Article(id=1308828716457882552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308828670878376007, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0984, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1755446400000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-18, revisedDate=1761494400000, revisedDateStr=2025-10-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789978682865, onlineDateStr=2026-09-21, pubDate=1773244800000, pubDateStr=2026-03-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789978682865, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789978682865, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789978682865, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308828670878376007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2026', volume='61', issue='3', pageStart='677', pageEnd='1000', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1773244800000', pubDateStr='2026-03-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789978671998, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789984247322, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308852055549248371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308828670878376007, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308852055549248372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308828670878376007, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=854, endPage=859, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308828716730512313, articleId=1308828716457882552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Two new glycosides and their anti-pneumonia activities of Ephedra intermedia, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A systematic study of the chemical constituents of the n-butanol extraction of Ephedra intermedia (E. intermedia) was carried out and 15 compounds were isolated using various column chromatography combinations with modern wave spectroscopy. Their structures were identified as (7R, 8S, 7′R, 8′S, 7″R, 8″S)-ephnan A (1), 4-methoxy garcimangosone D (2), garcimangosone D (3), (+)-syringaresinol (4), (+)-syringaresinol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), methyl benzoate-4-β-glucoside (6), 3-methoxy-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-benzoic acid methyl ester (7), methyl syringate 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), trans-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ferulic acid (9), 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-cinnamic acid (10), raspberry ketone O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), E-melilotoside (12), β-D-glucopyranosyl-benzoate (13), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 3-O-β-D-glucoside (14), 3, 5-dihydroxy-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl acetophenone (15). Compounds 1 and 2 were new compounds, compounds 6-9 and 13-15 were isolated from Ephedra for the first time. Compounds 7, 11-14 exhibited potential anti-pneumonia activity.

, authors=Ying NIU1, 2, Yan-ling LIU1, 2, Yan-gang CAO1, 2, Meng-die LUO1, 2, Xu CHEN1, 2, Hui CHEN1, 2, Xiao-ke ZHENG1, 2, 3, Wei-sheng FENG1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=Ying NIU, Yan-ling LIU, Yan-gang CAO, Meng-die LUO, Xu CHEN, Hui CHEN, Xiao-ke ZHENG, Wei-sheng FENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wei-sheng FENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2026 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308828719305814976, articleId=1308828716457882552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=中麻黄中2个新苷类化合物及其抗肺炎活性, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本文对中麻黄正丁醇部位化学成分进行系统的研究, 利用各种柱层析填料进行分离, 并结合现代波谱学手段对其结构进行鉴定, 得到15个单体化合物, 鉴定为(7R, 8S, 7′R, 8′S, 7″R, 8″S)-ephnan A (1)、4-methoxy garcimangosone D (2)、garcimangosone D (3)、(+)-丁香脂素(4)、(+)-丁香脂素-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、methyl benzoate-4-β-glucoside (6)、3-甲氧基-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基苯甲酸甲酯(7)、methyl syringate 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8)、反式-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基阿魏酸(9)、3, 5-二甲氧基-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖肉桂酸(10)、4-(2-丁酮)-苯基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)、E-melilotoside (12)、苯甲酸葡萄糖苷(13)、3, 4-二羟基苯甲酸3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(14)、3, 5-二羟基-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷苯乙酮(15)。其中化合物1和2为新化合物, 化合物6~9、13~15为首次从麻黄属中分离得到。化合物7、11~14具有潜在的抗肺炎活性。

, authors=牛莹1, 2, 刘晏灵1, 2, 曹彦刚1, 2, 罗梦蝶1, 2, 陈旭1, 2, 陈辉1, 2, 郑晓珂1, 2, 3, 冯卫生1, 2, 3, *, authorsList=牛莹, 刘晏灵, 曹彦刚, 罗梦蝶, 陈旭, 陈辉, 郑晓珂, 冯卫生, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=冯卫生, authorNote=

作者贡献:

牛莹为本文第一作者, 负责化合物的分离、鉴定和文章撰写; 罗梦蝶负责抗肺炎细胞活性筛选工作; 陈旭对提取分离和结构鉴定提供了一定帮助; 刘晏灵、曹彦刚副教授和陈辉教授对实验中遇到的问题给予指导并负责相关稿件的修改; 冯卫生教授和郑晓珂教授负责实验的整体设计与指导等工作。

