Article(id=1222466736721486554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1222466735333171928, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16438/j.0513-4870.2018-0920, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1539187200000, receivedDateStr=2018-10-11, revisedDate=1542470400000, revisedDateStr=2018-11-18, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1769388382368, onlineDateStr=2026-01-26, pubDate=1554998400000, pubDateStr=2019-04-12, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1769388382368, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1769388382368, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769388382368, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1222466735333171928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, year='2019', volume='54', issue='4', pageStart='587', pageEnd='759', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1769388382037, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1769389323134, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1222470682642993456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1222466735333171928, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1222470682642993457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, issueId=1222466735333171928, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=670, endPage=677, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1222466738214658799, articleId=1222466736721486554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=EN, title=Experimental study on the effect of Sishen Wan on intestinal flora in rats with diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome, columnId=1190335348761793317, journalTitle=Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To investigate the effect of Sishen Wan (SSW) on intestinal flora in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) rats and explore the efficacy of this regiment for improving IBS-D, we divided 45 SPF male SD rats randomly into control, disease, SSW, Ershen Wan (ESW) and Wuweizasan (WWZS) groups. The spleen-kidney-yang deficiency type IBS-D rat model was prepared by a composite factor and administered for 14 days. After collecting the feces of the rats, total DNA was extracted from the stool samples. Primers were designed based on the 16S r RNA V3 to V4 regions of the bacteria, and used for high-throughput sequencing with the Illumina Miseq platform. We found that SSW can effectively reduce the diarrhea index (P < 0.05) and reduce the high sensitivity of intestinal tract (P < 0.05) of IBS-D rats. The principal component analysis (PCA), principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) and non-metric multidimensional scale analysis (NMDS) based on the Beta diversity distance showed that there were significant differences in the composition of the gut microbiota among the five groups (P < 0.05). The disease group has the lowest in abundance, uniformity and diversity of gut microbiota. Compared with the control group, the disease group showed a significant increase in Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Veillonococcus and Mycoplasma (P < 0.05), but a significant reduction in Pleaverella (P < 0.05). Compared with the disease group, SSW administration caused significant reduction in the Proteobacteria and Mycoplasma (P < 0.05), but significant increases of Clostridium, Turicibacter and Romboutsia (P < 0.05). Our study shows that SSW has the potential as a therapeutic regiment for treatment of IBS-D due to partial regulation of the intestinal flora. In addition, there is a synergy between ESW and WWZS.

, correspAuthors=Wei-peng YANG, Hai-nan WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2019 Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jia-xing LIU, Yan-li WANG, Yu LI, Di-xin ZOU, Dun-fang WANG, Xu-ran MA, Hong-xin SONG, Wei-peng YANG, Hai-nan WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1222466741540742057, articleId=1222466736721486554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, language=CN, title=四神丸对腹泻型肠易激综合征大鼠肠道菌群影响的实验研究, columnId=1190335348896011050, journalTitle=药学学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

研究四神丸对腹泻型肠易激综合征(diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome,IBS-D)大鼠肠道菌群的影响,探讨其改善IBS-D与肠道菌群的关系。选取SPF级雄性SD大鼠45只,随机分为正常组、模型组、四神丸组、二神丸组和五味子散组。以复合因素制备脾肾阳虚型IBS-D大鼠模型后给药14天,采集大鼠粪便,提取粪便样本总DNA,根据细菌16S r RNA V3~V4区设计引物进行扩增,利用Illumina Miseq平台进行高通量测序。动物实验操作过程依照中国中医科学院动物实验伦理委员会的要求执行。研究发现:四神丸能有效减小IBS-D大鼠腹泻指数(P < 0.05)及降低肠道高敏感性(P < 0.05)。主成分分析(PCA)、主坐标分析(PCoA)和基于β多样性距离的非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)结果显示5组大鼠肠道菌群组成存在明显差异。模型组的菌群丰度、均匀度和多样性均最低。与正常组相比,模型组变形菌门、放线菌门、韦荣球菌属和支原体属显著增加(P < 0.05),普雷沃氏菌属显著减少(P < 0.05)。与模型组相比,四神丸组变形菌门和支原体属显著减少(P < 0.05),梭菌属、Turicibacter和Romboutsia显著增加(P < 0.05)。本研究表明四神丸可能是部分通过调节肠道菌群的结构而发挥治疗IBS-D的作用,且二神丸和五味子散之间有协同作用。

, correspAuthors=杨伟鹏, 王海南, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*杨伟鹏, Tel: 86-10-64093041, Fax: 86-10-64013996, E-mail: ;
王海南, Tel: 86-10-88331025, Fax: 86-10-88331072, E-mail:
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Appl Environ Microbiol, 2004, 70: 5810-5817., articleTitle=Lactate-utilizing bacteria, isolated from human feces, that produce butyrate as a major fermentation product, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1222513654965195269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, awardId=81273662, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(81273662), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1222513655095218705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, awardId=81473592, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(81473592), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1222513655187493401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, awardId=2014ZX09304306-006, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重大新药创制专项资助项目(2014ZX09304306-006), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1222513655309128224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, awardId=ZXKT17029, language=CN, fundingSource=中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(ZXKT17029), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1222513645226021501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1222513645238604415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, companyId=1222513645226021501, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1. 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Group 1 mL 1.5 mL 2 mL
Control 1.22 ± 0.44 2.00 ± 0.50 2.56 ± 0.53
Model 1.44 ± 0.53 2.44 ± 0.53 3.33 ± 0.50*
SSW 1.33 ± 0.50 2.33 ± 0.50 2.89 ± 0.33
ESW 1.44 ± 0.53 2.33 ± 0.50 3.11 ± 0.33
WWZS 1.33 ± 0.50 2.33 ± 0.50 3.22 ± 0.44
), ArticleFig(id=1222513654076002753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=

