Article(id=1308456020095820233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455539181114200, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1198, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733155200000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-03, revisedDate=1746374400000, revisedDateStr=2025-05-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789889825127, onlineDateStr=2026-09-20, pubDate=1752249600000, pubDateStr=2025-07-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789889825127, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789889825127, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789889825127, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308455539181114200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='7', pageStart='1965', pageEnd='2374', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1752249600000', pubDateStr='2025-07-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789889710469, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789895523604, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308479921307807825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455539181114200, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308479921307807826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455539181114200, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2283, endPage=2291, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308456020280369610, articleId=1308456020095820233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=A reporter gene assays for bioactivity determination of luteinizing hormone, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this study, LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293 cell line and LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293 cell line were constructed according to the cAMP signaling pathway activated by luteinizing hormone (LH) binding to the receptor. The biological activity of LH was detected by luciferase detection system, and the relative titer of samples was calculated by four parameter fitting analysis. The method conditions were optimized, and the specificity, relative accuracy, precision and linearity of the method were verified. The results showed that there was a dose-response relationship between the concentration of LH and the expression of reporter gene, and it conformed to the four-parameter curve. After optimization, the conditions were determined as follows: the initial concentration of LH was 200 nmol·mL-1, 6-fold serial dilution, 10 concentrations, the number of cells per well was 30 000, and the incubation time was 6 h. It is proved that the method has strong specificity, good accuracy, precision and linearity. This study successfully established and validated a reporter gene method to detect LH biological activity, which can be used for LH biological activity detection and quality control. With the increasing demand for the research and development of LH biosimilar drugs, the establishment of a stable and simple activity assay method to evaluate the biological activity of LH can provide technical support for the quality control of LH products and a powerful tool for the comparative study of similar products.

, authors=Zhe DENG1, 2, Xiao-ming ZHANG2, Ying HUANG3, Cheng-gang LIANG2, Hong-yu XIANG1, *, Jing LI2, *, authorsList=Zhe DENG, Xiao-ming ZHANG, Ying HUANG, Cheng-gang LIANG, Hong-yu XIANG, Jing LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hong-yu XIANG, Jing LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308456021404443093, articleId=1308456020095820233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=利用报告基因法建立促黄体激素生物学活性测定方法, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

本研究根据促黄体激素(luteinizing hormone, LH) 与受体结合后激活cAMP信号通路, 构建了LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞系, 并用实验室已建立的LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞系, 分别建立了检测LH生物活性的报告基因法。对该方法条件进行优化, 对方法的专属性、相对准确度、精密度和线性进行验证。结果显示, LH浓度与报告基因表达量存在量效关系, 且符合四参数曲线。经优化后, 条件确定为LH起始浓度为200 nmol·mL-1, 6倍连续稀释, 10个浓度, 细胞数为每孔30 000个, 孵育时间为6 h。经证实该方法专属性强, 准确度、精密度、线性良好。本研究成功建立并验证了检测LH生物学活性的报告基因法, 可以用于LH生物活性检测和质量控制。

, authors=邓哲1, 2, 张孝明2, 黄盈3, 梁成罡2, 相宏宇1, *, 李晶2, *, authorsList=邓哲, 张孝明, 黄盈, 梁成罡, 相宏宇, 李晶, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=相宏宇, 李晶, authorNote=

#共同第一作者.

作者贡献:

邓哲负责实验设计、完成实验主要内容和文章撰写; 张孝明负责前期实验条件摸索和文章撰写; 黄盈负责提供材料支持; 李晶、相宏宇、梁成罡负责指导实验设计思路、提出修改意见。

, correspAuthorsNote=
相宏宇, E-mail:
李晶, E-mail:
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Endocrinology, 2013, 154: 4939-4945., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1308499973130518649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308456020095820233, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Burgon PG, Stanton PG, Robertson DM. In vivo bioactivities and clearance patterns of highly purified human luteinizing hormone isoforms [J]. 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Potency levelLogarithmic potencyPotencyRelative bias
AverageLCIUCIAverageLCIUCIAverageLCIRBUCIRB
64%-0.432 8-0.459 1-0.406 464.9%63.2%66.6%1.4%-1.3%4.1%
80%-0.184 2-0.197 9-0.170 483.2%82.0%84.3%4.0%2.6%5.4%
100%0.006 0-0.027 80.039 7100.7%97.3%104.1%0.6%-2.7%4.1%
125%0.258 10.231 70.284 6129.5%126.1%133.0%3.6%0.9%6.3%
156%0.451 20.409 10.493 2157.3%150.8%163.7%0.7%-3.5%5.0%
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The relative bias and confidence interval of relative bioactivity of five potency levels of LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293 cells. LCI: Lower confidence interval; UCI: Upper confidence interval. Number of detection times per potency level: 8

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Potency levelLogarithmic potencyPotencyRelative bias
AverageLCIUCIAverageLCIUCIAverageLCIRBUCIRB
64%-0.432 8-0.459 1-0.406 464.9%63.2%66.6%1.4%-1.3%4.1%
80%-0.184 2-0.197 9-0.170 483.2%82.0%84.3%4.0%2.6%5.4%
100%0.006 0-0.027 80.039 7100.7%97.3%104.1%0.6%-2.7%4.1%
125%0.258 10.231 70.284 6129.5%126.1%133.0%3.6%0.9%6.3%
156%0.451 20.409 10.493 2157.3%150.8%163.7%0.7%-3.5%5.0%
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Potency levelLogarithmic potencyPotencyRelative bias
AverageLCIUCIAverageLCIUCIAverageLCIRBUCIRB
64%-0.430 6-0.463 5-0.397 765.1%62.9%67.2%1.6%-1.7%5.0%
80%-0.182 7-0.192 5-0.172 983.3%82.5%84.1%4.1%3.1%5.2%
100%0.013 1-0.013 30.039 5101.4%98.7%104.1%1.3%-1.3%4.0%
125%0.230 90.204 40.257 4126.1%122.7%129.4%0.8%-1.9%3.5%
156%0.505 40.488 00.522 8165.8%162.9%168.7%6.3%4.4%8.1%
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The relative bias and confidence interval of relative bioactivity of five potency levels of LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293 cells. Number of detection times per potency level: 8

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Potency levelLogarithmic potencyPotencyRelative bias
AverageLCIUCIAverageLCIUCIAverageLCIRBUCIRB
64%-0.430 6-0.463 5-0.397 765.1%62.9%67.2%1.6%-1.7%5.0%
80%-0.182 7-0.192 5-0.172 983.3%82.5%84.1%4.1%3.1%5.2%
100%0.013 1-0.013 30.039 5101.4%98.7%104.1%1.3%-1.3%4.0%
125%0.230 90.204 40.257 4126.1%122.7%129.4%0.8%-1.9%3.5%
156%0.505 40.488 00.522 8165.8%162.9%168.7%6.3%4.4%8.1%
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利用报告基因法建立促黄体激素生物学活性测定方法
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邓哲 1, 2 , 张孝明 2 , 黄盈 3 , 梁成罡 2 , 相宏宇 1, * , 李晶 2, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2025,60(7): 2283-2291
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药学学报 |研究论文 2025 , 60 (7) : 2283 -2291
利用报告基因法建立促黄体激素生物学活性测定方法
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邓哲1, 2, 张孝明2, 黄盈3, 梁成罡2, 相宏宇1, * , 李晶2, *
作者信息
  • 1吉林大学生命科学学院, 吉林 长春 130012
  • 2中国食品药品检定研究院, 药品监管科学全国重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 国家药品监督管理局生物制品质量研究与评价重点实验室, 北京 102629
  • 3国家药品监督管理局药品审评检查大湾区分中心, 广东 深圳 518045
通讯作者:
相宏宇, E-mail:
李晶, E-mail:
作者简介:

#共同第一作者.

作者贡献:

邓哲负责实验设计、完成实验主要内容和文章撰写; 张孝明负责前期实验条件摸索和文章撰写; 黄盈负责提供材料支持; 李晶、相宏宇、梁成罡负责指导实验设计思路、提出修改意见。

A reporter gene assays for bioactivity determination of luteinizing hormone
Zhe DENG1, 2, Xiao-ming ZHANG2, Ying HUANG3, Cheng-gang LIANG2, Hong-yu XIANG1, * , Jing LI2, *
Affiliations
  • 1School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
  • 2National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Beijing 102629, China
  • 3GBA Center for Medical Device Evalution and Inspection, NMPA, Shenzhen 518045, China
出版时间: 2025-07-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1198
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本研究根据促黄体激素(luteinizing hormone, LH) 与受体结合后激活cAMP信号通路, 构建了LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞系, 并用实验室已建立的LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞系, 分别建立了检测LH生物活性的报告基因法。对该方法条件进行优化, 对方法的专属性、相对准确度、精密度和线性进行验证。结果显示, LH浓度与报告基因表达量存在量效关系, 且符合四参数曲线。经优化后, 条件确定为LH起始浓度为200 nmol·mL-1, 6倍连续稀释, 10个浓度, 细胞数为每孔30 000个, 孵育时间为6 h。经证实该方法专属性强, 准确度、精密度、线性良好。本研究成功建立并验证了检测LH生物学活性的报告基因法, 可以用于LH生物活性检测和质量控制。

报告基因法  /  促黄体激素  /  生物学活性  /  四参数曲线  /  方法学验证

In this study, LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293 cell line and LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293 cell line were constructed according to the cAMP signaling pathway activated by luteinizing hormone (LH) binding to the receptor. The biological activity of LH was detected by luciferase detection system, and the relative titer of samples was calculated by four parameter fitting analysis. The method conditions were optimized, and the specificity, relative accuracy, precision and linearity of the method were verified. The results showed that there was a dose-response relationship between the concentration of LH and the expression of reporter gene, and it conformed to the four-parameter curve. After optimization, the conditions were determined as follows: the initial concentration of LH was 200 nmol·mL-1, 6-fold serial dilution, 10 concentrations, the number of cells per well was 30 000, and the incubation time was 6 h. It is proved that the method has strong specificity, good accuracy, precision and linearity. This study successfully established and validated a reporter gene method to detect LH biological activity, which can be used for LH biological activity detection and quality control. With the increasing demand for the research and development of LH biosimilar drugs, the establishment of a stable and simple activity assay method to evaluate the biological activity of LH can provide technical support for the quality control of LH products and a powerful tool for the comparative study of similar products.

reporter gene assay  /  luteinizing hormone  /  bioactivity  /  four-parameter curve  /  method validation
邓哲, 张孝明, 黄盈, 梁成罡, 相宏宇, 李晶. 利用报告基因法建立促黄体激素生物学活性测定方法. 药学学报, 2025 , 60 (7) : 2283 -2291 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1198
Zhe DENG, Xiao-ming ZHANG, Ying HUANG, Cheng-gang LIANG, Hong-yu XIANG, Jing LI. A reporter gene assays for bioactivity determination of luteinizing hormone[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2025 , 60 (7) : 2283 -2291 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1198
黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone, LH), 又被称为促黄体激素, 是垂体前叶分泌的一种糖蛋白类型的促性腺激素。LH直接或间接地调节生殖系统, 并受促性腺激素释放激素和卵巢性激素共同调节, 呈脉冲式分泌, 具有促进性腺细胞中胆固醇转化为性激素的功能[1]。对于女性, LH和促卵泡激素(follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH)共同促进卵泡成熟、卵泡膜细胞雌激素分泌和排卵, 支持黄体的生成和维持, 促进雌激素和孕激素的合成和分泌。对于男性, LH参与精子发生, 促进睾丸间质细胞增殖, 并释放睾酮[2]。LH是一种由两个非共价连接的亚基(称为α和β亚基) 组成的异二聚体糖蛋白, 结构类似于其他糖蛋白激素如FSH、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human-chorionic gonadotropins, hCG) 和促甲状腺激素(thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH)。α亚基由92个氨基酸组成, 有2个N连接糖基化位点(Asn52和Asn78), 与FSH、TSH、hCG类似, 起信号转导作用; β亚基由121个氨基酸组成, 有1个N连接糖基化位点(Asn40), 具有生物活性特异性, 能与卵巢膜和睾丸间质细胞上的促黄体激素/绒毛膜促性腺激素受体(LHCGR) 结合[3, 4]。
重组人促黄体激素(recombinant human luteinizing hormone, rhLH) 是一种通过基因工程和细胞培养技术制备的糖蛋白激素, 与人脑垂体分泌的LH具有同样的结构和生理作用[5, 6]。目前国内外LH产品仍以尿源提取为主, 截止2024年11月, 国家药品监督管理局已批准16个品种的国产尿促性素和1个进口尿促性素在我国上市。默克雪兰诺生产的注射用重组人促黄体激素α (Luveris, 商品名乐芮) 是目前市场上唯一的rhLH产品。Luveris与FSH同时使用, 可刺激LH和FSH严重缺乏(内源性血清LH水平 < 1.2 IU·L-1) 的成年女性产生潜在的功能性卵泡[7]。临床上使用Luveris替代内源性LH, 间接为生殖道植入和妊娠做准备[8-11]。
rhLH发挥生物学功能需要与LHCGR结合, 然后激活cAMP/PKA/CREB信号通路, rhLH生物学功能与其糖基化程度密切相关[12-14]。《中华人民共和国药典》 (以下简称“ChP”) 四部通则1217收载了“黄体生成素生物测定法”, 通过比较尿促性素标准品与供试品对幼大鼠精囊增重的作用, 以测定供试品中黄体生成素的效价, 但该方法操作复杂, 实验周期长, 且检测结果易受动物个体差异影响, 变异性较大[15]。随着国内外对rhLH生物类似药的研究和开发日益增多, 建立一种简便、稳定、准确的检测方法来评估rhLH的效力十分必要。本实验室前期建立了一种LHCGR和cAMP反应元件结合蛋白控制下的荧光素酶报告基因过表达的细胞系, 基于该细胞系建立了检测hCG生物活性的报告基因法, 本研究探索利用该细胞系建立了LH生物活性测定的报告基因法。其基本原理是LH通过与LHCGR结合发挥生物学功能, 如图1所示, LHCGR属于G蛋白偶联受体家族, 与LH结合后主要通过Gs/cAMP/PKA信号通路发挥作用。LH激活LHCGR后能激活Gs, Gs激活腺苷酸环化酶, 在腺苷酸环化酶的作用下, ATP环化形成环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)。cAMP作为必需的信号信使, 在卵巢发育中起着核心作用, 通过与其调节亚基结合激活PKA并释放催化亚基。PKA介导CREB的激活及下游基因的表达[16-21]。此前有研究显示LHCGR中完整的外显子10编码片段自然发生的缺失(LHCGR-delExon10)可能与2型Leydig细胞发育不全病例直接相关, hLH和hCG虽然通过同一受体LHCGR发挥作用, 但它们在信号传导上的差异可能与激素的L2-β环和受体的铰链区的不同相互作用有关, 外显子10缺失的LHCGR与hLH结合受影响, 导致cAMP途径受阻, 而hCG不受影响[22-24]。以上证据表明去掉外显子10的LHCGR具有区分hLH和hCG的潜力。因此, 作者又构建了过表达LHCGR-delExon10和cAMP反应元件结合蛋白控制下的荧光素酶报告基因的转基因细胞系(LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293), 通过检测荧光素酶报告基因的水平来指示LH的活性, 并按照ChP (2020年版) 四部通则9401 (以下简称“通则9401”)[25]进行了全面的方法学验证。
仪器  FORMA STERI-CULT二氧化碳细胞培养箱(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); TS2-FL倒置显微镜(日本Nikon公司); Centrifuge 5702台式离心机(德国Eppendorf公司); TC-20全自动细胞计数仪(美国Bio-Rad公司); MTS 2/4微孔板振荡器(德国IKA公司); 多功能酶标仪(美国Molecular Devices公司, 内置软件版本7.1); LC-40D XR液相色谱仪(日本岛津公司)。
供试品与试剂  DMEM培养基(批号11995065)、0.05%胰酶-EDTA (批号25300054)、磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS, 批号2647463)、嘌呤霉素(puromycin, 批号A1113803) 均购自美国Gibco公司; 胎牛血清(FBS, 批号012C0221A) 购自中国ExCell公司; 博来霉素(zeocin, 批号450430) 购自美国Invitrogen公司; britelite plus Ultra-High Sensitivity Luminescence Reporter Gene Assay System荧光素酶发光底物(批号66023515) 购自美国Revvity公司。重组人促黄体激素α原液、重组人促甲状腺激素注射液原液、重组人促卵泡激素注射液原液均为本室留样。
试剂配制  完全培养基: DMEM培养基 + 10% FBS + 3 μg·mL-1 puromycin + 200 μg·mL-1 zeocin; 样品稀释液/基础培养基: DMEM培养基 + 10% FBS。
细胞系构建  构建pLU-LHCGR(-Ex10) (luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor-delExon10) 慢病毒表达载体并包装慢病毒, 将慢病毒转入HEK293细胞, 然后用zeocin对细胞进行筛选获得LHCGR(-Ex10)-HEK293多克隆细胞。构建表达荧光素酶的pLU.luc.CRE(cAMP response element).PGK.Puro载体并包装慢病毒, 将慢病毒转入LHCGR(-Ex10)-HEK293细胞, 用puromycin筛选得到LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞株。用完全培养基筛选转染的细胞, 经过约3周的筛选, 通过有限稀释法得到单克隆细胞株, 进一步通过流式筛选得到阳性单克隆细胞株。将细胞株命名为LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293, 由本实验室保存。LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞株此前已构建完成由实验室保存。
体外生物学活性检测  取对数生长期的LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞或LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞用0.05%胰酶-EDTA消化后, 用基础培养基调整细胞密度为每毫升6.0×105个。将细胞悬浮液以每孔50 μL接种到96孔细胞培养白板中(每孔约30 000个细胞)。将细胞培养板置于37 ℃、5% CO2条件下培养18 ± 2 h。将r-hLH用基础培养液稀释至200 nmol·mL-1, 再在透明96孔板中进行6倍梯度稀释, 共稀释10个梯度。将稀释好的溶液加入已接种细胞的培养板中, 每孔50 μL, 每个药物浓度加3个复孔(药物作用起始终浓度为100 nmol·mL-1)。将细胞培养板置于37 ℃、5% CO2条件下培养6 h。培养结束后, 以每孔100 μL向培养板中加入发光底物溶液。将细胞培养板置于微孔板振荡器上, 室温避光振荡混匀2 min, 随后用酶标仪读取各孔发光值。
数据分析  参照ChP 2020版四部通则1431生物检定统计法, 利用SoftMax Pro软件(美国Molecular Devices公司, 软件版本7.1) 分析试验数据, GraphPad Prism (美国GraphPad公司, 软件版本8.0.2) 软件作图。以样品浓度的对数作为横坐标, 对应的发光信号强度(relative light unit, RLU, 相对光单位) 作为纵坐标, 拟合S形量效反应四参数曲线(误差线代表RLU平均值的标准误差), 按照ChP通则1431中的四参数回归计算法处理实验数据, 利用方差分析和F检验对分析结果进行可靠性测验。四参数方程为Y = (A-D)/(1+ (X/C)^B) + D, 其中A为曲线上渐近线估值, D为曲线下渐近线估值, B为曲线的斜率, C为半数有效浓度(median effective concentration, EC50)。可靠性测验要求为: 拟合四参数曲线R2 ≥ 0.98, 回归项应非常显著(P < 0.01), 偏离平行应不显著(P ≥ 0.01)。将通过可靠性测验的结果按下述公式计算相对效价(relative potency): 样品相对效价(%) =对照品EC50/待测供试品EC50×100%。对照品和供试品的EC50均为约束模型中对照品和供试品拟合四参数曲线的C值。
实验参数优化  取对数生长期的LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞用0.05%胰酶-EDTA消化后, 用基础培养基调整细胞密度为每毫升6.0×105个。按上述方法接种细胞后, 分别将接种了细胞的96孔板放置于CO2培养箱中使之贴壁时间分别为0和19 h, 再按上述方法进行活性测定, 确定最佳细胞贴壁时间; 将r-hLH用基础培养基稀释至1 000 nmol·mL-1, 再在透明96孔板中进行5倍梯度稀释, 共稀释20个梯度, 每个梯度平行2复孔, 按照上述检测方法进行活性测定, 初步确定起始r-hLH浓度为200 nmol·mL-1。将200 nmol·mL-1浓度的r-hLH分别进行5倍和6倍系列稀释后测定, 比较不同稀释倍数的拟合曲线, 确定最优药物作用浓度; 用基础培养基调整细胞密度分别为每毫升4×105、6×105和8×105个, 分别接种于96孔白板中, 按照上述检测方法进行活性测定, 确定最佳细胞铺板密度; 设置4、5、6 h三个不同的药物孵育时间, 按上述检测方法测定, 选择最佳药物孵育时间。
方法学验证实验  按照通则9401采用合并设计, 分别验证LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293和LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293两种细胞系检测LH生物学活性方法的相对准确度、中间精密度、线性和范围。取r-hLH对照品, 用基础培养基分别稀释成128、160、200、250、312 nmol·mL-1理论浓度的待测样品, 5种待测样品分别对应64%、80%、100%、125%和156%的相对效价水平, 另外制备一份200 nmol·mL-1浓度的r-hLH作为对照。上述待测样品分别在透明96孔板中进行6倍梯度稀释, 共稀释10个梯度。由两名实验人员在4个不同日期使用两种细胞进行相对效价检测。
方法相对准确度和线性分析  按照通则9401, 拟合效价理论值和测定值的直线回归方程, 并计算各效价水平相对效价测定值的相对偏倚(RB) 及置信区间(CIRB): RB = (效价测定值/效价理论值-1)×100%; CIRB = {[anti Ln(LCI)/效价理论值-1]×100%, [anti Ln(UCI)/效价理论值-1]×100%}。其中, LCI为各效价水平效价测定值的自然对数平均值的90%置信下限, UCI为各效价水平效价测定值的自然对数平均值的90%置信上限。
方法中间精密度分析  按照通则9401, 计算每个效价水平相对效价测定值的几何标准偏差(GSD) 及几何变异系数(GCV%): GSD = anti Ln(SD), SD为各效价水平效价测定值的对数标准偏差; GCV% = (GSD-1)×100%。
专属性  为验证方法的专属性, 选取三种糖蛋白激素r-hTSH、r-hFSH、r-hLH进行试验。将r-hLH、r-hTSH、r-hFSH分别用基础培养基稀释到200 nmol·mL-1, 再进行6倍梯度稀释, 共稀释10个浓度梯度, 每个浓度2复孔。
细胞功能稳定性实验  在细胞连续培养中, 分别冻存第15、40代细胞。在同一时间复苏上述细胞, 连续传代至细胞状态稳定后, 使用该细胞进行r-hLH的生物活性测定, 验证不同代次细胞的稳定性。
r-hLH加热破坏性样品的制备  取r-hLH, 以每支200 μL分装到1.5 mL离心管中, 用封口膜封闭后于60 ℃水浴中分别加热0、1、5、9、24和72 h。对处理后的样品进行相对效价测定, 验证方法专属性。
含量测定  采用高效液相色谱法检测60 ℃加热不同时间后r-hLH样品中主成分含量变化。色谱条件: 采用Shodex Protein KW-803 1 000 Å 5 μm (8.0 mm × 300 mm) 凝胶色谱柱, 以0.1 nmol·mL-1磷酸-0.1 nmol·mL-1硫酸钠缓冲液(pH 6.7) 为流动相, 流速为1 mL·min-1, 柱温为25 ℃, 检测波长为214 nm, 进样量为10 μL。
r-hLH与r-hCG混合样品生物活性测定  取r-hLH和r-hCG分别用基础培养基稀释到200 nmol·mL-1, 分别配成r-hLH∶r-hCG为2∶1、1.5∶1和1∶1的混合样品, 使用两种细胞检测r-hLH、r-hCG和混合样品生物活性。
根据四参数曲线结果显示(图2A), 细胞贴壁时间为0 h时RLU值较低, 贴壁时间为19 h时的RLU值较高。说明细胞贴壁过夜可达到更好的量效曲线结果, 所以确定加药孵育前贴壁过夜, 最佳细胞培养时间为18~20 h。
设置r-hLH初始浓度为1 000 nmol·mL-1, 5倍梯度稀释20个浓度点, 平行3复孔。如图2B所示, 所有的点已经覆盖了四参数曲线的上下平台。为进一步确定样品的初始浓度, 根据剂量反应曲线的上下平台和线性部分, 选取100、200、300 nmol·mL-1为起始浓度进行下一步实验。当起始浓度为200 nmol·mL-1时, 四参数曲线上各点分布较为均匀, 上下平台各三个点, 线性部分有四个点, R2值为0.995 9, 实验结果见图2C。因此, 选择200 nmol·mL-1为起始浓度。为了使四参数曲线能够很好地覆盖上下平台, 并且在线性部分的点不少于3个, 根据预实验选取了5倍、6倍2个稀释倍数, 各稀释10个梯度, 比较不同稀释比的曲线, 结果见图2D。两条稀释倍数曲线R2值均在0.980以上, 当稀释倍数为5倍时, 下平台浓度点太少; 当稀释倍数为6倍时, 量效曲线能够很好地覆盖上下平台以及线性部分, 因此确定最佳稀释倍数为6倍。细胞密度优化结果(图2E) 显示, 当接种细胞密度为4×105 cells·mL-1时, 信噪比和R2较差, 当密度为6×105和8×105 cells·mL-1时, B值分别为0.639 7、0.607 4, 曲线变化趋势基本平行, 说明接种细胞的量对实验结果的影响变化趋于稳定。由于接种细胞的数量不能精准确定, 所以实验将控制接种细胞密度范围为(6 ± 0.05)×105 cells·mL-1。孵育时间优化结果表明, 随着孵育时间的延长, 信噪比增加。如图2F所示, 药物作用6 h时曲线信噪比最高, R2最好, 因此, 选择药物作用时间为6 h进行下一步实验。用LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞进行实验时, 利用上述优化的条件同样可以得到良好的四参数曲线, 因此, 后续在用两种细胞进行实验时均采用相同的优化后的实验条件。
计算每个效价水平8个相对效价测定值的相对偏倚及其置信区间。如表1、2所示, LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞5个效价水平相对效价测定值的平均相对偏倚范围在0.6%~4.0%; LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞5个效价水平相对效价测定值的平均相对偏倚范围在0.8%~6.3%。均符合通则9401“相对效价测定值的相对偏倚应在±12%范围内”的要求。
LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞检测5个效价水平的回归方程为y = 0.991 9 x + 0.019 99, R2 = 0.980 4; LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞检测5个效价水平的回归方程为y = 1.026 x + 0.027 54, R2 = 0.986 2。均符合通则9401“直线回归方程的斜率应在0.80~1.25, 相关系数应不低于0.98”的要求。
LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞5个效价水平相对效价测定值的GCV%在2.1%~6.5%内; LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞5个效价水平相对效价测定值的GCV%在1.5%~5.0%内。符合通则9401“每个效价水平相对效价测定值的GCV%应不大于20%”的要求, 中间精密度良好。
对两种细胞5个效价水平的相对准确度、线性和中间精密度验证结果显示, 在64%~156%内, 两种方法检测结果均符合通则9401要求, 两种方法的相对效价适用范围为64%~156%。
如图3A、B所示, 两种细胞检测r-hTSH和r-hFSH均无剂量依赖的效应曲线, 而检测r-hLH均呈明显的量效曲线。当r-hLH样品经过60 ℃加热后, LH含量随着加热时间的延长而降低(图3C), 用两种细胞分别检测加热后样品生物学活性, 发现加热后样品活性均呈显著下降趋势(图3D), 与LH含量下降趋势一致, 表明本方法专属性良好, 并可以用于测定稳定性破坏LH样品的生物学活性。
如图4A所示, 不同代次的LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞的EC50值和信噪比有较小差异, 虽然40代时LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞的信噪比有下降但仍然高于10。不同代次的LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞的EC50值和信噪比无明显差异(图4B)。说明LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293和LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞具有传代稳定性。
根据文献[22-24]报道, 与LHCGR相比, LHCGR(-Ex10) 与LH结合变弱且诱导cAMP水平降低, 但Ex10缺失不干扰hCG结合LHCGR及诱导下游cAMP水平的能力, 因此, 推测在LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中, r-hLH和r-hCG诱导报告基因表达能力不同, 而在LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中, r-hLH和r-hCG诱导报告基因表达能力相当。如图5A、B所示, 在LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中, EC50值不受r-hLH和r-hCG比例变化影响, 曲线基本重合; 而在LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中, 尽管不同比例的样品曲线趋于一致, 但在LH样品中加入r-hCG后, 导致EC50值降低(图5C、D), 表现为曲线左移。单独对r-hLH和r-hCG进行活性测定, r-hLH与r-hCG的EC50之比为2.611、3.405、3.454, RSD% = 15% (n = 3)。
r-hLH生物活性测定已有许多研究报道。例如, 有研究将荧光素酶基因瞬时转染到Leydig肿瘤细胞中用于LH的生物测定[19, 20]。此外, 还有研究开发了夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA) 来评估全血LH浓度, 随后发展成为商业化试剂盒, 但该方法只能说明LH与其受体的结合活性[26]。在工业领域, 最初LH是根据内分泌活性来量化的[27]。随后, 各种免疫分析方法被开发用于LH的生理和临床研究, 但结果的稳定性存在很大的局限性[15]。目前, ChP和EP均无体外测定r-hLH生物活性的通则, 仅有的体内动物法基于尿促性素对幼大鼠精囊的增重作用测定其活性[15, 28]。随着国内外对LH生物类似药研发的需求不断增加, 建立稳定、便捷的活性测定方法评价LH的生物活性是提高药品监管能力和质量控制发展的必然要求。
r-hLH发挥生物学功能需要与LHCGR结合, 然后激活cAMP/PKA/CREB等信号通路, 多个研究报道去掉LHCGR的exon10后, LHCGR与hCG的结合不受影响, 但是与LH的结合能力下降, 导致细胞产生cAMP水平降低。因此, 推测用LHCGR(-Ex10) 构建转基因细胞建立报告基因法, 可能能够探索LH与hCG的活性差异。因此, 本研究首先构建了带有荧光素酶报告基因的LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞系, 通过对细胞接种密度、r-hLH作用浓度等优化和方法学验证, 建立能检测r-hLH活性的报告基因法。此外, 用实验室已构建的LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞建立了能检测r-hLH活性的报告基因法。随后用两种细胞分别检测了不同比例的LH和hCG混合样品的活性, 发现在LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中, 随着样品中hCG比例的增多, LH和hCG混匀样品EC50值降低, 且更接近hCG诱导的曲线的EC50, 而在LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中未观察到样品EC50值的变化, 这表明在LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中LH活性受到影响, 而在LHCGR-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞中LH活性不受影响, 与之前的报告一致。此外, 在LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293中, LH活性低于hCG, LH和hCG的EC50之比约为3, 表明LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞能够区分LH和hCG的生物学活性。
本研究还验证了两种细胞检测60 ℃加热r-hLH样品的活性, 两种细胞均表明60 ℃加热能显著降低r-hLH样品的活性。通过凝胶色谱检测加热后r-hLH样品的单体含量, 发现60 ℃加热72 h导致r-hLH单体含量降低到10.6%, 体外生物学活性降至低于1%, 表明加热后形成聚体和降解可能是引起体外生物学活性降低的主要原因之一。表明两种细胞方法均可用于评价r-hLH生物学活性稳定性变化趋势。
综上所述, 与动物实验操作复杂、实验周期长、个体差异大等缺点相比, 本文建立的两种基于荧光素酶报告基因的r-hLH体外生物活性检测方法, 操作简便、耗时短、准确度高、重复性好、特异性强, 可作为r-hLH体外生物活性的常规检测方法。本研究为产品质量控制及稳定性评价提供了参考。此外, 本研究构建的LHCGR(-Ex10)-CRE-luc-HEK293细胞能够区分LH和hCG的生物学活性, 方法专属性更高, 为LH和hCG产品的比对试验提供了有力的工具。

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2025年第60卷第7期
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2024-1198
  • 接收时间:2024-12-03
  • 首发时间:2026-09-20
  • 出版时间:2025-07-12
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-03
  • 修回日期:2025-05-05
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    1吉林大学生命科学学院, 吉林 长春 130012
    2中国食品药品检定研究院, 药品监管科学全国重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委生物技术产品检定方法及其标准化重点实验室, 国家药品监督管理局生物制品质量研究与评价重点实验室, 北京 102629
    3国家药品监督管理局药品审评检查大湾区分中心, 广东 深圳 518045

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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