Article(id=1308467842374979860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308467640138227885, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0182, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740326400000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-24, revisedDate=1748534400000, revisedDateStr=2025-05-30, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789892643778, onlineDateStr=2026-09-20, pubDate=1760198400000, pubDateStr=2025-10-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789892643778, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789892643778, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789892643778, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308467640138227885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='10', pageStart='2913', pageEnd='3262', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1760198400000', pubDateStr='2025-10-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789892595562, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789893273356, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308470483071033443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308467640138227885, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308470483071033444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308467640138227885, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3074, endPage=3084, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308467842857324823, articleId=1308467842374979860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=The efficacy and mechanism of Renzhu Jianwei Granules in reversing chronic atrophic gastritis with premalignant lesions, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective to study the efficacy and mechanism of Renzhu Jianwei Granules in treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with the precancerous lesions of gastric cancer, CAG rat models were induced using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) comprehensive factor modeling method. After successful modeling, Renzhu Jianwei Granules were administered by gavage. Evaluating the efficacy of Renzhu Jianwei Granules by observing their effects on gastric acid pH, food intake, body weight, serum levels of pepsinogen (PG), gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL), and inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL-6 in CAG rats; Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining and Alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff (AB-PAS) staining were used to observe pathological changes in the gastric antral tissue; TUNEL fluorescence staining was used to observe apoptosis of gastric mucosal epithelial cells; immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of PCNA and p53 proteins in the gastric mucosa; qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of p53, Mdm2, Bcl-2, Bax, and Tnf-α, Il-1α, Il-6 in gastric tissue; Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of PTEN, Akt, NF-κB, p53, MDM2, Bcl-2, Bax in gastric tissue, and immunofluorescence staining technology was used to detect the protein expression of Bcl-2/Bax in gastric tissue. Animal experiments approved by the Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University (approval No. 2022-09-029). The results show Renzhu Jianwei Granules significantly reduced the gastric acid pH in rats, increased food intake and body weight, and decreased the serum levels of PGI/PGⅡ, GAS, MTL, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6 (P < 0.01); increased the mRNA expression levels of p53, Bax in the gastric antral tissue (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and decreased the mRNA expression levels of Mdm2, Bcl-2, Tnf-α, Il-1α, Il-6 in the gastric tissue (P < 0.01); significantly increased the protein expression levels of PTEN, p53, Bax in the gastric tissue (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and downregulated the expression of p-NF-κB, p-Akt, MDM2, Bcl-2 proteins (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). To sum up, Renzhu Jianwei Granules treat CAG by intervening in the PTEN/Akt/p53 pathway, inducing cell apoptosis, and preventing precancerous lesions.

, authors=Ying DU1, Yu-han WANG1, Si-lu LI1, Jie-jie WU1, Zi-qian HUANG1, Fang HUANG1, 2, *, Hai-li WANG2, Kai-jun ZHAO2, Jun CHENG2, authorsList=Ying DU, Yu-han WANG, Si-lu LI, Jie-jie WU, Zi-qian HUANG, Fang HUANG, Hai-li WANG, Kai-jun ZHAO, Jun CHENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fang HUANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308467849371078958, articleId=1308467842374979860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=仁术健胃颗粒逆转慢性萎缩性胃炎伴胃癌前病变的药效及机制研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, MNNG) 综合因素造模法诱导慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis, CAG) 大鼠模型, 造模成功后灌胃给予仁术健胃颗粒, 动物实验经中国药科大学伦理委员会批准(批准号2022-09-029), 观察仁术健胃颗粒对CAG大鼠胃酸pH值、摄食量、体重, 血清中胃蛋白酶原(pepsinogen, PG)、胃泌素(gastrin, GAS)、胃动素(motilin, MTL) 及肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1α (interleukin-1α, IL-1α)、白细胞介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6) 含量的影响; H&E染色、AB-PAS染色观察胃窦组织病理变化; TUNEL荧光染色观察胃黏膜上皮细胞凋亡情况; 免疫荧光染色检测胃黏膜PCNA、p53蛋白表达; 利用qRT-PCR检测胃组织中p53、Mdm2、Bcl-2、Bax及Tnf-α、Il-1α、Il-6 mRNA表达; 利用Western blot检测胃组织中PTEN、Akt、NF-κB、p53、MDM2、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达, 利用免疫荧光双染技术检测胃组织中Bcl-2/Bax蛋白表达。结果显示, 仁术健胃颗粒可以显著降低大鼠胃酸pH值, 增加摄食量和体重, 降低血清中PGI/PGII、GAS、MTL、TNF-α、IL-1α、IL-6含量(P < 0.01); 升高胃窦组织中p53、Bax mRNA表达水平(P < 0.05或P < 0.01), 降低胃组织中Mdm2、Bcl-2、Tnf-α、Il-1α、Il-6 mRNA表达水平(P < 0.01); 显著升高胃组织中PTEN、p53、Bax蛋白表达水平(P < 0.05或P < 0.01), 下调p-NF-κB、p-Akt、MDM2、Bcl-2蛋白表达(P < 0.05或P < 0.01), 综上, 仁术健胃颗粒通过干预PTEN/Akt/p53通路治疗CAG, 诱导细胞凋亡, 预防癌前病变。

, authors=杜莹1, 王雨涵1, 李思璐1, 吴洁洁1, 黄子倩1, 黄芳1, 2, *, 王海丽2, 赵开军2, 成俊2, authorsList=杜莹, 王雨涵, 李思璐, 吴洁洁, 黄子倩, 黄芳, 王海丽, 赵开军, 成俊, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=黄芳, authorNote=

作者贡献:

杜莹负责文献调研及论文撰写; 王雨涵、李思璐、吴洁洁、黄子倩负责试剂盒检测及模型建立; 黄芳、王海丽、赵开军、成俊负责论文选题和拟定论文框架的指导、把关, 以及论文的修改和定稿。

, correspAuthorsNote=
黄芳, E-mail:
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CAG: Chronic atrophic gastritis; PLGC: Precancerous lesions of gastric cancer; RZJWG: Renzhu Jianwei Granules; MNNG: N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, figureFileSmall=E8S4DrNakHrm1GgmlpYM8g==, figureFileBig=vxkNcAWRHNU1BnxxV5CqUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497440626537245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=9Bc4uRXGi50XrN5hM12iRA==, figureFileBig=Df+jKxBWyPy+xsWQ3tUOjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497440714617630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=CN, label=Fig.2, caption=The effect of RZJWG on body weight and organ index of CAG and PLGC. A: Changes in body weight of CAG rats; B: Stomach index of CAG rats; C: Spleen index of CAG rats; D: Changes in body weight of PLGC rats; E: Stomach index of PLGC rats; F: Spleen index of PLGC rats. n = 10-12, x±s. #P < 0.05 vs blank group; **P < 0.01 vs model