Abdominal with drawal reflex (AWR) in each group (two weeks of administration). n = 9, $\bar{x}\pm s$.*P < 0.05 vs control; P < 0.05 vs model. SSW: Sishen Wan group; ESW: Er Shen Wan group; WWZS: Wuweizisan group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group 1 mL 1.5 mL 2 mL
Control 1.22 ± 0.44 2.00 ± 0.50 2.56 ± 0.53
Model 1.44 ± 0.53 2.44 ± 0.53 3.33 ± 0.50*
SSW 1.33 ± 0.50 2.33 ± 0.50 2.89 ± 0.33
ESW 1.44 ± 0.53 2.33 ± 0.50 3.11 ± 0.33
WWZS 1.33 ± 0.50 2.33 ± 0.50 3.22 ± 0.44
), ArticleFig(id=1222513654164083141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Sobs Heip Invsimpson Coverage
Control 618.50 ± 35.46 0.16 ± 0.01 38.59 ± 7.33 0.99 ± 0.000 92
Model 508.17 ± 23.26* 0.13 ± 0.03* 29.02 ± 8.66 0.99 ± 0.001 28
SSW 657.67 ± 34.96 0.17 ± 0.03 45.90 ± 16.55 0.99 ± 0.000 99
ESW 583.50 ± 37.91△▲ 0.15 ± 0.04 34.65 ± 13.94 0.99 ± 0.000 57
WWZS 593.33 ± 36.95△▲ 0.18 ± 0.02 45.69 ± 7.64# 0.99 ± 0.000 83
), ArticleFig(id=1222513654285717968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=

The rat gut microbiota diversity indexes in various groups. n = 6, $\bar{x}\pm s$.*P < 0.05 vs control; P < 0.05 vs model; P < 0.05 vs SSW

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Sobs Heip Invsimpson Coverage
Control 618.50 ± 35.46 0.16 ± 0.01 38.59 ± 7.33 0.99 ± 0.000 92
Model 508.17 ± 23.26* 0.13 ± 0.03* 29.02 ± 8.66 0.99 ± 0.001 28
SSW 657.67 ± 34.96 0.17 ± 0.03 45.90 ± 16.55 0.99 ± 0.000 99
ESW 583.50 ± 37.91△▲ 0.15 ± 0.04 34.65 ± 13.94 0.99 ± 0.000 57
WWZS 593.33 ± 36.95△▲ 0.18 ± 0.02 45.69 ± 7.64# 0.99 ± 0.000 83
), ArticleFig(id=1222513654411547100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No Species Taxonomy Control Model SSW Trend
1 Firmicutes Phylum 0.573 1 ± 0.112 1 0.597 0 ± 0.081 8 0.589 3 ± 0.0485 ↑↓
2 Bacteroidetes Phylum 0.414 5 ± 0.109 1 0.342 0 ± 0.087 2 0.3760 ± 0.038 4 ↓↑
3 Proteobacteria Phylum 0.005 4 ± 0.004 0 0.035 2 ± 0.001 2* 0.009 4 ± 0.006 3 ↑↓
4 Actinobacteria Phylum 0.002 5 ± 0.000 8 0.021 7 ± 0.007 0* 0.015 4 ± 0.016 3 ↑↓
5 Tenericutes Phylum 0.002 9 ± 0.000 9 0.003 2 ± 0.001 5 0.008 6 ± 0.007 5 ↑↓
6 Cyanobacteria Phylum 0.000 5 ± 0.000 4 0.000 5 ± 0.000 3 0.000 5 ± 0.000 6 --
7 Saccharibacteria Phylum 0.000 4 ± 0.000 3 0.000 4 ± 0.000 4 0.000 4 ± 0.000 4 --
8 Lactobacillus Genus 0.280 0 ± 0.088 6 0.191 6 ± 0.067 8 0.199 7 ± 0.095 2 ↓↑
9 Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group Genus 0.033 6 ± 0.023 3 0.074 2 ± 0.049 9 0.028 1 ± 0.022 8 ↑↓
10 Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group Genus 0.077 8 ± 0.045 9 0.007 1 ± 0.004 4* 0.053 6 ± 0.000 3 ↓↑
11 Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 Genus 0.024 9 ± 0.009 6 0.018 0 ± 0.007 4 0.046 8 ± 0.015 1 ↓↑
12 Erysipelotrichaceae Genus 0.001 2 ± 0.001 3 0.049 3 ± 0.027 9* 0.019 7 ± 0.025 7 ↑↓
13 Ruminococcus_1 Genus 0.028 6 ± 0.004 4 0.021 6 ± 0.008 7 0.015 4 ± 0.010 5 ↓↓
14 Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group Genus 0.040 9 ± 0.050 7 0.001 7 ± 0.001 4* 0.015 0 ± 0.015 0 ↓↑
15 Romboutsia Genus 0.022 8 ± 0.007 5 0.006 6 ± 0.001 6 0.025 3 ± 0.006 5 ↓↑
16 Allobaculum Genus 0.000 9 ± 0.001 0 0.037 1 ± 0.019 6* 0.007 4 ± 0.007 5 ↑↓
17 Turicibacter Genus 0.003 6 ± 0.002 2 0.005 4 ± 0.002 2 0.027 7 ± 0.016 8 ↑↑
18 Blautia Genus 0.001 1 ± 0.000 5 0.007 5 ± 0.005 0 0.014 8 ± 0.020 0 ↑↑
19 Desulfovibrio Genus 0.001 6 ± 0.000 7 0.019 6 ± 0.014 1 0.001 0 ± 0.000 6 ↑↓
20 Parasutterella Genus 0.002 3 ± 0.001 7 0.010 5 ± 0.004 2 0.007 1 ± 0.007 4 ↑↓
), ArticleFig(id=1222513654520599014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=

