MetS）是一种以中心性肥胖、高血糖、血脂异常及高血压为特征的复杂代谢紊乱。该疾病的本质涉及多器官代谢网络的功能失调，而现行单靶点药物治疗策略难以应对其复杂性。基于“肠道菌群作为代谢调节枢纽”的当前认识，系统梳理了MetS中由肠-肝轴、肠-脑轴、肠-脂肪轴及肠-心血管轴介导的器官间通讯紊乱机制。而中药来源的植物化学成分可通过重塑肠道菌群结构、调节微生物代谢产物、修复肠道屏障及调节宿主信号通路这4大相互关联的机制，多靶点干预胰岛素抵抗与慢性炎症等核心病理环节。通过归纳代表性中药的作用证据，进一步提炼出共性的“多成分-微生物组-多靶点”作用框架，为构建MetS系统性管理的新理论框架提供了科学依据，并提示了潜在的未来实践方向。未来，结合多组学与计算建模方法，有望推动基于该框架的精准营养干预与药物研发探索。

关键词

代谢综合征 / 肠道菌群 / 器官间通讯 / 植物化学物 / 肠-器官轴

Abstract

收起

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. At its core, MetS involves dysfunction of multi-organ metabolic networks, whereas current single-target pharmacological strategies are insufficient to address its complexity. Based on the emerging recognition of the gut microbiota as a central hub of metabolic regulation, this study systematically reviews the mechanisms of disrupted inter-organ communication in MetS mediated through the gut-liver axis, gut-brain axis, gut-adipose axis, and gut-cardiovascular axis. Phytochemicals derived from traditional Chinese medicine can exert multi-target interventions on key pathological processes, including insulin resistance and chronic inflammation, through four interconnected mechanisms: remodeling gut microbial composition, regulating microbial metabolites, restoring intestinal barrier integrity, and modulating host signaling pathways. By synthesizing evidence on representative traditional Chinese medicines, this study further distills a shared “multi-component-microbiome-multi-target” framework of action. This framework provides a scientific basis for the development of a novel theoretical paradigm for the systemic management of MetS and highlights potential directions for future practice. Looking ahead, the integration of multi-omics approaches and computational modeling is expected to facilitate the exploration of precision nutrition interventions and drug development based on this framework.

Key words

metabolic syndrome / gut microbiota / multi-organ crosstalk / phytochemicals / gut-organ axis

引用本文

伏青青, 樊明媛, 姚淇元, 王强艳, 邱俊, 袁久术, 谢红艳, 高泓. 基于植物化学生物网络的中药干预代谢综合征作用解析及应用探讨. 中草药, 2026 , 57 (7) : 2751 -2767 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.026

FU Qingqing, FAN Mingyuan, YAO Qiyuan, WANG Qiangyan, QIU Jun, YUAN Jiushu, XIE Hongyan, GAO Hong. Mechanistic analysis and application exploration of traditional Chinese medicine in intervention of metabolic syndrome based on phytochemical networks[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2026 , 57 (7) : 2751 -2767 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.026

基金

收起

四川省中医药管理局资助项目 (2024zd002); 四川省中医药管理局资助项目 (2024MS548); 成都市卫⽣健康委员会成都中医药⼤学 (WXLH202403014)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

