Article(id=1304414960562495615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, issueId=1304414955046985824, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=0, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1762272000000, receivedDateStr=2025-11-05, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1788926361456, onlineDateStr=2026-09-09, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1788926361456, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1788926361456, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1788926361456, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1304414955046985824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, year='2026', volume='57', issue='7', pageStart='2445', pageEnd='2876', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1775923200000', pubDateStr='2026-04-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1788926360140, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1788926711174, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1304416427457409395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, issueId=1304414955046985824, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1304416427457409396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, issueId=1304414955046985824, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2523, endPage=2535, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1304414960877068417, articleId=1304414960562495615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, language=EN, title=Analysis of volatile components differences during fermentation process of Massa Medicata Fermentata based on electronic nose and GC-MS combined with relative odor activity value method, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=Objective To compare the composition and content differences of volatile components in Liushenqu (六神曲, Massa Medicata Fermentata , MMF) samples with different fermentation times, clarify the material basis of the unique aroma of MMF, and identify the key components that give it its main characteristic aroma. Methods Taking MMF fermented for different durations as the research object, and electronic nose was used to characterize its overall odor profile, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was combined to analyze the specific volatile components. Chemometrics was applied to screen the differential components at different fermentation stages, and the relative odor activity value (ROAV) was used to reveal the odor differences of MMF and the material basis for its odor formation. Results Based on the detection results of the W5S, W1W, and W2W sensors of the electronic nose, the fermentation process of MMF was clearly divided into three stages: T1—T4 (initial fermentation), T5—T8 (middle fermentation), and T9—T12 (late fermentation). A total of 120 volatile components were identified by GC-MS. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) confirmed that there were significant differences in the volatile components of MMF at different fermentation times. A total of 49 differential components were screened out according to the criteria of variable importance in projection (VIP) > 1 and P < 0.05. Combined with the relative odor activity value method, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was identified as the component contributing the most to the characteristic aroma of the main body. 2-Hexene, pentyl (9E )-octadec-9-enoate, 3,5-dihydroxy-1-nonadecylbenzene, and methyl 2-methoxy-5-hexadecenoate played important modifying roles in the characteristic aroma. Conclusion The differences in volatile components during the fermentation of MMF can be effectively analyzed by electronic nose, GC-MS, combined with the relative odor activity value method, which provides a scientific basis for the identification and quality evaluation of MMF., authors=XIAO Yanan, WANG Shuang, ZHANG Na, YIN Xiaoxue, SHI Haiyan, BAO Huayin, XU Nan, authorsList=XIAO Yanan, WANG Shuang, ZHANG Na, YIN Xiaoxue, SHI Haiyan, BAO Huayin, XU Nan, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1304414960793182336, articleId=1304414960562495615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, language=CN, title=基于电子鼻和GC-MS技术结合相对气味活度值法分析六神曲发酵过程中挥发性成分的差异, columnId=1304140189132149234, journalTitle=中草药, columnName=药剂与工艺, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=目的 比较不同发酵时间六神曲样品挥发性成分的组成和含量差异,阐明六神曲独特气味的物质基础以及明确赋予其主体特征香味的关键成分。方法 以不同发酵时间的六神曲为研究对象,采用电子鼻表征其整体气味轮廓,结合气相色谱-质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)技术分析具体挥发性成分;通过化学计量学筛选不同发酵时段的差异组分,借助相对气味活度值(relative odor activity value,ROAV)揭示六神曲气味差异及其气味形成的物质基础。