The relative abundance of rats intestinal flora in various groups. n = 6, $\bar{x}\pm s$.*P < 0.05 vs control; P < 0.05 vs model

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No Species Taxonomy Control Model SSW Trend
1 Firmicutes Phylum 0.573 1 ± 0.112 1 0.597 0 ± 0.081 8 0.589 3 ± 0.0485 ↑↓
2 Bacteroidetes Phylum 0.414 5 ± 0.109 1 0.342 0 ± 0.087 2 0.3760 ± 0.038 4 ↓↑
3 Proteobacteria Phylum 0.005 4 ± 0.004 0 0.035 2 ± 0.001 2* 0.009 4 ± 0.006 3 ↑↓
4 Actinobacteria Phylum 0.002 5 ± 0.000 8 0.021 7 ± 0.007 0* 0.015 4 ± 0.016 3 ↑↓
5 Tenericutes Phylum 0.002 9 ± 0.000 9 0.003 2 ± 0.001 5 0.008 6 ± 0.007 5 ↑↓
6 Cyanobacteria Phylum 0.000 5 ± 0.000 4 0.000 5 ± 0.000 3 0.000 5 ± 0.000 6 --
7 Saccharibacteria Phylum 0.000 4 ± 0.000 3 0.000 4 ± 0.000 4 0.000 4 ± 0.000 4 --
8 Lactobacillus Genus 0.280 0 ± 0.088 6 0.191 6 ± 0.067 8 0.199 7 ± 0.095 2 ↓↑
9 Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group Genus 0.033 6 ± 0.023 3 0.074 2 ± 0.049 9 0.028 1 ± 0.022 8 ↑↓
10 Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group Genus 0.077 8 ± 0.045 9 0.007 1 ± 0.004 4* 0.053 6 ± 0.000 3 ↓↑
11 Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 Genus 0.024 9 ± 0.009 6 0.018 0 ± 0.007 4 0.046 8 ± 0.015 1 ↓↑
12 Erysipelotrichaceae Genus 0.001 2 ± 0.001 3 0.049 3 ± 0.027 9* 0.019 7 ± 0.025 7 ↑↓
13 Ruminococcus_1 Genus 0.028 6 ± 0.004 4 0.021 6 ± 0.008 7 0.015 4 ± 0.010 5 ↓↓
14 Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group Genus 0.040 9 ± 0.050 7 0.001 7 ± 0.001 4* 0.015 0 ± 0.015 0 ↓↑
15 Romboutsia Genus 0.022 8 ± 0.007 5 0.006 6 ± 0.001 6 0.025 3 ± 0.006 5 ↓↑
16 Allobaculum Genus 0.000 9 ± 0.001 0 0.037 1 ± 0.019 6* 0.007 4 ± 0.007 5 ↑↓
17 Turicibacter Genus 0.003 6 ± 0.002 2 0.005 4 ± 0.002 2 0.027 7 ± 0.016 8 ↑↑
18 Blautia Genus 0.001 1 ± 0.000 5 0.007 5 ± 0.005 0 0.014 8 ± 0.020 0 ↑↑
19 Desulfovibrio Genus 0.001 6 ± 0.000 7 0.019 6 ± 0.014 1 0.001 0 ± 0.000 6 ↑↓
20 Parasutterella Genus 0.002 3 ± 0.001 7 0.010 5 ± 0.004 2 0.007 1 ± 0.007 4 ↑↓
), ArticleFig(id=1222513654650622448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No Species Taxonomy SSW ESW WWZS
1 Firmicutes Phylum 0.589 3 ± 0.048 5 0.592 3 ± 0.061 5 0.669 5 ± 0.062 4
2 Bacteroidetes Phylum 0.376 0 ± 0.038 4 0.389 0 ± 0.064 4 0.315 1 ± 0.061 0
3 Actinobacteria Phylum 0.015 4 ± 0.016 3 0.006 7 ± 0.003 9* 0.001 9 ± 0.000 8*
4 Bacteroidales_S24-7_group Genus 0.290 7 ± 0.084 4 0.247 3 ± 0.044 0 0.257 3 ± 0.034 9
5 Lactobacillus Genus 0.199 7 ± 0.095 2 0.194 5 ± 0.105 7 0.234 0 ± 0.087 9
6 Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group Genus 0.028 1 ± 0.022 8 0.052 4 ± 0.004 7* 0.066 9 ± 0.000 4*
7 Prevotellaceae Genus 0.017 5 ± 0.001 8 0.037 6 ± 0.003 0* 0.010 3 ± 0.005 7*
8 Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 Genus 0.027 4 ± 0.002 9 0.022 3 ± 0.009 8* 0.011 7 ± 0.002 5*
), ArticleFig(id=1222513654751285751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189982191388893191, articleId=1222466736721486554, language=CN, label=Table 4, caption=

The relative abundance of rats intestinal flora in SSW, ERW and WWZS. n = 6, $\bar{x}\pm s$. *P < 0.05 vs SSW

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No Species Taxonomy SSW ESW WWZS
1 Firmicutes Phylum 0.589 3 ± 0.048 5 0.592 3 ± 0.061 5 0.669 5 ± 0.062 4
2 Bacteroidetes Phylum 0.376 0 ± 0.038 4 0.389 0 ± 0.064 4 0.315 1 ± 0.061 0
3 Actinobacteria Phylum 0.015 4 ± 0.016 3 0.006 7 ± 0.003 9* 0.001 9 ± 0.000 8*
4 Bacteroidales_S24-7_group Genus 0.290 7 ± 0.084 4 0.247 3 ± 0.044 0 0.257 3 ± 0.034 9
5 Lactobacillus Genus 0.199 7 ± 0.095 2 0.194 5 ± 0.105 7 0.234 0 ± 0.087 9
6 Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group Genus 0.028 1 ± 0.022 8 0.052 4 ± 0.004 7* 0.066 9 ± 0.000 4*
7 Prevotellaceae Genus 0.017 5 ± 0.001 8 0.037 6 ± 0.003 0* 0.010 3 ± 0.005 7*
8 Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 Genus 0.027 4 ± 0.002 9 0.022 3 ± 0.009 8* 0.011 7 ± 0.002 5*
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四神丸对腹泻型肠易激综合征大鼠肠道菌群影响的实验研究
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刘佳星 1 , 王彦礼 2 , 李彧 3 , 邹迪新 2 , 王敦方 2 , 马旭冉 2 , 宋红新 2 , 杨伟鹏 2, * , 王海南 4, *
药学学报 | 研究论文 2019,54(4): 670-677
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药学学报 | 研究论文 2019, 54(4): 670-677
四神丸对腹泻型肠易激综合征大鼠肠道菌群影响的实验研究
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刘佳星1, 王彦礼2, 李彧3, 邹迪新2, 王敦方2, 马旭冉2, 宋红新2, 杨伟鹏2, * , 王海南4, *
作者信息
  • 1.贵州大学药学院, 贵州 贵阳 550025
  • 2.中国中医科学院中药研究所, 北京 100700
  • 3.北京中医药大学, 北京 100029
  • 4.国家药品监督管理局, 北京 100037

通讯作者:

*杨伟鹏, Tel: 86-10-64093041, Fax: 86-10-64013996, E-mail: ;
王海南, Tel: 86-10-88331025, Fax: 86-10-88331072, E-mail:
Experimental study on the effect of Sishen Wan on intestinal flora in rats with diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome
Jia-xing LIU1, Yan-li WANG2, Yu LI3, Di-xin ZOU2, Dun-fang WANG2, Xu-ran MA2, Hong-xin SONG2, Wei-peng YANG2, * , Hai-nan WANG4, *
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • 2. Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
  • 3. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • 4. State Drug Administration, Beijing 100037, China
出版时间: 2019-04-12 doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2018-0920
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研究四神丸对腹泻型肠易激综合征(diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome,IBS-D)大鼠肠道菌群的影响,探讨其改善IBS-D与肠道菌群的关系。选取SPF级雄性SD大鼠45只,随机分为正常组、模型组、四神丸组、二神丸组和五味子散组。以复合因素制备脾肾阳虚型IBS-D大鼠模型后给药14天,采集大鼠粪便,提取粪便样本总DNA,根据细菌16S r RNA V3~V4区设计引物进行扩增,利用Illumina Miseq平台进行高通量测序。动物实验操作过程依照中国中医科学院动物实验伦理委员会的要求执行。研究发现:四神丸能有效减小IBS-D大鼠腹泻指数(P < 0.05)及降低肠道高敏感性(P < 0.05)。主成分分析(PCA)、主坐标分析(PCoA)和基于β多样性距离的非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)结果显示5组大鼠肠道菌群组成存在明显差异。模型组的菌群丰度、均匀度和多样性均最低。与正常组相比,模型组变形菌门、放线菌门、韦荣球菌属和支原体属显著增加(P < 0.05),普雷沃氏菌属显著减少(P < 0.05)。与模型组相比,四神丸组变形菌门和支原体属显著减少(P < 0.05),梭菌属、Turicibacter和Romboutsia显著增加(P < 0.05)。本研究表明四神丸可能是部分通过调节肠道菌群的结构而发挥治疗IBS-D的作用,且二神丸和五味子散之间有协同作用。

四神丸  /  二神丸  /  五味子散  /  腹泻型肠易激综合征  /  肠道菌群  /  高通量测序

To investigate the effect of Sishen Wan (SSW) on intestinal flora in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) rats and explore the efficacy of this regiment for improving IBS-D, we divided 45 SPF male SD rats randomly into control, disease, SSW, Ershen Wan (ESW) and Wuweizasan (WWZS) groups. The spleen-kidney-yang deficiency type IBS-D rat model was prepared by a composite factor and administered for 14 days. After collecting the feces of the rats, total DNA was extracted from the stool samples. Primers were designed based on the 16S r RNA V3 to V4 regions of the bacteria, and used for high-throughput sequencing with the Illumina Miseq platform. We found that SSW can effectively reduce the diarrhea index (P < 0.05) and reduce the high sensitivity of intestinal tract (P < 0.05) of IBS-D rats. The principal component analysis (PCA), principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) and non-metric multidimensional scale analysis (NMDS) based on the Beta diversity distance showed that there were significant differences in the composition of the gut microbiota among the five groups (P < 0.05). The disease group has the lowest in abundance, uniformity and diversity of gut microbiota. Compared with the control group, the disease group showed a significant increase in Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Veillonococcus and Mycoplasma (P < 0.05), but a significant reduction in Pleaverella (P < 0.05). Compared with the disease group, SSW administration caused significant reduction in the Proteobacteria and Mycoplasma (P < 0.05), but significant increases of Clostridium, Turicibacter and Romboutsia (P < 0.05). Our study shows that SSW has the potential as a therapeutic regiment for treatment of IBS-D due to partial regulation of the intestinal flora. In addition, there is a synergy between ESW and WWZS.