, correspAuthorsNote=
冯卫生,Tel / Fax: 86-371-60190296, E-mail:
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Chin Pharm J (中国药学杂志), 2012, 47: 95-97., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1308834442135827226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308834442144215835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, companyId=1308834442135827226, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308834442152604444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, companyId=1308834442135827226, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1河南中医药大学药学院, 河南 郑州 450046)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308834442232296221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308834442244879134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, companyId=1308834442232296221, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2The Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308834442253267743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, companyId=1308834442232296221, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2河南省中药开发工程技术研究中心, 河南 郑州 450046)]), AuthorCompany(id=1308834442316182304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308834442324570913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, companyId=1308834442316182304, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry, Zhengzhou 450046, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308834442332959522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, companyId=1308834442316182304, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心, 河南 郑州 450046)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1308834446812476255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=JoxNXNT3OaHSI5T572vnGQ==, figureFileBig=shg2QN/y0T4Y7SgYLg4pqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308834446879585120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=CN, label=Fig.1, caption=Structures of compounds 1-15 isolated from Ephedra intermedia, figureFileSmall=JoxNXNT3OaHSI5T572vnGQ==, figureFileBig=shg2QN/y0T4Y7SgYLg4pqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308834446967665505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=n8CUH462hvwCriihpReN6w==, figureFileBig=JuIaGSYcJfry2OThdTcIiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308834448221762402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=CN, label=Fig.2, caption=Experimental and calculated ECD spectra of compound 1, figureFileSmall=n8CUH462hvwCriihpReN6w==, figureFileBig=JuIaGSYcJfry2OThdTcIiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308834448301454179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=7aFIX/yf4ekMWx0Ci6n+QQ==, figureFileBig=SEkFMgwRvDzLtmTdgHrPgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308834448364368740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=CN, label=Fig.3, caption=The key 1H-1H COSY and HMBC correlations of compounds 1 and 2, figureFileSmall=7aFIX/yf4ekMWx0Ci6n+QQ==, figureFileBig=SEkFMgwRvDzLtmTdgHrPgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308834448435671909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No.δCδHNo.δCδH
1139.03″150.5
2, 6104.36.65 (2H, s)4″147.2
3, 5154.65″117.67.09 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz)
4136.06″120.86.88 (1H, dd, J = 8.3, 1.4 Hz)
787.64.68 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz)7″73.84.90 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz)
855.53.10 (1H, s)8″87.14.25 (1H, m)
972.94.21 (1H, overlap)
3.86 (1H, overlap)
9″62.53.88 (1H, overlap)
3.52 (1H, dd, J = 12.0, 2.5 Hz)
1′133.11‴103.04.83 (1H, d, J = 7.1 Hz)
2′, 6′104.66.63 (2H, s)2‴75.03.36 (2H, d, J = 4.3 Hz)
3′, 5′149.43‴78.2
4′136.24‴71.43.44 (2H, t, J = 5.9 Hz)
7′87.24.72 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz)5‴77.9
8′55.73.10 (1H, s)6‴61.53.84 (1H, overlap)
3.65 (1H, dd, J = 12.4, 2.2 Hz)
9′72.94.21 (1H, overlap)
3.86 (1H, overlap)
3, 5-OCH356.83.79 (6H, s)
1″137.53′, 5′-OCH356.73.81 (6H, s)
2″112.47.02 (1H, d, J = 1.4 Hz)3″-OCH356.73.80 (3H, s)
), ArticleFig(id=1308834448532140902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=CN, label=Tab.1, caption=