group, figureFileSmall=9Bc4uRXGi50XrN5hM12iRA==, figureFileBig=Df+jKxBWyPy+xsWQ3tUOjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497441071133471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=uzbfElmCBplR0E5UacNLRA==, figureFileBig=tKngvEglQhQySWXpMB5opQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497441163408160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=CN, label=Fig.3, caption=The therapeutic effect of RZJWG on CAG and PLGC rats. A: Representative diagram of CAG rat stomach morphology; B: H&E staining of CAG rat stomach (×100, scale bar: 250 μm); C: Representative diagram of PLGC rat stomach morphology; D: H&E staining of PLGC rat stomach (×100, scale bar: 250 μm); E: AB-PAS stained sections of PLGC rat stomach (×100, scale bar: 250 μm). AB-PAS: Alcian blue-periodic acid schiff, figureFileSmall=uzbfElmCBplR0E5UacNLRA==, figureFileBig=tKngvEglQhQySWXpMB5opQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497441427649313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=/fXcnfkEwSsJ0cv+JvlcPQ==, figureFileBig=NYVKJG1KgKRaRM0mHeCrbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497441494758178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=CN, label=Fig.4, caption=The effect of RZJWG on serum inflammatory factors and gastric function levels in CAG rats. A: Serum TNF-α contents; B: Serum IL-1β contents; C: Serum IL-6 contents; D: Serum MTL contents; E: Serum GAS contents; F: Serum PGI contents; G: Serum PGII contents; H: Serum PGI/PGII contents; I: pH of gastric acid. n = 10-12, x±s. ##P < 0.01 vs blank group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs model group. GAS: Gastrin; MTL: Motilin; PG: Pepsinogen, figureFileSmall=/fXcnfkEwSsJ0cv+JvlcPQ==, figureFileBig=NYVKJG1KgKRaRM0mHeCrbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497441574449955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=XAlduw+x+JNf3n7L9jAPLg==, figureFileBig=43pRI3UENPJzR4TTxp7dzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497441847079716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=CN, label=Fig.5, caption=The effect of RZJWG on serum inflammatory factors and gastric function levels in PLGC rats. A: Serum TNF-α contents; B: Serum IL-1β contents; C: Serum IL-6 contents; D: Serum MTL contents; E: Serum GAS contents; F: pH of gastric acid; G: Serum PGI contents; H: Serum PGII contents; I: Serum PGI/PGII; J: Expression of Il-1β genes in gastric; K: Expression of Il-6 genes in gastric; L: Expression of Tnf-α genes in gastric. n = 10-12, x±s. ##P < 0.01 vs blank group; **P < 0.01 vs model group, figureFileSmall=XAlduw+x+JNf3n7L9jAPLg==, figureFileBig=43pRI3UENPJzR4TTxp7dzA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497441926771493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=FpmSJgfQRNpHFTn2WuV1ow==, figureFileBig=9Eekw8fK/9qYkCxkFl5PhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497442006463270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=CN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effect of RZJWG on apoptosis of rat gastric cells. A: TUNEL method (400×) was used to observe apoptosis staining sections of gastric mucosal cells in each group of rats, scale bar: 10 μm; B: Expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in gastric tissue; C: Expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes in gastric. n = 3, x±s. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs blank group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs model group, figureFileSmall=FpmSJgfQRNpHFTn2WuV1ow==, figureFileBig=9Eekw8fK/9qYkCxkFl5PhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497442258121511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=bgWN2/v2ps+FrPOQzuq2Hw==, figureFileBig=Cv9ZU3d0b8tMcjxNbTbp4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497442333618984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=CN, label=Fig.7, caption=Effects of RZJWG on the mRNA and protein expression of PTEN/Akt/NF-κB/p53 signaling pathway in gastric tissue of PLGC rats. A: PTEN protein expression; B: MDM2 protein expression; C: p53 protein expression; D: Akt protein expression and phosphorylation level; E: NF-κB protein expression and phosphorylation level; F: Expression of PCNA and p53 proteins, scale bar: 250 μm; G: Expression of p53 and Mdm2 genes in gastric tissue. n = 3, x±s. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.05 vs blank group; **P < 0.01 vs model group, figureFileSmall=bgWN2/v2ps+FrPOQzuq2Hw==, figureFileBig=Cv9ZU3d0b8tMcjxNbTbp4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308497442417505065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GeneSequence (5'-3')
GapdhF: TATGCTCTCCCTCACGCCATCC
R: GTCACGCACGATTTCCCTCTCAG
Mdm2F: CTCCGACCACCGTGCTTCTG
R: CCGACGCTGGAATCTGTGAGG
p53F: TCACCTCCACACCTCCACCTG
R: GCAGCGTCTCACGACCTCAG
Bcl-2F: CGAGTGGGATACTGGAGATGAAGAC
R: GGTTGCTCTCAGGCTGGAAGG
BaxF: CGATGAACTGGACAACAACATGGAG
R: GCCACACGGAAGAAGACCTCTC
Il-1αF: CTCACAGCAGCATCTCGACAAGAG
R: TCCACGGGCAAGACATAGGTAGC
Il-6F: GCCTTCTTGGGACTGATGTTGTTG
R: GTCTGTTGTGGGTGGTATCCTCTG
Tnf-αF: ATGGGCTCCCTCTCATCAGTTCC
R: CTCCTCTGCTTGGTGGTTTGCTAC
), ArticleFig(id=1308497442484613930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308467842374979860, language=CN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Primer sequences. Gadph: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Mdm2: Murine double minute2; Tnf-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; Il-1α: Interleukin-1α; Il-6: Interleukin-6

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GeneSequence (5'-3')
GapdhF: TATGCTCTCCCTCACGCCATCC
R: GTCACGCACGATTTCCCTCTCAG
Mdm2F: CTCCGACCACCGTGCTTCTG
R: CCGACGCTGGAATCTGTGAGG
p53F: TCACCTCCACACCTCCACCTG
R: GCAGCGTCTCACGACCTCAG
Bcl-2F: CGAGTGGGATACTGGAGATGAAGAC
R: GGTTGCTCTCAGGCTGGAAGG
BaxF: CGATGAACTGGACAACAACATGGAG
R: GCCACACGGAAGAAGACCTCTC
Il-1αF: CTCACAGCAGCATCTCGACAAGAG
R: TCCACGGGCAAGACATAGGTAGC
Il-6F: GCCTTCTTGGGACTGATGTTGTTG
R: GTCTGTTGTGGGTGGTATCCTCTG
Tnf-αF: ATGGGCTCCCTCTCATCAGTTCC
R: CTCCTCTGCTTGGTGGTTTGCTAC
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仁术健胃颗粒逆转慢性萎缩性胃炎伴胃癌前病变的药效及机制研究
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杜莹 1 , 王雨涵 1 , 李思璐 1 , 吴洁洁 1 , 黄子倩 1 , 黄芳 1, 2, * , 王海丽 2 , 赵开军 2 , 成俊 2
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(10): 3074-3084
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药学学报 |研究论文 2025 , 60 (10) : 3074 -3084
仁术健胃颗粒逆转慢性萎缩性胃炎伴胃癌前病变的药效及机制研究
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杜莹1, 王雨涵1, 李思璐1, 吴洁洁1, 黄子倩1, 黄芳1, 2, * , 王海丽2, 赵开军2, 成俊2
作者信息
  • 1中国药科大学中药学院, 江苏 南京 211198
  • 2南京中山制药有限公司, 江苏 南京 210046
通讯作者:
黄芳, E-mail:
作者简介:

作者贡献:

杜莹负责文献调研及论文撰写; 王雨涵、李思璐、吴洁洁、黄子倩负责试剂盒检测及模型建立; 黄芳、王海丽、赵开军、成俊负责论文选题和拟定论文框架的指导、把关, 以及论文的修改和定稿。

The efficacy and mechanism of Renzhu Jianwei Granules in reversing chronic atrophic gastritis with premalignant lesions
Ying DU1, Yu-han WANG1, Si-lu LI1, Jie-jie WU1, Zi-qian HUANG1, Fang HUANG1, 2, * , Hai-li WANG2, Kai-jun ZHAO2, Jun CHENG2
Affiliations
  • 1School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