Sishen Wan  /  Er Shen Wan  /  Wuweizisan  /  diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome  /  intestinal flora  /  high-throughput sequencing
刘佳星, 王彦礼, 李彧, 邹迪新, 王敦方, 马旭冉, 宋红新, 杨伟鹏, 王海南. 四神丸对腹泻型肠易激综合征大鼠肠道菌群影响的实验研究. 药学学报, 2019 , 54 (4) : 670 -677 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2018-0920
Jia-xing LIU, Yan-li WANG, Yu LI, Di-xin ZOU, Dun-fang WANG, Xu-ran MA, Hong-xin SONG, Wei-peng YANG, Hai-nan WANG. Experimental study on the effect of Sishen Wan on intestinal flora in rats with diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2019 , 54 (4) : 670 -677 . DOI: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2018-0920
肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome, IBS)是一种肠道功能性疾病, 临床主要特征表现为与肠习惯变化相关的复发性腹痛或腹部不适[1,2], IBS占总人口的15.9%[3]。腹泻型肠易激综合征(diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, IBS-D)是IBS最常见的一种类型, 其发病因素复杂[4], 随着微生态学的发展, 肠道微生态与IBS-D发病关系已成为研究热点。肠道菌群与宿主之间可以相互交流物种和信息。正常情况下, 肠黏膜免疫系统对肠道菌群处于免疫耐受状态, 保持着动态平衡, 肠道菌群失调时, 可能诱发黏膜免疫功能失调, 从而引发肠道疾病[5]。越来越多的研究表明IBS-D是一种免疫-炎症模式的胃肠道疾病, 微生物导致的肠道局部持续性、低级别的炎症反应状态是其病理生理学基础, 肠道微生物与IBS-D的关系密切[6]
四神丸源自《证治准绳》, “治脾胃虚弱, 大便不实, 饮食不思, 或泄泻腹痛等证”。是治疗脾肾阳虚泄泻的经典名方, 临床效果肯定。相对于化学药物的单一靶点治疗作用, 中药复方成分复杂, 在多病因的复杂慢性疾病治疗中具有多组分、多靶点和多通路的整体治疗作用。四神丸全方可拆分为二神丸和五味子散。本文基于四神丸对IBS-D确切的治疗效果, 采用高通量测序技术研究四神丸、二神丸和五味子散对IBS-D大鼠肠道菌群的调节作用, 探索四神丸对大鼠体内肠道菌群的影响和其配伍的合理性。
实验动物  SPF级雄性SD大鼠45只, 体重140~160 g, 北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司提供, 许可证号SCXK (京) 2014-0013。动物实验操作过程依照中国中医科学院动物实验伦理委员会的要求执行。
药物、试剂及仪器 四神丸由补骨脂、肉豆蔻、吴茱萸、五味子、大枣、生姜组成, 比例为4:2:1:2:2:2。二神丸由补骨脂、肉豆蔻、大枣和生姜组成, 比例为2:1:1:1。五味子散由吴茱萸和五味子组成, 比例为1:2。3种方剂分别水煎后制成浸膏保存。饮片均购自北京仟草中药饮片有限公司, 经中国中医科学院中药研究所李先端研究员鉴定为合格药材, 按《中国药典》2015年版检验, 结果均符合规定, 其中饮片的主要成分质量分数补骨脂素和异补骨脂素的总量为0.90%, 吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱的总量为3.07%, 五味子醇甲为0.84%。DNA提取试剂盒(美国Omega Bio-tek公司); 2%琼脂糖凝胶(西班牙Biowest Agarose公司); Trans Start Fast Pfu DNA Polymerase (北京全氏金生物技术有限公司); Axy Prep DNA Gel Extraction Kit (美国Axygen Biosciences公司); 高速台式冷冻离心机(Eppendorf5424R, 德国艾本德公司); 超微量分光光度计(Nano Drop2000, 美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司); 电泳仪(DYY-6C, 北京市六一仪器厂); PCR仪(ABI Gene Amp®9700, 美国应用生物系统公司); MISEQ测序仪(Illumina MiSeq, 美国Illumina公司)。
造模方法及实验分组  45只大鼠, 将其中36只按照文献方法[7-10]造模, 其余9只作为正常组, 造模大鼠每只给予0.2 g·kg-1腺嘌呤灌胃4周, 从第3周起再灌服冰番泻叶水浸剂(10 mL·kg-1) 2周。造模后根据实验设计分组:正常组(control)、模型组(model)、四神丸组(SSW)、二神丸组(ESW)和五味子散组(WWZS)。给药剂量依据:成人体重按60 kg计算, 根据每个方剂的生药量按照药理学人与大鼠换算公式(dB = dA×KB/KA, dA为成人每天每公斤用药量, KB = 0.71, KA = 0.11)来折算, 分别以4.20、3.23和0.97 g·kg-1给药量灌胃给药, 模型组灌胃等剂量的生理盐水, 每日1次, 连续2周。正常组不予任何干预。
样品采集 末次给药后各组大鼠禁食不禁水, 用代谢笼采集大鼠新鲜粪便后立即放入灭菌的离心管中, -80 ℃冰箱保存, 以备肠道菌群分析。
指标检测及方法 造模期间每日观察大鼠神态、毛色、排泄物性状及体重变化等。依照文献[11]方法测定大鼠的腹泻指数, 腹泻指数 = 稀便率×稀便级。稀便级数分级方法:以稀便污染滤纸形成污迹面积的大小定级, 分为4级: 1级为污染直径 < 1 cm, 2级污染直径1.0~1.9 cm, 3级污染直径2~3 cm, 4级污染直径 > 3 cm。
肠道敏感性评估 采用文献[12]方法用腹壁撤退反射(abdominal with drawal reflex, AWR)评分判断。分别于造模前(第0周)、造模结束后(第4周)和给药结束后(第6周) 3个时间点对各组大鼠进行AWR评分。
结肠组织形态学变化 各组大鼠在实验结束后第2天, 用10%水合氯醛(7 mL·kg-1)腹腔注射麻醉后, 取距肛门8 cm处结肠组织, 于4%多聚甲醛中固定48 h以上, 蒸馏水冲洗, 梯度乙醇脱水、二甲苯透明、浸蜡、包埋、切片、HE染色, 光镜下观察结肠病理学变化。