结果 根据电子鼻W5S、W1W、W2W传感器检测结果,可将六神曲发酵过程明确划分为T1~T4(发酵初期)、T5~T8(发酵中期)、T9~T12(发酵后期)3个阶段。GC-MS技术共鉴定出120个挥发性成分。主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和正交最小偏二乘法-判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)证实,不同发酵时间六神曲的挥发性成分存在明显差异,以变量重要性投影(variable importance in projection,VIP)值>1且P <0.05为标准,筛选得到49个差异性成分。结合ROAV法确定对主体特征性香味贡献最大的成分为5-羟甲基糠醛;2-已烯、反式-9-十八烯酸戊酯、3,5-二羟基-1-十九烷基苯、2-甲氧基-5-十六碳烯酸甲酯对特征性香味具有重要修饰作用。结论 通过电子鼻技术、GC-MS技术结合ROAV法可较好地分析六神曲发酵过程中挥发性成分的差异,为六神曲的鉴定和质量评价提供科学依据。, authors=肖雅楠1,2 , 王爽3 , 张娜2 , 殷晓雪2 , 时海燕4 , 包华音1 , 徐男2,3 , authorsList=肖雅楠, 王爽, 张娜, 殷晓雪, 时海燕, 包华音, 徐男, authorCompany=1 山东中医药大学药学院, 山东 济南 250355; 2 山东省中医药研究院 中药制剂研究所, 山东 济南 250014; 3 齐鲁理工学院医学院, 山东 济南 250299; 4 山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)临床药学科, 山东 济南 250014, correspAuthors=包华音, authorNote=肖雅楠: 肖雅楠,女,硕士研究生,研究方向为中药资源学。E-mail:18365735532@163.com, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=cNeLtEHqqmVhid5CYg2WxQ==, pdfFileSize=2949703, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=国家中医药综合改革示范区中医药科技共建项目 (GZY-KJS-SD-2024-054); 山东省中医药科技面上项目 (M20242223); 山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程 (2022TSGC1057); 山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程 (2024TSGC0338); 济南市“新高校20条”引进创新团队项目 (202534034))}, authors=null, keywords=[Keyword(id=1304414961023869058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=六神曲), Keyword(id=1304414961099366531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=电子鼻), Keyword(id=1304414961174864004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=GC-MS), Keyword(id=1304414961262944389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=相对气味活度值), Keyword(id=1304414961330053254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=香气成分), Keyword(id=1304414961392967815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=发酵), Keyword(id=1304414961464270984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=7, keyword=挥发性成分), Keyword(id=1304414961539768457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=8, keyword=化学计量学), Keyword(id=1304414961598488714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=9, keyword=5-羟甲基糠醛), Keyword(id=1304414961678180491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=10, keyword=2-已烯), Keyword(id=1304414961741095052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=11, keyword=反式-9-十八烯酸戊酯), Keyword(id=1304414961808203917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=12, keyword=3,5-二羟基-1-十九烷基苯), Keyword(id=1304414961892089998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=CN, orderNo=13, keyword=2-甲氧基-5-十六碳烯酸甲酯), Keyword(id=1304414961984364687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Massa Medicata Fermentata ), Keyword(id=1304414962072445072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=electronic nose), Keyword(id=1304414962135359633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=GC-MS), Keyword(id=1304414962198274194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=relative odor activity value), Keyword(id=1304414962282160275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=aroma components), Keyword(id=1304414962382823572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=fermentation), Keyword(id=1304414962445738133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=7, keyword=volatile components), Keyword(id=1304414963691446422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=8, keyword=chemometrics), Keyword(id=1304414963792109719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=9, keyword=5-hydroxymethylfurfural), Keyword(id=1304414963892773016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=10, keyword=2-hexene), Keyword(id=1304414964266066073, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=11, keyword=pentyl (9E )-octadec-9-enoate), Keyword(id=1304414964337369242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=12, keyword=3,5-dihydroxy-1-nonadecylbenzene), Keyword(id=1304414964417061019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1302319053441957962, articleId=1304414960562495615, language=EN, orderNo=13, keyword=methyl 