  • 2Nanjing Zhongshan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210046, China
出版时间: 2025-10-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0182
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N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, MNNG) 综合因素造模法诱导慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis, CAG) 大鼠模型, 造模成功后灌胃给予仁术健胃颗粒, 动物实验经中国药科大学伦理委员会批准(批准号2022-09-029), 观察仁术健胃颗粒对CAG大鼠胃酸pH值、摄食量、体重, 血清中胃蛋白酶原(pepsinogen, PG)、胃泌素(gastrin, GAS)、胃动素(motilin, MTL) 及肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1α (interleukin-1α, IL-1α)、白细胞介素-6 (interleukin-6, IL-6) 含量的影响; H&E染色、AB-PAS染色观察胃窦组织病理变化; TUNEL荧光染色观察胃黏膜上皮细胞凋亡情况; 免疫荧光染色检测胃黏膜PCNA、p53蛋白表达; 利用qRT-PCR检测胃组织中p53、Mdm2、Bcl-2、Bax及Tnf-α、Il-1α、Il-6 mRNA表达; 利用Western blot检测胃组织中PTEN、Akt、NF-κB、p53、MDM2、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达, 利用免疫荧光双染技术检测胃组织中Bcl-2/Bax蛋白表达。结果显示, 仁术健胃颗粒可以显著降低大鼠胃酸pH值, 增加摄食量和体重, 降低血清中PGI/PGII、GAS、MTL、TNF-α、IL-1α、IL-6含量(P < 0.01); 升高胃窦组织中p53、Bax mRNA表达水平(P < 0.05或P < 0.01), 降低胃组织中Mdm2、Bcl-2、Tnf-α、Il-1α、Il-6 mRNA表达水平(P < 0.01); 显著升高胃组织中PTEN、p53、Bax蛋白表达水平(P < 0.05或P < 0.01), 下调p-NF-κB、p-Akt、MDM2、Bcl-2蛋白表达(P < 0.05或P < 0.01), 综上, 仁术健胃颗粒通过干预PTEN/Akt/p53通路治疗CAG, 诱导细胞凋亡, 预防癌前病变。

仁术健胃颗粒  /  慢性萎缩性胃炎  /  胃癌前病变  /  炎-癌转变  /  p53/Bcl-2

Objective to study the efficacy and mechanism of Renzhu Jianwei Granules in treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with the precancerous lesions of gastric cancer, CAG rat models were induced using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) comprehensive factor modeling method. After successful modeling, Renzhu Jianwei Granules were administered by gavage. Evaluating the efficacy of Renzhu Jianwei Granules by observing their effects on gastric acid pH, food intake, body weight, serum levels of pepsinogen (PG), gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL), and inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL-6 in CAG rats; Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining and Alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff (AB-PAS) staining were used to observe pathological changes in the gastric antral tissue; TUNEL fluorescence staining was used to observe apoptosis of gastric mucosal epithelial cells; immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of PCNA and p53 proteins in the gastric mucosa; qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of p53, Mdm2, Bcl-2, Bax, and Tnf-α, Il-1α, Il-6 in gastric tissue; Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of PTEN, Akt, NF-κB, p53, MDM2, Bcl-2, Bax in gastric tissue, and immunofluorescence staining technology was used to detect the protein expression of Bcl-2/Bax in gastric tissue. Animal experiments approved by the Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University (approval No. 2022-09-029). The results show Renzhu Jianwei Granules significantly reduced the gastric acid pH in rats, increased food intake and body weight, and decreased the serum levels of PGI/PGⅡ, GAS, MTL, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6 (P < 0.01); increased the mRNA expression levels of p53, Bax in the gastric antral tissue (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and decreased the mRNA expression levels of Mdm2, Bcl-2, Tnf-α, Il-1α, Il-6 in the gastric tissue (P < 0.01); significantly increased the protein expression levels of PTEN, p53, Bax in the gastric tissue (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and downregulated the expression of p-NF-κB, p-Akt, MDM2, Bcl-2 proteins (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). To sum up, Renzhu Jianwei Granules treat CAG by intervening in the PTEN/Akt/p53 pathway, inducing cell apoptosis, and preventing precancerous lesions.

Renzhu Jianwei Granules  /  chronic atrophic gastritis  /  gastric precancerous lesion  /  inflammation-malignant transformation  /  p53/Bcl-2
杜莹, 王雨涵, 李思璐, 吴洁洁, 黄子倩, 黄芳, 王海丽, 赵开军, 成俊. 仁术健胃颗粒逆转慢性萎缩性胃炎伴胃癌前病变的药效及机制研究. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (10) : 3074 -3084 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0182
Ying DU, Yu-han WANG, Si-lu LI, Jie-jie WU, Zi-qian HUANG, Fang HUANG, Hai-li WANG, Kai-jun ZHAO, Jun CHENG. The efficacy and mechanism of Renzhu Jianwei Granules in reversing chronic atrophic gastritis with premalignant lesions[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (10) : 3074 -3084 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0182
胃癌(gastric cancer, GC)[1]是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一, 在全球癌症疾病中其发病率第五、死亡率第四。东亚地区是胃癌的高发区域, 我国胃癌发病率占全世界44%, 全球第一[2]。胃癌的发生是一个多步骤病变的过程, Correa[3]在1995年提出了“胃黏膜正常-浅表性胃炎-萎缩性胃炎-肠上皮化生-异型增生-肠型胃癌”的发展模式。胃癌是经典的炎症依赖性肿瘤, 促肿瘤生长细胞因子如肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α) 等的慢性浸润和活化的核因子-κB(nuclear factor kappa B, NF-κB) 大大增加了癌变风险。慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis, CAG) 表现为胃黏膜固有腺体减少或消失, 部分伴纤维替代、肠腺化生和(或) 假幽门腺化生, 是“炎-癌”转化的关键环节[4]。
鉴于胃癌疾病死亡率高、预后情况差等特点, 许多专家学者指出, 将胃癌的研究提前到萎缩性胃炎及胃癌前病变(precancerous lesions of gastric cancer, PLGC) 的阶段, 及时采取相应措施阻断胃癌发展的途径, 是防治胃癌的最佳途径[5]。有研究表明, 中药对于抑制炎症反应, 增强肠道屏障功能以治疗慢性胃炎有良好药效, 如六君子汤可以通过调控PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路促进细胞自噬, 提示中药在该领域的应用具有良好前景[6]。
仁术健胃颗粒(Renzhu Jianwei Granules, RZJWG) 以黄芪、白术共为君药, 益气健脾、治疗脾虚之本, 黄芪具有抗氧化活性、增强免疫力的作用, 通过调节p53的表达防止胃黏膜损伤, 并预防和治疗胃黏膜萎缩[7]; 白术的乙醇提取物通过抑制Akt/IκBα/NF-κB信号通路, 发挥抗炎作用[8]。黄芩清热燥湿, 泻火解毒, 其主要成分黄芩苷能够诱导核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3 (NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing protein 3, NLRP3) 炎症体激活引起的胃癌细胞焦亡[9]; 薏苡仁健脾止泻、消瘤抗癌而不伤正; 仙鹤草健胃消痞, 莪术行气破血, 消积止痛, 以上四味共为臣药, 佐以半边莲、白花蛇舌草清热解毒抗癌防变, 诸药配伍, 气血同调, 既能济本又能攻邪。相关研究表明[10, 11], 仁术健胃颗粒兔含药血清能够显著提高肿瘤抑制关键因子p16的表达, 从而抑制MC细胞的增殖, 促进癌前病变细胞的凋亡, 逆转胃癌前病变; Zhang等[12]证实该方对胃癌、胃癌前病变有较好疗效, 且有p53基因多态者疗效优于无p53基因多态患者, 提示其作用机制可能与抑制p53多态改变及抑制基因突变有关。
本实验期望验证仁术健胃颗粒通过激活抑癌基因p53, 一方面调节凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2和Bax调控细胞凋亡, 另一方面作用于NF-κB等炎症相关信号以发挥抗炎作用, 治疗CAG, 逆转胃癌前病变。通过深入明确其作用机制, 为临床上更深一步拓展其应用奠定理论基础。
实验动物  SPF级健康雄性SD大鼠, 5~6周龄, 体质量180 ± 20 g, 购自济南朋悦实验动物繁育有限公司, 许可证号SCXK (鲁) 2022-0006。动物饲养于中国药科大学药学动物实验中心, 温度18~22 ℃, 相对湿度55%~65%, 许可证编号SYXK (苏) 2021-0011。动物实验经中国药科大学伦理委员会批准(批准号2022-09-029)。
实验药物与主要试剂 仁术健胃颗粒(批号220701) 由南京中山制药有限公司提供; 维酶素片(批号231107) 购于洛阳伊龙药业有限公司; N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(MNNG, 货号M425595)、去氧胆酸钠(货号S755751-25g)、水杨酸钠(货号S30532) 均购于上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司。大鼠胃泌素(gastrin, GAS, SBJ-R0813)、大鼠胃动素(motilin, MTL, SBJ-R0507)、大鼠胃蛋白酶原I (PGI, SBJ-R0909)、大鼠胃蛋白酶原II (PGII, SBJ-R1042)、大鼠白介素6 (IL-6, SBJ-R0755)、大鼠白介素1α (IL-1α, SBJ-R0546)、大鼠肿瘤坏死因子α (TNF-α, SBJ-R0040) ELISA试剂盒均购于南京森贝伽生物科技有限公司; GADPH抗体(60004-1-Ig)、p53抗体(10442-1-AP)、Bcl-2抗体(26593-1-AP)、Bax抗体(50599-2-Ig) 均购于武汉三鹰生物技术有限公司; NF-κB p65抗体(A19653)、phospho-NF-κB p65抗体(AP1294)、PTEN抗体(A19104)、MDM2抗体(A23388) 均购于爱博泰克生物科技有限公司。Akt抗体(9271)、phospho-Akt抗体(9272) 购于Cell Signaling Technology公司。
仪器  5415R型高速冷冻离心机(德国Eppendorf公司); PB303-N型电子天平(德国Mettler Toledo公司); 显影仪(上海天能科技有限公司Tanon 5200); Direct-Q3实验室纯水/超纯水一体化系统(美国Millipore公司); 垂直电泳槽、转膜仪(Tanon公司); 切片扫描仪(Hamamatsu公司); 酶标仪(Thermo Scientific公司)。
造模 适应性喂养1周后, SD大鼠随机分为对照组(24只)、萎缩性胃炎模型组(CAG) (48只)、胃癌前病变模型组(PLGC) (48只), 模型组大鼠使用多因素综合诱导法构建模型。对照组: 正常喂养, 灌胃等体积灭菌饮用水。模型组: 不规律饮食, 两日饱食, 一日禁食; 配制质量浓度为170 μg·mL-1 MNNG溶液作为饮用水自由饮用(饮用瓶外加锡纸以避光), 隔日给予2%水杨酸钠+脱氧胆酸钠(20 mmol·L-1) 溶液灌胃[13], CAG组造模连续12周, PLGC组造模18周[14]。每周记录大鼠体质量, 造模结束后, 随机取3只大鼠进行造模结果判断, 病理学观察与正常大鼠胃黏膜比较以验证胃黏膜组织是否萎缩, 若3只均出现CAG伴肠上皮化生或异型增生, 即可判定造模成功。
造模4周后, SD大鼠按照随机原则分为空白对照组(Blank)、CAG模型(12周, CAG model) 组, 仁术健胃颗粒低(L)、高剂量组(H)、维酶素组(Y); PLGC模型(18周, PLGC model) 组、仁术健胃颗粒预给药低(Pre-L)、高剂量组(Pre-H)及维酶素预给药组(Pre-Y), 每组12只。
给药 大鼠灌胃体积1 mL·100 g-1, 维酶素组(0.32 g·kg-1, 相当于临床等效剂量)、仁术健胃颗粒低、高剂量组(3.6、7.2 g·kg-1, 临床等效剂量的1、2倍)。对照组和模型组给予等体积单蒸水。造模4周后, 预给药组每日给药1次, 连续14周; 造模12周后, 治疗组每日给药1次, 连续6周。实验流程如图1所示。
一般状态检测 实验期间每周1次对大鼠进行称重, 记录大鼠体质量变化。观察大鼠进食量、毛色、大小便情况等活动情况并记录。
样本采集 末次给药后24 h, 大鼠腹腔注射给予2%戊巴比妥钠麻醉, 腹主动脉放血实施安乐死, 全血室温静置30 min后, 3 000 r·min-1离心15 min, 收集上清, 储存于-80 ℃冰箱。完整取下脾、胃等各脏器, 沿胃大弯剪开胃体, 用生理盐水漂去内容物后, 拭干并称定胃净质量。精密称定脏器重量, 计算各器官脏器指数。脏器指数=脏器质量(g) /体质量(g)。取胃窦于4%多聚甲醛中固定, 其余胃放入液氮快速冷冻后-80 ℃冰箱保存。
胃液pH值检测  用校准后的pH计检测胃液pH值并记录。
H&E染色观察胃黏膜病理变化  将固定好的胃组织取出, 常规石蜡包埋, 切片, 梯度脱水, 苏木素染色, 伊红染色, 脱水后中性树胶封片。光学显微镜下观察组织病变情况, 以胃黏膜损伤、出血、黏膜水肿、炎症和萎缩情况(各情况依严重程度分为0~4分) 作为判断标准[15]。
ELISA法检测血清中生化指标及炎症因子水平  取各组大鼠血清, 严格按照相关说明书操作, 检测血清MTL、GAS、PGI、PGII、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1α水平, 计算PGR (PGI/PGII)。
AB-PAS染色法观察肠上皮化生情况  石蜡切片使用AB-PAS染液C进行染色15 min, 用水润洗; 使用AB-PAS染液B进行酸化15 min, 自来水润洗1次, 蒸馏水润洗两次; AB-PAS染液A避光染色30 min, 流水冲洗5 min; 最后梯度脱水封固。光学显微镜下观察组织病变情况, 酸性黏液物质呈蓝色, 糖原和中性黏液物质呈红色, 混合黏液物质呈紫蓝色或蓝紫色。
TUNEL染色法观察胃组织细胞凋亡情况  石蜡切片按照TUNEL试剂盒说明书染色, 荧光显微镜下观察胃黏膜组织细胞凋亡情况。
Western blot检测胃组织蛋白表达  称取适量胃组织, 按照1∶10的比例加入RIPA强裂解液(含0.01%蛋白酶抑制剂), 60 Hz匀浆60 s, 研磨6次, 静置30 min后4 ℃、12 000 r·min-1离心15 min, 收集上清液。BCA法测定蛋白浓度, 随后加入5× loading buffer, 沸水浴15 min后取出。蛋白样品按BCA试剂盒测定浓度上样, 经十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳后, 转至0.45 μm PVDF膜, 转膜完成后放入TBST配制的5%脱脂牛奶中, 室温封闭2 h, 加入一抗, 4 ℃孵育过夜; 次日TBST漂洗, 加入二抗孵育, ECL显影, 采用Image J软件分析目的蛋白条带灰度值。
免疫组化检测鼠胃组织p53、PCNA蛋白表达  石蜡切片按照免疫组化检测试剂盒操作说明进行染色。一抗p53、PCNA均以1∶1 000稀释, 孵育过夜; 二抗HRP标记山羊抗兔IgG抗体以1∶4 000稀释, 孵育50 min, 光学显微镜下采集图片。
qRT-PCR检测大鼠胃组织mRNA表达  取-80 ℃保存的胃组织, 按照试剂盒说明书提取总RNA并逆转录为cDNA, 进行qRT-PCR分析。引物由南京擎科生物科技有限公司合成, 引物序列见表1。
统计学分析 所有数据用GraphPad Prism 7软件进行统计分析, 计量资料用均数±标准差($ \stackrel{-}{x} $ ± s) 表示, 组间差异用单因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA) 及LSD-t检验, 显著性阈值设定为P < 0.05, P < 0.01表示极显著性差异。
对比空白组, 模型组大鼠活动减少, 精神萎靡, 毛发枯燥无光泽, 色偏米黄, 粪便稀软; 各给药组大鼠相较模型组活动量增加, 反应相对较快, 毛发润泽度有所改善, 粪便正常。
每周测量大鼠体重, 如图2A、D所示, 造模后各给药组大鼠体重显著下降, CAG各预给药组在给药6周后体重显著回升, PLGC各给药组体重有回升趋势但无显著差异。图2B、C、E、F显示, 模型组的胃脏器指数显著升高(P < 0.05), 表明胃组织存在炎症、充血, RZJWG能够极显著降低胃脏器指数(P < 0.01), 脾脏器指数各组间无显著性差异, 上述均提示RZJWG对CAG的体内治疗作用。
如图3A、C所示, 肉眼观察CAG模型组胃组织皱壁变细, 黏膜变薄, PLGC组大鼠胃组织部分伴有糜烂, 黏膜下血管清晰可见, 可见出血。
H&E切片结果显示, 对照组大鼠胃窦组织结构和形态均完整, 黏膜层、黏膜下层、肌层及浆膜层层次清晰; CAG、PLGC模型组大鼠胃黏膜浅层固有腺体减少, 结构紊乱, 排列稀疏, 且黏膜下层可见炎症细胞浸润; 给药后胃黏膜损伤有所恢复, 固有层腺体结构恢复正常(图3B、D)。
AB-PAS染色结果显示, 空白组大鼠胃黏膜分泌中性糖蛋白黏液, 染色见紫红色, 未见蓝染病灶, 无明显肠上皮化生。PLGC模型组大鼠胃黏膜上皮细胞分泌酸性糖蛋白及蛋白多糖黏液, 呈明显蓝色染灶, 中性糖黏液分泌减少, 导致染色后紫色区域减少, 胃黏膜下层出现纤维化, 粉红色的胶原纤维增加, 且个别伴肠上皮化生, 杯状细胞分泌酸性黏蛋白呈深蓝色。仁术健胃颗粒低剂量组大鼠胃黏膜仍可见分布蓝染病灶。维酶素组和仁术健胃颗粒高剂量组大鼠胃黏膜细胞染为红色, 与空白组接近(图3E)。
ELISA试剂盒测定CAG大鼠血清中炎症因子水平TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6显示, 与模型组相比, 各给药组含量显著降低(P < 0.05或P < 0.01); GAS、MTL是重要的胃肠激素, 可促进胃肠道的分泌功能, 促进胃窦、胃体收缩, 增加胃肠道的运动[16], 与空白组相比, 模型组大鼠GAS、MTL、PGII、胃酸pH值显著升高(P < 0.01), PGI水平显著降低(P < 0.01), 给药后GAS、MTL显著降低(P < 0.01), PGR (PGI/II) 显著升高(P < 0.01), 高剂量给药组胃酸水平降低(P < 0.05) (图4)。
在PLGC预防给药组中也显示同样结果, 且药效更为明显(P < 0.01) (图5A~I); PLGC组大鼠胃组织qRT-PCR结果显示, 与对照组相比, 模型组的炎症因子表达显著增加(P < 0.01); 与模型组相比, RZJWG给药组的炎症因子表达显著降低(P < 0.01) (图5J~L), 提示RZJWG在降低PLGC大鼠胃组织中炎症因子的mRNA表达方面效果显著。
上述结果表明, RZJWG有助于减轻胃组织的炎症反应, 有效治疗CAG导致的胃动力失常及胃酸分泌失常, 且将RZJWG的给药提前至浅表性胃炎发病阶段对于延缓胃癌前病变具有良好的临床意义。
图6A中TUNEL荧光染色切片所示, 空白组胃黏膜腺体内可见凋亡阳性细胞(绿色荧光) 分布; PLGC模型凋亡细胞减少。高剂量组和阳性药组凋亡细胞明显增加, 接近于空白组; 低剂量虽可促进细胞凋亡的发生但效果不显著。
凋亡是在不同生理调节下细胞触发的程序性死亡[17], Bcl-2和Bax蛋白在调节细胞凋亡中发挥至关重要的作用。Bax作为促凋亡蛋白, 主要通过增加线粒体膜通透性, 启动凋亡程序; Bcl-2是抗凋亡蛋白, 可以通过线粒体途径、内质网途径使细胞免于死亡: 当细胞受到严重损伤时, 促凋亡信号会汇聚到线粒体, 导致线粒体外膜通透性增加, 释放促凋亡因子。Bcl-2通过直接或间接稳定线粒体外膜, 从而阻止凋亡因子的释放, 截断凋亡级联反应的启动。内质网是蛋白质合成、折叠、修饰和钙储存的主要场所。内质网应激可触发独立的凋亡途径。Bcl-2主要通过降低内质网钙储存水平, 减少应激时致命的钙释放及其对线粒体的损伤, 并缓解内质网应激本身, 从而阻断内质网途径触发的凋亡[18]。肿瘤不仅是一种细胞增殖异常疾病, 同时也是一种死亡异常疾病[19]。当Bcl-2/Bax比值升高时, 提示凋亡被抑制, 胃黏膜上皮细胞异常增殖, 从而促进胃癌的发生与发展。
Western blot和qRT-PCR结果显示, 与空白组比较, PLGC模型组大鼠胃组织中Bcl-2蛋白表达显著升高(P < 0.05), Bax表达显著降低(P < 0.05); 与PLGC模型组相比, RZJWG高剂量组Bax蛋白表达显著升高(P < 0.05), 其余给药组有趋势但无显著性差异, 各给药组mRNA表达极显著升高(P < 0.01); Bcl-2蛋白和mRNA表达均显著降低(P < 0.01) (图6B、C)。上述结果表明, RZJWG可以促进细胞程序化凋亡, 发挥抗肿瘤药效。
磷酸酶与张力蛋白同源物(recombinant phosphatase and tensin homolog, PTEN) 作为抑癌基因[20, 21], 可以负向调控Akt下游信号通路, Akt的激活在炎症反应和癌变中都起到至关重要的作用[22], 一方面, 异常激活的Akt减弱对MDM2的抑制, 下调p53表达, p53是一个重要的抑癌基因, 野生型p53可以诱导癌细胞的凋亡, 参与DNA的错配修复过程, 从而防止癌变[23]。此外, PI3K/Akt途径的激活与NF-κB密切相关, NF-κB是肿瘤发生的关键启动子, 也是“炎-癌转变”的关键蛋白, NF-κB的活化可加速细胞增殖、抑制凋亡、促进细胞迁移和侵袭。
增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA) 是评价细胞增殖状态的指标[24], 而肿瘤细胞具有旺盛的增殖活性, PCNA对癌细胞的DNA复制至关重要, 可作为肿瘤发生的标志物[25]。
Western blot结果显示, 与空白组比较, PLGC模型组大鼠PTEN表达显著降低(P < 0.01), p-Akt、p-NF-κB、MDM2表达显著升高(P < 0.05, P < 0.01), p53表达无显著性差异; 与PLGC模型组比较, RZJWG高剂量组p53、PTEN蛋白表达显著升高(P < 0.01), p-Akt、p-NF-κB、MDM2表达显著降低(P < 0.01) (图7A~E)。免疫组化结果如图7F所示, PCNA、p53蛋白主要表达于大鼠胃黏膜上皮、固有层细胞。与空白组比较, PLGC模型组PCNA蛋白阳性表达显著升高, p53蛋白无显著差异; 与模型组相比, 各给药组PCNA蛋白表达显著降低, p53蛋白表达显著升高。
qRT-PCR结果同样显示, 与空白组相比, Mdm2表达显著升高, p53表达无显著性差异, 与PLGC模型组比较, RZJWG各给药组p53基因表达显著升高, Mdm2表达显著降低(P < 0.01) (图7G)。
本实验验证了仁术健胃颗粒在治疗CAG及逆转PLGC中的显著疗效, 并深入揭示了其作用机制。
本实验通过MNNG综合造模法诱导大鼠CAG及PLGC模型。MNNG[26]用于模拟人类摄入过多硝酸盐(腌制食品) 在胃内转化为亚硝酸胺等致癌物质; 脱氧胆酸钠[27]可中和胃酸, 造成胃黏膜病变且模拟胆汁反流对胃黏膜的侵害; 水杨酸钠属于非甾体抗炎药, 可释放大量促炎因子从而加速黏膜炎症; 饮食不规律会造成胃酸分泌紊乱, 从而对胃黏膜产生刺激, 进而引发胃炎, 导致胃黏膜萎缩、肠上皮化生等。
研究表明, 仁术健胃颗粒可以显著改善CAG及PLGC模型大鼠的生理状态, 同时, 血清中GAS、MTL及炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-1α、IL-6) 水平显著下降, 表明该复方通过抑制促炎因子的释放, 减轻胃黏膜的慢性炎症反应, 缓解胃酸分泌紊乱与消化功能障碍。病理学观察进一步证实, 仁术健胃颗粒可修复胃黏膜萎缩, 减少肠上皮化生及异型增生。
同时, 本实验深入探究作用机制, 发现仁术健胃颗粒促进胃黏膜上皮细胞的程序性死亡。有研究证明, PTEN可以抑制PI3K/Akt通路[28], 阻止细胞周期进程, 使细胞阻滞在G1期, 从而抑制细胞增殖[29]。PI3K/Akt通路的激活可以促进NF-κB的核转位和活性, 而PTEN的低表达可能导致PI3K/Akt通路的异常激活, 进而促进NF-κB的激活[30]。在胃癌前病变中, NF-κB的激活可以促进炎症反应的发生, 诱导炎症细胞的浸润和炎症因子的分泌。这些炎症因子不仅能够促进细胞的增殖和存活, 还能够抑制免疫细胞的功能[31], 因此, 在胃癌前病变中, PTEN的低表达可能导致细胞增殖失控及凋亡减少, 并促进炎症。仁术健胃颗粒显著上调PTEN蛋白表达, 抑制Akt磷酸化, 阻断下游NF-κB的活化, 降低炎症与细胞增殖相关信号通路的活性。
p53是一种重要的抑癌基因, 其编码的蛋白在细胞周期调控、DNA修复和细胞凋亡中发挥关键作用。MDM2是p53的主要负性调节因子, 它通过泛素化修饰p53并促进其降解, 从而抑制p53的活性[32-34]。当细胞受到应激或DNA损伤时, p53被激活, 通过转录调控作用, 抑制Bcl-2的表达, 同时促进Bax的表达。在胃癌前病变中, p53的功能被抑制可能导致Bcl-2的表达增加和Bax的表达减少, 从而抑制细胞凋亡, 促进病变的发生[35]。本实验证明, 仁术健胃颗粒通过抑制MDM2的表达, 激活抑癌基因p53, 调节凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2/Bax的平衡, 从而促进胃黏膜上皮细胞的程序性死亡。
综上所述, 本研究为仁术健胃颗粒治疗“炎-癌转化”提供了科学依据, 提示仁术健胃颗粒可通过多靶点干预延缓甚至逆转CAG向胃癌的发展, 具有良好的应用前景。

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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0182
  • 接收时间:2025-02-24
  • 首发时间:2026-09-20
  • 出版时间:2025-10-12
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-24
  • 修回日期:2025-05-30
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    1中国药科大学中药学院, 江苏 南京 211198
    2南京中山制药有限公司, 江苏 南京 210046

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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