Alberti K G M M, Zimmet P, Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome:A new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation[J]. Diabet Med,2006, 23(5):469-480.
Dabke K, Hendrick G, Devkota S. The gut microbiome and metabolic syndrome[J]. J Clin Invest, 2019, 129(10):4050-4057.
Meng X D, Han L H, Fu J J, et al. Associations between metabolic syndrome and depression, and the mediating role of inflammation:Based on the NHANES database[J].J Affect Disord, 2025, 375:214-221.
Kimoto N, Miyashita Y, Yata Y, et al. Metabolic syndrome is linked to most cancers incidence[J]. Heart Vessels,2025, 40(4):350-360.
Noubiap J J, Nansseu J R, Lontchi-Yimagou E, et al.Geographic distribution of metabolic syndrome and its components in the general adult population:A Metaanalysis of global data from 28 million individuals[J].Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 2022, 188:109924.
Altabas V. Drug treatment of metabolic syndrome[J]. Curr Clin Pharmacol, 2013, 8(3):224-231.
Sun L L, Xie C, Wang G, et al. Gut microbiota and intestinal FXR mediate the clinical benefits of metformin[J]. Nat Med, 2018, 24(12):1919-1929.
Luo T T, Che Q Y, Guo Z Y, et al. Modulatory effects of traditional Chinese medicines on gut microbiota and the microbiota-gut-x axis[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2024, 15:1442854.
陈兴光,舒丽梅,随伟红,等.黄酮类成分改善代谢综合征的作用及机制研究进展[J].中草药, 2025, 56(23):8803-8815.
Song Z C, Bu S, Sang S Z, et al. The active components of traditional Chinese medicines regulate the multi-target signaling pathways of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2025, 19:2693-2715.
BoulangéC L, Neves A L, Chilloux J, et al. Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease[J]. Genome Med, 2016, 8(1):42.
Tanase D M, Gosav E M, Neculae E, et al. Role of gut microbiota on onset and progression of microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)[J]. Nutrients,2020, 12(12):3719.
Krautkramer K A, Fan J, Bäckhed F. Gut microbial metabolites as multi-Kingdom intermediates[J]. Nat Rev Microbiol, 2021, 19(2):77-94.
Chen Y W, Zhou J H, Wang L. Role and mechanism of gut microbiota in human disease[J]. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2021, 11:625913.
Sircana A, Framarin L, Leone N, et al. Altered gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes:Just a coincidence?[J]. Curr Diab Rep, 2018, 18(10):98.
Mazidi M, Rezaie P, Kengne A P, et al. Gut microbiome and metabolic syndrome[J]. Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev, 2016, 10(2):S150-S157.
Clarke G, Stilling R M, Kennedy P J, et al. Minireview:Gut microbiota:The neglected endocrine organ[J]. Mol Endocrinol, 2014, 28(8):1221-1238.
Singer-Englar T, Barlow G, Mathur R. Obesity, diabetes,and the gut microbiome:An updated review[J]. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2019, 13(1):3-15.
Ma C, Han M J, Heinrich B, et al. Gut microbiomemediated bile acid metabolism regulates liver cancer via NKT cells[J]. Science, 2018, 360(6391):eaan5931.
胥玉珍,曲珍妮,吕佳,等.基于肠道菌群、胆汁酸代谢的中医药预防和治疗肥胖作用机制研究进展[J].中草药, 2025, 56(16):6073-6084.
梁鲁纯,庞湃,刘函菲,等.黄连活性成分调节肠道微生态治疗2型糖尿病的研究进展[J].中草药, 2025,56(10):3748-3758.
Amabebe E, Robert F O, Agbalalah T, et al. Microbial dysbiosis-induced obesity:Role of gut microbiota in homoeostasis of energy metabolism[J]. Br J Nutr, 2020,123(10):1127-1137.
Huda M N, Kim M, Bennett B J. Modulating the microbiota as a therapeutic intervention for type 2 diabetes[J]. Front Endocrinol, 2021, 12:632335.
Gomes A C, Bueno A A, de Souza R G M, et al. Gut microbiota, probiotics and diabetes[J]. Nutr J, 2014, 13:60.
Collado M C, Isolauri E, Salminen S, et al. The impact of probiotic on gut health[J]. Curr Drug Metab, 2009, 10(1):68-78.