The 1H NMR (500 MHz) and 13C NMR (125 MHz) data of compound 1 in CD3OD

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No.δCδHNo.δCδH
1139.03″150.5
2, 6104.36.65 (2H, s)4″147.2
3, 5154.65″117.67.09 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz)
4136.06″120.86.88 (1H, dd, J = 8.3, 1.4 Hz)
787.64.68 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz)7″73.84.90 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz)
855.53.10 (1H, s)8″87.14.25 (1H, m)
972.94.21 (1H, overlap)
3.86 (1H, overlap)
9″62.53.88 (1H, overlap)
3.52 (1H, dd, J = 12.0, 2.5 Hz)
1′133.11‴103.04.83 (1H, d, J = 7.1 Hz)
2′, 6′104.66.63 (2H, s)2‴75.03.36 (2H, d, J = 4.3 Hz)
3′, 5′149.43‴78.2
4′136.24‴71.43.44 (2H, t, J = 5.9 Hz)
7′87.24.72 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz)5‴77.9
8′55.73.10 (1H, s)6‴61.53.84 (1H, overlap)
3.65 (1H, dd, J = 12.4, 2.2 Hz)
9′72.94.21 (1H, overlap)
3.86 (1H, overlap)
3, 5-OCH356.83.79 (6H, s)
1″137.53′, 5′-OCH356.73.81 (6H, s)
2″112.47.02 (1H, d, J = 1.4 Hz)3″-OCH356.73.80 (3H, s)
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No.δCδHNo.δCδH
1110.63′, 5′129.17.44 (2H, t, J = 7.4 Hz)
2160.84′133.67.56 (1H, m)
396.76.21 (1H, s)1″102.14.88 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz)
4165.32″71.22.95 (1H, t, J = 8.2 Hz)
594.96.40 (1H, s)3″77.93.22 (1H, t, J = 9.3 Hz)
6159.24″74.63.38 (2H, overlap)
7199.05″78.3
1′141.06″62.63.86 (1H, d, J = 12.1 Hz)
3.65 (1H, dd, J = 12.1, 5.9 Hz)
2′, 6′130.37.75 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz)4-OCH356.03.84 (3H, s)
), ArticleFig(id=1308834448678941544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=CN, label=Tab.2, caption=

The 1H NMR (500 MHz) and 13C NMR (125 MHz) data of compound 2 in CD3OD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No.δCδHNo.δCδH
1110.63′, 5′129.17.44 (2H, t, J = 7.4 Hz)
2160.84′133.67.56 (1H, m)
396.76.21 (1H, s)1″102.14.88 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz)
4165.32″71.22.95 (1H, t, J = 8.2 Hz)
594.96.40 (1H, s)3″77.93.22 (1H, t, J = 9.3 Hz)
6159.24″74.63.38 (2H, overlap)
7199.05″78.3
1′141.06″62.63.86 (1H, d, J = 12.1 Hz)
3.65 (1H, dd, J = 12.1, 5.9 Hz)
2′, 6′130.37.75 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz)4-OCH356.03.84 (3H, s)
), ArticleFig(id=1308834448746050409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupCell viability
CON1.285 ± 0.025
Poly(I: C)1.000 ± 0.027##
10.992 ± 0.029
20.740 ± 0.026
31.010 ± 0.035
40.842 ± 0.044
50.946 ± 0.047
61.092 ± 0.015
71.325 ± 0.034**
81.007 ± 0.043
91.052 ± 0.042
100.985 ± 0.047
111.370 ± 0.022**
121.337 ± 0.009**
131.250 ± 0.018**
141.263 ± 0.035**
151.163 ± 0.027
), ArticleFig(id=1308834448829936490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308828716457882552, language=CN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Effects of compounds 1-15 on Poly (I: C)-induced injury of BEAS-2B cells. CON: Normal group; Poly (I: C): Model group (1 μg·mL-1); Compounds 1-15 (10 μmol·L-1). n = 4, $ \stackrel{-}{x} $ ± s. ##P < 0.01 vs CON; **P < 0.01 vs Poly(I: C)

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GroupCell viability
CON1.285 ± 0.025
Poly(I: C)1.000 ± 0.027##
10.992 ± 0.029
20.740 ± 0.026
31.010 ± 0.035
40.842 ± 0.044
50.946 ± 0.047
61.092 ± 0.015
71.325 ± 0.034**
81.007 ± 0.043
91.052 ± 0.042
100.985 ± 0.047
111.370 ± 0.022**
121.337 ± 0.009**
131.250 ± 0.018**
141.263 ± 0.035**
151.163 ± 0.027
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中麻黄中2个新苷类化合物及其抗肺炎活性
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牛莹 1, 2 , 刘晏灵 1, 2 , 曹彦刚 1, 2 , 罗梦蝶 1, 2 , 陈旭 1, 2 , 陈辉 1, 2 , 郑晓珂 1, 2, 3 , 冯卫生 1, 2, 3, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2026,61(3): 854-859
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药学学报 |研究论文 2026 , 61 (3) : 854 -859
中麻黄中2个新苷类化合物及其抗肺炎活性
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牛莹1, 2, 刘晏灵1, 2, 曹彦刚1, 2, 罗梦蝶1, 2, 陈旭1, 2, 陈辉1, 2, 郑晓珂1, 2, 3, 冯卫生1, 2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1河南中医药大学药学院, 河南 郑州 450046
  • 2河南省中药开发工程技术研究中心, 河南 郑州 450046
  • 3呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心, 河南 郑州 450046
通讯作者:
冯卫生,Tel / Fax: 86-371-60190296, E-mail:
作者简介:

