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Article(id=1308817706208555087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308817633789698171, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1218, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1760371200000, receivedDateStr=2025-10-14, revisedDate=1763654400000, revisedDateStr=2025-11-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789976057817, onlineDateStr=2026-09-21, pubDate=1770825600000, pubDateStr=2026-02-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789976057817, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789976057817, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789976057817, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308817633789698171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2026', volume='61', issue='2', pageStart='321', pageEnd='676', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1770825600000', pubDateStr='2026-02-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789976040551, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789984264575, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308852127921963901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308817633789698171, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308852127921963902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308817633789698171, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=542, endPage=546, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308817706430853200, articleId=1308817706208555087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=A new diterpenoid from Salvia hispanica L. with lipid-lowering activity, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Employing modern chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, gel chromatography, and semi-preparative liquid chromatography, the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Salvia hispanica L. were isolated and purified. The structures of the obtained compounds were elucidated by means of contemporary spectroscopic methods. Three neo-clerodane diterpenoids were isolated and identified as 10-deoxyhispanin J (1), ent-(5R, 9R)-15, 16-epoxy-10S-hydroxycleroda-3, 13(16), 14-triene-17, 12S; 18, 19-diolide (2), and dehydrokerlin (3). Among them, compound 1 was a new diterpenoid, and compounds 2 and 3 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The lipid-lowering activity of compound 1 was evaluated in vitro using an oleic acid-induced high-lipid model in HL7702 cells. The results demonstrated that, compared with the positive control curcumin, compound 1 inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation and reduced triglyceride levels, indicating its potential as a lipid-lowering agent.

, authors=Yi-jiao LU, Shi-wei LI, Min FAN*, authorsList=Yi-jiao LU, Shi-wei LI, Min FAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Min FAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2026 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308817709043904601, articleId=1308817706208555087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=芡欧鼠尾草中一个新的二萜化合物及其降脂活性, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶色谱以及半制备液相色谱等现代色谱分离技术, 对芡欧鼠尾草(Salvia hispanica L.) 地上部分的化学成分进行系统分离与纯化, 并通过现代波谱学方法对化合物进行结构鉴定。共分离得到3个二萜类化合物, 分别鉴定为10-deoxyhispanin J (1)、ent-(5R, 9R)-15, 16-epoxy-10S-hydroxycleroda-3, 13(16), 14-triene-17, 12S; 18, 19-diolide (2) 和dehydrokerlin (3)。其中, 化合物1为一个新二萜化合物, 其绝对构型通过单晶衍射得以证实。化合物2和3为首次从该植物中分离得到。采用油酸诱导的HL7702细胞建立了高脂细胞模型, 评价了化合物1的体外降脂活性。结果显示, 与阳性对照姜黄素相比, 化合物1能够抑制细胞内的脂质积累, 并降低细胞内甘油三酯含量, 表现出潜在的降脂活性。

, authors=鲁亦娇, 李时伟, 范敏*, authorsList=鲁亦娇, 李时伟, 范敏, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=范敏, authorNote=

作者贡献:

鲁亦娇负责化合物的分离纯化、波谱数据解析与论文初稿撰写; 李时伟负责研究工作的指导、论文修改与审定; 范敏负责整个实验的设计与构思、提供关键性写作建议、全面修改论文并最终完成定稿。

, correspAuthorsNote=
范敏, E-mail:
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articleId=1308817706208555087, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=二萜), Keyword(id=1308817955614450196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308817706208555087, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=降脂活性)], refs=[Reference(id=1308817956658831903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308817706208555087, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Amtaghri S, Eddouks M. 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The cells were divided into the following groups: the control group, the model group, the curcumin (50 μmol·L-1) group, and the compound 1 (5, 25, 50, 100 μmol·L-1) groups. n = 3, x̅ ± s. ##P < 0.01 vs control group; **P < 0.01 vs model group, figureFileSmall=QBZdRsnnxytNkD+RCcDByQ==, figureFileBig=L6hqzW/TwHAisJtdC3LSbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308817956402979357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308817706208555087, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
PositionδHδCPositionδHδC
1a1.73 (m)19.8101.87 (d, 11.9)46.5
1b1.27 (m)11a2.46 (dd, 14.9, 12.9)35.6
2a2.52 (m)27.411b1.97 (dd, 14.9, 3.2)
2b2.28 (m)125.25 (dd, 12.9, 3.2)71.1
36.80 (dd, 7.2, 1.0)135.713124.4
4137.6146.47 (s)108.5
544.6157.44 (br s)143.9
6a2.03 (dt, 13.9, 3.8)31.7167.50 (s)139.9
6b1.31 (m)17172.8
7a2.61 (dt, 13.3, 3.8)29.218168.4
7b1.92 (dd, 13.3, 4.4)19a4.42 (d, 8.1)71.5
876.319b4.00 (dd, 8.1, 1.5)
939.5200.94 (s)18.2
), ArticleFig(id=1308817956486865438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308817706208555087, language=CN, label=Tab.1, caption=