Lee C J, Sears C L, Maruthur N. Gut microbiome and its role in obesity and insulin resistance[J]. Ann N Y Acad Sci,2020, 1461(1):37-52.
Carvalho B M, Saad M J A. Influence of gut microbiota on subclinical inflammation and insulin resistance[J].Mediators Inflamm, 2013, 2013:986734.
Ozcan U, Cao Q, Yilmaz E, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress links obesity, insulin action, and type 2 diabetes[J].Science, 2004, 306(5695):457-461.
Wellen K E, Hotamisligil G S. Inflammation, stress, and diabetes[J]. J Clin Invest, 2005, 115(5):1111-1119.
Rawal K, Purohit K M, Patel T P, et al. Resistin mitigates stemness and metabolic profile of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via insulin resistance[J].Cytokine, 2021, 138:155374.
Choe S S, Huh J Y, Hwang I J, et al. Adipose tissue remodeling:Its role in energy metabolism and metabolic disorders[J]. Front Endocrinol, 2016, 7:30.
Oikonomou E K, Antoniades C. The role of adipose tissue in cardiovascular health and disease[J]. Nat Rev Cardiol,2019, 16(2):83-99.
Nie P H, Hu L H, Feng X Y, et al. Gut microbiota disorders and metabolic syndrome:Tales of a crosstalk process[J].Nutr Rev, 2025, 83(5):908-924.
Cani P D, Amar J, Iglesias M A, et al. Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance[J].Diabetes, 2007, 56(7):1761-1772.
Wellen K E, Hotamisligil G S. Obesity-induced inflammatory changes in adipose tissue[J]. J Clin Invest,2003, 112(12):1785-1788.
Ding Y Y, Lan J C, Fang Y M, et al. Dityrosine aggravates hepatic insulin resistance in obese mice by altering gut microbiota and the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway[J]. Mol Nutr Food Res, 2023, 67(22):e2300373.
Cani P D, Bibiloni R, Knauf C, et al. Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice[J]. Diabetes, 2008, 57(6):1470-1481.
Caesar R, Fåk F, Bäckhed F. Effects of gut microbiota on obesity and atherosclerosis via modulation of inflammation and lipid metabolism[J]. J Intern Med,2010, 268(4):320-328.
Khan S, Luck H, Winer S, et al. Emerging concepts in intestinal immune control of obesity-related metabolic disease[J]. Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1):2598.
Winer D A, Luck H, Tsai S, et al. The intestinal immune system in obesity and insulin resistance[J]. Cell Metab,2016, 23(3):413-426.
Truax A D, Chen L, Tam J W, et al. The inhibitory innate immune sensor NLRP12 maintains a threshold against obesity by regulating gut microbiota homeostasis[J]. Cell Host Microbe, 2018, 24(3):364-378.
Cummings J H, Pomare E W, Branch W J, et al. Short chain fatty acids in human large intestine, portal, hepatic and venous blood[J]. Gut, 1987, 28(10):1221-1227.
Nutting C W, Islam S, Daugirdas J T. Vasorelaxant effects of short chain fatty acid salts in rat caudal artery[J]. Am J Physiol, 1991, 261(2 Pt2):H561-H567.
Mortensen F V, Nielsen H, Mulvany M J, et al. Short chain fatty acids dilate isolated human colonic resistance arteries[J]. Gut, 1990, 31(12):1391-1394.
Hartstra A V, Bouter K E C, Bäckhed F, et al. Insights into the role of the microbiome in obesity and type 2 diabetes[J]. Diabetes Care, 2015, 38(1):159-165.
Willemsen L E M, Koetsier M A, van Deventer S J H, et al. Short chain fatty acids stimulate epithelial mucin 2expression through differential effects on prostaglandin E1and E2 production by intestinal myofibroblasts[J]. Gut,2003, 52(10):1442-1447.
Wang H B, Wang P Y, Wang X, et al. Butyrate enhances intestinal epithelial barrier function via up-regulation of tight junction protein Claudin-1 transcription[J]. Dig Dis Sci, 2012, 57(12):3126-3135.
Pingitore A, Chambers E S, Hill T, et al. The diet-derived short chain fatty acid propionate improves beta-cell function in humans and stimulates insulin secretion from human islets in vitro[J]. Diabetes Obes Metab, 2017,19(2):257-265.