2-methoxy-5-hexadecenoate)], refs=null, funds=null, companyList=null, figs=null, attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1302309778002903112, delFlag=0, nameCn=中草药, nameEn=Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0253-2670, eissn=null, cn=12-1108/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=cGpSKCP11AF8PAOcTXYWfg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1788424446827, updatedTime=1788949289390, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=Z, firstLetterEn=Z, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=cGpSKCP11AF8PAOcTXYWfg==, picEn=Xw//kxUC3ON4eHxev0QLhQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304511127375863983, language=CN, name=中草药, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949289411, updatedTime=1788949289411, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.tiprpress.com/zcy/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.tiprpress.com/zcy/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.tiprpress.com/zcy/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304511127442972848, language=EN, name=Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788949289427, updatedTime=1788949289427, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.tiprpress.com/zcy/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.tiprpress.com/zcy/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.tiprpress.com/zcy/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1302319053441957962, websiteList=[Website(id=1302319176408912052, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1302319053441957962, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/CN, language=CN, createTime=1788426687576, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1788427346252, updateBy=18614031015, name=中草药-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=中草药, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1302322043651904087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1788427371180, updateTime=1788427371180, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322043593183828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1788427371166, updateTime=1788427371166, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322043672875610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1788427371185, updateTime=1788427371185, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322043584795219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/CN/file/pic?fileId=uiD1gpiRqR++OLOz4iKzDg==, createTime=1788427371164, updateTime=1788427371164, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322043689652828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1788427371189, updateTime=1788427371189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322043643515478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/CN/file/pic, createTime=1788427371178, updateTime=1788427371178, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322043681264219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1788427371187, updateTime=1788427371187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322043601572437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1788427371168, updateTime=1788427371168, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322043660292696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1788427371182, updateTime=1788427371182, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322043668681305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176408912052, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1788427371184, updateTime=1788427371184, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1302319176715096246, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1302319053441957962, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/EN, language=EN, createTime=1788426687649, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1788427341161, updateBy=18614031015, name=中草药-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1302322015206134340, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1788427364398, updateTime=1788427364398, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322015185162817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1788427364393, updateTime=1788427364393, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322015227105863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1788427364403, updateTime=1788427364403, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322015176774208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/EN/file/pic?fileId=uiD1gpiRqR++OLOz4iKzDg==, createTime=1788427364391, updateTime=1788427364391, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322015239688777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1788427364406, updateTime=1788427364406, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322015201940035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/EN/file