作者贡献:

牛莹为本文第一作者, 负责化合物的分离、鉴定和文章撰写; 罗梦蝶负责抗肺炎细胞活性筛选工作; 陈旭对提取分离和结构鉴定提供了一定帮助; 刘晏灵、曹彦刚副教授和陈辉教授对实验中遇到的问题给予指导并负责相关稿件的修改; 冯卫生教授和郑晓珂教授负责实验的整体设计与指导等工作。

Two new glycosides and their anti-pneumonia activities of Ephedra intermedia
Ying NIU1, 2, Yan-ling LIU1, 2, Yan-gang CAO1, 2, Meng-die LUO1, 2, Xu CHEN1, 2, Hui CHEN1, 2, Xiao-ke ZHENG1, 2, 3, Wei-sheng FENG1, 2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
  • 2The Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
  • 3Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry, Zhengzhou 450046, China
出版时间: 2026-03-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0984
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本文对中麻黄正丁醇部位化学成分进行系统的研究, 利用各种柱层析填料进行分离, 并结合现代波谱学手段对其结构进行鉴定, 得到15个单体化合物, 鉴定为(7R, 8S, 7′R, 8′S, 7″R, 8″S)-ephnan A (1)、4-methoxy garcimangosone D (2)、garcimangosone D (3)、(+)-丁香脂素(4)、(+)-丁香脂素-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、methyl benzoate-4-β-glucoside (6)、3-甲氧基-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基苯甲酸甲酯(7)、methyl syringate 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8)、反式-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基阿魏酸(9)、3, 5-二甲氧基-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖肉桂酸(10)、4-(2-丁酮)-苯基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)、E-melilotoside (12)、苯甲酸葡萄糖苷(13)、3, 4-二羟基苯甲酸3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(14)、3, 5-二羟基-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷苯乙酮(15)。其中化合物1和2为新化合物, 化合物6~9、13~15为首次从麻黄属中分离得到。化合物7、11~14具有潜在的抗肺炎活性。

中麻黄  /  正丁醇部位  /  苷类  /  结构鉴定  /  抗肺炎活性

A systematic study of the chemical constituents of the n-butanol extraction of Ephedra intermedia (E. intermedia) was carried out and 15 compounds were isolated using various column chromatography combinations with modern wave spectroscopy. Their structures were identified as (7R, 8S, 7′R, 8′S, 7″R, 8″S)-ephnan A (1), 4-methoxy garcimangosone D (2), garcimangosone D (3), (+)-syringaresinol (4), (+)-syringaresinol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), methyl benzoate-4-β-glucoside (6), 3-methoxy-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-benzoic acid methyl ester (7), methyl syringate 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), trans-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ferulic acid (9), 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-cinnamic acid (10), raspberry ketone O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), E-melilotoside (12), β-D-glucopyranosyl-benzoate (13), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 3-O-β-D-glucoside (14), 3, 5-dihydroxy-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl acetophenone (15). Compounds 1 and 2 were new compounds, compounds 6-9 and 13-15 were isolated from Ephedra for the first time. Compounds 7, 11-14 exhibited potential anti-pneumonia activity.