Onyszkiewicz M, Gawrys-Kopczynska M, Konopelski P,et al. Butyric acid, a gut bacteria metabolite, lowers arterial blood pressure via colon-vagus nerve signaling and GPR41/43 receptors[J]. Pflugers Arch, 2019, 471(11/12):1441-1453.
Zheng M X, Yang X Y, Wu Q Y, et al. Butyrate attenuates hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat and fiber-deficient diet via the hepatic GPR41/43-CaMKII/HDAC1-CREB pathway[J]. Mol Nutr Food Res, 2023, 67(1):2200597.
赵慧亮,杨晨,王琦,等.人源化粪菌移植实验动物模型在抑郁症研究中的应用进展[J].药学学报, 2021,56(7):1865-1871.
Gupta A, Osadchiy V, Mayer E A. Brain-gut-microbiome interactions in obesity and food addiction[J]. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020, 17(11):655-672.
谢译萱,魏雪梅,杨洋,等.基于肠道菌群-胆汁酸轴探讨中药治疗炎症性肠病的研究进展[J].中草药,2025, 56(22):8403-8413.
Smirnova E, Muthiah M D, Narayan N, et al. Metabolic reprogramming of the intestinal microbiome with functional bile acid changes underlie the development of NAFLD[J]. Hepatology, 2022, 76(6):1811-1824.
Forman B M, Goode E, Chen J, et al. Identification of a nuclear receptor that is activated by farnesol metabolites[J]. Cell, 1995, 81(5):687-693.
Bai A P, Ouyang Q, Xiao X R, et al. Probiotics modulate inflammatory cytokine secretion from inflamed mucosa in active ulcerative colitis[J]. Int J Clin Pract, 2006, 60(3):284-288.
Fang S, Suh J M, Reilly S M, et al. Intestinal FXR agonism promotes adipose tissue browning and reduces obesity and insulin resistance[J]. Nat Med, 2015, 21(2):159-165.
Smith P M, Howitt M R, Panikov N, et al. The microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, regulate colonic Treg cell homeostasis[J]. Science, 2013, 341(6145):569-573.
den Besten G, Bleeker A, Gerding A, et al. Short-chain fatty acids protect against high-fat diet-induced obesity via a PPARγ-dependent switch from lipogenesis to fat oxidation[J]. Diabetes, 2015, 64(7):2398-2408.
Deng M J, Qu F, Chen L, et al. SCFAs alleviated steatosis and inflammation in mice with NASH induced by MCD[J]. J Endocrinol, 2020, 245(3):425-437.
Cohen P, Kajimura S. The cellular and functional complexity of thermogenic fat[J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,2021, 22(6):393-409.
杨玉涛,张冠宇,杨丹凤,等.中药有效成分调节机体脂代谢作用的研究进展[J].中草药, 2024, 55(9):3127-3136.
Makki K, Froguel P, Wolowczuk I. Adipose tissue in obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance:Cells,cytokines, and chemokines[J]. ISRN Inflamm, 2013, 2013:139239.
Bartness T J, Liu Y, Shrestha Y B, et al. Neural innervation of white adipose tissue and the control of lipolysis[J].Front Neuroendocrinol, 2014, 35(4):473-493.
Guida S, Venema K. Gut microbiota and obesity:Involvement of the adipose tissue[J]. J Funct Foods, 2015,14:407-423.
Plovier H, Everard A, Druart C, et al. A purified membrane protein from Akkermansia muciniphila or the pasteurized bacterium improves metabolism in obese and diabetic mice[J]. Nat Med, 2017, 23(1):107-113.
Everard A, Belzer C, Geurts L, et al. Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2013, 110(22):9066-9071.
Gao Z G, Yin J, Zhang J, et al. Butyrate improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in mice[J].Diabetes, 2009, 58(7):1509-1517.
Virtue A T, McCright S J, Wright J M, et al. The gut microbiota regulates white adipose tissue inflammation and obesity via a family of microRNAs[J]. Sci Transl Med,2019, 11(496):eaav1892.
Wachsmuth H R, Weninger S N, Duca F A. Role of the gutbrain axis in energy and glucose metabolism[J]. Exp Mol Med, 2022, 54(4):377-392.
Seldin M M, Koplev S, Rajbhandari P, et al. A strategy for discovery of endocrine interactions with application to whole-body metabolism[J]. Cell Metab, 2018, 27(5):1138-1155.e6.
Sandoval D, Cota D, Seeley R J. The integrative role of CNS fuel-sensing mechanisms in energy balance and glucose regulation[J]. Annu Rev Physiol, 2008, 70:513-535.
