Article(id=1308842137882550838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308841897058198067, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2026-0232, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1772467200000, receivedDateStr=2026-03-03, revisedDate=1777392000000, revisedDateStr=2026-04-29, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789981882781, onlineDateStr=2026-09-21, pubDate=1783785600000, pubDateStr=2026-07-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789981882781, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789981882781, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789981882781, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308841897058198067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2026', volume='61', issue='7', pageStart='2377', pageEnd='2820', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1783785600000', pubDateStr='2026-07-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789981825365, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789984154811, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308851667525792021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308841897058198067, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308851667525792022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308841897058198067, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2784, endPage=2794, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308842138062905911, articleId=1308842137882550838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Comparative transcriptomic and volatile metabolomic analyses of two Lonicera japonica varieties, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Lonicera japonica is a well-known traditional medicinal plant in China, and its floral volatiles are also used in the food, cosmetic, and horticultural industries. The artificially bred variety "Jiu Feng 2" is widely cultivated as a raw material for herbal teas and health products. However, its aromatic profile and underlying biosynthetic basis remain poorly understood. Here, we performed comparative volatile metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of "Jiu Feng 2" and its parental variety "Da Mao Hua". Metabolomic analysis showed that terpenoids are the predominant volatiles in both varieties, and the golden flowers are the organs with the highest accumulation of volatile metabolites in both varieties. Comparative profiling of golden flowers identified 131 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs). β-Ocimene and α-farnesene were enriched in "Da Mao Hua", whereas α-terpinene and perillene were enriched in "Jiu Feng 2". These DAMs were mainly enriched in terpenoid-related secondary metabolic pathways, including monoterpenoid biosynthesis and sesquiterpenoid/triterpenoid biosynthesis. Transcriptome sequencing generated 268.61 Gb of high-quality data and identified 34 281 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In golden flowers, DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to terpenoid, aliphatic, and phenylpropanoid metabolism. Integrated analysis revealed that both DAMs and DEGs were significantly co-enriched in terpenoid biosynthetic pathways. Quantitative real-time PCR further confirmed that two terpene synthase (TPS) genes involved in β-ocimene and α-farnesene formation, LjTPS15 and LjTPS16, showed significantly lower expression in "Jiu Feng 2", consistent with the reduced accumulation of these volatiles. Collectively, this study reveals the major differences in aromatic compound accumulation and differentially expressed genes between two L. japonica varieties, laying the foundation for subsequent in-depth analysis of their molecular mechanism and providing a theoretical basis for breeding of L. japonica.