Ephedra intermedia  /  n-butanol extraction  /  glycoside  /  structural identification  /  anti-pneumonia activity
牛莹, 刘晏灵, 曹彦刚, 罗梦蝶, 陈旭, 陈辉, 郑晓珂, 冯卫生. 中麻黄中2个新苷类化合物及其抗肺炎活性. 药学学报, 2026 , 61 (3) : 854 -859 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0984
Ying NIU, Yan-ling LIU, Yan-gang CAO, Meng-die LUO, Xu CHEN, Hui CHEN, Xiao-ke ZHENG, Wei-sheng FENG. Two new glycosides and their anti-pneumonia activities of Ephedra intermedia[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2026 , 61 (3) : 854 -859 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0984
麻黄来源于麻黄科植物草麻黄(Ephedra sinica Stapf.)、中麻黄(Ephedra intermedia Schrenk et C. A. Mey.) 或木贼麻黄(Ephedra equisetina Bge.) 的干燥草质茎[1]。其药用历史悠久, 始载于《神农本草经》, 列为中品, 麻黄作为临床常用中药, 具有发汗散寒、宣肺平喘、利水消肿的功效[2]。目前, 已从麻黄属植物中分离得到500多种化学成分, 主要涵盖生物碱类、木脂素类、黄酮类、酚酸类、鞣质类、多糖类[3-5]等。中麻黄作为三种药用麻黄之一, 对其化学成分的深入研究仍有待加强。为进一步完善中麻黄的化学成分信息, 本文对中麻黄正丁醇部位化学成分进行系统研究, 从中分离鉴定出15个化合物, 具体结构见图1。化合物1和2为两个新的苷类化合物, 化合物6~9、13~15为首次从麻黄属中分离得到。采用Poly(I: C) 诱导人正常肺上皮细胞(BEAS-2B) 损伤, 建立肺炎体外模型, 通过MTT法检测细胞活力, 结果显示, 化合物7、11~14在10 μmol·L-1的剂量下可显著改善Poly(I: C) 诱导BEAS-2B细胞损伤, 表明对肺细胞损伤具有一定的保护作用, 提示具有潜在的抗肺炎活性。
化合物1为淡黄色蜡状物, 根据HR-ESI-MS m/z 799.278 4 [M+Na]+ (C38H48O17Na计算值为799.278 4), 提示化合物的分子式为C38H48O17; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ -15.26 (c 0.084, CH3OH)。在1H NMR (CD3OD, 500 MHz) 谱中, 芳香区出现7个氢信号δH 7.09 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz, H-5″), 7.02 (1H, d, J = 1.4 Hz, H-2″), 6.88 (1H, dd, J = 8.3, 1.4 Hz, H-6″), 6.65 (2H, s, H-2, 6), 6.63 (2H, s, H-2′, 6′), 根据其峰的裂分和偶合常数确定存在一个1, 3, 4-三取代苯环和两个1, 3, 4, 5-四取代苯环; 此外δH 4.90 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz, H-7″), 4.72 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz, H-7′), 4.68 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz, H-7), 4.25 (1H, m, H-8″), 3.10 (2H, s, H-8, 8′) 为6个次甲基的氢信号; δH 4.21 (2H, overlap, H-9a, 9′a), 3.88 (1H, overlap, H-9″b), 3.86 (2H, overlap, H-9b, H-9′b), 3.52 (1H, dd, J = 12.0, 2.5 Hz, H-9″a) 为3个亚甲基氢信号; δH 3.81 (6H, s, 3′, 5′-OCH3), 3.80 (3H, s, 3″-OCH3), 3.79 (6H, s, 3, 5-OCH3) 为5个甲氧基氢信号; 在δH 4.83 (1H, d, J = 7.1 Hz, H-1‴) 以及δH 3.84~3.36共出现的7个氢信号推测该化合物存在一分子糖, 化合物1酸水解后的产物通过HPLC分析确定为D-葡萄糖, 并根据端基氢的偶合常数确定为β-构型。