Cani P D, Lecourt E, Dewulf E M, et al. Gut microbiota fermentation of prebiotics increases satietogenic and incretin gut peptide production with consequences for appetite sensation and glucose response after a meal[J].Am J Clin Nutr, 2009, 90(5):1236-1243.
De Silva A, Bloom S R. Gut hormones and appetite control:A focus on PYY and GLP-1 as therapeutic targets in obesity[J]. Gut Liver, 2012, 6(1):10-20.
Savage A P, Adrian T E, Carolan G, et al. Effects of peptide YY(PYY)on mouth to Caecum intestinal transit time and on the rate of gastric emptying in healthy volunteers[J].Gut, 1987, 28(2):166-170.
Perry R J, Peng L, Barry N A, et al. Acetate mediates a microbiome-brain-β-cell axis to promote metabolic syndrome[J]. Nature, 2016, 534(7606):213-217.
Zhang Y N, Li X, Huang G W, et al. Propionate stimulates the secretion of satiety hormones and reduces acute appetite in a cecal fistula pig model[J]. Anim Nutr, 2022,10:390-398.
Pagoto S L, Spring B, McChargue D, et al. Acute tryptophan depletion and sweet food consumption by overweight adults[J]. Eat Behav, 2009, 10(1):36-41.
Murphy K G, Bloom S R. Gut hormones and the regulation of energy homeostasis[J]. Nature, 2006, 444(7121):854-859.
Näslund E, Bogefors J, Skogar S, et al. GLP-1 slows solid gastric emptying and inhibits insulin, glucagon, and PYY release in humans[J]. Am J Physiol, 1999, 277(3):R910-R916.
Schjoldager B T, Mortensen P E, Christiansen J, et al.GLP-1(glucagon-like peptide 1)and truncated GLP-1,fragments of human proglucagon, inhibit gastric acid secretion in humans[J]. Dig Dis Sci, 1989, 34(5):703-708.
Yoshimura T, Okamura T, Yuge H, et al. Gut dysbiosis induced by a high-salt diet aggravates atherosclerosis by increasing the absorption of saturated fatty acids in ApoEdeficient mice[J]. J Clin Biochem Nutr, 2025, 76(2):210-220.
Yang T, Santisteban M M, Rodriguez V, et al. Gut dysbiosis is linked to hypertension[J]. Hypertension,2015, 65(6):1331-1340.
Li J, Zhao F Q, Wang Y D, et al. Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of hypertension[J].Microbiome, 2017, 5(1):14.
Seldin M M, Meng Y H, Qi H X, et al. Trimethylamine Noxide promotes vascular inflammation through signaling of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2016, 5(2):e002767.
Wilson Tang W H, Wang Z N, Levison B S, et al. Intestinal microbial metabolism of phosphatidylcholine and cardiovascular risk[J]. N Engl J Med, 2013, 368(17):1575-1584.
Gonzalez-Gonzalez C, Gibson T, Jauregi P. Novel probiotic-fermented milk with angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides produced by Bifidobacterium bifidum MF 20/5[J]. Int J Food Microbiol, 2013, 167(2):131-137.
FeketeÁA, Givens D I, Lovegrove J A. The impact of milk proteins and peptides on blood pressure and vascular function:A review of evidence from human intervention studies[J]. Nutr Res Rev, 2013, 26(2):177-190.
Wold L E, Relling D P, Duan J H, et al. Abrogated leptininduced cardiac contractile response in ventricular myocytes under spontaneous hypertension:Role of JAK/STAT pathway[J]. Hypertension, 2002, 39(1):69-74.
Lan J R, Zhao Y Y, Dong F X, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect and safety of berberine in the treatment of type 2diabetes mellitus, hyperlipemia and hypertension[J]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2015, 161:69-81.
Guo H H, Shen H R, Wang L L, et al. Berberine is a potential alternative for metformin with good regulatory effect on lipids in treating metabolic diseases[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2023, 163:114754.
Yang Y N, Wang Q C, Xu W Y, et al. The berberineenriched gut commensal Blautia producta ameliorates high-fat diet(HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia and stimulates liver LDLR expression[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2022, 155:113749.
Li D, Feng G L, Li Y, et al. Benefits of Huang Lian mediated by gut microbiota on HFD/STZ-induced type 2diabetes mellitus in mice[J]. Front Endocrinol, 2023, 14:1120221.
Li M, Zhou W J, Dang Y Q, et al. Berberine compounds improves hyperglycemia via microbiome mediated colonic TGR5-GLP pathway in db/db mice[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2020, 132:110953.
Ma Z C, Li J, Zhu J Y, et al. Jatrorrhizine retard obesity by modulating transcription factor c-Jun/c-Fos to downregulate Mmp12-mediated inflammation[J]. Int Immunopharmacol, 2025, 152:114405.
Chen X X, Chen C, Fu X. Hypoglycemic effect of the polysaccharides from Astragalus membranaceus on type 2diabetic mice based on the“gut microbiota-mucosal barrier”[J]. Food Funct, 2022, 13(19):10121-10133.
Cao Y X, Deng B H, Zhang S H, et al. Astragalus polysaccharide regulates brown adipogenic differentiation through miR-1258-5p-modulated cut-like homeobox 1expression[J]. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin, 2021, 53(12):1713-1722.
Mao X Q, Yu F, Wang N, et al. Hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharide enriched extract of Astragalus membranaceus in diet induced insulin resistant C57BL/6J mice and its potential mechanism[J]. Phytomedicine,2009, 16(5):416-425.
Han R H, Tang F T, Lu M L, et al. Protective effects of Astragalus polysaccharides against endothelial dysfunction in hypertrophic rats induced by isoproterenol[J]. Int Immunopharmacol, 2016, 38:306-312.
Zheng L L, Li B Y, Yuan A L, et al. TFEB activator tanshinone IIA and derivatives derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Attenuate hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance[J]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2024, 335:118662.
Xu P F, Hong F, Wang J L, et al. DBZ is a putative PPARγagonist that prevents high fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance and gut dysbiosis[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj, 2017, 1861(11 PtA):2690-2701.
Li L X, Lan X T, Peng X, et al. Polysaccharide from salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma attenuates the progress of obesity-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through modulating intestinal microbiota-related gut-liver axis[J].Int J Mol Sci, 2022, 23(18):10620.
Zhang L, Gong X C, Zhang S J, et al. Danshen polysaccharides alleviate AFB1 induced Jejunal injury[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2024, 285:117115.
Gao Y N, Guo M K, Chen J Q, et al. A ginseng polysaccharide protects intestinal barrier integrity in highfat diet-fed obese mice[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2024,277(Pt1):133976.
Liu Q, Zhang Z P, Ji P, et al. Ginseng polysaccharide components attenuate obesity and liver lipid accumulation by regulating fecal microbiota and hepatic lysine degradation[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2024, 269(Pt1):131872.
Zhang K X, Zhu Y, Song S X, et al. Ginsenoside Rb1,compound K and 20(S)-protopanaxadiol attenuate high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats via modulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism[J]. Molecules, 2024,29(5):1108.
Zhou R R, He D, Zhang H C, et al. Ginsenoside Rb1protects against diabetes-associated metabolic disorders in Kkay mice by reshaping gut microbiota and fecal metabolic profiles[J]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2023, 303:115997.
Wang Y, Wu J W, Hong Y, et al. Ginsenosides retard atherogenesis via remodelling host-microbiome metabolic homeostasis[J]. Br J Pharmacol, 2024, 181(12):1768-1792.
