Article(id=1222469964624286336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1222469957925986888, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2019-0467, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1560182400000, receivedDateStr=2019-06-11, revisedDate=1561996800000, revisedDateStr=2019-07-02, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1769389151960, onlineDateStr=2026-01-26, pubDate=1568217600000, pubDateStr=2019-09-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1769389151960, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1769389151960, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769389151960, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1222469957925986888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2019', volume='54', issue='9', pageStart='1531', pageEnd='1710', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1769389150363, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769389521923, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1222471516416106987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1222469957925986888, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1222471516416106988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1222469957925986888, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1554, endPage=1563, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1222469965123408559, articleId=1222469964624286336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Recent advances in study of drugs against Gram-negative pathogens, columnId=1190335348648547107, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Reviews, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The long-term use of antibiotics in clinical practice leads to bacterial variation and resistance. In addition, the excessive or improper use of antibiotics in medical and agricultural fields increases the occurrence of bacterial resistance. In 2017, the World Health Organization has for the first time released a list of 12 bacteria or bacterial families that pose the greatest threat to human health and for which new antibiotics are desperately needed, and three quarters of them are Gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria has multi-layered cell wall that prevents many antibiotics from accessing their targets. Therefore, it is very difficult to develop drugs against Gram-negative bacteria, no new class of antibiotic has been approved for Gram-negative pathogens in over fifty years. Here, we summarized recent advances in the study of new antibacterial agents with different mechanisms of action against Gram-negative pathogens.
, correspAuthors=Dong-feng ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2019 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hai-jia LU, Dong-feng ZHANG, Hai-hong HUANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1222469969078637532, articleId=1222469964624286336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=抗革兰氏阴性菌药物的研究进展, columnId=1190335349655180086, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
抗生素在临床上的长期使用导致细菌发生变异和耐药,另外,抗生素在医疗及农业领域的过度使用或不当使用加剧细菌耐药性的发生。2017年世界卫生组织首次公布了最需要新抗生素的12种细菌和细菌家族清单,其中9种为革兰氏阴性菌。革兰氏阴性菌具有多层结构的细胞壁,这种特殊的结构导致许多抗生素不能通过革兰氏阴性菌的外膜到达靶点,因此,抗革兰氏阴性菌的药物研发难度巨大,过去50年来,还没有针对革兰氏阴性菌的新机制抗生素获得批准。本文简要综述了目前不同作用机制下抗革兰氏阴性菌药物的研究进展。
, correspAuthors=张东峰, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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Raetz pathway , figureFileSmall=cJfpR9DBtTaRmdPfQ2YGjw==, figureFileBig=BIoHkqIugZR6577/JAxn7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513653421691284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=qr86Fka53j85TFZTEbre5w==, figureFileBig=4YIdwAl4TQOJ5bVkZwShxQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513653581074848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Figure 6, caption=
Inhibitors of LpxC , figureFileSmall=qr86Fka53j85TFZTEbre5w==, figureFileBig=4YIdwAl4TQOJ5bVkZwShxQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513653681738155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=qyRkjEW6k2YeylP935gdIg==, figureFileBig=/QyzuG7V3ZsGAVgXYNz3Pw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513653790790065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Scheme 2, caption=
Synthesis of ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose from sedoheptulose-7-phosphate and incorporation into LPS , figureFileSmall=qyRkjEW6k2YeylP935gdIg==, figureFileBig=/QyzuG7V3ZsGAVgXYNz3Pw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513653891453364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=bKIj+EqHH0VW6b0jCxU19w==, figureFileBig=H8XdjRAUOe9RyUcZD5GuOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513654055031230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Figure 7, caption=
Inhibitors of WaaC and HldE , figureFileSmall=bKIj+EqHH0VW6b0jCxU19w==, figureFileBig=H8XdjRAUOe9RyUcZD5GuOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513654172471752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=BAUpBga97QdqwrwjUWsYmg==, figureFileBig=QlAiy8QyVq3vGo2EpftZmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513654281523663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Figure 8, caption=
Inhibitors of type Ⅱ topoisomerase , figureFileSmall=BAUpBga97QdqwrwjUWsYmg==, figureFileBig=QlAiy8QyVq3vGo2EpftZmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513654403158491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=XM3/ud9NqacCZ97DhZ+10A==, figureFileBig=5cM9iidPWi/jjrdSW91hNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513654533181927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Figure 9, caption=
Inhibitors of FtsZ , figureFileSmall=XM3/ud9NqacCZ97DhZ+10A==, figureFileBig=5cM9iidPWi/jjrdSW91hNg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513654671593969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=bc88ydPTPeROV3GBwvp6Fw==, figureFileBig=c5N0N90WjUmvf4ugga4NLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513654776451580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Figure 10, caption=