, authors=Meng-lan WANG1, Yan-fei LI1, Yuan-hao HUANG1, Tian-yi XIN1, Xiao FU3, Xiang-yun WEI4, Ting-jin SONG4, Fang PENG4, Wen-jie XU1, *, Jing-yuan SONG1, 2, *, authorsList=Meng-lan WANG, Yan-fei LI, Yuan-hao HUANG, Tian-yi XIN, Xiao FU, Xiang-yun WEI, Ting-jin SONG, Fang PENG, Wen-jie XU, Jing-yuan SONG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wen-jie XU, Jing-yuan SONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2026 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308842139367334468, articleId=1308842137882550838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=忍冬两个品种的转录组和芳香成分代谢组比较研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

忍冬(Lonicera japonica Thunb.) 是我国著名传统药用植物, 其芳香成分也在食品、日化与园艺等领域具有重要应用潜力。人工定向选育获得的忍冬新品种“九丰2号”作为花茶、金银花保健品原料被广泛种植, 但其芳香成分特征及生物合成机制尚缺乏研究。本研究以“九丰2号”及其亲本品种“大毛花”为材料开展挥发性代谢组与转录组比较分析。采用代谢组学技术揭示了萜类化合物为忍冬两个品种的主要芳香成分, 且金花为两个品种挥发性代谢物积累最丰富的器官。对两个品种金花进行比较代谢组学分析, 共检测到131种差异代谢物, 包括“大毛花”中的β-罗勒烯、α-法尼烯和“九丰2号”中的α-松油烯、紫苏烯等。差异代谢物主要富集于单萜生物合成、倍半萜和三萜生物合成等次生代谢通路。两个品种的转录组文库共获得268.61 Gb高质量数据, 鉴定出34 281个差异表达基因。其中, 金花的差异表达基因主要富集于与萜类、脂肪族及苯丙素类化合物合成相关的通路。转录组学与代谢组学联合分析表明, 忍冬差异芳香成分及差异表达基因均显著富集于萜类化合物生物合成通路。通过实时荧光定量PCR验证发现, 参与β-罗勒烯、α-法尼烯等物质合成的萜类合酶基因(LjTPS15与LjTPS16) 在两个品种金花中表达水平存在显著差异。其中, “九丰2号”中两个基因的表达量较低, 相应成分的含量也较少, 表明其表达水平下降与“九丰2号”中上述成分含量显著降低相关。本研究揭示忍冬两个品种的主要差异芳香成分和差异表达基因, 为后续深入解析其分子机制奠定基础, 也为忍冬育种提供理论依据。

, authors=王梦岚1, 李艳妃1, 黄远浩1, 辛天怡1, 付晓3, 魏祥芸4, 宋廷进4, 彭芳4, 许文杰1, *, 宋经元1, 2, *, authorsList=王梦岚, 李艳妃, 黄远浩, 辛天怡, 付晓, 魏祥芸, 宋廷进, 彭芳, 许文杰, 宋经元, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=许文杰, 宋经元, authorNote=

作者贡献:

王梦岚负责实验实施、数据分析及文章撰写; 李艳妃负责课题指导及文章修改; 黄远浩负责样品采集; 辛天怡负责文章修改; 付晓参与项目管理与样品收集; 魏祥芸参与样品采集; 宋廷进、彭芳参与忍冬种质资源圃种质资源收集、建立和监管; 许文杰负责样品采集、课题指导、数据分析及文章修改; 宋经元负责课题设计、课题指导及文章修改。

, correspAuthorsNote=
许文杰, E-mail:
宋经元, Tel: 86-10-65036055, E-mail:
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A: Six organs of L. japonica. (a) Organs of DMH; (b) Organs of JF2. B: Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) score plot of volatile metabolites in DMH and JF2. The X-axis and Y-axis represent the first and second components, respectively. The circles represent the samples of DMH, and triangles represent the samples of JF2. C: Classification and distribution of the metabolites in DMH and JF2. D: Number of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in each organ. Different colors respectively represent the up-regulated, down-regulated and total DAMs. L: Leaf; JB: Juvenile bud; GWB: Green-white bud; SF: Silver flower; SGF: Silver-golden flower; GF: Golden flower, figureFileSmall=ZijDVwoa+0ft1PbPHI5Bxg==, figureFileBig=vw3/l87MksMmFJwfzwlFhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842143486141072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=tX/TNAARddytbd8WtwEzSA==, figureFileBig=5w1e6usQjpPwCZtZ8t7XlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842143565832849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=CN, label=Fig.2, caption= Screening of DAMs in flowers of DMH and JF2. A: Volcano plot of DAMs in GF of two varieties. Each point represents a metabolite. Green and red points indicate significantly decreased and increased DAMs, respectively, whereas gray points denote metabolites without significant differences. Point size is proportional to the VIP value. B: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DAMs