1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) and 13C NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) data of compound 1

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
PositionδHδCPositionδHδC
1a1.73 (m)19.8101.87 (d, 11.9)46.5
1b1.27 (m)11a2.46 (dd, 14.9, 12.9)35.6
2a2.52 (m)27.411b1.97 (dd, 14.9, 3.2)
2b2.28 (m)125.25 (dd, 12.9, 3.2)71.1
36.80 (dd, 7.2, 1.0)135.713124.4
4137.6146.47 (s)108.5
544.6157.44 (br s)143.9
6a2.03 (dt, 13.9, 3.8)31.7167.50 (s)139.9
6b1.31 (m)17172.8
7a2.61 (dt, 13.3, 3.8)29.218168.4
7b1.92 (dd, 13.3, 4.4)19a4.42 (d, 8.1)71.5
876.319b4.00 (dd, 8.1, 1.5)
939.5200.94 (s)18.2
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芡欧鼠尾草中一个新的二萜化合物及其降脂活性
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鲁亦娇 , 李时伟 , 范敏 *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2026,61(2): 542-546
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药学学报 |研究论文 2026 , 61 (2) : 542 -546
芡欧鼠尾草中一个新的二萜化合物及其降脂活性
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鲁亦娇, 李时伟, 范敏*
作者信息
  • 大理大学药学院, 云南 大理 671000
通讯作者:
范敏, E-mail:
作者简介:

作者贡献:

鲁亦娇负责化合物的分离纯化、波谱数据解析与论文初稿撰写; 李时伟负责研究工作的指导、论文修改与审定; 范敏负责整个实验的设计与构思、提供关键性写作建议、全面修改论文并最终完成定稿。

A new diterpenoid from Salvia hispanica L. with lipid-lowering activity
Yi-jiao LU, Shi-wei LI, Min FAN*
Affiliations
  • College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
出版时间: 2026-02-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1218
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摘要
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采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶色谱以及半制备液相色谱等现代色谱分离技术, 对芡欧鼠尾草(Salvia hispanica L.) 地上部分的化学成分进行系统分离与纯化, 并通过现代波谱学方法对化合物进行结构鉴定。共分离得到3个二萜类化合物, 分别鉴定为10-deoxyhispanin J (1)、ent-(5R, 9R)-15, 16-epoxy-10S-hydroxycleroda-3, 13(16), 14-triene-17, 12S; 18, 19-diolide (2) 和dehydrokerlin (3)。其中, 化合物1为一个新二萜化合物, 其绝对构型通过单晶衍射得以证实。化合物2和3为首次从该植物中分离得到。采用油酸诱导的HL7702细胞建立了高脂细胞模型, 评价了化合物1的体外降脂活性。结果显示, 与阳性对照姜黄素相比, 化合物1能够抑制细胞内的脂质积累, 并降低细胞内甘油三酯含量, 表现出潜在的降脂活性。

芡欧鼠尾草  /  化学成分  /  二萜  /  降脂活性

Employing modern chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, gel chromatography, and semi-preparative liquid chromatography, the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Salvia hispanica L. were isolated and purified. The structures of the obtained compounds were elucidated by means of contemporary spectroscopic methods. Three neo-clerodane diterpenoids were isolated and identified as 10-deoxyhispanin J (1), ent-(5R, 9R)-15, 16-epoxy-10S-hydroxycleroda-3, 13(16), 14-triene-17, 12S; 18, 19-diolide (2), and dehydrokerlin (3). Among them, compound 1 was a new diterpenoid, and compounds 2 and 3 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The lipid-lowering activity of compound 1 was evaluated in vitro using an oleic acid-induced high-lipid model in HL7702 cells. The results demonstrated that, compared with the positive control curcumin, compound 1 inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation and reduced triglyceride levels, indicating its potential as a lipid-lowering agent.