/pic, createTime=1788427364397, updateTime=1788427364397, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322015235494472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1788427364405, updateTime=1788427364405, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322015193551426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1788427364395, updateTime=1788427364395, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322015214522949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1788427364400, updateTime=1788427364400, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1302322015218717254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1302319176715096246, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1788427364401, updateTime=1788427364401, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=中草药, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.tiprpress.com/zcy, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, journalPhotoCn=cGpSKCP11AF8PAOcTXYWfg==, journalPhotoEn=Xw//kxUC3ON4eHxev0QLhQ==, journalFirstLetter=Z, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/CN/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/EN/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/CN/PDF/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/EN/PDF/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=0, orderTime=1788926361456, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=甄权.药性论[M].北京:人民卫生出版社, 1956:12-15. 付婷婷,尹兴斌,蔡梦如,等.曲类中药的品种整理和标准现状分析[J].中国中药杂志, 2023, 48(10):2699-2712. 赵志君,杨莹莹,张璐,等.麸炒六神曲炮制工艺及质量标准研究[J].山西医科大学学报, 2024, 55(1):113-117. 庄肇朦.鞭毛蛋白调控IBS-D内脏敏感性的机制及六神曲的干预作用研究[D].杭州:浙江中医药大学,2024. 于大猛,周一奇,李惠芳,等.六神曲传统制作工艺考证[J].中国现代中药, 2021, 23(7):1288-1293. 殷娴,曹爽,郭慧敏,等.六神曲两步法发酵微生物群落结构及功能分析[J].中国酿造, 2023, 42(12):54-61. 丁海玲,时海燕,王爽,等.六神曲发酵过程中酶学性质与微生物群落变化相关性研究[J].中国医院药学杂志, 2024, 44(17):1980-1986. 殷娴,曹爽,郭慧敏,等.六神曲发酵过程挥发性风味成分的变化及中药组分缺失对其风味的影响[J].中国酿造, 2024, 43(1):222-229. 冯文豪,田亮玉,施钧瀚,等.电子鼻技术应用于川贝母真伪及规格辨识的可行性分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2021, 27(13):108-118. 代悦,于定荣,刘颖,等.基于智能感官分析技术探讨古代经典方法炮制过程中苦参的气味和味道变化规律[J].中国中药杂志, 2021, 46(24):6410-6416. 黄得栋,何微微,晋玲,等.基于电子鼻技术区分不同产地的南五味子[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2017,23(23):22-26. 刘万丽,高建梅,鲁道旺,等.基于GC-MS及主成分分析评价不同产地宽叶缬草挥发油成分差异[J].中药材, 2025, 48(6):1467-1472. 吴东源,林海生,陆大鹏,等.基于电子鼻、GC-IMS和GC-MS分析干燥方式对墨西哥湾扇贝挥发性成分的影响[J/OL].食品工业科技,(2025-10-17)[2026-02-25].https://doi.org/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025070209. 叶雨,康传志,张际昭,等.基于非靶向组学结合化学计量学方法分析新疆紫草差异成分[J].中国现代中药, 2025, 27(2):248-257. 李涵,王艳丽,范雪花,等.电子鼻技术应用于白及及其近似饮片快速辨识的可行性分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2023, 29(13):157-165. 肖庚鹏,廖丹丹,李桂生,等.气相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用油中角鲨烯和氧化角鲨烯及角鲨烯热稳定性评价[J].色谱, 2025, 43(7):815-822. Schiaffi V, Barras F, Bouveret E. Matching the β-oxidation gene repertoire with the wide diversity of fatty acids[J].Curr Opin Microbiol, 2024, 77:102402. Stergiou P Y, Foukis A, Filippou M, et al. Advances in lipase-catalyzed esterification reactions[J]. Biotechnol Adv, 2013, 31(8):1846-1859. Evans J L, Gealt M A. The sterols of growth and stationary phases of Aspergillus nidulans cultures[J]. J Gen Microbiol, 1985, 131(2):279-284. 雷茜茜.角鲨烯的抗氧化活性及其脂质体制备研究[D].海口:海南大学, 2013. Yaron S, Shachar D, Abramas L, et al. Effect of high β-palmitate content in infant formula on the intestinal microbiota of term infants[J]. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 2013, 56(4):376-381. Miyamoto J, Mizukure T, Park S B, et al. A gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid, ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier impairment partially via GPR40-MEK-ERK pathway[J].J Biol Chem, 2015, 290(5):2902-2918. 刘登勇,周光宏,徐幸莲.确定食品关键风味化合物的一种新方法:“ROAV”法[J].食品科学, 2008, 29(7):370-374. 孙宝国,陈海涛.食用调香术[M].第2版.北京:化学工业出版社, 2010:330. 刘登勇,赵志南,吴金城,等.基于SPME-GC-MS分析熏制材料对熏鸡腿挥发性风味物质的影响[J].食品科学, 2019, 40(24):220-227. 刘登勇,吴金城,王继业,等.沟帮子熏鸡主体风味成分分析[J].食品工业科技, 2018, 39(7):237-242. 沈菲,罗瑞明,丁丹,等.基于相对气味活度值法的新疆大盘鸡中主要挥发性风味物质分析[J].肉类研究,2020, 34(8):46-50. 齐英,曾元宁,王长福,等.六神曲的现代研究进展[J/OL].中华中医药学刊,(2025-09-12)[2026-02-25].https://link.cnki.net/urlid/21.1546.R.20250912.1255.012. 苑彬,金慧,骈琳,等.美拉德反应对食品品质与安全的影响及其产物检测研究进展[J].轻工学报, 2024,39(2):60-68. 刘月新,潘雪,邹茜,等.探讨5-羟甲基糠醛在中药及复方中的存在意义[J].中国现代药物应用, 2013,7(15):3-5. 傅紫琴,王明艳,蔡宝昌. 5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)在中药中的研究现状探讨[J].中华中医药学刊, 2008, 26(3):508-510. 冯元,周鹤庭,徐永江,等. 5-HMF对黄条鰤生长、肠道组织结构及生理特性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2024, 31(2):185-196. 赵玲,周臣清,朱婉清,等. 5-羟甲基糠醛的生物安全性和生物活性研究进展[J].食品工业科技, 2016,37(11):372-377.)