in GF. Point color denotes the adjusted P value, and point size reflects the number of DAMs enriched in each pathway. C: Heatmap showing terpenoid abundance in flower tissues of the two varieties. Red represents a high abundance of DAMs, and green represents a low abundance, figureFileSmall=tX/TNAARddytbd8WtwEzSA==, figureFileBig=5w1e6usQjpPwCZtZ8t7XlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842143632941714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=3t+sbXSu9IBC0BLGgKKhTg==, figureFileBig=6rh63DSYWzj1VRtELyugow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842143712633491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=CN, label=Fig.3, caption= Statistical analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across six organs of DMH and JF2. A: Number of DEGs in each organ. Different colors respectively represent the up-regulated, down-regulated and total DEGs. B: Venn diagram showing shared and organ-specific DEGs across the six organs, figureFileSmall=3t+sbXSu9IBC0BLGgKKhTg==, figureFileBig=6rh63DSYWzj1VRtELyugow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842143792325268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=MX2flsuum8gE6R+viA4d4g==, figureFileBig=TsmFOUO2YUSreSKbKVvwyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842143884599957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=CN, label=Fig.4, caption= Characterization of DEGs between GF of DMH and JF2. A: Volcano plot of the identified DEGs. Each point represents a DEG. Green and red points indicate significantly downregulated and upregulated DEGs, respectively, whereas gray points denote genes without significant differences. B: Heatmap of normalized fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads (FPKM) values of DEGs. Red represents high FPKM values of DEGs, and green represents low ones. C: Bar chart of DEGs enriched in different gene ontology (GO) classifications. Red represents the up-regulated genes, while green represents the down-regulated genes. D: KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs. Point color denotes the Q value, and point size reflects the number of DEGs enriched in each pathway, figureFileSmall=MX2flsuum8gE6R+viA4d4g==, figureFileBig=TsmFOUO2YUSreSKbKVvwyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842143951708822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=72iT5TXtChTbRgOJw1HhUg==, figureFileBig=muI1r4LSIrN83OF0Vt2XLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842144031400599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=CN, label=Fig.5, caption= Integrated volatile metabolome and transcriptome analysis of volatile organic compounds accumulation in GF of DMH and JF2. A: Correlation-based clustering heatmap of DEGs and DAMs. The rows and columns represent genes and metabolites, respectively, and metabolite categories are indicated by different colors. The color scale indicates the correlation coefficient between DEGs and DAMs: Red represents positive correlation, green represents negative correlation, and yellow represents no correlation. B: KEGG pathways co-enriched by DAMs and DEGs. Symbol color denotes the P value, and symbol size reflects the number of DEGs mapped to each pathway, figureFileSmall=72iT5TXtChTbRgOJw1HhUg==, figureFileBig=muI1r4LSIrN83OF0Vt2XLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842144111092376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=3ZQCVNOUVuCMXMq0V2TYgw==, figureFileBig=Qp5NttyCLjYZzaxnDyNB7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842144186589849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=CN, label=Fig.6, caption= Identification