Salvia hispanica L.  /  chemical composition  /  diterpenoid  /  lipid-lowering activity
鲁亦娇, 李时伟, 范敏. 芡欧鼠尾草中一个新的二萜化合物及其降脂活性. 药学学报, 2026 , 61 (2) : 542 -546 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1218
Yi-jiao LU, Shi-wei LI, Min FAN. A new diterpenoid from Salvia hispanica L. with lipid-lowering activity[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2026 , 61 (2) : 542 -546 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1218
正文
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芡欧鼠尾草(Salvia hispanica L.) 是唇形科鼠尾草属一年生草本植物, 原产于墨西哥南部和危地马拉北部地区。其种子即为奇亚籽, 具有悠久的食用和药用历史[1]。奇亚籽的安全性已获美国食品药品监督管理局认可, 并作为面包添加剂成分得到欧盟立法的正式确认[2]。我国也于2014年批准奇亚籽为新食品原料。研究表明, 奇亚籽富含蛋白质、矿物质、维生素、ω-3系列多不饱和脂肪酸以及多种抗氧化成分[3], 具有维持血脂正常、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、改善糖尿病症状及预防心血管疾病等多种生理功能[4], 因而在医药保健、食品加工和化妆品等领域得到广泛应用[5]。
尽管国内外对奇亚籽的研究已较为系统和深入, 但通过文献检索发现, 目前关于芡欧鼠尾草地上部分化学成分的研究仍较少。除本课题组前期从中分离得到的20个新克罗烷型二萜及15个已知化合物外[6-10], 未见其他相关报道。部分化合物显示出良好的降血糖[9]、心肌细胞保护[7, 8]及神经营养活性[6]。为进一步探究该植物的化学成分, 促进其资源开发与利用, 本研究继续对芡欧鼠尾草地上部分进行分离鉴定, 获得3个二萜化合物, 分别鉴定为10-deoxyhispanin J (1)、ent-(5R, 9R)-15, 16-epoxy-10S-hydroxycleroda-3, 13(16), 14-triene-17, 12S; 18, 19-diolide (2) 和dehydrokerlin (3), 结构见图1。其中, 化合物1为新二萜化合物, 化合物2和3为首次从该植物中分离得到。
结果与讨论
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1　结构鉴定
化合物1: 无色胶状物, [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{25} $ -106.5 (c 0.39, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax (log ε) 208 (4.13), 241 (3.14) nm; 正离子HR-ESI-MS显示准分子离子峰m/z 397.105 0 [M+K]+ (计算值397.104 8), 提示其分子式为C20H22O6, 不饱和度为10。IR光谱显示存在羟基和酯羰基吸收(3 426, 1 760, 1 644 cm-1)。1H NMR数据显示结构中含有一个β-呋喃环[δH 6.47 (s, H-14); 7.44 (br s, H-15); 7.50 (s, H-16)], 及一个甲基信号δH 0.94 (s, H3-20)。分析13C NMR和DEPT谱(表1) 显示20个碳信号, 包括1个甲基, 6个亚甲基(其中1个为含氧亚甲基δC 71.5), 6个次甲基(其中1个为含氧次甲基δC 71.1) 以及7个季碳信号(包括2个酯羰基碳δC 172.8, 168.4和2个烯碳δC 137.6, 124.4)。
以上数据表明化合物1为克罗烷型二萜衍生物[11]。其谱图数据(表1) 与文献报道的hispanin J[7]高度相似, 主要差异在于分子量减少16 Da, 提示化合物1可能较hispanin J少一个羟基。通过分析1H-1H COSY谱中的H-10/H2-1/H2-2/H-3相关信号, 以及HMBC谱(图2) 中的H-10和C-1, C-2, C-5, C-10的相关信号, 进一步确认化合物1为hispanin J在C-10位脱羟基的衍生物, 从而确定了其平面结构(图1)。
ROESY谱中观察到H-14/H3-20和H2-19/H3-20的相关信号, 提示H-12为β-构型, H2-19和H3-20为α-构型。由于氢信号重叠及未检测到OH信号, H-10和OH-8的构型无法直接从ROESY谱中确定。为明确化合物1的构型, 进一步对其进行了乙酰化反应, 得到乙酰化产物1a, 并成功培养出1a的单晶。通过单晶X射线衍射分析, 确定化合物1a的绝对构型为5S, 8R, 9R, 10S, 12R (图3), 由此推断化合物1的绝对构型也为5S, 8R, 9R, 10S, 12R。基于上述研究, 化合物1的立体结构得以最终确定, 并将其命名为10-deoxyhispanin J。
2　降脂活性评价
芡欧鼠尾草种子作为膳食纤维的重要来源, 已被报道具有显著的降脂活性[12]。鉴于同种植物不同部位常具有相似的生物活性, 本研究对从中分离得到的新化合物1进行了降脂活性评价。实验结果显示, 化合物1在测试浓度范围内对HL7702细胞的增殖未产生明显影响。与模型组相比, 化合物1能够抑制HL7702细胞内的脂质积累, 并降低细胞内甘油三酯含量(图4), 且该效应呈浓度依赖性。以上结果表明, 化合物1可有效改善肝脏脂肪变性, 显示出较强的降脂活性。
实验部分
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Bruker AM-600型核磁共振仪(以TMS为内标) 和Bruker APEX-Ⅱ DUO单晶衍射仪(美国Bruker公司); Agilent 6500 Q-TOF型质谱仪和Agilent 1200型高效液相色谱仪(美国Agilent公司); Bio-Rad FTS-135型红外光谱仪(德国Bruker公司); Shimadzu UV-2401A型紫外-可见分光光度计(日本Shimadzu公司); Jasco DIP-370型数字旋光仪(日本Jasco公司); EZ Purifier System液相色谱仪(利穗科技有限公司); Sephadex LH-20凝胶(瑞典Pharmacia公司); MCI凝胶(CHP20, 75~150 μm, 日本Mitsubishi公司); ODS凝胶(ODS-A-HG, 50 μm, 日本YMC公司); 聚酰胺(30~60目, 江苏长丰化工有限公司); 柱层析硅胶(100~200目、200~300目, 青岛海洋化工有限公司); 10%硫酸乙醇溶液, 喷洒后适度加热以观察显色反应。
芡欧鼠尾草于2024年7月采自云南省大理市喜洲镇, 由范敏副教授鉴定为唇形科植物芡欧鼠尾草(Salvia hispanica L.)。植物标本(FM20240710A) 存放于大理大学生药学教研室。
1　提取与分离
芡欧鼠尾草地上部分样品(20 kg) 经干燥与粉碎后, 用100%丙酮(150 L) 在室温条件下冷浸提取3次, 每次浸泡24 h。提取液经浓缩后得到总浸膏600 g。将该浸膏用丙酮溶解后, 用1.5倍量80~120目聚酰胺拌样, 上样至MCI柱(70 mm × 460 mm), 以乙醇-水系统(5∶5, 6∶4, 7∶3, 8∶2, 9∶1) 为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱, 每梯度使用2个柱体积。经TLC检测后, 合并相似组分, 共得到6个极性段, 标记为Fr.A~Fr.F。
馏分Fr.B (44 g) 经硅胶柱层析, 以石油醚-氯仿-丙酮(4∶17∶1) 洗脱, 进一步划分为三部分: Fr.B.1~Fr.B.3。取Fr.B.2 (17 g) 经丙酮溶解后, 按相同比例与聚酰胺拌样, 经ODS柱(50 mm × 460 mm) 分离, 以甲醇-水系统(3∶7, 6∶4, 7∶3, 8∶2, 9∶1) 梯度洗脱, 每梯度2个柱体积。TLC检测后合并相似组分, 得到6个亚分段Fr.B.2.1~Fr.B.2.6。
Fr.B.2.2 (3.3 g) 先经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱(甲醇) 初步纯化, 再经硅胶柱层析, 以石油醚-氯仿-乙酸乙酯(5∶4∶2) 洗脱, 最后通过半制备HPLC (55%甲醇- 0.1%甲酸) 进一步纯化, 得到化合物2 (tR = 25.5 min, 5 mg) 与化合物1 (tR = 28.8 min, 8 mg)。
Fr.B.2.3 (2 g) 经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱(甲醇) 分离后, 再经硅胶柱层析, 以石油醚-氯仿-乙酸乙酯(3∶2∶2) 洗脱, 最后通过半制备HPLC (45%乙腈-0.1%甲酸) 纯化, 得到化合物3 (tR = 21.3 min, 7 mg)。
2　结构鉴定
化合物1  无色胶状物; [α]$ {}_{\mathrm{D}}^{25} $ -106.5 (c 0.39, MeOH); UV (MeOH) λmax (log ε) 208 (4.13), 241 (3.14) nm; IR (KBr) νmax 3 426, 2 942, 1 760, 1 712, 1 644, 1 210, 1 159, 1 120, 1 026, 875, 776, 601 cm-1; HRESIMS m/z 397.105 0 [M+K]+ (计算值为C20H22O6K, 397.104 8); 1H NMR (CDCl3, 600 MHz) 和13C NMR (CDCl3, 150 MHz) 数据见表1。
化合物1a  单晶数据为: M = 400.41, a = 11.748 1(2) Å (1 Å = 0.1 nm), b = 7.948 20(10) Å, c = 20.958 6(3) Å, α = 90°, β = 102.74°, γ = 90°, V = 1 908.88(5) Å3, T = 100(2) K, 空间群为P21, Z = 4, μ(Cu Kα) = 0.864 mm-1, 晶体尺寸(1.100 × 0.140 × 0.080) mm3。晶体数据在Bruker APEX-Ⅱ DUO单晶衍射仪(铜靶) 上测定, 总衍射次数16 733, 其中观测到5 669次, [(I > 2σ(I)]: R1 = 0.033 2, wR(F2) = 0.097 9, Flack参数为-0.03(5)。CCDC号: 1 533 049。
化合物2  白色粉末, 易溶于甲醇, ESI-MS m/z 381 [M+Na]+, 分子式为C20H22O6。1H NMR (600 MHz, acetone-d6) δH 7.59 (1H, m, H-15), 7.59 (1H, m, H-16), 6.72 (1H, d, J = 3.2 Hz, H-3), 6.50 (1H, s, H-14), 5.70 (1H, dd, J = 7.5, 1.8 Hz, H-12), 4.40 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz, H-19a), 4.33 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz, H-19b), 2.82 (1H, dd, J = 15.5, 7.5 Hz, H-11a), 2.60 (1H, m, H-8), 2.60 (1H, m, H-2a), 2.46 (1H, m, H-2), 2.07 (1H, m, H-7a), 1.91 (1H, dd, J = 15.5, 1.8 Hz, H-11b), 1.97 (1H, m, H-1a), 1.82, (1H, m, H-6), 1.66 (1H, m, H-7b), 1.63 (1H, m, H-1b), 1.62 (1H, m, H-6b), 1.29 (3H, s, H-20); 13C NMR (150 MHz, acetone-d6) δC 27.1 (t, C-1), 23.8 (t, C-2), 135.6 (d, C-3), 133.6 (s, C-4), 48.0 (s, C-5), 32.3 (t, C-6), 17.4 (t, C-7), 44.6 (d, C-8), 43.3 (s, C-9), 74.6 (s, C-10), 35.8 (t, C-11), 72.1 (d, C-12), 128.6 (s, C-13), 109.6 (d, C-14), 145.1 (d, C-15), 140.1 (d, C-16), 174.0 (s, C-17), 169.7 (s, C-18), 71.5 (t, C-19), 27.9 (q, C-20)。以上数据和文献[13]报道基本一致, 确定化合物为ent-(5R, 9R)-15, 16-epoxy-10S-hydroxycleroda-3, 13(16), 14-triene-17, 12S; 18, 19-diolide。
化合物3  白色粉末, 易溶于甲醇; ESI-MS m/z 351 [M+Na]+, 分子式为C20H24O4; 1H NMR (600 MHz, acetone-d6) δH 7.47 (1H, s, H-16), 7.44 (1H, s, H-15), 6.68 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz, H-3), 6.42 (1H, s, H-14), 5.06 (1H, dd, J = 11.3, 4.5 Hz, H-12), 4.44 (1H, dd, J = 7.3, 1.5 Hz, H-19a), 4.00 (1H, dd, J = 7.3, 1.5 Hz, H-19b), 1.96 (1H, m, H-7a), 1.77 (1H, m, H-7b), 1.71 (1H, m, H-6a), 1.50 (1H, m, H-6b), 0.87 (3H, s, H-20); 13C NMR (150 MHz, acetone-d6): δC 21.6 (t, C-1), 26.8 (t, C-2), 136.1 (d, C-3), 139.6 (s, C-4), 47.9 (s, C-5), 30.7 (t, C-6), 29.4 (t, C-7), 84.7 (s, C-8), 45.7 (s, C-9), 31.2 (d, C-10), 45.1 (t, C-11), 70.4 (d, C-12), 130.4 (s, C-13), 109.9 (d, C-14), 144.1 (d, C-15), 139.6 (d, C-16), 28.4 (q, C-17), 169.2 (s, C-18), 70.7 (t, C-19), 17.1 (q, C-20)。以上数据和文献[14]报道基本一致, 确定化合物为dehydrokerlin。
3　乙酰化反应
将化合物1 (6 mg) 溶于无水二氯甲烷(2 mL), 在氮气保护下, 依次向反应瓶中加入三乙胺(10 mg, 4 equiv), 4-二甲氨基吡啶(4 mg, 4 equiv) 和乙酸酐(6 μL)。反应体系于室温搅拌反应24 h。反应结束后, 将混合物浓缩蒸干, 经硅胶柱层析, 以石油醚-氯仿-异丙醇(2∶40∶1) 为洗脱剂纯化, 得到羟基乙酰化产物化合物1a (4 mg)。
4　降脂活性评价
4.1　筛选待测化合物的作用浓度
将HL7702细胞接种于96孔板中, 实验设置空白对照组与给药组, 每组设6个复孔。基于前期对油酸、姜黄素及二甲基亚砜的浓度梯度筛选结果, 本次实验不再重复设置相关浓度组。待细胞密度约为70%时, 加入不同的待测化合物。孵育48 h后, 用MTS法检测细胞活力。通过比较各组细胞相对增殖率(RGR, %), 即给药组平均吸光度值与空白对照组平均吸光度值的百分比(RGR = OD给药组 / OD空白对照组 × 100%), 评估化合物对细胞活性的影响, 并选取对细胞活性抑制较小的浓度作为最大给药浓度。
4.2　高脂细胞模型构建及实验分组
将HL7702细胞接种于24孔板中, 待细胞进入对数生长期后, 设置对照组、模型组和给药组。对照组: 用含1% BSA无血清的培养基培养; 模型组: 在空白组的基础上, 向培养基中加入0.2 mmol·L-1油酸; 给药组: 在模型组的基础上, 同时加入姜黄素和待测化合物。每组均设3个复孔, 培养48 h后进行检测。
4.3　油红O染色分析细胞内脂质积累
培养结束后, 吸弃24孔板中的培养基, PBS液漂洗1次。以4%多聚甲醛溶液于室温固定细胞20 min, 固定后再次用PBS清洗。采用60%异丙醇溶液浸润细胞20 s以增强染色效率。弃去异丙醇, 立即加入油红O工作液, 于室温下避光染色20 min。染色完成后, 以蒸馏水洗去未结合的染料, 细胞内的中性脂肪可被染成橘红色或红色。在倒置显微镜下观察并拍摄各组细胞的脂滴形态与积累情况。为进一步定量分析, 每孔加入异丙醇以提取细胞内的油红O染料, 将提取液转移至96孔板, 使用酶标仪在492 nm波长下测定其吸光度值。
4.4　细胞内甘油三酯含量测定
弃去24孔板中的培养基, 用预冷的PBS液漂洗1次, 加入RIPA细胞裂解液。4 ℃裂解30 min后刮下细胞, 将内容物转移至1.5 mL的离心管中。取部分裂解液, 按照BCA蛋白定量试剂盒说明书测定样品总蛋白浓度。另取部分裂解液, 依据甘油三酯测定试剂盒说明书操作, 测定甘油三酯含量。细胞内甘油三酯的相对含量通过以下公式计算: 甘油三酯含量= OD样/OD标 ×标准品浓度÷待测样本蛋白浓度。其中, OD样为样品吸光度, OD标为标准品吸光度。
4.5　数据处理
统计分析采用SPSS 20.0软件, 数据以$ \bar{x} $ ± s表示, 计量资料组间比较用t检验, P < 0.05为差异具有统计学意义。

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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-1218
  • 接收时间：2025-10-14
  • 首发时间：2026-09-21
  • 出版时间：2026-02-12
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  • 收稿日期：2025-10-14
  • 修回日期：2025-11-21
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    大理大学药学院, 云南 大理 671000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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