在13C NMR (CD3OD, 125 MHz) 谱中δC 139.0 (C-1), 104.3 (C-2, 6), 154.6 (C-3, 5), 136.0 (C-4), 133.1 (C-1′), 104.6 (C-2′, 6′), 149.4 (C-3′, 5′), 136.2 (C-4′), 137.5 (C-1″), 112.4 (C-2″), 150.5 (C-3″), 147.2 (C-4″), 117.6 (C-5″), 120.8 (C-6″) 为3个苯环上的碳信号; 结合DEPT 135图谱发现δC 87.6 (C-7), 87.2 (C-7′), 73.8 (C-7″), 55.5 (C-8), 55.7 (C-8′), 87.1 (C-8″) 为6个次甲基的碳信号; δC 72.9 (C-9′), 62.5 (C-9″), 72.9 (C-9) 为3个亚甲基的碳信号; δC 56.8 (3, 5-OCH3), 56.7 (3′, 5′, 3″-OCH3) 为5个甲氧基的碳信号; 剩下的六个碳信号δC 103.0 (C-1‴), 75.0 (C-2‴), 78.2 (C-3‴), 71.4 (C-4‴), 77.9 (C-5‴), 61.5 (C-6‴) 为葡萄糖上的碳信号。以上数据与化合物erythro-guaiacylglycerol-β-syringaresinol ether 4″-O-β- D-glucopyranoside[6]进行对比发现化合物1的数据与之相似, 氢谱数据略有偏差, 提示两个化合物平面结构相同, 但因构型不同导致化学位移有所变化。化合物1的ECD图谱数据表明, 在230~235 nm显示负Cotton效应, 属于8S、8′S类型[7], 且根据H-9和H-9′的化学位移差值(ΔδH-9a-H-9b = ΔδH-9′a-H-9′b = 0.35 ppm) 鉴定H-7和H-8为反式, H-7′和H-8′为反式[7], 故确定双环氧部分的绝对构型为(7R, 8S, 7′R, 8′S)。根据H-9″化学位移差值(ΔδH-9″a-H-9″b = 0.36 ppm) 判断其相对构型为赤式构型[8], 为了确定其绝对构型, 利用MMFF94力场, 通过GMMX软件搜索化合物的(7R, 8S, 7′R, 8′S, 7″S, 8″R) 的构象, 接着利用密度泛函理论(DFT) 在B3LYP/6-31G水平上对构象进行优化。采用TDDFT方法在B3LYP/6-311G(d, p) 水平(溶液选择: CH3OH) 上对Boltzmann分布大于1%的构象进行ECD计算, 最后使用SpecDis1.71版软件模拟ECD曲线。通过比较计算ECD与实验ECD图谱(图2), 确定C-7″和C-8″的绝对构型为(7″R, 8″S)。经检索后发现为新化合物, 命名为(7R, 8S, 7′R, 8′S, 7″R, 8″S)-ephnan A, 其数据归属如表1所示。
化合物2为黄色蜡状物, 根据HR-ESI-MS m/z 429.115 6 [M+Na]+ (C20H22O9Na计算值为429.115 6), 提示分子式为C20H22O9。在1H NMR (CD3OD, 500 MHz) 谱中, 芳香区出现δH 7.75 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz, H-2′, 6′), 7.56 (1H, m, H-4′), 7.44 (2H, t, J = 7.4 Hz, H-3′, 5′) 为一个单取代苯环氢信号; δH 6.40 (1H, s, H-5), 6.21 (1H, s, H-3) 为一个1, 3, 4, 5-四取代苯环氢信号; δH 3.84 (3H, s, 4-OCH3) 为一个甲氧基氢信号; 在δH 4.88 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz, H-1″) 以及δH 3.38~2.93共出现的7个氢信号推测该化合物存在一分子糖, 经酸水解后, 对其产物进行HPLC分析, 并结合其端基氢的偶合常数鉴定为β-D-葡萄糖。在13C NMR (CD3OD, 125 MHz) 谱中δC 199.0 (C-7) 为一个羰基的碳信号; δC 110.6 (C-1), 160.8 (C-2), 96.7 (C-3), 165.3 (C-4), 94.9 (C-5), 159.2 (C-6), 141.0 (C-1′), 130.3 (C-2′, 6′), 129.1 (C-3′, 5′), 133.6 (C-4′) 为两个苯环上的碳信号; δC 56.0 (4-OCH3) 为一个甲氧基的碳信号; 剩下的六个碳信号δC 102.1 (C-1″), 71.2 (C-2″), 77.9 (C-3″), 74.6 (C-4″), 78.3 (C-5″), 62.6 (C-6″) 为葡萄糖上的碳信号。由以上数据推测2为一个芳香苷类化合物, 并将数据与文献中的garcimangosone D[9]进行对比, 发现化合物2比garcimangosone D多了一个甲氧基信号, 通过HMBC图谱中δH 3.84与δC 165.3 (C-4) 的远程相关关系, 提示甲氧基连在C-4位上(图3)。经检索后发现为新化合物, 并命名为4-methoxy garcimangosone D, 其数据归属如表2所示。
本研究对化合物1~15进行了抗肺炎细胞活力筛选。采用Poly(I: C) 诱导BEAS-2B细胞损伤, 建立肺炎体外模型, 通过MTT法检测BEAS-2B细胞活力。结果如表3所示, CON表示正常组, Poly(I: C) 表示模型组(1 μg·mL-1), 筛选的化合物浓度均为10 μmol·L-1, 从结果可以看到, 与正常组相比, 模型组细胞活力显著降低(P < 0.01); 与模型组相比, 化合物7、11~14在10 μmol·L-1的浓度下可显著提高BEAS-2B细胞活力(P < 0.01), 提示具有潜在的抗肺炎活性。