of six highly expressed LjTPS genes in flowers of DMH and JF2. A: Heatmap (color scale) showing LjTPS expression profiles based on transcriptome data. Red represents high gene FPKM values, and blue represents low ones. Pink stars mark LjTPS genes with relatively high FPKM values in flowers. B: Relative expression levels of candidate LjTPS genes related to volatile terpene biosynthesis in flowers of DMH (orange) and JF2 (green), figureFileSmall=3ZQCVNOUVuCMXMq0V2TYgw==, figureFileBig=Qp5NttyCLjYZzaxnDyNB7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308842144266281626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer IDForward primerReverse primer
LjTPS15, 16-qpcrCTTTGAGGACGAGACCCTATTGAGGCATCTCTATGGCATGATTTA
LjTPS27-qpcrCACACAGCTTGCTTCACTAATCCAGCATTGATGTCCCATCTTTC
LjTPS42-qpcrAGCGGAGATCTGCCAATTACGCTCTTCAGCTTCTCCTGTATG
LjTPS46-qpcrGCACTACATCCCGATTTACCACCTTCCACCACCTCGTTATTT
LjTPS47-qpcrGCACTACATCCCGATTTACCACCTTCCACCACCTCGTTATTT
LjActin-qpcrCGACTACGAGCAAGAACTTGACGAACCACCACTAAGCACAA
), ArticleFig(id=1308842144337584795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=CN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Primer sequences of LjTPSs for qRT-PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer IDForward primerReverse primer
LjTPS15, 16-qpcrCTTTGAGGACGAGACCCTATTGAGGCATCTCTATGGCATGATTTA
LjTPS27-qpcrCACACAGCTTGCTTCACTAATCCAGCATTGATGTCCCATCTTTC
LjTPS42-qpcrAGCGGAGATCTGCCAATTACGCTCTTCAGCTTCTCCTGTATG
LjTPS46-qpcrGCACTACATCCCGATTTACCACCTTCCACCACCTCGTTATTT
LjTPS47-qpcrGCACTACATCCCGATTTACCACCTTCCACCACCTCGTTATTT
LjActin-qpcrCGACTACGAGCAAGAACTTGACGAACCACCACTAAGCACAA
), ArticleFig(id=1308842144404693660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer IDForward primerReverse primer
LjTPS15, 16ATGGGTGTCACTGTTGCTTATGCTATTGTCCAACAATAGTTACGGGT
LjTPS42ATGGATTGTGCAAAAGGCAACTTAGTCGAGTACAAGAGGTTCC
), ArticleFig(id=1308842144467608221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308842137882550838, language=CN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Primer sequences of LjTPSs for PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Primer IDForward primerReverse primer
LjTPS15, 16ATGGGTGTCACTGTTGCTTATGCTATTGTCCAACAATAGTTACGGGT
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忍冬两个品种的转录组和芳香成分代谢组比较研究
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王梦岚 1 , 李艳妃 1 , 黄远浩 1 , 辛天怡 1 , 付晓 3 , 魏祥芸 4 , 宋廷进 4 , 彭芳 4 , 许文杰 1, * , 宋经元 1, 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2026,61(7): 2784-2794
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药学学报 |研究论文 2026 , 61 (7) : 2784 -2794
忍冬两个品种的转录组和芳香成分代谢组比较研究
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王梦岚1, 李艳妃1, 黄远浩1, 辛天怡1, 付晓3, 魏祥芸4, 宋廷进4, 彭芳4, 许文杰1, * , 宋经元1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院, 药用植物研究所, 天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
  • 2国家中医药管理局中药资源保护重点研究室, 中药资源教育部工程研究中心, 北京 100193
  • 3山东省金银花行业协会, 山东 临沂 273300
  • 4平邑县龙顶山农场有限公司, 山东 临沂 273300
通讯作者:
许文杰, E-mail:
宋经元, Tel: 86-10-65036055, E-mail:
作者简介:

作者贡献:

王梦岚负责实验实施、数据分析及文章撰写; 李艳妃负责课题指导及文章修改; 黄远浩负责样品采集; 辛天怡负责文章修改; 付晓参与项目管理与样品收集; 魏祥芸参与样品采集; 宋廷进、彭芳参与忍冬种质资源圃种质资源收集、建立和监管; 许文杰负责样品采集、课题指导、数据分析及文章修改; 宋经元负责课题设计、课题指导及文章修改。

Comparative transcriptomic and volatile metabolomic analyses of two Lonicera japonica varieties
Meng-lan WANG1, Yan-fei LI1, Yuan-hao HUANG1, Tian-yi XIN1, Xiao FU3, Xiang-yun WEI4, Ting-jin SONG4, Fang PENG4, Wen-jie XU1, * , Jing-yuan SONG1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
  • 3Shandong Honeysuckle Association, Linyi 273300, China
  • 4Pingyi County Longdingshan Farm Co., Ltd., Linyi 273300, China
出版时间: 2026-07-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2026-0232
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忍冬(Lonicera japonica Thunb.) 是我国著名传统药用植物, 其芳香成分也在食品、日化与园艺等领域具有重要应用潜力。人工定向选育获得的忍冬新品种“九丰2号”作为花茶、金银花保健品原料被广泛种植, 但其芳香成分特征及生物合成机制尚缺乏研究。本研究以“九丰2号”及其亲本品种“大毛花”为材料开展挥发性代谢组与转录组比较分析。采用代谢组学技术揭示了萜类化合物为忍冬两个品种的主要芳香成分, 且金花为两个品种挥发性代谢物积累最丰富的器官。对两个品种金花进行比较代谢组学分析, 共检测到131种差异代谢物, 包括“大毛花”中的β-罗勒烯、α-法尼烯和“九丰2号”中的α-松油烯、紫苏烯等。差异代谢物主要富集于单萜生物合成、倍半萜和三萜生物合成等次生代谢通路。两个品种的转录组文库共获得268.61 Gb高质量数据, 鉴定出34 281个差异表达基因。其中, 金花的差异表达基因主要富集于与萜类、脂肪族及苯丙素类化合物合成相关的通路。转录组学与代谢组学联合分析表明, 忍冬差异芳香成分及差异表达基因均显著富集于萜类化合物生物合成通路。通过实时荧光定量PCR验证发现, 参与β-罗勒烯、α-法尼烯等物质合成的萜类合酶基因(LjTPS15与LjTPS16) 在两个品种金花中表达水平存在显著差异。其中, “九丰2号”中两个基因的表达量较低, 相应成分的含量也较少, 表明其表达水平下降与“九丰2号”中上述成分含量显著降低相关。本研究揭示忍冬两个品种的主要差异芳香成分和差异表达基因, 为后续深入解析其分子机制奠定基础, 也为忍冬育种提供理论依据。

芳香成分  /  忍冬  /  转录组  /  代谢组  /  萜类合酶

Lonicera japonica is a well-known traditional medicinal plant in China, and its floral volatiles are also used in the food, cosmetic, and horticultural industries. The artificially bred variety "Jiu Feng 2" is widely cultivated as a raw material for herbal teas and health products. However, its aromatic profile and underlying biosynthetic basis remain poorly understood. Here, we performed comparative volatile metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of "Jiu Feng 2" and its parental variety "Da Mao Hua". Metabolomic analysis showed that terpenoids are the predominant volatiles in both varieties, and the golden flowers are the organs with the highest accumulation of volatile metabolites in both varieties. Comparative profiling of golden flowers identified 131 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs). β-Ocimene and α-farnesene were enriched in "Da Mao Hua", whereas α-terpinene and perillene were enriched in "Jiu Feng 2". These DAMs were mainly enriched in terpenoid-related secondary metabolic pathways, including monoterpenoid biosynthesis and sesquiterpenoid/triterpenoid biosynthesis. Transcriptome sequencing generated 268.61 Gb of high-quality data and identified 34 281 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In golden flowers, DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to terpenoid, aliphatic, and phenylpropanoid metabolism. Integrated analysis revealed that both DAMs and DEGs were significantly co-enriched in terpenoid biosynthetic pathways. Quantitative real-time PCR further confirmed that two terpene synthase (TPS) genes involved in β-ocimene and α-farnesene formation, LjTPS15 and LjTPS16, showed significantly lower expression in "Jiu Feng 2", consistent with the reduced accumulation of these volatiles. Collectively, this study reveals the major differences in aromatic compound accumulation and differentially expressed genes between two L. japonica varieties, laying the foundation for subsequent in-depth analysis of their molecular mechanism and providing a theoretical basis for breeding of L. japonica.

aromatic compound  /  Lonicera japonica  /  transcriptome  /  metabolome  /  terpene synthase
王梦岚, 李艳妃, 黄远浩, 辛天怡, 付晓, 魏祥芸, 宋廷进, 彭芳, 许文杰, 宋经元. 忍冬两个品种的转录组和芳香成分代谢组比较研究. 药学学报, 2026 , 61 (7) : 2784 -2794 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2026-0232
Meng-lan WANG, Yan-fei LI, Yuan-hao HUANG, Tian-yi XIN, Xiao FU, Xiang-yun WEI, Ting-jin SONG, Fang PENG, Wen-jie XU, Jing-yuan SONG. Comparative transcriptomic and volatile metabolomic analyses of two Lonicera japonica varieties[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2026 , 61 (7) : 2784 -2794 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2026-0232
植物芳香成分可吸引传粉者、提升授粉效率与繁殖成功率, 并增强植物对病虫害等胁迫的抗性, 在其进化与生态适应中发挥关键作用[1]。此外, 植物来源的芳香物质被广泛应用于食品、化妆品、日化及园艺等领域, 具有显著的经济价值。植物芳香成分主要包含3大类: 萜类化合物、苯丙烷类化合物和脂肪酸衍生物。其中, 萜类化合物最为丰富且结构多样, 主要包括单萜(C10) 与倍半萜(C15)[2]。植物单萜与倍半萜的生物合成途径已被阐明, 其前体牻牛儿基二磷酸(geranyl diphosphate, GPP) 和法尼基二磷酸(farnesyl diphosphate, FPP) 主要来源于两条异戊二烯代谢途径: 甲基赤藓醇磷酸(methylerythritol phosphate, MEP) 途径与甲羟戊酸(mevalonic acid, MVA) 途径, 随后由萜类合酶(terpene synthase, TPS) 进一步催化形成结构多样的单萜和倍半萜骨架[3]。因此, TPS是萜类芳香物质合成途径中的关键酶[4]。解析植物萜类芳香物质生物合成的分子机制, 对植物品种选育及芳香成分的合成生物学研究具有重要意义[5]。
忍冬(Lonicera japonica Thunb.) 为忍冬科半常绿藤本植物, 是我国广泛种植的药用植物之一[6]。除药用价值外, 忍冬亦因其独特芳香被应用于饮料、化妆品等产业, 兼具园林观赏价值[7]。课题组前期已在忍冬基因组中鉴定出52个TPS基因, 并按染色体位置依次命名为LjTPS1~LjTPS52。此外, 通过原核异源表达验证了在“大毛花”的花器官中显著高表达的6个LjTPS基因编码蛋白的催化功能: LjTPS15与LjTPS16均可催化GPP生成β-罗勒烯与别罗勒烯, 并可催化FPP生成α-法尼烯与(Z, E)-α-法尼烯; LjTPS27可生成单一产物芳樟醇; LjTPS46与LjTPS47均为多功能酶, 可生成单萜产物芳樟醇、D-柠檬烯和β-蒎烯, 并可生成倍半萜主产物δ-杜松烯以及依兰烯、α-古巴烯等8种副产物。LjTPS42异源表达蛋白未检测到催化GPP或FPP的活性。
气味芳香的忍冬新品种选育已成为研究热点。例如, Li等[8]比较“豫金2号”和“封金1号”的芳香成分差异, 发现萜类化合物、色氨酸及其衍生物及脂肪酸衍生物是“豫金2号”浓郁花香的主要组成成分。山东省平邑县九间棚农业科技园有限公司选育的忍冬改良型新品种“九丰2号”在花朵大小、产量、绿原酸含量及抗逆性等方面优于亲本品种“大毛花”, 展现出良好的应用前景[9]。然而, 该品种特异性芳香成分及其生物合成分子机制仍缺乏系统解析。本研究基于前期相关工作, 利用挥发性代谢组学解析“九丰2号”独特香气的组成, 并结合转录组数据筛选与其芳香成分生物合成相关的关键基因, 为后续品种选育工作奠定基础。
实验材料   实验样品于2023年5月24日采自山东省平邑县龙顶山农场有限公司(117.75°E, 35.31°N)。经山东中医药大学药学院周凤琴教授与中国医学科学院药用植物研究所林余霖研究员鉴定为忍冬(Lonicera japonica Thunb.) 品种“大毛花”及“九丰2号”。共采集6个组织器官, 包括叶片(leaf, L)、幼蕾(juvenile buds, JB)、二白期花蕾(green-white buds, GWB)、银花(silver flowers, SF)、金银花(silver-golden flowers, SGF)、金花(golden flowers, GF)。样品采集后立即经液氮速冻处理, 并保存于-80 ℃冰箱。
挥发性代谢物测定及数据分析   
挥发性成分萃取使用MM400型球磨仪(德国莱驰公司) 进行液氮研磨, 涡旋混合均匀, 称取样品粉末500 mg于顶空瓶中, 加入饱和氯化钠溶液20 μL (10 μg·mL-1) 作为内标溶液。将120 μm DVB/CWR/PDMS萃取头(美国安捷伦科技有限公司) 在250 ℃下老化5 min后, 在60 ℃下插入顶空瓶中萃取15 min, 于250 ℃下解析5 min, 然后进行气相色谱质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS) 分离鉴定。
GC-MS检测样品检测在8890-7000D型气相色谱-质谱联用仪(美国安捷伦科技有限公司) 进行。每个器官设置4个生物学重复。使用DB-5MS毛细管柱(30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm, 美国安捷伦科技有限公司)。以氦气为载气, 流速为1.2 mL·min-1, 进样口温度为250 ℃, 溶剂延迟3.5 min。程序升温起始温度为40 ℃, 保持3.5 min, 然后以10 ℃·min-1升至100 ℃, 再以7 ℃·min-1升至180 ℃, 最后以25 ℃·min-1升至280 ℃, 保持5 min。质谱检测器使用电子轰击离子源(electron ionization, EI), 电子电离能量70 eV, 扫描方式为选择离子检测模式(selected ion monitoring, SIM), 根据国家标准GB23200.8-2016进行定性定量离子精准扫描。
统计学分析通过MassHunter软件处理质谱分析后的下机原始数据, 用于定性定量分析。为了了解各样本组间总体代谢物差异和组内样本之间的变异度大小, 对数据进行UV (unit variance) 标准化处理后, 进行主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)。为了使组间区分最大化, 筛选差异代谢物, 使用正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis, OPLS-DA), 选择fold change ≥ 2和fold change ≤ 0.5, 且VIP > 1的代谢物为差异代谢物。将鉴定的差异性代谢物使用京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG) 数据库进行注释, 并映射到KEGG通路数据库中进行富集分析, 用P value确定其显著性。对代谢物定量数据做标准化处理, 使用R软件包Complex Heatmap生成热图并以行聚类。
转录组测序及数据分析    委托武汉迈维代谢生物科技股份有限公司(中国, 武汉) 对忍冬叶、幼蕾、二白期花蕾、银花、金银花和金花样品进行总RNA提取和转录组测序, 每个器官3个生物学重复。使用HISAT2软件将测序片段比对到忍冬参考基因组上(NGDC Accession: WHAAZE00000000), 使用featureCounts[10]对基因比对情况进行计算, 然后根据基因长度计算其每千碱基转录每百万映射读取片段值(fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads, FPKM)。使用DESeq2[11]软件筛选“大毛花”、“九丰2号”两个品种的差异表达基因。使用Benjamini-Hochberg方法校正P value, 得到错误发现率(false discovery rate, FDR)。差异表达基因筛选标准为|log2 fold change| ≥ 1且FDR < 0.05。对获得的差异表达基因进行基因本体(gene ontology, GO) 和KEGG富集分析。基于忍冬TPS基因的FPKM值使用TBtools Ⅱ[12]软件生成热图。
转录组、代谢组联合分析    基于所有样本中基因和代谢物的定量值, 使用R中的cor函数计算基因和代谢物的皮尔逊相关性系数, 使用R软件包psych绘制相关性热图。进一步结合转录组学与代谢组学的通路富集分析结果, 筛选两者共同富集的KEGG通路。
实时荧光定量PCR验证    使用PrimerQuest网站(https://sg.idtdna.com/Primerquest) 设计忍冬TPS基因的定量实时聚合酶链反应(quantitative real-time PCR analysis, qRT-PCR) 引物, 以忍冬LjActin基因为内参基因, 引物序列见表1。以忍冬“大毛花”、“九丰2号”两个品种的叶、幼蕾、二白期花蕾、银花、金银花和金花样本cDNA为模板, 使用FastSYBR Mixture试剂盒(江苏康为世纪股份有限公司) 与BioRad CFX96定量仪(Bio-Rad, 美国) 进行基因表达量检测, 反应体系总体积为20 μL: FastSYBR Mixture, 10 μL; Forward primer, 1 μL; Reverse primer, 1 μL; cDNA, 50~100 ng; RNase-free ddH2O补齐余下体系。反应程序为: 95 ℃, 1 min; 95 ℃, 15 s, 60 ℃, 45 s, 40个循环。每个器官设置两个生物学重复, 三个技术重复。以叶器官为对照组, 使用2-△△Ct方法进行LjTPS基因表达相对定量分析。
基因PCR扩增与测序    以“九丰2号”基因组DNA为模板, 对基因LjTPS15、LjTPS16和LjTPS42使用2× Phanta Flash Master Mix试剂盒(南京诺唯赞生物科技股份有限公司) 进行PCR扩增, 引物序列见表2。PCR扩增体系总体积为50 μL: 2× Phanta Flash Master Mix, 25 μL; 模板DNA, 10~500 ng; Forward primer, 2 μL; Reverse primer, 2 μL; RNase-free ddH2O补齐余下体系。反应程序为: 98 ℃, 30 s; 98 ℃, 10 s, 60 ℃, 5 s, 72 ℃, 40 s, 30个循环; 72 ℃, 1 min。PCR产物送至江苏康为世纪股份有限公司测序。测序结果使用SnapGene软件进行拼接。使用MEGA软件进行多序列比对, 并使用ESPript3.0网站(https://espript.ibcp.fr/ESPript/cgi-bin/ESPript.cgi) 进行序列比对结果可视化。
为表征“大毛花”和“九丰2号”的芳香成分差异, 采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, HS-SPME-GC-MS) 对两个品种6个器官(叶、幼蕾、二白期花蕾、银花、金银花和金花) 的挥发性成分进行定性、定量分析(图1A)。对GC-MS结果进行OPLS-DA分析, 所建立模型的R2X值为0.868, R2Y值为0.971, Q2值为0.937, 表明模型拟合良好且预测能力较强。OPLS-DA得分图(图1B) 显示, 两品种样本可被显著区分, 且分列于模型左右两侧, 表明其挥发性代谢谱存在显著差异。定性分析结果显示, 两品种共鉴定出679种挥发性代谢物, 主要包括萜类(24.59%)、酯类(19.15%)、杂环化合物(14.13%) 等(图1C), 其中萜类占比最高, 提示其可能是忍冬香气的重要组成。对两品种6个器官差异代谢物(differentially accumulated metabolites, DAMs) 分别进行筛选。结果(图1D) 显示, 与“大毛花”相比, “九丰2号”幼蕾中检测到117个DAMs (93个上调, 24个下调); 二白期花蕾中检测到94个DAMs (54个上调, 40个下调); 银花中检测到202个DAMs (174个上调, 28个下调); 金银花中检测到163个DAMs (115个上调, 48个下调); 金花中检测到131个DAMs (68个上调, 63个下调); 叶中检测到72个DAMs (37个上调, 35个下调)。
由于金花为“大毛花”与“九丰2号”中挥发性成分总体含量最高的器官, 因此选取该器官作为重点对象进行系统比较分析。“大毛花”金花中含量最高的三种成分依次为β-罗勒烯、乙酸芳樟酯与δ-杜松烯, 而“九丰2号”金花中含量最高的成分为6-甲苯酮、2, 6-二甲基-环己醇与芳樟醇。与“大毛花”相比, “九丰2号”有68个DAMs含量上调, 主要包括18种萜类, 9种酯类和8种杂环化合物; 63个DAMs含量下调, 主要包括19种酯类, 10种萜类和8种烃类(图2A)。对两品种DAMs进行KEGG通路富集分析, 以揭示其潜在代谢通路差异(图2B)。二者的DAMs主要富集在次级代谢相关通路, 包括单萜生物合成, 氰基氨基酸代谢, 倍半萜和三萜生物合成通路。以上结果均说明, 萜类成分是两品种金花中DAMs的重要组成。对两品种花器官(银花、金银花和金花) 中萜类挥发性代谢物的含量进行分层聚类分析, 结果显示存在多种差异显著的成分(图2C)。例如, “大毛花”中β-罗勒烯、α-法尼烯、(E)-β-法尼烯环氧化物及α-姜烯等成分含量显著升高, 这些成分具有甜香、草本香、柑橘香、辛香等风味; “九丰2号”中α-松油烯、β-月桂烯、紫苏烯、侧柏酮、α-松油醇等成分含量相对较高, 具有草本香、柠檬香、松木香、柏叶香等风味。两个品种的DAMs可能共同驱动其香气表型差异。
对“大毛花”、“九丰2号”两个品种的叶、幼蕾、二白期花蕾、银花、金银花和金花样本转录组测序数据进行质量评估。结果显示: 两品种测序原始数据过滤后共得到268.61 Gb Clean data, 各样本的Clean data均达到6.43 Gb以上, 测序错误率(error rate) 为0.03%, Q20和Q30碱基比例分别在97%和92%以上, GC含量在43.39%~45.12%之间。上述结果表明测序数据质量良好, 可支撑后续分析。
基于忍冬基因组注释信息, 对42 217个编码基因进行表达定量并获得FPKM值。差异表达分析表明, 两个品种各器官样品中共鉴定出34 281个差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs), 见图3A。与“大毛花”相比, “九丰2号”的幼蕾中检测到6 217个DEGs (3 117个表达上调, 3 100个表达下调), 二白期花蕾中检测到5 436个DEGs (2 982个表达上调, 2 454个表达下调), 银花中检测到5 375个DEGs (2 633个表达上调, 2 742个表达下调), 金银花中检测到5 600个DEGs (3 092个表达上调, 2 508个表达下调), 金花中检测到5 838个DEGs (3 020个表达上调, 2 818个表达下调), 叶中检测到5 761个DEGs (3 415个表达上调, 2 346个表达下调)。对6个比较组的共有DEGs进行分析(图3B), 结果显示, 6个比较组共有1 126个DEGs, 占总数的3.28%; 其中叶比较组的共有DEGs占比最高, 为6.04%。
为了深入解析两个品种差异芳香成分生物合成的遗传基础, 对两个品种金花的DEGs进行筛选(图4A)。分层聚类分析结果显示, DEGs可以被聚为两类(图4B), 提示两个品种金花具有特异性的基因表达模式。对筛选得到的DEGs进行GO功能富集分析(图4C)。结果显示, 在生物过程(biological process, BP) 中, DEGs主要富集于细胞过程、代谢过程、刺激响应及生物调控等; 在细胞组分(cellular component, CC) 中主要富集于细胞结构相关组分及蛋白质复合物等; 在分子功能(molecular function, MF) 中主要富集于催化活性、转运活性、转录调控相关活性及ATP依赖活性等。KEGG通路富集分析显示, DEGs分布于143条KEGG通路。图4D展示了富集显著程度最高的20条通路, 其中包括与萜类代谢相关的单萜生物合成通路和类胡萝卜素生物合成通路。此外, 其他与芳香物质合成相关的代谢通路也存在富集现象, 例如与脂肪族成分合成相关的α-亚麻酸代谢通路, 以及与苯丙素类成分合成相关的苯并噁嗪类化合物生物合成、花色素苷生物合成和芥子油苷生物合成等通路。上述结果表明, 两个品种在芳香物质合成相关代谢通路上的基因表达模式存在显著差异。
为筛选可能参与忍冬两个品种挥发性代谢物生物合成的候选基因, 对挥发性代谢组学与转录组学数据进行整合分析。基于两个品种金花样本挥发性代谢组与转录组数据的相关性分析, 筛选皮尔逊相关系数|r| > 0.8且P value < 0.05的DAMs及DEGs并绘制相关性聚类热图(图5A)。结果显示, DAMs与DEGs均可聚为两大类。DAMs主要包括萜类、酯类和杂环化合物, 且与多类DEGs呈强相关性。进一步基于KEGG数据库进行通路富集分析(图5B), 结果表明转录组学与代谢组学共同富集于多条植物次级代谢途径, 其中以萜类代谢相关通路最为突出, 包括单萜生物合成以及倍半萜和三萜生物合成通路。单萜生物合成通路富集了2个DAMs (月桂烯、2-甲基-6-亚甲基辛基-2, 7-二烯酮) 和22个DEGs; 倍半萜和三萜生物合成通路富集了2个DAMs (α-法尼烯、γ-红没药烯) 和11个DEGs。
提取“大毛花”和“九丰2号”6个器官中52个LjTPS基因的FPKM值, 并进行层次聚类分析(图6A)。热图结果显示, 在“大毛花”中, 基因LjTPS15、LjTPS16和LjTPS42在银花、金银花和金花中特异性高表达, LjTPS27、LjTPS46和LjTPS47除在花器官中高表达外, 在幼蕾和二白期花蕾中也保持较高表达水平。相比之下, 在“九丰2号”的花器官中, LjTPS15、LjTPS16和LjTPS42表达水平极低。为验证转录组表达量的准确性, 对上述6个LjTPS基因进行qRT-PCR分析。相对定量结果与转录组测序分析结果表达趋势一致, 表明转录组数据具有可靠性(图6B)。
为进一步解析LjTPS15、LjTPS16和LjTPS42在“九丰2号”中表达水平显著降低的原因, 以“九丰2号”基因组DNA为模板对这3个基因进行PCR扩增。对扩增产物测序并与“大毛花”中对应的编码序列(coding sequence, CDS) 进行比对。结果显示, “九丰2号”中LjTPS15、LjTPS16的CDS序列均可翻译为完整蛋白, 二者编码蛋白仅在第73位存在氨基酸差异, 而LjTPS42的CDS序列在第1 321位碱基发生C→T突变, 导致编码精氨酸的密码子CGA突变为终止密码子TGA, 从而引起翻译提前终止, 可能生成截短蛋白。综上, LjTPS15与LjTPS16的编码序列本身未发现导致蛋白截短的突变, 而LjTPS42的提前终止突变可能是其在“九丰2号”中表达缺失的原因。
芳香性状的改良有助于提升忍冬种质资源的开发与应用价值。本研究首次对忍冬选育品种“九丰2号”的芳香成分进行系统鉴定, 并与亲本品种“大毛花”对照, 明确两者挥发性成分的差异特征。结合转录组数据, 本研究进一步筛选两个品种的差异表达基因, 阐明关键萜类芳香成分合成与相关基因表达的关联, 为后续分子机制研究提供基础。
本研究建立了“大毛花”和“九丰2号”挥发性代谢物谱并进行比较。既往研究表明忍冬挥发性成分受品种背景与检测策略影响显著: Liu等[13]使用GC-MS鉴定出三个产区金银花的挥发性成分主要包括芳樟醇、肉豆蔻酸和α-亚麻酸甲酯等; Pu等[14]利用HS-SPME-GC-MS分析发现萜类、酯类和醛类为忍冬金花的主要挥发性成分; Su等[15]结合HS-SPME与香气提取物稀释分析(aroma extract dilution analysis, AEDA) 法鉴定出苯甲醛、4-乙基苯酚等关键芳香化合物。本研究结果表明, 两个品种挥发性谱系相近, 提示其具有类似的香气基调。然而, 两者仍存在若干差异代谢物, 例如“大毛花”中β-罗勒烯含量较高, 赋予其更为突出的甜香特征; 而“九丰2号”中紫苏烯含量显著升高, 可能与其木质香特征相关。“九丰2号”中α-松油烯、α-松油醇等成分含量也显著升高, 不仅赋予其独特的松木香气, 还具有抗虫活性, 可能有助于提升选育品种的抗胁迫能力[16]。差异代谢物在两个品种的银花、金银花和金花器官中均呈现含量递增, 表明挥发性代谢物在两个品种花器官成熟过程中定向积累。此外, 两个品种金花中的差异代谢物显著富集于单萜生物合成, 氰基氨基酸代谢, 倍半萜和三萜生物合成等KEGG通路中, 可能在植物中具有生态防御、抵御环境胁迫、调节植物体内氮元素的分配与利用等生物学功能[17, 18]。
在转录组层面, 两个品种存在广泛的差异表达, 且相关基因富集于萜类、脂肪族及苯丙素类等芳香相关代谢通路, 表明多条挥发物生物合成途径可能受到转录调控差异影响。本研究结合生物信息学分析与实验验证, 确定了3个显著差异表达的TPS基因: LjTPS15、LjTPS16和LjTPS42。酶功能研究表明LjTPS15与LjTPS16可催化β-罗勒烯与α-法尼烯的形成, 代谢组分析也支持功能验证结果。由于“九丰2号”中LjTPS15与LjTPS16的CDS均可翻译为完整蛋白, 其表达缺失可能源于转录调控层面的差异。已有研究表明, 植物挥发性萜类合成相关TPS基因通常受到bHLH/MYC、MYB、AP2/ERF及WRKY等多类转录因子的共同调控, 其启动子中常含有G-box/E-box、MYB识别位点及W-box等顺式作用元件, 可用于整合茉莉酸、赤霉素、乙烯及胁迫响应等多种信号[19-21]。后续可通过转录因子表达分析、启动子序列扩增与比较及DNA甲基化测序等实验, 进一步明确LjTPS15与LjTPS16在“九丰2号”中的表达调控机制。而LjTPS42虽在原核体系中未检测到对GPP或FPP的催化活性, 但其在“大毛花”花器官中呈显著高表达, 提示其可能在植物体内参与萜类挥发物形成, 仍需在植物体系(如烟草瞬时表达体系) 中进一步验证。在“九丰2号”中, LjTPS42发生提前终止突变, 可能导致截短蛋白产生并触发无义介导的mRNA降解(nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, NMD)。NMD可识别并降解含有提前终止密码子的异常mRNA, 从而避免无功能或潜在有害的截短蛋白在体内积累[22]。NMD在真核生物中普遍存在[23], 并参与植物病原防御、激素信号传导等过程的调控[24]。例如, Isshiki等[25]报道水稻waxy基因外显子突变引入提前终止密码子可触发NMD, 进而形成waxy突变型水稻。因此, LjTPS42在“九丰2号”中表达缺失可能与NMD现象有关, 后续可通过mRNA半衰期测定等实验加以验证。此外, 针对“九丰2号”中显著富集的紫苏烯、α-松油烯等特征香气成分, 后续可通过BLAST同源比对筛选其潜在的合成关键基因, 并利用异源表达系统进行酶学功能验证。
综上, “九丰2号”与“大毛花”之间差异萜类芳香成分的形成可能主要受转录调控层面驱动。该发现为进一步解析导致关键基因差异表达的调控元件及上游调控因子提供明确靶标, 可据此开发香味性状的分子选择指标。未来围绕LjTPS15、LjTPS16和LjTPS42等关键候选基因开展启动子序列比对与结构变异检测, 筛选与目标香气表型稳定关联的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP) 位点, 用于种质资源的早期筛选。本研究为香味忍冬的品种改良与定向选育提供理论依据, 并为深入阐明忍冬不同品种芳香物质形成的分子机制奠定基础。

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2026年第61卷第7期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2026-0232
  • 接收时间:2026-03-03
  • 首发时间:2026-09-21
  • 出版时间:2026-07-12
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  • 收稿日期:2026-03-03
  • 修回日期:2026-04-29
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    1中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院, 药用植物研究所, 天然药物活性物质与功能国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
    2国家中医药管理局中药资源保护重点研究室, 中药资源教育部工程研究中心, 北京 100193
    3山东省金银花行业协会, 山东 临沂 273300
    4平邑县龙顶山农场有限公司, 山东 临沂 273300

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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