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基于黄芪多糖多维度药理作用应用于糖尿病肾病的机制及其剂型研究进展

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中草药 | 综述 2026,57(2): 721-728

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中草药 |综述 2026 , 57 (2) : 721 -728

基于黄芪多糖多维度药理作用应用于糖尿病肾病的机制及其剂型研究进展

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苏小宏¹, 林雪琪¹, 黎志栋¹, 李铭莹¹, 时军¹, 吴传斌², 朱春娥¹

作者信息

通讯作者:

朱春娥

作者简介:

苏小宏: 苏小宏，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为药物缓控释制剂。E-mail: suxiaohong2023@163.com

Research progress on mechanism and formulation of Astragalus polysaccharides in treatment of diabetic nephropathy based on its multi-dimensional pharmacological effects

SU Xiaohong, LIN Xueqi, LI Zhidong, LI Mingying, SHI Jun, WU Chuanbin, ZHU Chun'e

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.02.029

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糖尿病肾病（diabetic nephropathy，DN）是糖尿病最常见的并发症之一，最终可能导致终末期肾病。黄芪多糖是黄芪的主要有效成分，近年来被证实具有抗氧化应激、抗炎和免疫调节等功效。基于黄芪多糖可清除活性氧、调节腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶信号通路、抑制炎症因子释放、调节免疫应答等多维度药理作用，其可降低DN患者因氧化应激导致的肾损伤，减轻肾脏的炎症反应，并改善免疫微循环，最终保护患者的肾功能，延缓DN的进程。但黄芪多糖为酸性杂多糖及葡聚糖大分子混合物，其膜渗透性差，口服生物利用度低，所以临床应用受到了限制。通过基于黄芪多糖的多维度药理作用，综述黄芪多糖治疗DN的作用机制，并对黄芪多糖的剂型研究进行总结，为黄芪多糖用于DN提供参考和指导。

关键词

黄芪多糖 / 杂多糖 / 糖尿病肾病 / 抗氧化应激 / 剂型研究

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Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes, which may eventually lead to end-stage renal disease. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) are the main active components of Huangqi (Astragali Radix) and have been proven to possess multiple functions such as antioxidative stress, anti-inflammation and immunomodulation in recent years. Based on the multi-dimensional pharmacological effects of scavenging reactive oxygen species and regulating adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase signaling pathway, inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors, and regulating immune responses, APS can reduce the renal injury caused by oxidative stress in patients with DN, reduce the inflammatory response of the kidneys, improve the immune microcirculation, exhibit renal protective effects, and ultimately delay the progression of DN. However, APS are macromolecular mixtures by acidic heteropolysaccharides and dextran, with poor membrane permeability and low oral bioavailability, which limit their clinical application. This article reviews the mechanism of action of APS in treatment of DN based on their multi-dimensional pharmacological effects and summarizes the research on the formulations of APS, which provide reference and guidance for the application of APS in DN.

Key words

Astragalus polysaccharide / heteropolysaccharide / diabetic nephropathy / antioxidant stress / formulation research

引用本文

苏小宏, 林雪琪, 黎志栋, 李铭莹, 时军, 吴传斌, 朱春娥. 基于黄芪多糖多维度药理作用应用于糖尿病肾病的机制及其剂型研究进展. 中草药, 2026 , 57 (2) : 721 -728 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.02.029

SU Xiaohong, LIN Xueqi, LI Zhidong, LI Mingying, SHI Jun, WU Chuanbin, ZHU Chun'e. Research progress on mechanism and formulation of Astragalus polysaccharides in treatment of diabetic nephropathy based on its multi-dimensional pharmacological effects[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2026 , 57 (2) : 721 -728 . DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.02.029

基金

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国家自然科学基金青年基金项目 (82003665); 广东省学位与研究生教育改革研究项目 (2023JGXM_087)

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2026年第57卷第2期

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doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2026.02.029

接收时间：2025-09-17
首发时间：2026-09-09

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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