中草药
|药剂与工艺
2026
, 57
(7) :
2523
-2535
基于电子鼻和GC-MS技术结合相对气味活度值法分析六神曲发酵过程中挥发性成分的差异
全屏
肖雅楠1,2 , 王爽3 , 张娜2 , 殷晓雪2 , 时海燕4 , 包华音1 , 徐男2,3
作者信息
1 山东中医药大学药学院, 山东 济南 250355; 2 山东省中医药研究院 中药制剂研究所, 山东 济南 250014; 3 齐鲁理工学院医学院, 山东 济南 250299; 4 山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)临床药学科, 山东 济南 250014
通讯作者:
包华音
作者简介:
肖雅楠: 肖雅楠,女,硕士研究生,研究方向为中药资源学。E-mail:18365735532@163.com
Analysis of volatile components differences during fermentation process of Massa Medicata Fermentata based on electronic nose and GC-MS combined with relative odor activity value method
XIAO Yanan, WANG Shuang, ZHANG Na, YIN Xiaoxue, SHI Haiyan, BAO Huayin, XU Nan
Affiliations
doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009
文章导航
目的 比较不同发酵时间六神曲样品挥发性成分的组成和含量差异,阐明六神曲独特气味的物质基础以及明确赋予其主体特征香味的关键成分。方法 以不同发酵时间的六神曲为研究对象,采用电子鼻表征其整体气味轮廓,结合气相色谱-质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)技术分析具体挥发性成分;通过化学计量学筛选不同发酵时段的差异组分,借助相对气味活度值(relative odor activity value,ROAV)揭示六神曲气味差异及其气味形成的物质基础。结果 根据电子鼻W5S、W1W、W2W传感器检测结果,可将六神曲发酵过程明确划分为T1~T4(发酵初期)、T5~T8(发酵中期)、T9~T12(发酵后期)3个阶段。GC-MS技术共鉴定出120个挥发性成分。主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和正交最小偏二乘法-判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)证实,不同发酵时间六神曲的挥发性成分存在明显差异,以变量重要性投影(variable importance in projection,VIP)值>1且P <0.05为标准,筛选得到49个差异性成分。结合ROAV法确定对主体特征性香味贡献最大的成分为5-羟甲基糠醛;2-已烯、反式-9-十八烯酸戊酯、3,5-二羟基-1-十九烷基苯、2-甲氧基-5-十六碳烯酸甲酯对特征性香味具有重要修饰作用。结论 通过电子鼻技术、GC-MS技术结合ROAV法可较好地分析六神曲发酵过程中挥发性成分的差异,为六神曲的鉴定和质量评价提供科学依据。
六神曲
/
电子鼻
/
GC-MS
/
相对气味活度值
/
香气成分
/
发酵
/
挥发性成分
/
化学计量学
/
5-羟甲基糠醛
/
2-已烯
/
反式-9-十八烯酸戊酯
/
3,5-二羟基-1-十九烷基苯
/
2-甲氧基-5-十六碳烯酸甲酯
Objective To compare the composition and content differences of volatile components in Liushenqu (六神曲, Massa Medicata Fermentata , MMF) samples with different fermentation times, clarify the material basis of the unique aroma of MMF, and identify the key components that give it its main characteristic aroma. Methods Taking MMF fermented for different durations as the research object, and electronic nose was used to characterize its overall odor profile, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was combined to analyze the specific volatile components. Chemometrics was applied to screen the differential components at different fermentation stages, and the relative odor activity value (ROAV) was used to reveal the odor differences of MMF and the material basis for its odor formation. Results Based on the detection results of the W5S, W1W, and W2W sensors of the electronic nose, the fermentation process of MMF was clearly divided into three stages: T1—T4 (initial fermentation), T5—T8 (middle fermentation), and T9—T12 (late fermentation). A total of 120 volatile components were identified by GC-MS. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) confirmed that there were significant differences in the volatile components of MMF at different fermentation times. A total of 49 differential components were screened out according to the criteria of variable importance in projection (VIP) > 1 and P < 0.05. Combined with the relative odor activity value method, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was identified as the component contributing the most to the characteristic aroma of the main body. 2-Hexene, pentyl (9E )-octadec-9-enoate, 3,5-dihydroxy-1-nonadecylbenzene, and methyl 2-methoxy-5-hexadecenoate played important modifying roles in the characteristic aroma. Conclusion The differences in volatile components during the fermentation of MMF can be effectively analyzed by electronic nose, GC-MS, combined with the relative odor activity value method, which provides a scientific basis for the identification and quality evaluation of MMF.
Massa Medicata Fermentata
/
electronic nose
/
GC-MS
/
relative odor activity value
/
aroma components
/
fermentation
/
volatile components
/
chemometrics
/
5-hydroxymethylfurfural
/
2-hexene
/
pentyl (9E )-octadec-9-enoate
/
3,5-dihydroxy-1-nonadecylbenzene
/
methyl 2-methoxy-5-hexadecenoate
肖雅楠, 王爽, 张娜, 殷晓雪, 时海燕, 包华音, 徐男.
基于电子鼻和GC-MS技术结合相对气味活度值法分析六神曲发酵过程中挥发性成分的差异.
中草药,
2026
, 57
(7)
: 2523
-2535
.
DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009
XIAO Yanan, WANG Shuang, ZHANG Na, YIN Xiaoxue, SHI Haiyan, BAO Huayin, XU Nan.
Analysis of volatile components differences during fermentation process of Massa Medicata Fermentata based on electronic nose and GC-MS combined with relative odor activity value method[J].
Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs ,
2026
, 57
(7)
: 2523
-2535
.
DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009
国家中医药综合改革示范区中医药科技共建项目 (GZY-KJS-SD-2024-054); 山东省中医药科技面上项目 (M20242223); 山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程 (2022TSGC1057); 山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程 (2024TSGC0338); 济南市“新高校20条”引进创新团队项目 (202534034)
参考文献
引证文献
甄权.药性论[M].北京:人民卫生出版社, 1956:12-15. 付婷婷,尹兴斌,蔡梦如,等.曲类中药的品种整理和标准现状分析[J].中国中药杂志, 2023, 48(10):2699-2712. 赵志君,杨莹莹,张璐,等.麸炒六神曲炮制工艺及质量标准研究[J].山西医科大学学报, 2024, 55(1):113-117. 庄肇朦.鞭毛蛋白调控IBS-D内脏敏感性的机制及六神曲的干预作用研究[D].杭州:浙江中医药大学,2024. 于大猛,周一奇,李惠芳,等.六神曲传统制作工艺考证[J].中国现代中药, 2021, 23(7):1288-1293. 殷娴,曹爽,郭慧敏,等.六神曲两步法发酵微生物群落结构及功能分析[J].中国酿造, 2023, 42(12):54-61. 丁海玲,时海燕,王爽,等.六神曲发酵过程中酶学性质与微生物群落变化相关性研究[J].中国医院药学杂志, 2024, 44(17):1980-1986. 殷娴,曹爽,郭慧敏,等.六神曲发酵过程挥发性风味成分的变化及中药组分缺失对其风味的影响[J].中国酿造, 2024, 43(1):222-229. 冯文豪,田亮玉,施钧瀚,等.电子鼻技术应用于川贝母真伪及规格辨识的可行性分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2021, 27(13):108-118. 代悦,于定荣,刘颖,等.基于智能感官分析技术探讨古代经典方法炮制过程中苦参的气味和味道变化规律[J].中国中药杂志, 2021, 46(24):6410-6416. 黄得栋,何微微,晋玲,等.基于电子鼻技术区分不同产地的南五味子[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2017,23(23):22-26. 刘万丽,高建梅,鲁道旺,等.基于GC-MS及主成分分析评价不同产地宽叶缬草挥发油成分差异[J].中药材, 2025, 48(6):1467-1472. 吴东源,林海生,陆大鹏,等.基于电子鼻、GC-IMS和GC-MS分析干燥方式对墨西哥湾扇贝挥发性成分的影响[J/OL].食品工业科技,(2025-10-17)[2026-02-25].https://doi.org/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025070209. 叶雨,康传志,张际昭,等.基于非靶向组学结合化学计量学方法分析新疆紫草差异成分[J].中国现代中药, 2025, 27(2):248-257. 李涵,王艳丽,范雪花,等.电子鼻技术应用于白及及其近似饮片快速辨识的可行性分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2023, 29(13):157-165. 肖庚鹏,廖丹丹,李桂生,等.气相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用油中角鲨烯和氧化角鲨烯及角鲨烯热稳定性评价[J].色谱, 2025, 43(7):815-822. Schiaffi V, Barras F, Bouveret E. Matching the β-oxidation gene repertoire with the wide diversity of fatty acids[J].Curr Opin Microbiol, 2024, 77:102402. Stergiou P Y, Foukis A, Filippou M, et al. Advances in lipase-catalyzed esterification reactions[J]. Biotechnol Adv, 2013, 31(8):1846-1859. Evans J L, Gealt M A. The sterols of growth and stationary phases of Aspergillus nidulans cultures[J]. J Gen Microbiol, 1985, 131(2):279-284. 雷茜茜.角鲨烯的抗氧化活性及其脂质体制备研究[D].海口:海南大学, 2013. Yaron S, Shachar D, Abramas L, et al. Effect of high β-palmitate content in infant formula on the intestinal microbiota of term infants[J]. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 2013, 56(4):376-381. Miyamoto J, Mizukure T, Park S B, et al. A gut microbial metabolite of linoleic acid, 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid, ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier impairment partially via GPR40-MEK-ERK pathway[J].J Biol Chem, 2015, 290(5):2902-2918. 刘登勇,周光宏,徐幸莲.确定食品关键风味化合物的一种新方法:“ROAV”法[J].食品科学, 2008, 29(7):370-374. 孙宝国,陈海涛.食用调香术[M].第2版.北京:化学工业出版社, 2010:330. 刘登勇,赵志南,吴金城,等.基于SPME-GC-MS分析熏制材料对熏鸡腿挥发性风味物质的影响[J].食品科学, 2019, 40(24):220-227. 刘登勇,吴金城,王继业,等.沟帮子熏鸡主体风味成分分析[J].食品工业科技, 2018, 39(7):237-242. 沈菲,罗瑞明,丁丹,等.基于相对气味活度值法的新疆大盘鸡中主要挥发性风味物质分析[J].肉类研究,2020, 34(8):46-50. 齐英,曾元宁,王长福,等.六神曲的现代研究进展[J/OL].中华中医药学刊,(2025-09-12)[2026-02-25].https://link.cnki.net/urlid/21.1546.R.20250912.1255.012. 苑彬,金慧,骈琳,等.美拉德反应对食品品质与安全的影响及其产物检测研究进展[J].轻工学报, 2024,39(2):60-68. 刘月新,潘雪,邹茜,等.探讨5-羟甲基糠醛在中药及复方中的存在意义[J].中国现代药物应用, 2013,7(15):3-5. 傅紫琴,王明艳,蔡宝昌. 5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)在中药中的研究现状探讨[J].中华中医药学刊, 2008, 26(3):508-510. 冯元,周鹤庭,徐永江,等. 5-HMF对黄条鰤生长、肠道组织结构及生理特性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2024, 31(2):185-196. 赵玲,周臣清,朱婉清,等. 5-羟甲基糠醛的生物安全性和生物活性研究进展[J].食品工业科技, 2016,37(11):372-377.
2026年第57卷第7期
PDF下载
30
8
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009
接收时间:2025-11-05
首发时间:2026-09-09
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zcy/CN/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.009
复制链接
引用本文
BibTeX
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科 Family 属数 Number of genus 种数 Number of species 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) 属 Genus 种数 Number of species 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78 小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39 红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87 小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26 光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39 红菇属 Russula 17 8.13 栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏
BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT