Article(id=1308455864256459360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455539181114200, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2025-0045, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1736784000000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-14, revisedDate=1744214400000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1789889787972, onlineDateStr=2026-09-20, pubDate=1752249600000, pubDateStr=2025-07-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1789889787972, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1789889787972, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1789889787972, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1308455539181114200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2025', volume='60', issue='7', pageStart='1965', pageEnd='2374', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1752249600000', pubDateStr='2025-07-12', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1789889710469, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1789895523604, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1308479921307807825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455539181114200, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1308479921307807826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1308455539181114200, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2198, endPage=2210, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1308455864428425825, articleId=1308455864256459360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Establishment and systematic evaluation methods of a novel animal model for depression with heart-spleen deficiency syndrome, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The study aims to establish and validate a mouse model of depression with concurrent heart and spleen deficiency using a combined induction method involving neurobehavioral assessments and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome evaluation. The model was constructed via modified electroshock and forced swimming protocols, and compared to a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression model. Syndrome validation was performed using TCM prescriptions. Depression assessments revealed that the mice in the combined induction model exhibited significant depressive-like behaviors compared to controls. Moreover, the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) levels in the brain tissue and serum were significantly decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), while corticosterone (Cor) levels were significantly increased (P < 0.01). TCM syndrome evaluation demonstrated symptoms including mental fatigue, delayed responses, insomnia, reduced appetite (P < 0.01), and diminished tongue color intensity (P < 0.01). Cardiovascular and digestive functions were impaired (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), with a decreased spleen index (P < 0.01). Validation experiments indicated that paroxetine alleviated the depressive-like behaviors, while the classic TCM formula Guipi Decoction significantly modulated depression-related biomarkers and syndrome indicators. A mouse model of depression with both heart and spleen deficiency can be successfully established using the modified electroshock combined with forced swimming method. Animal experiments were conducted with the approval and supervision of the Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ethics number: 2023031303).
, authors=Yong-gui SONG
1, 2, Wen-hao ZHANG
1, Bing XUE
1, Hui-hui LIANG
1, Qian-min LI
1, Zhi-fu AI
1, Gen-hua ZHU
1, Ming YANG
1, 3, Ya-li LIU
1, 4, Yu-hui PING
1, Dan SU
1, *, authorsList=Yong-gui SONG, Wen-hao ZHANG, Bing XUE, Hui-hui LIANG, Qian-min LI, Zhi-fu AI, Gen-hua ZHU, Ming YANG, Ya-li LIU, Yu-hui PING, Dan SU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Dan SU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1308455867381215862, articleId=1308455864256459360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=一种心脾两虚型抑郁症动物模型的建立及评价方法, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
本研究通过一种复合诱导方法结合神经行为学以及中医证候评价, 建立并确证小鼠心脾两虚证抑郁模型。采用改良足底电击和负重游泳法进行构建, 并与慢性不可预知刺激诱导的小鼠抑郁症模型进行对比, 再经由方剂反证所建立模型的证候。抑郁症评价结果显示, 与空白组相比, 复合诱导模型小鼠表现为典型的抑郁样行为, 且脑与血清中五羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)、多巴胺(dopamine, DA) 含量明显降低(P < 0.01, P < 0.05), 皮质酮(corticosterone, Cor) 含量显著增加(P < 0.01)。证候评价结果显示, 与空白组小鼠相比, 复合诱导模型小鼠精神倦怠、反应迟缓, 失眠且食欲明显下降(P < 0.01); 舌象红色度显著降低(P < 0.01); 心脑血管功能及消化道功能明显不足(P < 0.01, P < 0.05); 脾脏指数明显降低(P < 0.01)。验证实验显示, 帕罗西汀改善了复合诱导模型小鼠的抑郁样行为, 心脾两虚经典方归脾汤能显著回调其抑郁及相关证候各项指标。通过改良足底电击结合负重游泳法造模可成功制备心脾两虚型抑郁症动物模型。动物实验获得江西中医药大学动物伦理实验委员会的批准和监督(伦理编号: 2023031303)。
, authors=宋永贵
1, 2, 张文豪
1, 薛冰
1, 梁慧慧
1, 李前民
1, 艾志福
1, 朱根华
1, 杨明
1, 3, 刘亚丽
1, 4, 平欲晖
1, 苏丹
1, *, authorsList=宋永贵, 张文豪, 薛冰, 梁慧慧, 李前民, 艾志福, 朱根华, 杨明, 刘亚丽, 平欲晖, 苏丹, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=苏丹, authorNote=
作者贡献:
宋永贵负责实验总体设计及稿件修改; 张文豪、薛冰负责实验操作和文章撰写及修改; 朱根华、杨明提供了方法理论建议; 李前民、梁慧慧、刘亚丽提出了修改建议及负责部分实验操作; 艾志福、平欲晖、苏丹指导了部分实验、提供了方法理论建议。
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4Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation, Health Commission of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Medicine College, Nanchang 330004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1308498162524979681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, companyId=1308498162504008159, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4南昌医学院, 药效与安全性评价江西省卫生健康重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1308498169504301606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=XSi8A0fP7UMAMZEiFPC1wA==, figureFileBig=YIHaJ9Kn9O2oGDXsnFwQyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498169567216167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.1, caption=
General condition observation and behavioral results of mouse. A: Dynamic recording of mouse body weight; B: Dynamic recording of mouse food intake; C: Dynamic recording of mouse water intake. n = 9, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is two-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs control; D: Mouse sucrose preference test (SPT); E: Tail suspension test (TST) immobility time; F: Forced swimming test (FST) immobility time; G: Open field test (OFT) mouse trajectory heat map; H: Total distance traveled by mice in the OFT; I: Number of entries into the center by mice in the OFT; J: Time spent in the center by mice in the OFT. M1: Chronic unpredictable mild stress; M2: Electic foot-shock combined with weight-loaded swimming; P1: Chronic unpredictable mild stress with with paroxetine treatment; P2: Electic foot-shock combined with weight-loaded swimming with paroxetine treatment. n = 9, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, figureFileSmall=XSi8A0fP7UMAMZEiFPC1wA==, figureFileBig=YIHaJ9Kn9O2oGDXsnFwQyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498169659490856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=KGqMUx2fy8PzSpZRyQyeRg==, figureFileBig=0DmmhdUuLsRXVYqciBU1LQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498169718211113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Detection of neurotransmitters in mouse brain tissue and serum. A: 5-HT levels in mouse brain tissue; B: DA levels in mouse brain tissue; C: Cor levels in mouse brain tissue; D: 5-HT levels in mouse serum; E: DA levels in mouse serum; F: Cor levels in mouse serum. n = 9, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, figureFileSmall=KGqMUx2fy8PzSpZRyQyeRg==, figureFileBig=0DmmhdUuLsRXVYqciBU1LQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498169772737066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=tS3I/CUjA2SLp1izodgg5g==, figureFileBig=IBqtpjYwkGlEE1mqYhWH+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498169844040235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Tongue manifestation and sleep phase detection results of mouse. A: Tongue image of mouse; B: Quantitative results of the red intensity of the tongue manifestation in mouse; C: Time spent in the wake phase of mouse; D: Time spent in the rapid eye movement (REM) phase of mouse; E: Time spent in the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) phase of mouse. n = 9, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, figureFileSmall=tS3I/CUjA2SLp1izodgg5g==, figureFileBig=IBqtpjYwkGlEE1mqYhWH+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498169902760492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=ThmGBXc9/4G5WNOvWS25kw==, figureFileBig=oKUIaJsAxVEx/q6DP1gIMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498169965675053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Hemodynamic results in mouse. A: Ultrasound imaging of mouse carotid artery; B: Average blood flow velocity in mouse carotid artery; C: Systolic vascular diameter of mouse carotid artery; D: Diastolic vascular diameter of mouse carotid artery; E: Ultrasound imaging of mouse heart; F: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in mouse heart; G: Laser speckle brain blood flow imaging of mice in each group; H: Average brain blood flow velocity in mice. n = 9, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, figureFileSmall=ThmGBXc9/4G5WNOvWS25kw==, figureFileBig=oKUIaJsAxVEx/q6DP1gIMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170032783918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=wkKpwbPtvf06Oic25daemw==, figureFileBig=C4PqIgeQuiE9zGIMCik39A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170108281391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Spleen index (A), superoxide dismutase (SOD, B) and malondialdehyde (MDA, C) levels in myocardial tissue, and D-xylose (D) and gastrin (GAS, E) levels in serum of mice. n = 9, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, figureFileSmall=wkKpwbPtvf06Oic25daemw==, figureFileBig=C4PqIgeQuiE9zGIMCik39A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170162807344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=D2HkBPbwSNb0urLbhQl6ag==, figureFileBig=fb5Uv9h14JJ3LuMCL3e9Qg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170221527601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.6, caption=
