Article(id=1308816796476601003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308816657934541639, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0561, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1747324800000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-16, revisedDate=1761235200000, revisedDateStr=2025-10-24, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789975840919, onlineDateStr=2026-09-21, pubDate=1768147200000, pubDateStr=2026-01-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789975840919, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789975840919, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789975840919, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308816657934541639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2026', volume='61', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='320', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1768147200000', pubDateStr='2026-01-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789975807888, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789984282344, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308852202421191556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308816657934541639, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308852202421191557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308816657934541639, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=266, endPage=272, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308816796652761772, articleId=1308816796476601003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Determination of biological activity of luteinizing hormone by a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence method, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study employs homogeneous time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay to quantitatively determine the concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) within LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293 cells, utilizing a competitive immunoassay method. The research sets forth an in vitro biological activity assessment methodology for luteinizing hormone (LH). Key parameters of the methodology are optimized, and the relative accuracy, intermediate precision, linearity, and range are validated. The optimized experimental conditions are defined as follows: an initial concentration of 200 nmol·mL-1, a seven-fold gradient dilution, a cell density of 24 000 cells·well-1, and a duration of incubation of 30 min. The findings indicate that the method exhibits excellent linearity across a relative potency range of 64% to 156%, high relative accuracy, and satisfactory intermediate precision. The successful establishment and validation of a homogeneous time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for the evaluation of LH biological activity is reported. This methodology is applicable for the assessment of biological activity and quality control of recombinant LH-like drugs, as well as for the differentiation of recombinant LH.

, authors=Zhe DENG1, 2, 3, Xiao-ming ZHANG2, Yue SUN2, Jing LI2, Ping LÜ2, Hong-yu XIANG1, *, Cheng-gang LIANG2, *, authorsList=Zhe DENG, Xiao-ming ZHANG, Yue SUN, Jing LI, Ping LÜ, Hong-yu XIANG, Cheng-gang LIANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hong-yu XIANG, Cheng-gang LIANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2026 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308816799177732793, articleId=1308816796476601003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=均相时间分辨荧光技术测定促黄体生成素生物学活性, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究采用均相时间分辨荧光技术, 在LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中通过竞争性免疫法检测细胞中cAMP的量, 建立促黄体生成素(LH) 体外生物学活性测定方法。对方法的关键参数进行优化, 并对方法的相对准确度、中间精密度、线性和范围进行了验证。优化后确定实验条件为: 起始浓度200 nmol·mL-1、7倍梯度稀释、细胞密度24 000 cells·well-1、孵育时间30 min。结果表明, 方法在64%~156%的相对效价水平范围内线性良好, 相对准确度高, 且中间精密度良好。本研究成功建立并验证了检测LH生物学活性的均相时间分辨荧光法, 可用于重组促黄体生成素类药物生物活性评价和质量控制, 并可用于鉴别重组促黄体生成素。

, authors=邓哲1, 2, 3, 张孝明2, 孙悦2, 李晶2, 吕萍2, 相宏宇1, *, 梁成罡2, *, authorsList=邓哲, 张孝明, 孙悦, 李晶, 吕萍, 相宏宇, 梁成罡, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=相宏宇, 梁成罡, authorNote=

#

共同第一作者.

作者贡献:

邓哲负责实验设计、完成实验主要内容和文章撰写; 张孝明负责前期实验条件摸索和文章撰写; 孙悦负责提供材料支持; 李晶、吕萍、相宏宇、梁成罡负责指导实验设计思路、提出修改意见。

, correspAuthorsNote=
相宏宇,E-mail:
梁成罡, E-mail:
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Potency
/%
Relative potency/%
12345678
6457.461.765.756.361.762.962.369.8
8078.378.479.175.374.774.579.385.0
100100.4103.999.9100.197.296.195.899.5
125123.5126.4130.5128.5119.5120.2123.6121.8
156155.7148.5164.0165.0150.4161.7165.1164.4
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Results of rhLH bioactivity determined by the HTRF method. HTRF: Homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence

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Potency
/%
Relative potency/%
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6457.461.765.756.361.762.962.369.8
8078.378.479.175.374.774.579.385.0
100100.4103.999.9100.197.296.195.899.5
125123.5126.4130.5128.5119.5120.2123.6121.8
156155.7148.5164.0165.0150.4161.7165.1164.4
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PotencyLogarithmic potencyPotency/%Relative bias/%
AverageLCIUCIAverageLCIUCIAverageLCIUCI
64%-0.476 7-0.522 5-0.430 962.259.365.1-3.0-7.31.5
80%-0.248 4-0.277 3-0.219 578.175.880.4-2.5-5.30.4
100%-0.009 2-0.027 30.008 899.197.3100.9-0.9-2.70.9
125%0.216 70.195 70.237 7124.3121.6126.9-0.6-2.71.5
156%0.465 10.436 00.494 3159.4154.8163.92.1-0.95.1
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Relative bias and confidence intervals of relative potency measurements at different potency levels. LCI: Lower confidence interval; UCI: Upper confidence interval. Number of detection times per potency level: 8

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PotencyLogarithmic potencyPotency/%Relative bias/%
AverageLCIUCIAverageLCIUCIAverageLCIUCI
64%-0.476 7-0.522 5-0.430 962.259.365.1-3.0-7.31.5
80%-0.248 4-0.277 3-0.219 578.175.880.4-2.5-5.30.4
100%-0.009 2-0.027 30.008 899.197.3100.9-0.9-2.70.9
125%0.216 70.195 70.237 7124.3121.6126.9-0.6-2.71.5
156%0.465 10.436 00.494 3159.4154.8163.92.1-0.95.1
), ArticleFig(id=1308816812754694926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308816796476601003, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
PotencyGSDCIGSDGCVCIGCV
64%1.0711.1317.1%13.1%
80%1.0441.0814.4%8.1%
100%1.0271.0502.7%5.0%
125%1.0321.0583.2%5.8%
156%1.0451.0824.5%8.2%
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Geometric standard deviations, geometric coefficients of variation and upper confidence limits of relative potency measurements at different potency levels. GSD: Geometric standard deviation; GCV: Geometric coefficient of variation; CI: Confidence interval. Number of detection times per potency level: 8

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PotencyGSDCIGSDGCVCIGCV
64%1.0711.1317.1%13.1%
80%1.0441.0814.4%8.1%
100%1.0271.0502.7%5.0%
125%1.0321.0583.2%5.8%
156%1.0451.0824.5%8.2%
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均相时间分辨荧光技术测定促黄体生成素生物学活性
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邓哲 1, 2, 3 , 张孝明 2 , 孙悦 2 , 李晶 2 , 吕萍 2 , 相宏宇 1, * , 梁成罡 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2026,61(1): 266-272
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药学学报 |研究论文 2026 , 61 (1) : 266 -272
均相时间分辨荧光技术测定促黄体生成素生物学活性
全屏
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邓哲1, 2, 3, 张孝明2, 孙悦2, 李晶2, 吕萍2, 相宏宇1, * , 梁成罡2, *
作者信息
  • 1吉林大学生命科学学院, 吉林 长春 130012
  • 2中国食品药品检定研究院, 药品监管科学全国重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 国家药品监督管理局生物制品质量研究与评价重点实验室, 北京 102629
  • 3黑龙江省药品检验研究院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150088
通讯作者:
相宏宇,E-mail:
梁成罡, E-mail:
作者简介:

#

共同第一作者.

作者贡献:

邓哲负责实验设计、完成实验主要内容和文章撰写; 张孝明负责前期实验条件摸索和文章撰写; 孙悦负责提供材料支持; 李晶、吕萍、相宏宇、梁成罡负责指导实验设计思路、提出修改意见。