测序实验流程 利用DNA提取试剂盒依照试剂盒使用说明书步骤提取大鼠各粪便样本的基因组DNA。将所提取的DNA样本进行细菌的16S核糖体RNA基因的V3~V4可变区域的PCR扩增(扩增条件为: a. 95 ℃解链3 min; b. 95 ℃ 30 s, 55 ℃ 30 s, 72 ℃ 45 s, 25个循环; c. 72 ℃延伸10 min), 测序区域为338F_806R, 引物设计为338F 5'-ACTCCTACGGGAG GCAGCAG-3'和806R 5'-GGACTACHVGGGTWTC TAAT-3', 并且分别给每个样本加上8 bp的标签序列。每个样品均做3次重复, PCR反应体系共20 μL, 包括5×FastPfu Buffer 4 μL, 2.5 mmol·L-1 dNTPs 2 μL, 引物(5 μmol·L-1)各0.8和0.4 μL的FastPfu Polymerase, BSA 0.2 μL和Template DNA 10 ng。将PCR产物用Quanti Fluor™-ST蓝色荧光定量系统进行检测定量, 之后按照测序量要求进行混合。
根据Illumina MiSeq测序平台的标准流程进行双末端测序。原始数据提交到NCBI数据中心的Sequence Read Archive (SRA)数据库。将成对的reads拼接成一条序列, 优化数据后采用贝叶斯算法(RDP classifier)进行OTU (97%相似水平)聚类分析, 对多样本的群落组成进行多元分析和差异显著性检验等研究[13]
统计学方法 所有数据以均数±标准差($\bar{x}\pm s$)表示, 采用SPSS 20.0统计软件分析。数据符合正态分布且方差齐时采用单因素方差分析, 否则用秩和检验, P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。
造模前, 各组大鼠反应正常。造模后, 模型大鼠出现精神倦怠、喜扎堆、躲避畏惧、反应迟钝、尿量增多、大便溏或软粒状且肛门口有粪便附着, 体重下降、进食减少等特征, 且与正常组比较, 模型组大鼠的腹泻指数明显增加(P < 0.05)。给药后, 各给药组与模型组比较, 腹泻指数均减小, 且以四神丸全方组效果最明显(P < 0.05), 与二神丸和五味子散呈协同作用有关。
造模前, 大鼠的AWR评分为1 mL: 1.10±0.32; 1.5 mL: 1.70±0.48; 2 mL: 2.50±0.53。造模后, 与正常组比较, 模型组大鼠AWR评分明显增加[1 mL: 1.20±0.42; 1.5 mL: 2.30±0.48 (P < 0.05); 2 mL: 3.00±0.47 (P < 0.05)], 肠道痛阈降低, 大鼠肠道敏感性增加。给药后, 各给药组与模型组比较, 肠道敏感性均有所下降, 且全方组下降最显著(P < 0.05), 疗效最好, 二神丸和五味子散组呈协同作用。见表 1
肉眼观察各组大鼠结肠组织均正常, 未见组织损伤。结肠组织HE染色结果如图 1所示, 正常组结肠标本表面绒毛整齐完整, 上皮细胞连接紧密, 黏膜下血管正常, 腺体结构排列规则, 肌层无异常; 模型组结肠标本表面绒毛完整, 未见溃疡及黏膜增厚, 偶见黏膜下层血管轻度扩张, 可见少量炎症细胞浸润, 肌层无异常, 未见有病理学改变, 与相关文献[14]报道一致; 四神丸组结肠标本表面绒毛整齐完整, 上皮细胞连接紧密, 黏膜下血管正常, 腺体结构排列规则, 未见炎症细胞浸润, 未见充血水肿, 肌层无异常; 二神丸组和五味子散组的结肠标本表面绒毛整齐完整, 上皮细胞连接紧密, 黏膜下血管正常, 腺体结构排列规则, 炎症细胞偶见, 未见充血水肿, 肌层无异常。
操作分类单元(operational taxonomic units, OTU)是在系统发生学中, 人为给某一个分类单元设置的统一标志。Rank-abundance曲线是统计每个样本中, 每个OTU所含的序列数, 用来解释菌群丰度和物种均匀度。如图 2所示, 模型组在横轴上的范围最小, 其物种丰度最低, 提示造模干扰了肠道菌群的丰度。四神丸组在横轴上的范围最大, 说明四神丸能显著恢复肠道物种的丰度, 同时说明二神丸和五味子散组在增加肠道物种丰度上呈协同作用。
Pan/Core物种分析用来判断样本量是否充足以及评估环境中总物种丰富度和核心物种数, pan OTU为共有的OTU的并集数, core OTU为共有OTU的交集数。图 3AB中随着样本量增加, 曲线趋于平滑, 说明各组的样本量充足。模型组的曲线均位于最下端, 其总物种丰富度和核心物种数最低。各给药组均有恢复肠道物种数的疗效且以全方组的效果最好, 二神丸和五味子散呈协同作用。
通过样本的Alpha多样性来对菌群进行分析。Sobs、heip和invsimpson指数分别用来反映群落的丰富度、均匀度和多样性。如表 2所示, 模型组较正常组群落的丰富度、均匀度和多样性均降低(P < 0.05), 各给药组较模型组均有恢复作用(P < 0.05)。Coverage指数是指各样品文库的覆盖率, 各组样本的数值均在0.9以上, 说明样本序列中未被测出的概率较小。PCA主成分分析和PCoA主坐标分析结果显示, 5组菌群差异明显(图 4AB)。
基于Beta多样性距离的非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS), 通过点与点间的距离体现对不同样本间的差异程度, 各组组间样本未重叠(图 4C), 表明组间肠道菌群构成有明显差异。
门水平:与正常组相比, 模型组在变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)丰度显著增加(P < 0.05)。属水平:与正常组相比, 模型组在韦荣球菌属(norank_f__Erysipelotrichaceae)和支原体属(Allobaculum)显著增加(P < 0.05), 在普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group、Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group)和Romboutsia显著减少(P < 0.05)。见图 5AB表 3
门水平:与模型组相比, 四神丸组在变形菌门(Proteobacteria)显著减少(P < 0.05), 在unclassified_k__ norank显著增加(P < 0.05)。二神丸组在变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)显著减少(P < 0.05), 在unclassified_k__norank和迷踪菌门(Elusimicrobia)显著增加(P < 0.05)。五味子散组在变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)显著减少(P < 0.05), 在柔膜菌门(Tenericutes)和unclassified_k__norank显著增加(P < 0.05)。属水平:与模型组相比, 四神丸组在支原体属(Allobaculum)显著减少(P < 0.05), 在梭菌属(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1)、Turicibacter和Romboutsia显著增加(P < 0.05)。二神丸组在韦荣球菌属(norank_f__Erysipelotrichaceae)和支原体属(Allobaculum)显著减少(P < 0.05)。在普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_ group、Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group和unclassified_f__ Prevotellaceae)、Romboutsia和Turicibacter显著增加(P < 0.05)。五味子散组在韦荣球菌属(norank_f__Erysipelotrichaceae)、支原体属(Allobaculum)和瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus_1)显著减少(P < 0.05), 在罗斯氏菌属(Roseburia)、毛螺菌属(norank_f__Lachnospiraceae)和Romboutsia显著增加(P < 0.05)。见图 5AB表 3
四神丸组、二神丸组和五味子散组在放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group、普雷沃氏菌属(unclassified_f__Prevotellaceae)和瘤胃菌属(Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014)有显著差异, 见图 6AB表 4。说明各给药组对IBS-D大鼠肠道菌群的影响各不相同, 二神丸和五味子散组呈协同作用。
LEfSe是一种用于发现高维生物标识和揭示基因组特征的软件, 用于区别两个或两个以上生物条件, 实现多个分组之间的比较。由分析可知, 正常组在普雷沃氏菌科(f__Prevotellaceae和g__Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group)、瘤胃菌科(g__Ruminococcaceae_UCG_005)丰度较高; 模型组在f__Erysipelotrichaceae、芽胞菌(c__Erysipelotrichia)、o__Erysipelotrichales、g__norank_f__Erysipelotrichaceae、别样棒菌属(g__Allobaculum)和变形菌纲(p__Proteobacteria)丰度较高。四神丸组在g__Turicibacter、消化链球菌科(f__Peptostreptococcaceae)和g__Romboutsia丰度较高。二神丸组(ESW)在普雷沃氏菌科(g__Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group)、梭菌属(g__Clostridium_ sensu_stricto_1和f__Clostridiaceae_1)丰度较高。五味子散组在毛螺菌科(g__Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_ group)、丁酸弧菌属(g__Butyrivibrio)、真细菌(g__ Eubacterium__ruminantium_group)和毛螺菌科(g__ norank_f__Lachnospiraceae)丰度较高。
四神丸是治疗脾肾阳虚泄泻的名方, 临床应用四神丸治疗IBS-D取得了显著疗效[15]。采用番泻叶联合腺嘌呤灌胃造模后, 大鼠的各项指标均符合IBS-D大鼠模型特征[16], 说明造模成功。各给药组均能改善大鼠腹泻、肠道高敏感性等症状, 且以四神丸全方组效果最好, 二神丸和五味子散呈协同作用。
肠道菌群与IBS-D的关系已成为当下研究热点[17-20]。肠道微生物群落结构柱形图显示了微生物的种类和其相对丰度, IBS-D大鼠的肠道菌群组成结构和丰度与正常组大鼠存在显著差异, 说明IBS-D的发病可能与肠道菌群失调有关。放线菌门中大部分是腐生菌和致病菌[21,22], IBS-D大鼠肠内其丰度较正常组显著增加。韦荣球菌产生的内毒素能够刺激诱导人和鼠的细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β的释放, 引起炎症反应[23,24], IBS-D大鼠出现的炎症反应可能与其丰度增加有关。支原体属是有致病特性, IBS-D大鼠肠道内其丰度显著增加。普雷沃氏菌属是一种多形态杆菌, 具有维持肠道正常生理等功能[25], IBS-D大鼠肠道内其丰度显著减少, 说明造模影响了大鼠的正常生理代谢。
四神丸可能通过下调变形菌门和支原体属, 同时上调梭菌属、Turicibacter和Romboutsia的丰度来发挥治疗作用。变形菌门包括很多病原菌, 其丰度的增加会引起肠道菌群失调, 四神丸下调的脱硫弧菌属属于其中一类, 其在肠道内的丰度会影响炎症因子水平[26-28]。梭菌属能够促进肠黏膜的生长增殖[29-31], 四神丸可能通过上调其丰度来发挥保护肠黏膜的功能。
实验研究结果表明肠道菌群变化可能是四神丸发挥药效的途径, 其通过增加肠道内益生菌丰度, 减少有害菌丰度, 来调节肠道微生态的平衡, 发挥治疗IBS-D的作用, 且四神丸全方组的疗效最显著, 说明二神丸和五味子散组之间呈协同作用。近年来有很多研究将益生菌或益生元制剂用于IBS-D患者的治疗[6], 但由于目前其所含菌种有限, 无法完全恢复IBS-D患者的正常肠道微生态。这提示, 可以将四神丸和微生物制剂联合应用, 为临床用药提供新思路。
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(81273662)
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(81473592)
  • 国家重大新药创制专项资助项目(2014ZX09304306-006)
  • 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(ZXKT17029)
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doi: 10.16438/j.0513-4870.2018-0920
  • 接收时间:2018-10-11
  • 首发时间:2026-01-26
  • 出版时间:2019-04-12
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  • 收稿日期:2018-10-11
  • 修回日期:2018-11-18
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81273662)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81473592)
国家重大新药创制专项资助项目(2014ZX09304306-006)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(ZXKT17029)
作者信息
    1.贵州大学药学院, 贵州 贵阳 550025
    2.中国中医科学院中药研究所, 北京 100700
    3.北京中医药大学, 北京 100029
    4.国家药品监督管理局, 北京 100037

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*杨伟鹏, Tel: 86-10-64093041, Fax: 86-10-64013996, E-mail: ;
王海南, Tel: 86-10-88331025, Fax: 86-10-88331072, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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