本研究从中麻黄正丁醇部位分离鉴定出15个单体化合物, 其中新化合物为(7R, 8S, 7′R, 8′S, 7″R, 8″S)-ephnan A (1) 和4-methoxy garcimangosone D (2)。通过与文献报道的数据比较, 确定已知化合物为garcimangosone D (3)[9]、(+)-丁香脂素(4)[10]、(+)-丁香脂素-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)[11]、methyl benzoate-4-β- glucoside (6)[12]、3-甲氧基-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基苯甲酸甲酯(7)[13]、methyl syringate 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8)[14]、反式-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基阿魏酸(9)[15]、3, 5-二甲氧基-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖肉桂酸(10)[16]、4-(2-丁酮)-苯基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)[17]、E-melilotoside (12)[18]、苯甲酸葡萄糖苷(13)[19]、3, 4-二羟基苯甲酸3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(14)[20]、3, 5-二羟基-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷苯乙酮(15)[21], 首次从麻黄属植物中分离得到7个化合物(6~9、13~15)。抗肺炎细胞活性筛选结果显示, 化合物7、11~14可显著改善Poly(I: C) 诱导BEAS-2B细胞损伤, 提高BEAS-2B细胞活力, 提示具有潜在的抗肺炎活性。本研究丰富和完善了中麻黄的化学成分, 发现了具有潜在抗肺炎活性的单体化合物, 为中麻黄的进一步开发和利用奠定基础。
Thermo EVO300紫外分光光度计、Nicolet IS10红外光谱仪和Bruker maxis HD Q-TOF高分辨质谱仪(美国Thermo Scientific公司); AP-Ⅳ高分辨旋光仪(美国Rudolph公司); AVANCE Ⅲ 500核磁共振仪(德国Bruker公司); N-1000型旋转蒸发仪、NVP-2110型隔膜真空泵和CA-1111型冷冻水循环装置(上海爱朗仪器有限公司); LC52型高压制备液相色谱仪(赛谱锐思北京科技公司); TU-Ⅱ型暗箱式紫外透射仪(上海科哲公司); 色谱甲醇和色谱乙腈(美国天地有限公司); 分析纯试剂(天津富宇精细化工有限公司); Diaion HP-20和MCI gel CHP-20填料(日本三菱化学公司); YMC gel ODS-A-HG填料(日本YMC公司); Sephadex LH-20填料(美国Parmacia Biotech公司); Toyopearl HW-40填料(日本TOSOH公司); 柱层析硅胶H (青岛海洋化工厂)。
中麻黄(45 kg) 购买于新疆西域漠草中药材开发有限公司, 经河南中医药大学董诚明教授鉴定为中麻黄的干燥草质茎, 留样标本(No.20201111) 存放在河南省中药开发工程技术研究中心。
中麻黄草质茎(45.0 kg), 采用50%含水丙酮组织破碎提取2次, 浓缩得到总浸膏, 加水后依次用二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯及正丁醇进行萃取。将正丁醇萃取部位(1.3 kg) 上大孔吸附树脂Diaion HP-20柱, 用乙醇-水系统进行梯度洗脱(10%→95%乙醇), 得到9个洗脱部位Np.1~Np.9。
Np.3部位(163.0 g) 经ODS柱分离, 用含水甲醇系统进行梯度洗脱(5%→100%甲醇), 得到13个组分Np.3-1~Np.3-13。Np.3-2 (14.2 g) 采用硅胶柱进行分离, 用二氯甲烷-甲醇(250∶1→1∶1) 进行梯度洗脱, 得到9个组分Np.3-2-1~Np.3-2-9。Np.3-2-1 (1.3 g) 经Toyopearl HW-40C凝胶柱分离, 用50%含水甲醇洗脱, 得到8个组分Np.3-2-1-1~Np.3-2-1-8。Np.3-2-1-3 (216.2 mg) 经半制备液相(甲醇-水, 18∶82) 分离, 得到化合物3 (6.8 mg, tR = 18.0 min)、10 (4.8 mg, tR = 27.4 min) 和13 (35.1 mg, tR = 36.5 min)。Np.3-2-1-5 (89.7 mg) 经半制备液相(甲醇-水, 27∶73) 分离, 得到化合物6 (8.0 mg, tR = 19.9 min) 和7 (5.7 mg, tR = 28.7 min)。Np.3-2-4 (0.9 g) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱分离, 用50%和70%含水甲醇洗脱, 得到5个组分Np.3-2-4-1~Np.3-2-4-5。Np.3-2-4-2 (75.2 mg) 经半制备液相(乙腈-水, 29∶71) 分离, 得到化合物2 (5.4 mg, tR = 14.7 min)、8 (5.5 mg, tR = 24.4 min) 和9 (11.9 mg, tR = 31.3 min)。Np.3-5 (20.5 g) 采用硅胶柱进行分离, 用乙酸乙酯-甲醇(120∶1→1∶1) 进行梯度洗脱, 得到12个组分Np.3-5-1~Np.3-5-12。Np.3-5-6 (2.7 g) 经Toyopearl HW-40F凝胶柱分离, 依次用30%、50%和70%含水甲醇洗脱, 得到6个组分Np.3-5-6-1~Np.3-5-6-6。Np.3-5-6-5 (97.2 mg) 经半制备液相(乙腈-水, 27∶73) 分离, 得到化合物11 (6.1 mg, tR = 26.0 min) 和12 (9.4 mg, tR = 38.7 min)。Np.3-5-6-6 (156.3 mg) 经半制备液相(乙腈-水, 31∶69) 分离, 得到化合物14 (29.8 mg, tR = 24.3 min) 和15 (2.8 mg, tR = 41.1 min)。