Peng M, Wang L M, Su H, et al. Ginsenoside Rg1improved diabetes through regulating the intestinal microbiota in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced type2 diabetes rats[J]. J Food Biochem, 2022, 46(10):e14321.
Liu J, Li Y F, Yang P Y, et al. Gypenosides reduced the risk of overweight and insulin resistance in C57BL/6J mice through modulating adipose thermogenesis and gut microbiota[J]. J Agric Food Chem, 2017, 65(42):9237-9246.
Xie Z F, Jiang H W, Liu W, et al. The triterpenoid sapogenin(2α-OH-protopanoxadiol)ameliorates metabolic syndrome via the intestinal FXR/GLP-1 axis through gut microbiota remodelling[J]. Cell Death Dis,2020, 11(9):770.
Xie J, Luo M X, Chen Q Y, et al. Hypolipidemic effect and gut microbiota regulation of gypenoside aglycones in rats fed a high-fat diet[J]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2024, 328:118066.
Zhang Q, Guo X M, Xie C, et al. Unraveling the metabolic pathway of choline-TMA-TMAO:Effects of gypenosides and implications for the therapy of TMAO related diseases[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2021, 173:105884.
Sang T T, Xu T, Chen C, et al. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides alleviate high-fat diet-induced obesity by promoting lipolysis and inhibiting inflammation through Lactobacillus johnsonii-butyrate axis[J]. J agr food chem,2026, 74(1):834-50.
Chen M Y, Xiao D, Liu W, et al. Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2020, 155:890-902.
Chang C J, Lin C S, Lu C C, et al. Ganoderma lucidum reduces obesity in mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota[J]. Nat Commun, 2015, 6:7489.
Liu Y D, Lai G X, Guo Y R, et al. Protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum spore extract in trimethylamine-Noxide-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats[J]. J Food Sci,2021, 86(2):546-562.
Guo W L, Guo J B, Liu B Y, et al. Ganoderic acid A from Ganoderma lucidum ameliorates lipid metabolism and alters gut microbiota composition in hyperlipidemic mice fed a high-fat diet[J]. Food Funct, 2020, 11(8):6818-6833.
Romero-Córdoba S L, Salido-Guadarrama I, Meneses M E, et al. Mexican Ganoderma Lucidum extracts decrease lipogenesis modulating transcriptional metabolic networks and gut microbiota in C57BL/6 mice fed with a highcholesterol diet[J]. Nutrients, 2020, 13(1):38.
Lv X C, Wu Q, Yuan Y J, et al. Organic chromium derived from the chelation of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and chromium(III)alleviates metabolic syndromes and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis induced by high-fat and high-fructose diet[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2022, 219:964-979.
Gu W, Wang Y F, Zeng L X, et al. Polysaccharides from Polygonatum kingianum improve glucose and lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat diet[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2020, 125:109910.
徐东方,孙嘉辰,杜睿,等.黄精多糖减轻高糖饮食诱导小鼠神经炎症的作用机制[J].中国病理生理杂志,2025, 41(7):1275-1288.
王晓婷,曹翠,刘军锋,等.基于肠道菌群代谢探讨黄精多糖对酒精性肝病小鼠的保护作用[J].中草药,2025, 56(16):5814-5825.
Liu H D, Xing Y, Wang Y B, et al. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide prevents diabetes via the regulation of gut microbiota in prediabetic mice[J]. Foods, 2023, 12(12):2310.
黄莉莉,郑淘,唐圆,等.铁皮石斛多糖对高脂饮食小鼠肠腔菌群的影响[J].食品安全质量检测学报, 2022,13(4):1082-1088.
Chen X X, Chen C, Fu X. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide alleviates type 2 diabetes mellitus by restoring gut microbiota and repairing intestinal barrier via the LPS/TLR4/TRIF/NF-kB axis[J]. J Agric Food Chem,2023, 71(31):11929-11940.
高晓燕,郑少君,戴军,等.霍山石斛多糖对动脉粥样硬化小鼠脂质代谢的影响及菌群结构改变[J].中国药理学通报, 2024, 40(12):2333-2340.
Liu S, Li F, Zhang X Q. Structural modulation of gut microbiota reveals Coix seed contributes to weight loss in mice[J]. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2019, 103(13):5311-5321.