General condition observation and behavioral results of mouse after Guipi Decoction administration. A: Dynamic recording of mouse body weight; B: Dynamic recording of mouse food intake; C: Dynamic recording of mouse water intake. n = 10, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is two-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs control; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs model; D: Mouse SPT; E: TST immobility time; F: FST immobility time; G: OFT mouse trajectory heat map; H: Total distance traveled by mice in the OFT; I: Number of entries into the center by mice in the OFT; J: Time spent in the center by mice in the OFT. n = 10, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, figureFileSmall=D2HkBPbwSNb0urLbhQl6ag==, figureFileBig=fb5Uv9h14JJ3LuMCL3e9Qg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170280247858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=6dMiq/rNh7HA4f01rIBOPw==, figureFileBig=g39PbzNrumsW7Z5HnrZGhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170338968115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Detection of neurotransmitters in mouse brain tissue and serum after Guipi Decoction administration. A: 5-HT levels in mouse brain tissue; B: DA levels in mouse brain tissue; C: Cor levels in mouse brain tissue; D: 5-HT levels in mouse serum; E: DA levels in mouse serum; F: Cor levels in mouse serum. n = 10, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, figureFileSmall=6dMiq/rNh7HA4f01rIBOPw==, figureFileBig=g39PbzNrumsW7Z5HnrZGhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170397688372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=yJJssqLMvh1Iah8QLs3X2Q==, figureFileBig=jWmomnzKHuTemXHp0BA1gQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170468991541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Tongue manifestation and sleep phase detection results of mouse after Guipi Decoction administration. A: Tongue image of mouse; B: Quantitative results of the red intensity of the tongue manifestation in mouse; C: Time spent in the wake phase of mouse; D: Time spent in the REM phase of mouse; E: Time spent in the NREM phase of mouse. n = 10, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, figureFileSmall=yJJssqLMvh1Iah8QLs3X2Q==, figureFileBig=jWmomnzKHuTemXHp0BA1gQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170540294710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=8EiL7m+t4o4BLgG4KQoh+A==, figureFileBig=SAHLFBJW192lG2OHY4Y4Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170607403575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Hemodynamic results in mouse after Guipi Decoction administration. A: Ultrasound imaging of mouse carotid artery; B: Average blood flow velocity in mouse carotid artery; C: Systolic vascular diameter of mouse carotid artery; D: Diastolic vascular diameter of mouse carotid artery; E: Ultrasound imaging of mouse heart; F: LVEF in mouse heart; G: Laser speckle brain blood flow imaging; H: Average brain blood flow velocity in mice. n = 10, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, figureFileSmall=8EiL7m+t4o4BLgG4KQoh+A==, figureFileBig=SAHLFBJW192lG2OHY4Y4Hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170678706744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=3bmAAD5jv8Oqh3qX6MD/+g==, figureFileBig=HJQ0JPD6BCBY10Pm3z2TCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170766787129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=CN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Spleen index (A), SOD (B) and MDA (C) levels in myocardial tissue, and D-xylose (D) and GAS (E) levels in serum of mice after Guipi Decoction administration. n = 10, mean ± SEM (ANOVA is one-way analysis of variance). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, figureFileSmall=3bmAAD5jv8Oqh3qX6MD/+g==, figureFileBig=HJQ0JPD6BCBY10Pm3z2TCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1308498170863256122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1308455864256459360, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Compound | Q1 | Q3 | Transition | DP/V | CE/eV |
| 5-HT | 177.100 | 160.100 | 177.100→160.100 | 70.000 | 17.000 |
| DA | 154.100 | 137.100 | 154.100→137.100 | 60.000 | 14.000 |
| Cor | 374.100 | 329.400 | 347.100→329.400 | 85.00 | 30.00 |
| APAP | 152.000 | 123.000 | 152.000→123.000 | 31.000 | 14.000 |
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Compound mass spectrometry optimization MRM parameters. 5-HT: 5-Hydroxytryptamine; DA: Dopamine; Cor: Corticosterone; APAP: Acetaminophen
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| Compound | Q1 | Q3 | Transition | DP/V | CE/eV |
| 5-HT | 177.100 | 160.100 | 177.100→160.100 | 70.000 | 17.000 |
| DA | 154.100 | 137.100 | 154.100→137.100 | 60.000 | 14.000 |
| Cor | 374.100 | 329.400 | 347.100→329.400 | 85.00 | 30.00 |
| APAP | 152.000 | 123.000 | 152.000→123.000 | 31.000 | 14.000 |
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| Step | Total time/min | Flow rate/µL·min-1 | A/% | B/% |
| 0 | 0.00 | 300 | 70.0 | 30.0 |
| 1 | 1.50 | 300 | 30.0 | 70.0 |
| 2 | 3.50 | 300 | 5.0 | 95.0 |
| 3 | 4.50 | 300 | 5.0 | 95.0 |
| 4 | 4.60 | 300 | 70.0 | 30.0 |
| 5 | 7.00 | 300 | 70.0 | 30.0 |
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Linear gradient elution procedure. A: 0.01% Formic acid-water; B: Acetonitrile
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| Step | Total time/min | Flow rate/µL·min-1 | A/% | B/% |
| 0 | 0.00 | 300 | 70.0 | 30.0 |
| 1 | 1.50 | 300 | 30.0 | 70.0 |
| 2 | 3.50 | 300 | 5.0 | 95.0 |
| 3 | 4.50 | 300 | 5.0 | 95.0 |
| 4 | 4.60 | 300 | 70.0 | 30.0 |
| 5 | 7.00 | 300 | 70.0 | 30.0 |
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