Np.7部位(351.0 g) 经硅胶柱分离, 用二氯甲烷-甲醇(500∶1→1∶1) 进行梯度洗脱, 得到15个组分Np.7-1~Np.7-15。Np.7-2 (25.6 g) 采用ODS柱进行分离, 用含水甲醇进行梯度洗脱, 得到12个组分Np.7-2-1~Np.7-2-12。Np.7-2-3 (2.2 g) 经Toyopearl HW-40C凝胶柱分离, 用70%含水甲醇洗脱, 得到5个组分Np.7-2-3-1~Np.7-2-3-5。Np.7-2-3-3 (68.7 mg) 经半制备液相(甲醇-水, 76∶24) 分离, 得到化合物1 (4.2 mg, tR = 26.0 min)。Np.7-2-3-4 (172.8 mg) 经半制备液相(乙腈-水, 86∶14) 分离, 得到化合物4 (3.0 mg, tR = 27.0 min) 和5 (4.6 mg, tR = 32.5 min)。
酸水解方法与课题组之前研究[5]一致。通过与相同液相条件下的标准品D-葡萄糖(tR = 18.2 min) 的保留时间相对比, 确定化合物1和2中所含糖为D-葡萄糖。
化合物1: 淡黄色蜡状物。HR-ESI-MS m/z 799.278 4 [M+Na]+ (C38H48O17Na计算值为799.278 4); [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{20} $ -15.26 (c 0.084, CH3OH); UV (CH3OH) λmax 206, 273 nm; IR (iTR) νmax 3 421, 2 924, 1 674, 1 513, 1 462, 1 422, 1 222, 1 124, 1 073, 1 033 cm-1。1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 和13C NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD) 数据见表1。
化合物2: 黄色蜡状物。HR-ESI-MS m/z 429.115 6 [M+Na]+ (C20H22O9Na计算值为429.115 6); UV (CH3OH) λmax 206, 249, 295 nm; IR (iTR) νmax 3 360, 1 616, 1 598, 1 277, 1 203, 1 165, 1 141, 1 071, 1 025 cm-1。1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 和13C NMR (125 MHz, CD3OD) 数据见表2。
取液氮冻存的BEAS-2B细胞于37 ℃水浴锅融化至冰水共存状态, 立即离心5 min (转速1 200 r·min-1), 弃上清后将细胞转入含有10% FBS的DMEM高糖培养基的培养皿中(青、链霉素均为100 kU·L-1), 于含5% CO2的37 ℃恒温培养箱培养, 待细胞长至布满皿80%~90%进行传代。每24 h更换新鲜培养基。
将BEAS-2B细胞置于37 ℃、5% CO2培养箱中培养至对数生长期, 按照细胞密度为每毫升2×104个, 每孔200 μL接种于96孔板中, 24 h后分为正常组(CON)、模型组[Poly(I: C), 1 μg·mL-1] 及各给药组(10 μmol·L-1 + Poly(I: C), 1 μg·mL-1, 单体化合物经DMSO溶解后给药), 培养24 h后, 每孔加入MTT溶液(5 mg·mL-1) 20 μL, 继续培养4 h, 小心吸净培养液, 每孔加入150 μL DMSO, 振荡10 min使孔内蓝紫色结晶完全溶解。酶标仪490 nm测定各孔吸光度(OD) 值, 计算细胞活力。

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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0984
  • 接收时间:2025-08-18
  • 首发时间:2026-09-21
  • 出版时间:2026-03-12
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-18
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    1河南中医药大学药学院, 河南 郑州 450046
    2河南省中药开发工程技术研究中心, 河南 郑州 450046
    3呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心, 河南 郑州 450046

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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