Xia T, Liu C S, Hu Y N, et al. Coix seed polysaccharides alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus via gut microbiotaderived short-chain fatty acids activation of IGF1/PI3K/Akt signaling[J]. Food Res Int, 2021, 150(PtA):110717.
徐君.黄芩-黄连药对与肠道菌群的相互作用研究[D].南京:南京中医药大学, 2014.
胡茹楠,徐丽君,邹欣,等.黄连有效成分盐酸小檗碱、盐酸药根碱、黄连碱及其混合物对NCI-H716细胞分泌胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)的影响[J].中国医院药学杂志, 2018, 38(23):2392-2396.
陈红英.黄连化学成分的分离及其降糖活性研究[D].重庆:西南大学, 2012.
马自成,刘媚琪,曹雪晓,等.女贞子多糖配伍对异槲皮苷体外生物药剂学属性及体内药代动力学的影响[J].中华中医药杂志, 2025, 40(5):2424-2429.
赵晴,张智蕊,徐凤波,等.川芎、干姜和穿心莲提取物及其组合抑菌活性研究[J].植物保护, 2022, 48(5):149-157.
张振巍,张娜娜,李月梅.黄芩、黄连配伍前后的主要化学成分含量变化[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2012,18(24):58-62.
Zheng W, Sun G X, Chen J H, et al. Inhibitory effects of Coptidis Rhizoma on the intestinal absorption and metabolism of Scutellariae Radix[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2021, 270:113785.
Xiao J B, Muzashvili T S, Georgiev M I. Advances in the biotechnological glycosylation of valuable flavonoids[J].Biotechnol Adv, 2014, 32(6):1145-1156.
Xiao J B. Dietary flavonoid aglycones and their glycosides:Which show better biological significance?[J].Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2017, 57(9):1874-1905.
Xiao S W, Liu C, Chen M J, et al. Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma ameliorate glycolipid metabolism of type 2 diabetic rats by modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites[J]. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2020, 104(1):303-317.
刘王振祖,钱晓婧,张家祺,等.基于脂质组学研究黄芩-黄连药对的降脂作用[J].中国中药杂志, 2023,48(24):6711-6720.
崔祥,尚尔鑫,江曙,等.基于响应曲面法对黄芩-黄连配伍改善2型糖尿病糖脂代谢紊乱的相互作用研究[J].药学学报, 2018, 53(4):630-635.
陈梦婕,刘艺敏,周云,等.基于肠道菌群和代谢组学研究黄连素和黄芩苷配比对湿热内蕴型2型糖尿病粪菌移植小鼠的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2025,31(5):52-64.
刘素荣,张金艳,张新颖,等. 2型糖尿病肾病患者阴虚证与阳虚证肠道菌群差异性研究[J].中国病原生物学杂志, 2025, 20(6):729-733.
刘泓,梁晓辉,温小凤,等. 2型糖尿病患者不同中医证型与肠道菌群的关系研究[J].四川大学学报:医学版, 2025, 56(2):389-399.
韩聪,姜月华,李伟,等.基于16S rDNA测序技术探索黄芪-丹参药对干预自发性高血压大鼠肠道菌群的机制[J].中华中医药杂志, 2019, 34(5):2233-2237.
蒋里.基于壮火食气病机的黄连-人参“药对”对2型糖尿病肠道菌群影响的研究[D].北京:北京中医药大学, 2021.
Braga S S. Multi-target drugs active against leishmaniasis:A paradigm of drug repurposing[J]. Eur J Med Chem,2019, 183:111660.
Bianco M D C A D, Inacio Leite D, Silva Castelo Branco F, et al. The use of zidovudine pharmacophore in multitarget-directed ligands for AIDS therapy[J]. Molecules,2022, 27(23):8502-.
张翱.攻克难成药靶标:新药研发的新进展与新策略[J].药学进展, 2025, 49(8):585-588.
Nagpal R, Wang S H, Solberg Woods L C, et al.Comparative microbiome signatures and short-chain fatty acids in mouse, rat, non-human primate, and human feces[J]. Front Microbiol, 2018, 9:2897.
Atkinson S N, Dean C, Woyach V L, et al. Effect of highfat diet and lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v on the gut microbiome of adolescent and adult rats[J]. Obesities,2025, 5(1):17.
Nguyen T L A, Vieira-Silva S, Liston A, et al. How informative is the mouse for human gut microbiota research?[J]. Dis Model Mech, 2015, 8(1):1-16.
Martignoni M, Groothuis G M M, de Kanter R. Species differences between mouse, rat, dog, monkey and human CYP-mediated drug metabolism, inhibition and induction[J]. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol, 2006, 2(6):875-894.
Knight R, Callewaert C, Marotz C, et al. The microbiome and human biology[J]. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet,2017, 18:65-86.

2026年第57卷第7期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.026

接收时间：2025-11-01
首发时间：2026-09-09

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2025-11-01

基金

作者信息

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/CN/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.026

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT