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桔梗总皂苷肠道菌转化产物的化学成分及其抗药物性肝损伤活性研究

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中草药 | 化学成分 2026,57(7): 2445-2455

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中草药 |化学成分 2026 , 57 (7) : 2445 -2455

桔梗总皂苷肠道菌转化产物的化学成分及其抗药物性肝损伤活性研究

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彭昱¹, 钟渊涵¹, 万同林¹, 刘光鹏¹, 文丽云¹, 饶建波¹, 梁健¹, 秦倩¹, 张寿文¹, 钟国跃¹, 曾金祥¹, 梁永红²

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通讯作者:

曾金祥

作者简介:

彭昱: 彭昱,硕士研究生,研究方向为中药与民族药资源。E-mail:2660266234@qq.com

Chemical components of intestinal bacterial transformation products from total saponins of Platycodonis Radix and their anti-drug-induced liver injury activity

PENG Yu, ZHONG Yuanhan, WAN Tonglin, LIU Guangpeng, WEN Liyun, RAO Jianbo, LIANG Jian, QIN Qian, ZHANG Shouwen, ZHONG Guoyue, ZENG Jinxiang, LIANG Yonghong

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.001

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摘要

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目的研究桔梗总皂苷肠道菌转化产物的化学成分及其抗肝损伤活性。方法采用AB-8大孔吸附树脂、正相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和半制备高效液相色谱等柱色谱技术进行分离纯化，根据所分化合物理化性质及质谱、核磁共振波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。采用对乙酰氨基酚诱导AML12细胞肝损伤模型评价所分离化合物的抗肝损伤活性。结果从桔梗总皂苷肠道菌转化产物中分离得到16个化合物，分别鉴定为3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖氧基-2β,3β,16α,23-四羟基齐墩果烷-12-烯-28-酸-28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（1）、远志皂苷D（2）、3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基桔梗皂苷元（3）、桔梗皂苷D₃（4）、桔梗皂苷F（5）、桔梗皂苷D（6）、去芹糖桔梗皂苷D（7）、桔梗皂苷元B（8）、3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基远志酸（9）、雷叶木皂苷A（10）、亚油酸（11）、(6Z,9Z)-6,9-十六碳二烯酸（12）、亚油酸甘油酯（13）、(2S)-1-O-(9Z,12Z-十八烷二烯基)-3-O-β-半乳糖基甘油（14）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（15）、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯（16）。抗药物性肝损伤活性研究表明，化合物1～3、5～7、9、14能显著抑制对乙酰氨基酚诱导的AML12细胞上清液中丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶水平（P＜0.05、0.01）。结论从桔梗总皂苷肠道菌转化产物中成功分离并鉴定了16个化合物，其中化合物1为新化合物，命名为去芹糖木糖基远志皂苷D；化合物1～3、5～7、9、14表现出显著的抗药物性肝损伤活性，具有抗肝损伤潜力。

关键词

桔梗总皂苷 / 肠道菌 / 转化产物 / 药物性肝损伤 / 去芹糖木糖基远志皂苷D / 远志皂苷D / 桔梗皂苷D₃

Abstract

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Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the intestinal bacteria transformation products of total saponins from Platycodon grandiflorus and their anti-drug-induced liver injury activity. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography techniques including AB-8 macroporous resin, normal phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were identified based on physicochemical properties, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data. The anti-drug-induced liver injury activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated using an acetaminophen-induced AML12 cell hepatic injury model. Results A total of 16 compounds were isolated from the intestinal bacteria transformation products of total saponins from P. grandifloras and identified as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-2β,3β,16α,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside (1), polygalacin D (2), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl platycodigenin (3), platycodin D₃ (4), platycoside F (5), platycodin D (6), deapio-platycodin D (7), platycodonoid B (8), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl polygalacic acid (9), leiyemudanoside A (10), linoleic acid (11), (6Z,9Z)-6,9-hexadecadienoic acid (12), glyceryl linoleate (13), (2S)-1-O-(9Z,12Z-octadecandienyl)-3-O-β-galactosyl glycerol (14), dibutyl phthalate (15), and triallyl isocyanurate (16). Anti-drug-induced liver injury activity study showed that compounds 1—3, 5—7, 9, and 14 significantly inhibited the levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in acetaminophen-induced AML12 cell supernatants (P < 0.05,0.01). Conclusion A total of 16 compounds were successfully isolated and identified from the intestinal bacterial transformation products from total saponins of P. grandiflorus. Compound 1 is a new compound named des-apio-xylosyl polygalacin D. Compounds 1—3, 5—7, 9, and 14 exhibit significant anti-drug-induced liver injury activities, showing potential hepatoprotective effects.

Key words

total saponins of Platycodonis Radix / intestinal bacterial / transformation product / drug-induced liver injury / des-apio-xylosyl polygalacin D / polygalacin D / platycodin D₃

引用本文

彭昱, 钟渊涵, 万同林, 刘光鹏, 文丽云, 饶建波, 梁健, 秦倩, 张寿文, 钟国跃, 曾金祥, 梁永红. 桔梗总皂苷肠道菌转化产物的化学成分及其抗药物性肝损伤活性研究. 中草药, 2026 , 57 (7) : 2445 -2455 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.001

PENG Yu, ZHONG Yuanhan, WAN Tonglin, LIU Guangpeng, WEN Liyun, RAO Jianbo, LIANG Jian, QIN Qian, ZHANG Shouwen, ZHONG Guoyue, ZENG Jinxiang, LIANG Yonghong. Chemical components of intestinal bacterial transformation products from total saponins of Platycodonis Radix and their anti-drug-induced liver injury activity[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2026 , 57 (7) : 2445 -2455 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.001

基金

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国家自然科学基金项目 (82160736); 江西中医药大学科技创新团队项目 (CXTD22002)

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2026年第57卷第7期

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.07.001

接收时间：2026-01-13
首发时间：2026-09-09

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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