Determination of biological activity of luteinizing hormone by a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence method
Zhe DENG1, 2, 3, Xiao-ming ZHANG2, Yue SUN2, Jing LI2, Ping LÜ2, Hong-yu XIANG1, * , Cheng-gang LIANG2, *
Affiliations
  • 1School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
  • 2National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Beijing 102629, China
  • 3Heilongjiang Institute for Drug Control, Harbin 150088, China
出版时间: 2026-01-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0561
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本研究采用均相时间分辨荧光技术, 在LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中通过竞争性免疫法检测细胞中cAMP的量, 建立促黄体生成素(LH) 体外生物学活性测定方法。对方法的关键参数进行优化, 并对方法的相对准确度、中间精密度、线性和范围进行了验证。优化后确定实验条件为: 起始浓度200 nmol·mL-1、7倍梯度稀释、细胞密度24 000 cells·well-1、孵育时间30 min。结果表明, 方法在64%~156%的相对效价水平范围内线性良好, 相对准确度高, 且中间精密度良好。本研究成功建立并验证了检测LH生物学活性的均相时间分辨荧光法, 可用于重组促黄体生成素类药物生物活性评价和质量控制, 并可用于鉴别重组促黄体生成素。

促黄体生成素  /  生物学活性  /  均相时间分辨荧光  /  方法学验证  /  绒毛膜促性腺激素  /  质量控制

This study employs homogeneous time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay to quantitatively determine the concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) within LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293 cells, utilizing a competitive immunoassay method. The research sets forth an in vitro biological activity assessment methodology for luteinizing hormone (LH). Key parameters of the methodology are optimized, and the relative accuracy, intermediate precision, linearity, and range are validated. The optimized experimental conditions are defined as follows: an initial concentration of 200 nmol·mL-1, a seven-fold gradient dilution, a cell density of 24 000 cells·well-1, and a duration of incubation of 30 min. The findings indicate that the method exhibits excellent linearity across a relative potency range of 64% to 156%, high relative accuracy, and satisfactory intermediate precision. The successful establishment and validation of a homogeneous time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for the evaluation of LH biological activity is reported. This methodology is applicable for the assessment of biological activity and quality control of recombinant LH-like drugs, as well as for the differentiation of recombinant LH.

luteinizing hormone  /  biological activity  /  homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence  /  methodological validation  /  chorionic gonadotropin  /  quality control
邓哲, 张孝明, 孙悦, 李晶, 吕萍, 相宏宇, 梁成罡. 均相时间分辨荧光技术测定促黄体生成素生物学活性. 药学学报, 2026 , 61 (1) : 266 -272 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0561
Zhe DENG, Xiao-ming ZHANG, Yue SUN, Jing LI, Ping LÜ, Hong-yu XIANG, Cheng-gang LIANG. Determination of biological activity of luteinizing hormone by a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence method[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2026 , 61 (1) : 266 -272 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0561
促黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone, LH) 是垂体前叶分泌的一种重要生殖调控因子, 与卵泡刺激素(follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH) 协调作用调控性腺功能。LH在两性生理活动中展现出双重作用: 在女性体内, LH与FSH共同作用促进卵泡成熟, 分泌雌激素、排卵, 以及黄体的生成和维持; 在男性体内, LH则定向激活睾丸间质细胞, 驱动睾酮分泌以保障精子发生。随着对LH在生殖过程中作用的深入研究, LH有望对辅助生殖技术革新与内分泌疾病精准治疗领域产生重大影响。在分子作用机制上, LH与人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorinonic gonadotropin, hCG) 作用于共同的受体, 即促黄体生成素/绒毛膜促性腺激素受体(LH/chorionic gonadotropin receptor, LHCGR), 主要通过激活经典cAMP依赖途径发挥作用: LHCGR-Gs蛋白耦联激活腺苷酸环化酶, 催化生成第二信使cAMP, 进而激活蛋白激酶A (PKA)。由于LH与hCG都作用于LHCGR, 并发挥相关生物学效应, 因此, 开发一种能够有效区分LH与hCG生物学活性的测定方法, 已成为当前LH体外活性测定研究领域亟待攻克的关键技术难题。
临床上常用的外源性LH药物包括重组人LH (recombinant human LH, rhLH) 和人绝经期促性腺激素(human menopausal gonadotropins, HMG)。重组人促黄体激素(recombinant human luteinizing hormone, rhLH) 是利用重组DNA技术在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞表达的重组蛋白药物。rhLH在结构上和生物学上与内源性促性腺激素相似, 但表现出高度的糖基化异质性[1]。重组人促黄体生成素α (Luveris®) 作为里程碑式产品, 是首个也是目前唯一商业化rhLH药物。生物学活性是rhLH药物的关键质量属性, 目前国内外药典收载的LH活性测定方法均为体内动物法。中国药典(2025年版) 通则1217黄体生成素生物测定法和欧洲药典中规定的幼年大鼠精囊增重法[2, 3], 均通过比较尿促性素标准品与供试品对幼年大鼠精囊增重的作用, 以测定供试品中黄体生成素的效价。这种方法是在20世纪60年代开发的[4], 有三大局限性: 首先, 动物实验操作复杂、耗时长, 不满足“3R原则”要求。其次, 大鼠精囊增重法的原理是LH或hCG激活睾丸间质细胞表面LHCGR, 之后激活cAMP/PKA信号通路, 激活类固醇合成急性调节蛋白(steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, StAR)。被激活的StAR通过与线粒体外膜上的转运蛋白结合, 加速胆固醇从线粒体外膜向线粒体内膜的转运, 随后胆固醇在线粒体内被催化为睾酮, 睾酮促进大鼠精囊的发育成熟。因此, 本方法仅评估了LH或hCG促进睾酮这种类固醇激素的生成潜力, 不能评估LH在女性生殖内分泌环境中发挥的LH和hCG特异性的非类固醇生成功能[1]。第三, HMG不仅含有LH, 还混有hCG, 而hCG过量可能诱发卵巢过度刺激综合症, 体内动物法无法区分LH和hCG的活性, 不能满足LH药物质量控制高质量发展要求, 急需建立高效简便且能区分LH和hCG的体外活性测定方法, 用于LH产品质量控制和放行检验。
基于LH诱导的LHCGR/cAMP/PKA信号通路, 本课题组建立了用于rhLH体外活性测定的报告基因法, 该方法操作简便且准确度高, 但不能显著区分rhLH和重组人绒毛膜促性腺激素(recombinant human chorinonic gonadotropin, rhCG) 的生物活性(rhLH和rhCG的EC50之比仅为1~2)。有研究显示, 外显子10缺失的LHCGR (LHCGR-delExon10) 与LH的结合能力不变但结合后产生cAMP受影响, 而hCG则不受此影响, 利用免疫组织荧光和放射免疫分析测定cAMP, 结果显示LH与LHCGR-delExon10结合后产生的cAMP量远远低于hCG与LHCGR-delExon10结合后产生的cAMP量[5-7], 由此推测在LHCGR-delExon10过表达的细胞中, 检测LH和hCG与LHCGR-delExon10结合后诱导产生的cAMP的量的差异, 能够反映并区分LH和hCG的生物活性。
均相时间分辨荧光(homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence, HTRF) 法的原理是基于细胞中产生的cAMP与小分子荧光探针d2标记的cAMP竞争性结合抗cAMP抗体。其荧光值与细胞内的cAMP水平呈负相关。HTRF法无需常规酶联免疫吸附实验洗板操作, 荧光值稳定且基本不受干扰。因此, HTRF技术检测细胞中cAMP, 具有灵敏度高、信号稳定、变异度小、耗时短等优点, 正被大力开发用于生物制品活性测定。本研究基于已构建的LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞系, 建立了能够区分rhLH和rhCG体外活性的HTRF法, 并按照中国药典(2025年版) 四部通则9401[8]进行了全面的方法学验证。
仪器  FORMA STERI-CULT二氧化碳细胞培养箱(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); TS2-FL倒置显微镜(日本Nikon公司); Centrifuge 5702台式离心机(德国Eppendorf公司); TC-20全自动细胞计数仪(美国Bio-Rad公司); MTS 2/4微孔板振荡器(德国IKA公司); 多功能酶标仪(美国Molecular Devices公司, 内置软件版本7.1); LC-40D XR液相色谱仪(日本岛津公司)。
试剂  DMEM培养基(批号11995065)、0.05%胰酶-EDTA (批号25300054)、磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS, 批号2647463)、嘌呤霉素(puromycin, 批号A1113803) 均购自美国Gibco公司; 胎牛血清(FBS, 批号012C0221A) 购自中国ExCell公司; 博来霉素(zeocin, 批号450430) 购自美国Invitrogen公司; 3-异丁基-1-甲基黄嘌呤(IBMX, 批号102606487) 购自德国Merck-SigmaAldrich公司; HTRF cAMP Gs Dynamic kit (批号38B) 购自美国Revvity公司。重组人促黄体激素α原液(rhLH)、重组人绒毛膜促性腺激素国家标准品(rhCG)、重组人促甲状腺激素注射液原液(rhTSH)、重组人促卵泡激素注射液原液(rhFSH) 均为本室留样。
试剂配制  完全培养基: DMEM培养基+ 10% FBS + 3 μg·mL-1 puromycin + 200 μg·mL-1 zeocin。样品稀释液/基础培养基: DMEM培养基+ 10% FBS + 0.5 mmol·mL-1 IBMX。
细胞系构建  LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞株此前已构建完成由本实验室保存[9]。
HTRF法体外生物学活性检测  取对数生长期的LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞用0.05%胰酶-EDTA消化后, 用基础培养液调整细胞密度为1.2×106 cells·mL-1。将细胞悬浮液以每孔20 μL接种到96孔半孔细胞培养白板中(每孔约24 000个细胞)。将rhLH用基础培养液稀释至200 nmol·mL-1, 再在透明96孔板中进行7倍梯度稀释, 共稀释10个梯度。将稀释好的溶液加入已接种细胞的培养板中, 每孔20 μL, 每个药物浓度加2个复孔(药物作用起始终浓度为100 nmol·mL-1)。反应板以300 r·min-1, 30 s离心, 随后在25 ± 2 ℃孵育30 ± 8 min。孵育结束后, 以每孔40 μL向培养板中分别加入cAMP抗体、cAMP-d2及cAMP lysis buffer混合液, 室温孵育60 ± 9 min。酶标仪设置检测参数(Lm1-Ex 314 nm & 620 nm & Cut off 570 nm; Lm2-Ex 314 nm & 668 nm & Cut off 630 nm), 读取荧光信号值。
尿促性素国家标准品仅有体内动物法赋值的效价值, 无LH和CG的准确含量值, 因此尿促性素体外生物学活性测定使用效价单位, 经过实验条件优化确定起始浓度为200 IU·mL-1, 其他操作与上述步骤一致。
数据分析  参照中国药典(2020年版) 通则1431四参数回归计算法, 利用SoftMax Pro软件(美国Molecular Devices公司, 软件版本7.1) 分析试验数据, GraphPad Prism (美国GraphPad公司, 软件版本8.0.2) 软件作图。以样品浓度的对数作为横坐标, 对应的发光信号强度(相对光单位, relative light unit, RLU) 作为纵坐标, 拟合量效反应四参数曲线(误差线代表RLU平均值的标准误差), 按通则1431中的四参数回归计算法处理实验数据, 利用方差分析和F检验对分析结果进行可靠性测验。可靠性测验要求为: 拟合四参数曲线R2 ≥ 0.98, 回归项应非常显著(P < 0.01), 偏离平行应不显著(P ≥ 0.01)。将通过可靠性测验的结果按下述公式计算相对效价(relative potency): 样品相对效价(%) =对照品EC50/待测样品EC50 × 100%。半数效应浓度(50% of maximal effect, EC50) 为约束模型中对照品和待测样品拟合四参数曲线的C值。
实验参数优化  取对数生长期的LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞用0.05%胰酶-EDTA消化后, 用基础培养液调整细胞密度为1.2×106 cells·mL-1。按上述方法接种细胞后, 将rhLH和rhCG用基础培养基分别稀释至200 nmol·mL-1, 在透明96孔板中进行6倍梯度稀释10个梯度, 每个梯度平行2个复孔, 按照上述检测方法进行活性测定, 初步确定起始rhLH浓度为200 nmol·mL-1。将200 nmol·mL-1浓度的rhLH和rhCG分别进行7倍和8倍系列稀释后测定, 比较不同稀释倍数的拟合曲线, 确定最优药物稀释倍数; 用基础培养基调整细胞密度分别为每孔20 000、24 000、30 000和36 000个, 分别接种于96孔半孔白板中, 按照上述检测方法进行活性测定, 确定最佳细胞铺板密度; 设置30、40、50和60 min四个不同的药物孵育时间, 按上述检测方法测定, 选择最佳药物孵育时间。
方法学验证实验  按照中国药典通则9401采用合并设计, 验证方法的相对准确度、中间精密度、线性和范围。取rhLH对照品, 用基础培养基分别稀释成128、160、200、250、312 nmol·mL-1理论浓度的待测样品, 5种待测样品分别对应64%、80%、100%、125%和156%的相对效价水平, 另外制备一份200 nmol·mL-1浓度的rhLH作为对照。上述待测样品分别在透明96孔板中进行7倍梯度稀释, 共稀释10个梯度。由两名实验人员在4个不同日期进行相对效价检测。
方法相对准确度和线性分析  按照中国药典通则9401, 拟合效价理论值和测定值的直线回归方程, 并计算各效价水平相对效价测定值的相对偏倚(RB) 及置信区间(CIRB): RB = (效价测定值/效价理论值-1) × 100%; CIRB = {[anti Ln(LCI) / 效价理论值-1] × 100%, [anti Ln(UCI) / 效价理论值-1] × 100%}。LCI为各效价水平效价测定值的自然对数平均值的90%置信下限; UCI为各效价水平效价测定值的自然对数平均值的90%置信上限。
方法中间精密度分析  按照中国药典通则9401, 计算每个效价水平相对效价测定值的几何标准偏差(GSD) 及几何变异系数(GCV%): GSD = anti Ln(SD), SD为各效价水平效价测定值的对数标准偏差; GCV% = (GSD-1)×100%。
细胞功能稳定性实验  在细胞连续培养中, 分别冻存第5代、第40代细胞。在同一时间复苏上述细胞, 连续传代至细胞状态稳定后, 使用该细胞进行rhLH的生物活性测定, 验证不同代次的细胞功能的稳定性。
专属性  为验证方法的专属性, 选取三种糖蛋白激素rhTSH、rhFSH、rhLH进行试验。将rhLH、rhTSH、rhFSH分别用基础培养基稀释到200 nmol·mL-1, 再进行7倍梯度稀释, 共稀释10个浓度梯度, 每个浓度2个复孔。
rhLH加热破坏性样品的制备  取rhLH, 以每支200 μL分装到1.5 mL离心管中, 用封口膜封闭后于60 ℃水浴中分别加热0、1、5、9、24和72 h。对处理后的样品进行相对效价测定, 验证方法专属性。
含量测定   采用高效液相色谱法检测60 ℃加热不同时间后rhLH样品中主成分含量变化。色谱条件: 采用Shodex Protein KW-803 1 000 Å 5 μm (8.0 mm × 300 mm) 凝胶色谱柱, 以0.1 mol·L-1磷酸-0.1 mol·L-1硫酸钠缓冲液(pH 6.7) 为流动相, 流速为1 mL·min-1, 柱温为25 ℃, 检测波长为214 nm, 进样量为10 μL。
为验证LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞能区分rhLH和rhCG的生物学活性, 本研究首先探索了200 nmol·mL-1起始浓度(与报告基因法相同) 下rhLH和rhCG对cAMP的诱导产生能力。如图1A所示, rhLH和rhCG的初始浓度选取200 nmol·mL-1, 6倍梯度稀释10个浓度点, 平行2个复孔, rhCG四参数曲线未能达到上平台, rhLH四参数曲线能较好地覆盖上下平台, 且两条曲线有明显的差异趋势, 因此选择200 nmol·mL-1为起始浓度。为了使rhCG四参数曲线能够很好地覆盖上下平台, 以便后续对rhLH和rhCG曲线进行对比, 选取7倍和8倍两个稀释倍数, 各稀释10个梯度, 比较不同稀释比的曲线, 结果见图1B。当稀释倍数为7倍和8倍时, 量效曲线能够很好地覆盖上下平台以及线性部分, 并且能明显区分rhLH和rhCG, 为了减少梯度稀释过程中产生的误差, 因此选择稀释倍数为7倍即可。细胞密度优化结果(图1C) 显示, 四个细胞密度的四参数曲线斜率基本相同, 曲线变化趋势基本平行, 说明接种细胞量对实验结果的影响不大。根据R2值选择24 000 cells/well (即细胞密度为1.2×106 cells·mL-1) 为最佳细胞密度。设置药物作用的时间分别为30、40、50、60 min, 结果(图1D) 表明, 随着孵育时间的延长, 信噪比降低。因此综合信噪比和R2值选择加入样品后孵育30 min。
用优化后的实验条件分别在LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞和LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中测定生物活性, 结果(图1E、F) 显示, 在LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中可以区分rhLH和rhCG, 而在LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中两条曲线基本重合, 不能区分rhLH和rhCG。
对分别对应64%、80%、100%、125%和156%的5个相对效价水平的样品进行活性测定, 每个效价水平8个相对效价测定值如表1所示。
计算每个效价水平8个相对效价测定值的相对偏倚及其置信区间。如表2所示, 5个效价水平相对效价测定值的平均相对偏倚范围在-3.0%~2.1%。符合《中国药典》通则9401“相对效价测定值的相对偏倚应在±12%范围内”的要求, 相对准确度良好。
5个效价水平的回归方程为y = 1.054x + 0.010 16, R2 = 0.983 9。符合中国药典通则9401“直线回归方程的斜率应在0.80~1.25, 相关系数应不低于0.98”的要求。
计算每个效价水平测得的8个相对效价的几何标准偏差(GSD) 及几何变异系数(GCV%)。以每个效价水平的GCV%考察中间精密度, 结果如表3所示, GCV%范围为2.7%~7.1%。符合中国药典通则9401“每个效价水平相对效价测定值的GCV%应不大于20%”的要求, 中间精密度良好。
对5个效价水平的相对准确度、线性和中间精密度验证结果显示, 在64%~156%内, 方法检测结果均符合通则9401要求, 方法的相对效价适用范围为64%~156%。
如图2A所示, 不同代次细胞的EC50值和信噪比无明显差异。说明LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞在本方法中具有功能传代稳定性, 可以用于rhLH生物活性测定。细胞传至49代时, 对活性测定结果无明显影响。
如图2B所示, 检测rhTSH和rhFSH均无剂量依赖的效应曲线, 而检测rhLH呈明显的量效曲线, 表明本方法专属性良好。
当rhLH样品经过60 ℃加热后, LH含量随着加热时间的延长而降低, 检测加热后样品生物学活性, 发现加热后样品活性呈显著下降趋势(图2C), 与LH含量下降趋势一致, 表明单体含量下降导致生物学活性发生改变, 该方法可灵敏检测结构变化的rhLH样品生物学活性的变化。
在同样使用LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞时, HTRF法中rhLH与rhCG的EC50之比在2~4内(n ≥ 5), 而在报告基因法中这一值则在1~2内(n ≥ 5)。这表明在HTRF法中rhLH与rhCG的生物学活性差异被放大, 说明使用HTRF法可以区分rhLH与rhCG (图3)。
为补充尿促性素(human menopausal gonadotropin, HMG) 中黄体生成素的活性, 已上市尿促性素产品通常会额外添加hCG, 现有体内动物法无法区分LH和hCG的活性。为验证新建HTRF法能否用于显示尿促性素中不同比例LH和hCG的活性差异, 首先用HTRF法检测了rhLH与不同比例rhCG样品混合后的活性, 如图4A所示, 四参数曲线随着rhCG比例的增高左移且上平台下降, EC50值也随之降低, 表明在HTRF中rhCG比rhLH具有更高的活性。随后以rhLH和HMG国家标准品分别为对照品, 检测了3种尿促性素产品体外活性。由于尿促性素产品中的LH含量未知, 只能以体内动物测得效价单位浓度作为起始浓度。以尿促性素样品1为例, rhLH为对照品测得的活性为47 IU, 而以HMG国家标准品为对照品测得的活性为238 IU, 两种对照品测定的尿促性素生物活性结果差异较大(图4B)。以rhLH为对照品测定尿促性素样品2和高纯尿促性素(highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin, HP-HMG), 结果也表明两种尿促性素活性原低于rhLH, 同时也比rhCG低(图4C)。
目前对于rhLH药物的生物学活性测定方法仅有体内动物法, 该方法存在操作复杂、实验周期长、动物个体差异大等缺点。作者前期研究根据LHCGR/cAMP/PKA信号通路构建的报告基因法尽管克服了动物法操作复杂的缺点, 但却无法显著区分LH与hCG的生物学活性。随着临床对rhLH药物需求的不断提高, 建立稳定、便捷、能区分LH和hCG的活性测定方法成为提高药品监管能力和质量控制发展的必然要求。
本研究采用LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞模型, 成功构建了检测rhLH生物学活性的HTRF技术体系, 并完成系统性方法学验证。通过竞争性免疫法检测细胞中cAMP的量, 反映rhLH的生物学活性。通过四维参数优化(起始浓度、稀释倍数、细胞密度、孵育时间), 确定rhLH检测的最优条件为: 起始浓度200 nmol·mL-1、7倍梯度稀释、细胞密度1.2×106 cells·mL-1、孵育30 min。方法验证结果表明, 方法在64%~156%的相对效价水平范围线性良好, 相对准确度高, 且中间精密度良好。HTRF法检测到rhCG的活性为rhCG的2~4倍, 因此, 用HTRF法可区分rhCG与rhLH的生物学活性, HTRF法不仅可用于rhLH的质量控制和放行检验, 还可以用于rhLH的鉴别。
rhLH于60 ℃破坏1 h后活性开始显著下降, 通过凝胶色谱检测加热后rhLH样品的单体含量。破坏72 h后rhLH单体含量降低到10.6%, 体外生物学活性降低至小于1%, 表明主成分含量降低可能是引起体外生物学活性降低的主要原因之一, 而生物活性测定与理化测定相比能更灵敏地反映样品稳定性变化趋势, 表明HTRF法还可用于rhLH稳定性研究。
需要注意的是, 目前临床应用的LH药物主要提取自绝经期妇女尿液, 然而尿源性产品存在固有局限: 生物纯度不足、批次间效价波动显著、存在病原体残留风险, 以及可能诱发血栓栓塞、多胎妊娠、卵巢扭转伴腹膜出血等并发症[10, 11]。此外, 由于尿源性产品中LH的含量较低, 通常需要额外添加hCG以达到临床使用效果, 但过量使用hCG可能诱发卵巢过度刺激综合症, 该病症以形成易破裂性卵巢大囊肿为典型特征[12]。尤其在hCG诱导排卵过程中易引发病理性卵巢反应亢进[13]。因此, 尿源性产品中LH和hCG生物活性的准确测定对于其质量控制具有重要意义。而对于尿源性产品中LH和hCG的含量测定, 目前尚未有准确的测定方法。本研究建立的HTRF法能够区分rhLH与rhCG的活性, 不同摩尔浓度比例的rhLH与rhCG混合物检测结果表明, 在HTRF法中rhCG表现出更高的活性。尿促性素中含有不同比例的LH和hCG, 因此推测HTRF法测的尿促性素活性应介于rhLH与rhCG之间, 但结果显示尿促性素活性与rhLH及rhCG存在较大差异, 且无显著规律。推测原因是由于所使用的检测起始浓度为体内动物法测得的效价值, 尽管效价值相同, 但实际所含有的LH和hCG含量差异较大, 而体外HTRF法可以灵敏反映尿促性素中LH及hCG的含量差异, 因此, 本研究建立的HTRF法对于尿促性素中hLH和hCG的活性检测和批间含量差异研究具有重要意义。
综上所述, 本文建立了一种基于LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞的rhLH体外生物活性检测HTRF方法, 该方法操作简便、耗时短、准确度高、重复性好、特异性强, 此外, 本研究建立的HTRF法通过检测LH和hCG作用于细胞后诱导产生的cAMP的量的差异, 能够区分LH和hCG的生物学活性, 方法专属性更高, 可作为rhLH体外生物活性的常规检测和鉴别方法, 也为rhLH产品质量控制及安全性、稳定性评价提供了新方法。

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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0561
  • 接收时间:2025-05-16
  • 首发时间:2026-09-21
  • 出版时间:2026-01-12
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-16
  • 修回日期:2025-10-24
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    1吉林大学生命科学学院, 吉林 长春 130012
    2中国食品药品检定研究院, 药品监管科学全国重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 国家药品监督管理局生物制品质量研究与评价重点实验室, 北京 102629
    3黑龙江省药品检验研究院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150088

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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genus
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
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属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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