Inhibitors of β-lactamase , figureFileSmall=bc88ydPTPeROV3GBwvp6Fw==, figureFileBig=c5N0N90WjUmvf4ugga4NLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513654881309185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=X7BL9+Fg81mWCP9QGbUTQg==, figureFileBig=+Xf1pO4PuX4Yi6yWLc2jfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513654990361097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Figure 11, caption=
Inhibitors of SPase Ⅰ , figureFileSmall=X7BL9+Fg81mWCP9QGbUTQg==, figureFileBig=+Xf1pO4PuX4Yi6yWLc2jfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513655111995924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=MXhLQS7BDqS4xyf0lbxrkw==, figureFileBig=79gRcymtR0TShKPT7GNSZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513655208464920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Figure 12, caption=
Structures of siderophore-conjugated β-lactam antibiotics , figureFileSmall=MXhLQS7BDqS4xyf0lbxrkw==, figureFileBig=79gRcymtR0TShKPT7GNSZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1222513655300739612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Bacterium or bacterial family (and antibiotics it resists) |
| Priority : CRITICAL | | |
| 1 | Acinetobacter baumannii (carbapenem) | G- |
| 2 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa (carbapenem) | G- |
| 3 | Enterobacteriaceae, extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing (carbapenem) | G- |
| Priority : HIGH | | |
| 4 | Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin) | G+ |
| 5 | Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin, vancomycin) | G+ |
| 6 | Helicobacter pylori (clarithromycin) | G- |
| 7 | Campylobacter spp. (fluoroquinolone) | G- |
| 8 | Salmonellae (fluoroquinolone) | G- |
| 9 | Neisseria gonorrhoeae (cephalosporin, fluoroquinolone) | G- |
| Priority : MEDIUM | | |
| 10 | Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-non-susceptible) | G+ |
| 11 | Haemophilus influenzae (ampicillin) | G- |
| 12 | Shigella spp. (fluoroquinolone) | G- |
), ArticleFig(id=1222513655413985827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
WHO priority pathogens list for R & D of new antibiotics[1]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Bacterium or bacterial family (and antibiotics it resists) |
| Priority : CRITICAL | | |
| 1 | Acinetobacter baumannii (carbapenem) | G- |
| 2 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa (carbapenem) | G- |
| 3 | Enterobacteriaceae, extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing (carbapenem) | G- |
| Priority : HIGH | | |
| 4 | Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin) | G+ |
| 5 | Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin, vancomycin) | G+ |
| 6 | Helicobacter pylori (clarithromycin) | G- |
| 7 | Campylobacter spp. (fluoroquinolone) | G- |
| 8 | Salmonellae (fluoroquinolone) | G- |
| 9 | Neisseria gonorrhoeae (cephalosporin, fluoroquinolone) | G- |
| Priority : MEDIUM | | |
| 10 | Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-non-susceptible) | G+ |
| 11 | Haemophilus influenzae (ampicillin) | G- |
| 12 | Shigella spp. (fluoroquinolone) | G- |
), ArticleFig(id=1222513655544009259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
 |
| Compd. | MIC/μg·mL-1 |
| E. Coli MG1655 imp4213 | E. Coli MG1655 ΔtolC |
| G0507 | 1 | 0.5 |
| G0793 | 0.25 | 0.125 |
| Vancomycin | 0.5 | - |
), ArticleFig(id=1222513655648866865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=
Antibacterial activities of compounds G0507 and G0793
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
 |
| Compd. | MIC/μg·mL-1 |
| E. Coli MG1655 imp4213 | E. Coli MG1655 ΔtolC |
| G0507 | 1 | 0.5 |
| G0793 | 0.25 | 0.125 |
| Vancomycin | 0.5 | - |
), ArticleFig(id=1222513655736947254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
 |
| Gram-negative bacterium | Compd. | MIC90/μg·mL-1 |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 8 | 0.12 |
| | 9 | 0.25 |
| | Ampicillin | 2 |
| Escherichia coli | 8 | 1 |
| | 9 | 0.5 |
| | Imipenem | 0.25 |
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 8 | 0.5 |
| | 9 | 0.25 |
| | Imipenem | 64 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 8 | 8 |
| | 9 | 2 |
| | Imipenem | 64 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 8 | 2 |
| | 9 | 1 |
| | Imipenem | 32 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222513655858582077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=
Compounds and antibacterial activity
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
 |
| Gram-negative bacterium | Compd. | MIC90/μg·mL-1 |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 8 | 0.12 |
| | 9 | 0.25 |
| | Ampicillin | 2 |
| Escherichia coli | 8 | 1 |
| | 9 | 0.5 |
| | Imipenem | 0.25 |
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 8 | 0.5 |
| | 9 | 0.25 |
| | Imipenem | 64 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 8 | 8 |
| | 9 | 2 |
| | Imipenem | 64 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 8 | 2 |
| | 9 | 1 |
| | Imipenem | 32 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222513655976022599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| MICa/μg·mL-1 | Human PPB (fu)b | Stabilityc (degradation)/% | Pharmacokinetic propertiesd | | ED50 /mg·kg-1 |
| Eco | Kpn | Aba | Pae | AUC0-t /ng·h·mL-1 | t1/2 /h | CL /mL·min-1·kg-1 | Vss /L·kg-1 | Eco 210737 | Kpn 212232 |
| < 0.03-0.25 | < 0.03-0.5 | 0.125-1 | 0.25-1 | 0.35 ± 0.06 | 29 | 1 730 | 0.45 | 11.0 | 0.30 | | 3.37 | 10.20 |
), ArticleFig(id=1222513656093463117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222469964624286336, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=
Compound 11 and biological activities. aEco, E. coli, 5 strains; Kpn, MDR K. pneumoniae, 5 strains; Aba, MDR A. baumannii, 5 strains; Pae, MDR P. aeruginosa, 5 strains. bn= 4, data represent as mean ± standard deviation; fu, Fraction unbound. cStability: The degradation percentage after 4 h incubation in human plasma at 37 ℃. d Sprague-Dawley rat (male), 1 mg·kg-1, n = 3
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| MICa/μg·mL-1 | Human PPB (fu)b | Stabilityc (degradation)/% | Pharmacokinetic propertiesd | | ED50 /mg·kg-1 |
| Eco | Kpn | Aba | Pae | AUC0-t /ng·h·mL-1 | t1/2 /h | CL /mL·min-1·kg-1 | Vss /L·kg-1 | Eco 210737 | Kpn 212232 |
| < 0.03-0.25 | < 0.03-0.5 | 0.125-1 | 0.25-1 | 0.35 ± 0.06 | 29 | 1 730 | 0.45 | 11.0 | 0.30 | | 3.37 | 10.20 |
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